dynein apos s role in the pathogenesis of common neurodegenerative disease

... no staining in non-degenerate NP cells However, as in these previous studies, with degeneration, there was increased SA-βgal staining Because these discs (in our study) also showed shorter MTLs, ... particularly as p16INK4a may accumulate in response to specific forms of stress, including oxidative damage [18] Since the initial description of the pH-dependent staining of senescent fibroblasts by ... negative Senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining in cells directly extracted from human intervertebral disc tissue SA-β-gal staining was not observed in any of the NP cells isolated from the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... mild asthma resulted in a significant increase in airway hyperresponsiveness that was associated with the elevation of sputum eosinophil numbers [17] A variety of findings suggest that atopic individuals ... on these cells T cells from asthmatic lungs show defective expression of Fas Co-culturing of T cells with IL-4 downregulates Fas expression on the cell surface The expression of IL-4 in the asthmatic ... of high-affinity IL-4Rα and either the common γ chain or the IL-13 receptor α chain Binding of IL-4 results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transduction molecules including motifs similar...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... clinical stage of GCTs at presentation To determine the status of pY-Flt-1 and pY-FAK in GCT samples, the staining intensity of each specimen was scored as follows: (weak staining; less than 10% of the ... samples, the staining intensity of each specimen was scored as follows: (weak staining; less than 10% of cells were positive), (intermediate staining; 10-50% positive) and (strong staining; >50% positive) ... harvested GCT-CM under normoxia, GCT-CM did not enhance the osteoclastogenesis of OPCs Therefore, the role of VEGF in osteoclastogenesis in GCTs in vivo should be further investigated To assess the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... clinical stage of GCTs at presentation To determine the status of pY-Flt-1 and pY-FAK in GCT samples, the staining intensity of each specimen was scored as follows: (weak staining; less than 10% of the ... samples, the staining intensity of each specimen was scored as follows: (weak staining; less than 10% of cells were positive), (intermediate staining; 10-50% positive) and (strong staining; >50% positive) ... harvested GCT-CM under normoxia, GCT-CM did not enhance the osteoclastogenesis of OPCs Therefore, the role of VEGF in osteoclastogenesis in GCTs in vivo should be further investigated To assess the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... sister She never behaves with respect to the other Just because she is her sister – except perhaps in those cases when her mother says, “Give in to her.” In the game of sisters playing at “sisters,” ... are sisters: they are dressed alike, they walk about holding hands – in short, they enact whatever emphasizes their relationship as sisters visa-vis adults and strangers The elder, holding the ... the other sister in the whole play situation.) Only actions that fit these rules are acceptable in the play situation In the game a situation is chosen that stresses the fact that these girls...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 09:52

... mutations in (mostly) structural cartilage matrix genes represents a subset of secondary OA Studies of this form of OA, however, are important as they provide insights into the molecular processes ... enxymes Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases types Thus, mutations in the COL2A1 gene have been identified in PGOA/late-onset spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED) Mutations resulting in an Arg519Cys ... the search for predisposing genes using parametric linkage analyses of rare families in which OA segregates as a Mendelian trait, model-free linkage analysis of affected sibling pairs, and association...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... proportions of immunopositive cells in the different areas of the discs (i.e NP vs IAF, NP vs OAF, and IAF vs OAF) This analysis was performed using all disc sections, regardless of level of degeneration ... analysis system (Bioquant, Nashville, TN, USA) Each section was divided into three areas of disc for the purposes of analysis – the NP, the Inner annulus fibrosus (IAF), and, where present, the ... of IL-1 in such systems, one using ovine IVD cells [25] and the other, rabbit IVD cells [28] This is the first reported study to investigate the effects of IL-1 on human disc cells cultured in...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... tissue damage and disease In human disease, the complement system has been shown to have a role in the pathogenesis of various immune-mediated disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus, ... in other inflammatory disease models such as the Arthus reaction [38] and IC peritonitis [44], suggesting a more general mechanism of these receptors in inflammatory diseases Maintaining autoantibody ... to self surfaces [31] These results are surprising because in human RA the involvement of the complement network in the development of arthritis has generally been assumed to reflect the classical...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:23

... number of studies have shown that neither the β3 integrin nor the CTR are expressed by osteoclast precursors The expression of these genes increases during the late stages of osteoclast differentiation ... bone substrate may play a critical role inducing the higher levels of expression of these two enzymes in cells associated with the bone surface, as discussed below Although expressions of the cathepsin ... importantly, these cells were able to resorb the bone matrix, thus establishing their authenticity as osteoclast cells These observations, and the findings of the present study using human peri-implant...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:20

... Self SE, Gilkeson GS: Association of serum nitrate and nitrite levels with longitudinal assessments of disease activity and damage in systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis Arthritis Rheum ... Oxidative stress and TCRζ expression in RA T cells the possible role of NO Reduced GSH levels may contribute to the hyporesponsiveness of T cells from synovial fluid of RA patients [59,60] The expression ... biogenesis in lupus T cells, while increased NO production of T cells is not associated with increased mitochondrial mass in RA Monocytes express iNOS, while lymphocytes express both eNOS and nNOS...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:22

... that of normal volunteers (Klings ES et al, unpublished data) These findings suggest, both in humans and in mouse models of SCD, that there is increased oxidative burden and that alterations in the ... erythrocytes at baseline In addition, we observed a ninefold increase in the plasma levels of F2 isoprostanes, a stable marker of lipid peroxidation, in the plasma of ACS patients as compared ... efficacy of either vitamin A or C supplementation in the SCD population this is in part responsible for the clinical variability in disease course Further work is necessary to define more clearly the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... skeletal muscle diseases79-83, connective tissue diseases84-86, Atherosclerosis87-89 as well as in cancers The basis for pathogenesis of most of these conformational diseases is the cellular inability ... Press 2003) 1.3.2 Protein Misfolding and Disease Traditionally, protein misfolding has been linked to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer s disease and Parkinson s disease6 870 ... recent studies are beginning to reveal new evidences of the involvement of protein misfolding in a multitude of other diseases such as in lung diseases71,72, ophthalmic tissue diseases73-78, skeletal...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:55

... of involvement of T- and B lymphocytes in atherosclerosis Of interest, B cells and their involvement in atherosclerosis will be discussed 1.4.1 Localization of B cells in Atherosclerosis In apoE-/- ... atherosclerosis, implying the involvement of humoral B cell responses However, the understanding of the mechanism (s) by which B cells differentiate into plasma cells in response to atherosclerosis ... The role of B cells in Atherosclerosis: Pathogenic or protective? Recent studies have revisited the role of B cells to clarify its role in atherosclerosis As described earlier, the transfer of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:23

... disrupting humoral responses through CD11c depletion 3.8.1 Bone marrow was generating humoral responses in the absence of spleen in apoE-/- mice Since our findings established the spleen as a ... expression observed in the spleen of apoE-/- mice Our result also suggests changes in EBI2 expression unlikely contribute to the robust extrafollicular responses although it remains possible ... disruption of humoral responses in the spleen The findings that colocalization of plasmablasts with CD11chi DCs is critical for the survival and differentiation into plasma cells (Garcia De Vinuesa...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:24

... Discussion 4.1 Summary of findings Our investigations on the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis have led us to a better understanding of the humoral responses taking place in ... reported findings have suggested oxLDL level in the plasma was increased in the late stage of the disease and also during disease regression (Silaste et al., 2004; Tsimikas et al., 2007a; Tsimikas et ... responses in the spleen of apoE-/- mice Staining of CD5 on splenic sections to visualize B1a IgM+ plasmablasts participating in extrafollicular responses is not possible since T cells express...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:24

... Roles of H 2S in inflammation 10 1.2.4.2 Role of H 2S in CNS and CNS diseases 14 1.2.4.3 Roles of H 2S in cardiovascular system 25 1.2.4.4 Roles of H 2S in gastrointestinal ... mechanisms in FS Interestingly, H 2S acts in synergy with CO in the pathogenesis of recurrent FS (75) Table 1.1 Experimental evidence for the role of H2 S in CNS diseases Diseases Evidences Reference ... among neuroscientists Great progress has been made in elucidating its effects in CNS diseases and findings suggest that, like another gaseous transmitter NO, H 2S plays important roles in the development...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:18

... whereas in cells of healthy brains, they are found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus This suggests a role of N-CoR delocalisation in the pathogenesis of Huntington s disease (59) A similar observation ... enzyme-that assists in the folding and assembly of these proteins and prevents protein aggregation by associating with them (114) Foldases catalyse the folding of the proteins GRP78 is an ER resident ... correlation exists between different isoforms and the prognosis of the disease remains controversial; some investigators concluded that the short form of transcripts to predict shorter disease free survival...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:11

... lane 4), therefore confirming the interaction of these two proteins previously observed biochemically [37] or using a yeast two-hybrid assay [39] Interestingly, in the M2H system, the interaction ... Movies are presented at ten frames per second, representing a speed increase of ·40 Statistical analysis was performed using the graphpad prism, version (GraphPad Software, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) ... with GRASP55 We next sought to define the nature of the GRASP55 binding site in the MT1-MMP ICD pACT plasmids driving the expression of MT1-MMP ICDs containing single-, double- and triple-point mutations...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... constituent of senile plaques of different disease origin [27] In the current study the ability of stefin B to bind copper was assessed We used isothermal titration Copper binds to cystatin B calorimetry ... 58 As histidine residues are central to copper binding in many proteins they probably form part of the copper binding sites in this protein Although there are four histidines in the C-terminal, ... Abnormal distribution of cathepsin proteinases and endogenous inhibitors (cystatins) in the hippocampus of patients with Alzheimer s disease, parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam, and senile dementia...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20