investigation of soil and root aeration

... applications of these techniques to the characterization of soil aeration and the impact on it of tillage and traffic, the study of trace gas exchange, and the investigation of the movement of radon and ... Ϫ10 kPa For a range of sandy soils, b and A r t values of 1.45 and 50 mm, respectively, were used, and b ranged from to 46 V APPLICATIONS A Investigation of Soil and Root Aeration The relationships ... measurement of porosity is vital to the understanding of gas movement in soil Air-filled porosity is often used as an indicator of the likely aeration status of the soil and its ability to conduct and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:20

... and manure management,[27] paddy rice farming, land use and wetland changes, pipeline losses, and covered vented landfill emissions leading to higher methane atmospheric concentrations Many of ... systems that enhance and target the fermentation process also are sources of atmospheric methane  use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in refrigeration systems, and use of CFCs and halons in fire ... removal rate, which is the sum of the flow of X out of the box (Fout), chemical loss of X (L), and deposition of X (D) (all in kg/sec): [68] The atmospheric lifetime of a species therefore measures...

Ngày tải lên: 09/06/2016, 14:47

... from paper and paperboard disposed of in landfills 64 A-18 Methane emissions from wood products disposed of in landfills 65 vii Foreword FAO and the International Council of Forest and Paper Associations ... atmosphere) of approximately 50 kg of CO2 equivalent per tonne of paper and 700 kg of CO2 equivalent per tonne of wood products Additional storage is accomplished in anaerobic landfills 14 Impact of ... emissions of 135 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year (not considering the impacts on landfill methane emissions, or the offsetting impacts of burning landfill methane as biomass energy and of...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:20

... Comparison of Recycling, Landfilling, and Incineration: A Review of Recent Studies”; Annual Review of Energy and the Environment 21:6:191-237 32 Microsoft Excel and Web-based versions of this tool ... of action by EPA • 1.4 The landfill recovery scenario is based on estimated recovery rates and percentages of waste disposed in landfills with no recovery, landfills with only flaring, and landfills ... reduction and recycling of paper products, for example, reduce energy consumption, decrease combustion and landfill emissions, and increase forest carbon sequestration ES.4 GENESIS AND APPLICATIONS OF...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 13:20

... the extent and optical depth of call clouds, and especially of low clouds in middle and high latitudes, which reflect more of the solar radiation to space and therefore reduce the GHW of the atmosphere ... these consequences involve large uncertainties because of the lack of observations and understanding of the mass balance and dynamics of glaciers and ice sheets These uncertainties are compounded ... and the regional pattern of response of the climate system to external forcing The circulation and thermal structure of the upper ocean control the penetration of heat into the deeper ocean and...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:20

... between the basins, the effective length and width of each basin is 50m and 24m, respectively A single aeration tank has a dimension with length of 50m and width of 12m The three parallel trains in ... half of Singapore’s domestic and industrial wastewater CWRP receives and treats a combination of domestic wastewater, infiltration and light industrial wastewater The designed capacity of CWRP ... additional emission of N2O from water when temperature increases The solubility of N2O in water is 1059.96 mg/L at ambient partial pressure of and salinity of The solubility of oxygen at the same...

Ngày tải lên: 27/11/2015, 12:12

... vancomycin-intermediate and vancomy- of large amounts of gentamicin sulphate into acrylic bone cement: effect on cin-resistant Chemother handling and mechanical properties, antibiotic release, and biofilm formation ... therapy, with or without the use of spacers and other differences On the other hand a literature review of Jackson and Schmalzried72 summarizing the results of 1,299 infected hip replacements ... eradication of planktonic residues but are not effective in eliminating micro-clusters disrupted from biofilms that may be the cause of recurrence after an indefinite period of time Fragments of biofilms...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:53

... methane and (C2+C 4)/C ratio Source: Moss et al (2000) Effect of feeding characteristics on methane production • Digestible organic matter or energy • Residence time in the rumen and level of intake ... the rumen and level of intake • Source of C and pattern of fermentation Temperature change Source: ICCP (2001) Source: Stern (2006) Sea level rise Effect of climate change on food –feed production ... contribution climate change in CO2 equivalent 18percent Includingpasture degradation and assuming that two-thirds of land use change is livestock related Livestock’s share in carbon dioxide emissions...

Ngày tải lên: 14/04/2013, 16:04

... chloroform and upper aqueous phases In the absence of CMP and in both +PIS and –PIS strains, a release of label in the aqueous phase was observed after incubation To calculate the liberation of ... Moore [7] and ´ Sandelius & Morre [8] with a pH of 8.0 and the presence of manganese ions In the range of concentrations tested, we found an optimum free manganese ion concentration of 2.5 mM, ... with the aim of understanding how PtdIns synthase functions and is regulated ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank A Zachowski, E Ruelland and A Jolliot-Croquin for helpful discussions and advice...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... respectively Results and Discussion 3.1 Characterization of nanotubular TiO2 films Figure shows SEM images of the surface of TiO2 thick films composed of nanoparticles (a) and nanotubes (b-d) ... nanotubes of 600 nm in length and 70 nm in diameter were formed by the hydrothermal treatment of the nanoparticles (b) Clearly, the morphology of the particles changed and the porosity of the films ... composed of TiO2 nanoparticles and nanotubes after calcination at 600 or 700oC and ball-milling The distribution of pores peaks at approximately 36 and 201 nm for the films composed of commercial...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:47

... Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, first as a Test Engineer and then as a Researcher of the staff He has been with Sensor Research and Development Corporation since 2000 and is ... component analysis and classification methods Results and discussion and H2S exposures On the contrary, CuO based sensors (ptype semiconductor) showed a decrease of resistance for NO and NO2 and an increase ... software was used for the on-line control of the test setup and measurement of sensors’ resistance and temperature The data recorded from the sensor array was real-time visualized on screen and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:07

... (a) and (b) above were of the order 100 : This view of the mechanism of the reaction seems also to be supported by the work of Schmidt and Bocker and by t h a t of Leblanc On the other hand Lunge ... 11-12 9*37 9-07 Fig shows the times of oxidation of various mixtures of nitric oxide and air, and Fig of mixtures of nitric oxide with equal volumes of nitrogen and oxygen calculated from the corrected ... Estimation of nitric oxide in the presence of nitrogen tetroxide Estimation of nitrous oxide Estimation of oxides of nitrogen mixed with nitrosyl chloride and hydrochloric acid Estimation of nitrous and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/05/2014, 17:03

... teachers of Department of Organic and Petrochemical Technology and the technicians of Laboratory of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Material, Institute of Chemical Engineering for their guidance, and ... conversion of C3H8, CO and NO and lower light-off temperature in comparison with Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 TWC [74] Hyuk Jae Kwon reported that the light-off temperature of the oxidations of CO and C3H6 over ... Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology) and HRTEM Tecnai G2 F20 equipment (Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Advance Institute of Science and Technology, Hanoi University of Science and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 17:14

... exclusively of rdfs:subClassOf edges In other words: a class A is a direct subclass of a class B if A and B are not equal and there is no class C that is a subclass of B and a superclass of A It ... combines the best features of other languages and adds some of its own In the rest of this section, we will give an overview of the basic syntax of SeRQL The overview of the SeRQL language given ... multiple dimensions of difficulty, viz pragmatics of ontology use, sloppiness of ontology mappings, scalability of mapping creation, functionality of mapping execution and evaluation of mapping quality...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 02:00

... arable soils The critical soil and management factors affecting the rates of N2O and N2 production and their ratios are concentration of mineral N, soil Emissions of Nitrous Oxide (N2O) and Di-Nitrogen ... donor and indirectly affects O2 concentrations of aerobic soils (Groffman et al., 1987) However the effect of available C on the amounts of N2O and N2 produced in and emitted from the soils, ... soils Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2, pp 157-163 Barak, P Molina, J.A.E Hadas, A & Clapp, C.E (1990) Mineralization of amino acids and evidence of direct assimilation of organic nitrogen Soil...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... constituent of large, underutilized resources of natural gas (located in remote areas of Asia, Siberia, Western Canada and offshore reservoirs of Australia, and therefore expensive to transport) and ... Recently, interest has built on the capture of CO2 from flue gas, and even landfill gas and coal bed methane gas In addition, flue gas, coal bed methane and some landfill gases contain O2 that can interfere ... acetate, polysulfone, and polyimide, are used for this purpose Air Products and Chemicals and Ube are marketing membrane systems for EOR and landfill gas upgrading, respectively and they have been...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... total sapwood of the stand and dividing by the ground surface area The trees were selected to best represent the CBH distribution of the canopy, and, therefore, of varying CBH and sapwood area, ... Comparison of measured and modelled daily canopy transpiration of the six Norway spruce canopies (see table I for stand descriptions) during the summer of 1994 (“40LB”, “40HB”, and “140”) and 1995 ... measurements of evapotranspiration from the soil surface and understory The soil surface flux varies strongly with age due to differences in stand density and radiation penetration through the stand to...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... degrees of shade tolerance, and have long been used by l’ombrage / photosynthèse nette / foresters in the silvicultural management of forest stands Baker’s (1949) tables of tolerance for conifers and ... levels The area and dry weight of the leaves studied were also calculated This made it possible to calculate photosynthesis per unit of leaf area and per unit of leaf dry matter, and to determine ... mol and R grandis (54 mmol ) -1 ) -1 mol and the lowest for D excelsa (23 ) -1 mol Dark respiration Leaf dark respiration was very low for A caribaea and very high for P coriaceus, R grandis and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... the end of July, 62% of the enriched plants ceased growth as compared with 37% of the controls The early onset of yellowing and the stopped terminal bud growth indicates earlier senescence of the ... area and a reduction in shoot growth, which is very unusual and may have resulted from the timing of the nutrient application The accumulation of the carbon surplus was restricted to the root ... -enriched Dry matter partitioning (Table III) Table III shows that the root biomass of -enriched C0 plants was 69% heavier than roots of the control plants The increase was statistically significant...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... between the pH treatments = = acidity and the addition of the ionic mix- ture The effect of acidic rain on the Gn of clone 1019 seemed to depend upon envi- ronmental and/ or ecophysiological conditions ... reduction of the photosynthetic capacity may have consequences for growth and production of forest trees, as observed for poplar (Van Elsacker et al., 1988) However, length growth of top (and lateral) ... Discussion and Conclusion The reduction of CER and Gn at pH 4.0 + and the significant pH x ions interaction suggest a synergism between increasing This work is supported by the Commission of the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20