environmental ethics and human values

... Cummings Environmental ethics • Environmental ethics = application of ethical standards to relationships between human and non -human entities - Hard to resolve; depends on the person’s ethical standards ... help you understand: • Culture and worldviews • Environmental ethics • Classical and neoclassical economics • Economic growth, economic health, and sustainability • Environmental and ecological ... Cummings Ethics • Ethics = the study of good and bad, right and wrong - Relativists = ethics varies with social context - Universalists = right and wrong remains the same across cultures and situations...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2016, 15:37

... human rights, and environmental degradation? These salient questions will be addressed using existing empirical evidence and case studies This article focuses on environmental injustice and human ... resource exploitation, and environmental inequity For a better understanding of the nature and dynamics of environmental inequity, social injustice, and the concomitant human rights transgression ... charges of environmental racism,” “garbage imperialism,” and “toxic terrorism” against MNCs and government agencies with disregard to the environment, human health, and human rights (Uva and Bloom...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... utilitarian-based nonhuman animal welfarism, and of the rival holistic position of the land ethic Aldo Leopold, “The Land Ethic” in Earth Ethics: Environmental Ethics, Animal Rights and Practical Applications ... Callicott, both anthropocentrism and animal welfarism are individualistic and inadequate to environmental ethics, because moral standing is attributed to individual humans, all and only, or individual ... human beings and animals are capable of conscious experience Plants, being inferior to animals and human beings, have the function of serving the needs of animals and human beings Likewise, human...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 21:24

... nature and human actions as humanity expands The geographic and cultural landscapes of this planet have changed dramatically, altering the interactions among humans and disturbances As the human ... glaciers and rising sea levels alter the distribution of the mass of all that water across the land and these shifts can trigger volcanic activity and underwater landslides Both the natural and human- mediated ... environment and to the health of individuals and societies The insightful writings of scientists such as Edward O Wilson and Steven J Gould, humanists such as Wendell Berry and Bill McKibben and economists...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 04:20

... Biotechnology Human and Environment Human and Environment Human and Environment Environmental protection in construction Environmental Technology Water supply technology Human and Environment Human and ... solutions to environmental pollution Course evaluation form Subject Human and Environment Environmental Protection in Construction Environmental Engineering Environmental Technology Facility Environmental ... important to have enough confidence and desire for what you have chosen, have loyalty to their values and pursue If we betray those values, the standard of his own life and career will be a lot of risk...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... globalization and sustainable growth, bioethics and poverty, organizational performance and sustainability, environmental management and individual progress, human and ecosystem health, and water ... increases of human and livestock population, increased requirement 16 Environmental Management, Sustainable Development and Human Health of timber and fuel wood, expansion of cropland and enhanced ... Abu-Dieyeh, M H and Qnais, E 2009 Human Activities and Ecosystem Health in: E N Laboy-Nieves, F Schaffner, A Abdelhadi and M F A Goosen eds Environmental Management, Sustainable Development and Human Health,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 21:20

... Icelandic case, see V Arnason, ‘Coding and Consent Moral Challenges of the Database Project in Iceland’, Bioethics 18 (2004), pp 39–61 M Hayry, ‘European Values in Bioethics: Why, What, and How ... Vilhjalmur Arnason, Gardar Arnason The ¨ ´ Ethics and Governance of Human Genetic Databases: European Perspectives 978 521 85662 The Ethics and Governance of Human Genetic Databases European Perspectives ... Department of Sociology, University of Iceland is Associate Professor of Ethics and Human Rights, Malmo University, Sweden ¨ LENA HALLDENIUS is Professor of Bioethics and Philosophy of Law, University...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... human dignity is genetic, and it can be found in UNESCO’s Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights.31 This document states that human dignity is based on the human genome, and ... candidates as well, including ‘integrity’ and ‘vulnerability’ See, e.g., Jacob D Rendtorff and Peter Kemp (eds.), Basic Ethical Principles in European Bioethics and Biolaw, vols (Copenhagen and ... Liberal Utilitarianism and Applied Ethics; cf Matti Hayry, Ethics Committees, ¨ ¨ Principles and Consequences’, Journal of Medical Ethics 24 (1998), pp 81–85 34 Matti Hayry and Tuija Takala ¨ doctrine’s...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... about Icelanders’ perceptions of privacy of personal information in general and privacy of medical and genetic data in particular, and their trust of private and public organizations that handle ... increasing demands to introduce privatization into the fields of healthcare and science Onora O’Neill, ‘Informed Consent and Genetic Information’, Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical ... research on human genes, but only in order to detect, prevent and cure diseases Eight per cent accepted free and unrestrained genetic research, and only 1% wanted a total ban on research on human genes...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with Regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine: Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, Oviedo, April 1997, ETS 164 Consent and population ... a specific local history and the nationalistic discourse of Icelanders, emphasizing the uniqueness of the Icelandic biological and cultural heritage.17 Weighing risks and benefits In the context ... respect to the Icelandic database: The successful branding of deCode as Icelandic and as Stefansson’s personal project is key to its popular acceptability For reasons of geography and history, a...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... this case and related cases see Lori B Andrews, ‘Contacting Relatives and Recontacting Patients’, in B M Knoppers, C Laberge and M Hirtle (eds.), Human DNA: Law and Policy International and Comparative ... Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with Regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine: Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, Oviedo, April 1997, ... on the Human Genome and Human Rights, adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO at its 29th Session on 11 November 1997, art 4, and in the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... complex human history of population origins and movements, migration and cultural and environmental factors, have led to a situation in which distinctions 10 11 12 13 14 UK Biobank, Ethics and Governance ... Zhivotovsky and M W Feldman, ‘Genetic Structure of Human Populations’, Science 298 (2002), p 2384 King and Motulsky ‘Mapping Human History’, p 2343 International HapMap Consortium ‘Integrating Ethics and ... on the Human Genome and Human Rights has recognized the fundamental unity of humankind manifested in our sharing of the genome and suggested the linkage of this unity to the concept of human dignity...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... There is backing in the Council of Europe’s Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine1 and the Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights.2 The term ‘discrimination’ is explicitly ... Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with Regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine: Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, Oviedo, April 1997, ... infringe or has the effect of infringing human rights, fundamental freedoms and human dignity’, UNESCO, The Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights, adopted by the General Conference...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... Greely, ‘Breaking the Stalemate’; Caulfield, Upshur and Daar, ‘DNA Databanks ´ and Consent’; and Arnason, ‘Coding and Consent’ Informed consent and human genetic database research 215 asking for ... Benefits and the Impact on Human and Patient Rights (Geneva: WHO, 2003) See, for example, HUGO Ethics Committee, Statement on Benefit-Sharing (London: Human Genome Organization, 2000) D E Winickoff and ... understanding has 10 Tom L Beauchamp and James F Childress, Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 5th edn (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001), p 79 Ruth R Faden and Tom L Beauchamp, A History and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... Levitt and Sue Weldon, ‘Genetic Databases and Public Trust’, in Gardar ´ ´ Arnason, Salvor Nordal and Vilhjalmur Arnason (eds.), Blood and Data: Ethical, Legal ¨ ´ and Social Aspects of Human ... explicit individual consent and strict confidentiality; and comparable anxieties and attitudes are also registered in Iceland and the United Kingdom On the other hand, however, none of these ... whether a certain biotechnology research and development project is ethically and socially responsible and/ or economically viable, and thus deserves funding? And, more importantly, if our future...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... Iceland ´ Press and Centre for Ethics, 2004 ´ Arnason, V., ‘Coding and Consent Moral Challenges of the Database Project in Iceland’, Bioethics 18 (2004), 39–61 ‘Sensible Discussion in Bioethics: ... Harris, Ethics and Biotechnology, 202–215 Ethics Committees, Principles and Consequences’, Journal of Medical Ethics 24 (1998), 81–85 ‘European Values in Bioethics: Why, What, and How to be Used?’, ... Medicine and Bioethics 24 (2003), 199–214 Liberal Utilitarianism and Applied Ethics, London: Routledge, 1994 ‘Philosophical Arguments For and Against Human Reproductive Cloning’, Bioethics 17...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 13:20

... living beings and the urgent need for an ethic that is less partial and more consistent for both humans and nonhumans INTRODUCTION Is moral concern something owed by human beings only to human beings? ... personal human understanding: we prefer to have our interests respected and fulfilled rather than ignored and neglected Western law, backed by Western ethics, asserts that human beings have moral standing, ... Protectionism and Environmental Ethics: An Uneasy Alliance B Taylor’s Foundation Individual versus species Natural and nonnatural Moral standing Moral agents and moral...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 21:23

... Another example of human partiality and hubris relates directly to ethics Humans have long assumed that only the human animal has a system of ethics In spite of modern science and the similarities ... Ethics, including human ethics, might be genetically encoded • Human ethics are but one of many ethical systems in the animal world If the first point is true, then what is esteemed as human ethics ... form of humanocentrism (Orlans 150) Similar to human investigations into language, human understandings of pain, intelligence, communication, thought, community, learning ability, and ethics necessarily...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 21:23

... creatures, present and future, human and nonhuman In my view the arguments grounded on the interests of present and future human beings, and on the interests of the sentient nonhumans who inhabit ... experience where affect and affection leave off and some new faculty called “reason” kicks in and takes over Rather, our emotions get more and more expansive and better educated and new perspectives ... oysters and maple trees have no interests to consider? Plants “repair injuries and move water, nutrients, and photosynthate from cell to cell; they store sugars; they make tannin and other toxins and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 21:23

... of Respect for Nature Philosophical Principles and Standards Taylor explains the principles and standards to which both human and environmental ethics might be held Moral rules must be • • • ... that human rights offer persons (Respect 254) As one might then expect, Taylor’s theory of environmental ethics parallels human ethics He differentiates two categories of ethical conduct: human ethics ... interests between humans and other organisms and explains how his four ethical rules resolve “moral dilemmas that arise when human rights and values conflict with the good of non-humans” (Respect...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 21:23