cutting issues in information and

... Science and Society Issues: Summary of Discussion Norman Neureiter 14 THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING IN DEVELOPMENT Women in Academic Science and Engineering in the United States: Challenges and ... establishment, and they are often the source of the most current scientific information, information that is increasingly important for policy decisions Communicating that information in an effective and ... recommendations found in that study The following charge was given to the committee: Review and assess the research on gender issues in science and engineering, including innate differences in cognition,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 11:20

... de-simplifying in its commitment to “un-blackboxing” phenomena, understanding mechanisms, and delineating reciprocal in uences; and normative in its commitment to understanding the ethics and values ... categories and dichotomies, and its attention to places, practices, and things STS has become an interdisciplinary field that is creating an integrative understanding of the origins, dynamics, and consequences ... the one side and cooptation and loss of prestige and resources on the other Through three decades of interdisciplinary interaction and integration, shifting intellectual continents and cataclysmic...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:31

... participation in decision-making in science, technology, and medicine Steven Epstein’s study of the role of AIDS activists in challenging the norms and procedures of clinical trials remains a crucial point ... education (in Conant’s On Understanding Science [1951] and in Collins and Pinch’s The Golem [1996]), which suggests that public understanding of science should be oriented not to knowing scientific ... institutionalization—becoming familiar, black-boxing novelty in instruments, tuning, standardizing, getting used to a state of affairs, and so on; (6) direct perception is the end and not the beginning of the process of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:22

... imaging and body-altering technologies have been enrolled in amplifying the medical gaze and in imagining the body as gendered, and raced, in familiar ways Feminist research on biomedical imaging ... Bowker, Geoffrey C (1994) Information Mythology and Infrastructure,” in L Bud-Frierman (ed), Information Acumen: The Understanding and Use of Knowledge in Modern Business (London: Routledge): ... Knowing: Gender and the Thinking Machine (1998), N Katherine Hayles’s How We Became Posthuman (1999), and Sarah Kember’s Cyberfeminism and Artificial Life (2003), which examine the emergence of information...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:22

... and situation rather than in universal knowledge, in production and intervention rather than representation, and in science as a mode of working and doing things in and to the world rather than ... conversations and private reflection Local processes of argument making, in turn, unfold within larger discursive contexts and institutional settings, including funding agencies, interested publics, and ... (eds), Invisible Connections: Instruments, Institutions and Science (Bellingham, WA: SPIE Optical Engineering Press, 1992): 23–56 Schiebinger, Londa (2004) Plants and Empire: Colonial Bioprospecting...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:22

... is a starting point for studying the cultural embeddedness of the practices of the making and handling of visual representations and of the shaping, distributing, applying, and embodying of scientific ... world In other words, examining production means studying images as artifacts; examining engagement means analyzing the role of images as instruments in science; and examining deployment stands ... examining scientific reasoning as it takes place, in vivo, in weekly lab meetings in major molecular biology and immunology labs in the United States, Canada, and Italy In addition to tape recording...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... “STM Information on the Web and the Development of New Internet R&D Databases and Indicators,” in Proceedings Online Information Meeting 98, London, Learned Information 1998: 239–43 Almind, T & Ingwersen, ... of information, labor, and its material forms in digital practices and tools is, we think, an interesting emerging line of work in the history and sociology of science (Lenoir, 1997, 2002; Rheinberger, ... Fluids: Anaemia and Social Topology,” Social Studies of Science 24: 641–72 Müller-Wille, Staffan (2003) “Joining Lapland and the Topinambes in Flourishing Holland: Center and Periphery in Linnaean Botany,”...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... local economy,” spinning off entrepreneurial companies, transferring technology, and creating high-paid, high-tax jobs, all support the increasing in uence of science and engineering in the contemporary ... Advancement of Women and Minorities in Science, Engineering and Technology Development (2000) Land of Plenty: Diversity as America’s Competitive Edge in Science, Engineering and Technology Commission ... increase and timing of the status change is not always clear, as in the case of the recent increase in the participation of women in veterinary science in Sweden INCREASING PARTICIPATION/CONTINUED...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... participating in these collectives are defining themselves in an expanding variety of ways—indeed, there is probably a complex interaction between the spread of analytical categories, on the one hand, and ... formation and maintenance of patient groups, there has been a parallel interest in obtaining and analyzing various forms of on-line data While mostly this research has consisted of on-line ethnographic ... free information in the public domain, including scientific journal articles), conflicts have developed between copyright holders, especially media and publishing companies, on the one side and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... actors and groups including engineers and nonengineers.12 Using the notion of sociotechnical system, engineers are framed as critical nodes in networks of people and things that in uence and are in uenced ... studies, and theories developed in STS can play an important role in expanding the scope and insights of engineering ethics STS opens up new ways to understand the processes of engineering and the ... scholars in the field are beginning to think about the ethical implications of engineering through new lenses and in new places Topics such as the public understanding of engineering and the value-laden...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... technological innovation In these initiatives, STS is clearly being put into action and, in doing so, is opening up the domain of participatory and deliberative methods as a new site for STS research and ... ability to innovate, and that good products win out in the end, no matter what the industry structure In any event, defenders could point to the increasing resort to cross-licensing and joint ventures ... complex information, are likely to be essential in both mundane and specialist domains.21 Low Information Rationality and the Miserly Citizen If heuristics provide a way of simplifying complex information, ...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... appeared, while the index catalogs 49 pieces in 1994 and 57 in 2004 The main interest in universities in this literature (and the closely related management of innovation and knowledge management ... reflected a growing interest in IP generated from rapidly increasing federal research support following World War II and also facilitated the explosive growth of university patenting emerging in the late ... focused on teaching and instruction, it grounded that instruction in the agricultural and productive enterprises of the time and paved the way for a series of supporting acts International in uences...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... “Developing of International Competitiveness in Industries and Individual Firms in Developing Countries: The Case of the Chilean Forest- Based Industry and the Chilean Engineering Firm Arze, Recine and ... to the law’s Making Order: Law and Science in Action 781 magisterial role in constructing and maintaining justice, legitimacy, and constitutional order and, of course, in holding at bay the disruptive ... role in the concept of the innovation system The life process of an innovation system is learning, which involves accessing, accumulating, and applying knowledge (single-loop learning), reacting...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... Similarly, practices involved in categorizing pathologies, handling data, establishing testing or treatment protocols, and determining where patients will be treated (and by whom) are all linked to assumptions ... for cancer The coordinating and negotiating activities that take place across disciplines and domains have become a key to understanding innovation and knowledge production In her work on cancer ... interpretation tools to aid in classifying ailments and rationalizing variant and costly practices, they function in multiple roles, including reordering work patterns in the clinic, changing the content...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... the existing networks of relationships, and, above all perhaps, to established ways of gathering and processing information Instead of being perceived as reducing informational uncertainties, ... processes as determined by information on the one hand, and the formal processing of random signals in order to identify determined patterns on the other, led to conceptualizing information as additive ... Banking and Finance (Chicago: Irwin) Zaloom, Caitlin (2003) “Ambiguous Numbers: Trading Technologies and Interpretation in Financial Markets,” American Ethnologist 30(2): 258–72 Zaloom, Caitlin...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... over 40 journal and proceedings articles, book chapters, and other works related to new media and information society issues Her current projects include Media and Meaning: Understanding Communication, ... acknowledging the prominence and persistence of the abstract singular term resulting from a combination of advances in instruments and research communities (Mody, 2006) and political agendas and alliances ... forecasting and predictive modeling figure prominently in roadmapping exercises and also address powerful industrial and governmental actors’ need for limiting uncertainty (Bunger, forthcoming) The...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... 326, 334–335 information and media reform movements, 485–486 information concept in SSF, 903 information infrastructures, 122 information technology industry, 698 See also media and information ... geographic patterns in knowledge construction, 355–359 introduction, 353–355 in legitimizing knowledge, 359–360 in materializing science, 359–365 scientific inquiry and, 369 training and, 379–380 truth ... in decision-making, 75–77 depoliticization of, 76 formal initiatives promoting, 457–459 home diagnostic testing, 852–853 in uence on policy formulation in determining science policy and funding,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:23

... biogas in Brazil Biomass and Bioenergy 2009; 33 (9) 1101- 1107 Richard Arthur had both his MSc (Mechanical Engineering – Thermofluids and Energy Systems) and his BSc (Chemical Engineering) from ... rural areas and related technoeconomic analysis, and policy studies including analysis of energy access in developing countries E-mail address: abeeku@brewhammond.com ISSN 2076-2895 (Print), ISSN ... estimated using equation (2) (2) ISSN 2076-2895 (Print), ISSN 2076-2909 (Online) ©2010 International Energy & Environment Foundation All rights reserved International Journal of Energy and Environment...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11