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Ngày tải lên: 13/07/2014, 12:01

... report on the use of Factored Translation Models for English- to- Arabic translation. 1 Introduction Arabic has a complex morphology compared to English. Words are inflected for gender, number, and ... source benefits the performance of Arabic -to -English SMT. The use of similar techniques for English- to- Arabic SMT requires recombination of the target side into valid surface forms, which is not ... POS+clitic factor. We also use a genera- tion model to generate the surface form from the stem and POS+clitic, a translation table from POS to POS+clitics and from the English surface word to the Arabic...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:22

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 12:20

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 13:52

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2014, 15:21

... meaning  Help learners to be aware of register Help learners to be aware of register Look at word formation Look at word formation  Use direct translation carefully Use direct translation carefully  Teach ... context for any recording you use Provide a context for any recording you use  Give learners a reason for listening Give learners a reason for listening  Use listening for pleasure too Use ... learners experience a variety of accents and dialects  Find out what your learners need to listen too Find out what your learners need to listen too  Teach learners the strategies needed to control...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2013, 01:28

... 84. For a long time, this officials have been known throughout the country as political bosses and law enforces 85. The test administrator ordered we not to open our books until he told us to ... decimals 58. According to the passage, mathematical operations include: _______. a. to add, subtract, multiply and divide b. to square, cube, or raise to any other power c. to take a square, cube, ... fractions. The main operations are: to add, subtract, multiply and divide; to square, cube, or raise to any other power; to take a square, cube, or any other root, and to find a ratio or proportion...

Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2013, 11:10

... proves D science fiction stories V. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATON 66. Tom has the ability to be a professional musician, but he's too lazy to practice. A. He is able to practice music lessons ... He is rumoured to be rich but stringy 74 I don’t want to keep in touch with them any more A Not any longer I want to keep in touch with them B Not at more I want to keep in touch with them ... the storm. a). The storm made them not to climb up the mountain. b). The storm prevented them from climbing up the mountain. c). The storm made them could not climb up the mountain. d). The storm...

Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2013, 11:10

... out and compares the English terms with the Vietnamese ones to finds out appropriate Vietnamese equivalents for the English terms. The thesis aims to draw out common translation strategies ... applied in the English- Vietnamese translation of terms in materials for mechanical engineering. Hopefully, the result of the study would be useful in technical translation especially translation ... most basic engineering sciences and technical translation makes much contribution to its development. Technical term translation is part of technical translation, so it plays an important role...

Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:04

... what it ‘REALLY’ takes to get your website on the 1 st page in the Search Engines than 99% of those on the Net! Click here and download this amazing, free report today. ... are more than welcome to use it yourself and see what you come up with. However, in order to get the most out of this little secret I suggest you go to the source I went to. A young Fella ... world-class soap makers rely on to make their best soaps. He also provides invaluable links to organizations, books and the best places online to get additional information. More info on "soap...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 01:15

... invited to send their comments to: California State Board of Equalization Document Translations Section P.O. Box 942879, MIC:19 Sacramento, CA 94279 For other helpful translations or for more information ... nhị assets tài s nả audit ki m to n, ki m traể ể audit division phân b ki m to nộ ể auditor ki m to n viênể B bad debts các món n khó đòiợ balance ngân kho n đ i chi u, k tả ố ế ế to n bank statement b ... thuườ ế taxpayer ng i đ ng đ n xin,ườ ứ ơ đ ng đ nươ ơ petitioner, applicant ng i gi s sách k to nườ ữ ổ ế bookkeeper ng i giúp khai thuườ ế tax preparer English to Vietnamese A according to our...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2013, 06:15

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 20:37

Ngày tải lên: 27/12/2013, 20:26

... This one method alone could bring boatloads of exposure! You need to know a few key factors though when writing your press Top spot at Google for “Soap making Secrets” 2 ... new book made just for people who love making their own soap or want to learn how to. The Body: It's not like any of those generic books you find at the bookstores. Ones with pretty ... what it ‘REALLY’ takes to get your website on the 1 st page in the Search Engines than 99% of those on the Net! Click here and download this amazing, free report today. ...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 20:20

... teach English for mechanical 3 Hopefully, the thesis is useful for translators/interpreters, researchers, engineers, teachers, students and so on in translation, dictionaries editing, English ... terminology. 1. In translation, such translation strategies may help the translator find it easier to translate English mechanical engineering terms into Vietnamese. He may combine two or more translation ... above translation strategy is suitable for engineers and students. However, for experts and professors, it is not necessary to combine descriptive or functional equivalent to translate English...

Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 10:43

... Childrenarepersonswhohavenotyetreachedanagewhentheyarelegallyconsidered tobecompetenttoprotecttheirownwelfare. ã Foodstobepromotedarethoseproductswhichconformtonationalandinternational dietaryguidelinessupportingWHOsGlobalStrategytopreventobesityandchronic disease. ã ... 18  Proposedstandards  Asnotedearlier,theobjectiveofuniversalstandardsis to instituteruleswhichachieve maximumprotectionwhileremainingpracticalandeconomicalinapplication.Althoughit couldbeproposedthatchildrenshouldnotbeexposed to anymarketing,thepresent documenttakesa‘risk‐based’approach to reducingexposure to themarketingoffoodand beverageproductswhoseregularconsumptionisliable to increasetheriskofnon‐ communicablediseases.  Furthermore,itisimportant to identifyexamplesofhighstandards for cross‐border marketingwhichhavebeenproposedasaresultofconsensus‐buildingbyreputable agencies,thusindicatingthatsuchstandardsarefeasible,practicalandeconomical.  Inthissectionweproposestandardsbasedonaresponsibleapproach to marketingonthe understandingthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjected to inducements to consumeproducts which,ifconsumedroutinely,arelikely to bedetrimental to theirhealth.Whereavailable weshowexamplesoftheuseofsimilarstandardsinothersectors.  Standard1:Specifyingthefoodsandbeverages  Issue:Thepromotionofsomefoodsandbeveragescanunderminechildren’sdietaryhealth.  Proposal:Riskreductionmeanspromotingonlythosefoodandbeverageproductswhich conform to nationaldietaryguidelinesandinternationalstandardssupportingtheWHO GlobalStrategyonDiet,PhysicalActivityandHealth 29 .  Ahighstandard:Foodandbeveragesshouldbecategorisedaccording to avalidated nutrientprofilingsystem.ExamplesmayincludetheUKOfcommodelused to regulate advertisingontelevision, 30 theNordicKeyholefoodcategorisationmodel, 31 ortheproposals fromtheUSInteragencyWorkingGroup 32 .  Standard2:Agegroups  Issue:Somemarketingworksbelowconsciouscontrol.Evenwhenchildrenandadolescents areawareofmarketing,theymaybetrustinganduncriticalofthemessages.Medialiteracy doesnotreducemarketingmessageimpact.  Proposal:Riskreductionmeanspromotingonly to thosepersonswhohavereachedanage whentheyarelegallyconsidered to becompetentenough to protecttheirownwelfare.  29 WorldHealthOrganization,2004See http://www.who.int/entity/dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy _english_ web.pdf 30 UKOfficeofCommunications(Ofcom)2007.See http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/consultations/foodads_new/statement/andsee http://collections.europarchive.org/tna/20100927130941/http://food.gov.uk/healthiereating/advertisingtochi ldren/nutlab/nutprofmod 31 Seehttp://www.slv.se/en‐gb/Group1/Food‐and‐Nutrition/Keyhole‐symbol/ 32 FederalTradesCommission(2011)InteragencyWorkingGroupSeeksInputonProposedVoluntaryPrinciples for MarketingFood to Children.Seehttp://www.ftc.gov/opa/2011/04/foodmarket.shtm ... weaklyorinconsistentlyenforced Thisreportwillnotexploretheissuesofmonitoringandenforcement,althoughtheseare seriousconcernsthatneedtobeaddressedbypolicymakers.Atpresent,monitoringand complainthandlingbodiesdonotenforcecompanyledinitiatives.Alackofanindependent complaintmechanismcanleaveconsumersfrustrated,andalackofenforcementallows companyledinitiativestoberolledbackatanytime.Ifamonitoringandcomplaint handlingbodywereestablisheditwouldneedtogainconsumerconfidence,forwhichit wouldneed(a)tobetransparentinoperationwithroutineregularpublicationsoftheir activities;(b)tobeindependentandfreefromindustryinfluence,andseentobeso;and(c) toensurethattheirservicesareeasilyandinexpensivelyaccessedbyconsumers.Penalties mustbecommensuratewiththesizeofthemarketingbudgetsinvolvedandwiththe estimatedexposureofchildrentotheoffendingcommercialmessages. Afurtherconcernistheneedtoensurethat,whateverthedifferencesindefinitionsor approaches,allcompaniesshouldmakesomecommitmenttoofferselfrestraint.Inthe Europeanregiononly11companieshavejoinedthescheme,alongwiththeEuropean SnacksAssociation.Severalmajorcompanies,includingMcDonalds,KFCandHaribo,and manysmalleronesarenotincluded. Problemsofdefinitions Companieschoosetherulestoimposeuponthemselves.Asaresulttherearelikelytobe discrepanciesandinconsistencies.Hereweshalllookatsuchproblemsencounteredwithin thepledgesandpromisesandactivitiesundertakenbycompaniesintheEuropeanUnion. Whatageisachild? Thetablebelowprovidesexamplesofdefinitionsoftheagerangeforchildbycompanies participatingintheEUpledgescheme.Pleasenotethattheinterpretationofacompany policycanbecomplex,andreadersareadvisedtocheckthecompanystatementsfor themselves(hyperlinksareprovided). ...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 02:20

... substituted ‘‘ and ’’ with ˝ to keep consistent with translation data. We used L2 algorithm to train CRF. Data for Translation We used the NIST training set for Chinese -English translation tasks excluding the ... works aiming to introduce linguistic knowledge into the hierarchical phrase- based model. Marton and Resnik (2008) took the source parse tree into account and added soft con- straints to hierarchical ... syntax from parses to chunks can improve translation performance. The reasons should be our model can reduce parse errors and it is enough to use chunks as the basic unit for machine translation. Al- though...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... was achieved for Arabic -to -English translation. Birch et al. (2007) also reported a significant improve- ment for Dutch -English translation by applying CCG supertags at a word level to a factorized ... generate a tree -to- string translation rule. 2.3 Rich syntactic information for SMT Before describing our approaches of applying deep syntactic information yielded by an HPSG parser for fine-grained ... managed to be tackled during extracting rules from an aligned forest-string pair: where to cut and how to cut. Equation 1 was used again to compute a frontier node set to determine where to cut...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20