conformers tautomers plastic crystals and ionic liquids

... for Ionic Liquid Anions Abbreviations for Ammonium Ionic Liquids Other Abbreviations 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Ionic Liquids, Water, and Proteins 2.2.1 Ionic Nature of Ionic Liquids 2.2.2 Protic and ... Aprotic Ionic Liquids 2.2.3 Water Present in the Ionic Liquids 2.2.4 Interactions of Water and Ionic Liquids with Proteins 2.2.4.1 Effect of Water and Water Activity 2.2.4.2 Effect of Ionic Liquids ... Water-in -Ionic Liquid Microemulsion Systems 2.6 Proper Selection of Ionic Liquids for Biocatalysis 2.6.1 Amino Acid Ionic Liquids 2.6.2 Ammonium and Phosphonium Ionic Liquids 2.6.3 Design of Ionic Liquids...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... Burguete, Andreu Andrio, Sergio Mollỏ and Vicente Compan Chapter Ionic Liquids for the Electric Double Layer Capacitor Applications 109 Takaya Sato, Shoko Marukane and Takashi Morinaga Chapter Ionic ... Containing Ionic Liquids 213 Marcin Masowski and Marian Zaborski Part Nanomaterials and Metals 233 Chapter 12 Concepts for the Stabilization of Metal Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids 235 Alexander Kraynov ... Kraynov and Thomas E Mỹller Chapter 13 Studies Regarding the Nickel Electrodeposition from Choline Chloride Based Ionic Liquids 261 Liana Anicai, Andreea Florea and Teodor Visan Chapter 14 Ionic Liquids...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... of Ionic Liquids 1,2,3-Triazolium Salts as a Versatile New Class of Ionic Liquids Zekarias Yacob and Jürgen Liebscher Chapter Thiazolium and Benzothiazolium Ionic Liquids Munawar Ali Munawar and ... 1,2,3-triazolium salts as ionic liquids and ionic liquid tags for organocatalysts Fig General structure of common ionic liquids Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazolium ionic liquids The syntheses of 1,2,3-triazolium ... Hardacre, C “Catalysis in Ionic Liquids. ” Chem Rev 2007, 107, 2615-2665 Part Classes of Ionic Liquids 1,2,3-Triazolium Salts as a Versatile New Class of Ionic Liquids Zekarias Yacob and Jürgen Liebscher...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... ATRP and RAFT, ionic liquids facilitate separation of the polymer from residual catalyst and reduce the extent of side-reactions 4 Ionic Liquids: Applications and Perspectives The use of ionic liquids ... in Ionic Liquids Hidetaka Noritomi Chapter 23 Perdeuterated Pyridinium Ionic Liquids for Direct Biomass Dissolution and Characterization Nan Jiang and Arthur J Ragauskas Chapter 24 Ionic Liquids ... ionic liquids: synthesis and applications Recently, much attention has been paid to polymerized ionic liquids or polymeric ionic liquids, which are macromolecules obtained from polymerizing ionic...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 13:20

... Eutectic Ionic Liquids 16 reserved for ionic melts with melting points below room temperature ILs form liquids that consist only of cations and anions ILs are usually characterised by a reasonable ionic ... Ionic liquids Clean Prod Proc., 1, 223– 237 Welton, T (1999) Room-temperature ionic liquids: Solvents for synthesis and catalysis Chem Rev., 99, 2071–2084 Wasserscheid, P & Welton, T (2003) Ionic ... non-volatile, and ILs are highly polar, miscible with certain organic solvents and/ or water, and have good solubility with organic and inorganic materials They are also chemically inert, reusable and can...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... 1.1 Development of Ionic Liquids 1.2 Structures of Ionic Liquids .2 1.3 Physical and Chemical Properties of Ionic Liquids 1.4 Applications of Ionic Liquids 1.4.1 ... configurations and binding energies (kJmol-1) of [BMIM]+ with [SCN], [N(CN)2], [C(CN)3], and (d) [B(CN)4] 133 xvii Abbreviations ILs Ionic liquids RTILs Room temperature ionic liquids ... Cellulose Dissolution in Ionic Liquids 41 4.1 Introduction 41 4.2 Simulation Models and Methods 42 4.2.1 Cellulose Crystal .42 4.2.2 Ionic Liquids 44 4.2.3...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:17

... everyday support and understanding throughout these years To my grandma, Zaman, grandpa, Mahdi, mum and dad, Maliheh and Mohammad, Hamed’s parents, Soheila and Hassan, my brothers and their families, ... Sensing and Detection 63  1.4  Designer Emulsions 66  1.5  Designer Fluids - Ionic Liquids (ILs) 70  1.5.1  History 72  1.5.2  Applications of Ionic Liquids ... This thesis exploits salient features of ionic liquids as designer liquids and develops droplet-based microfluidic methods for biphasic chemical separations and analysis by controlled formation of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:08

... based ionic liquids (ILs) and methods development, optimization and applications of these materials in capillary electrophoresis (CE) A series of ILs were synthesized with different methods and ... also developed and coupled with the CE method in the analysis of a local surface water sample for residual herbicides xi Chapter CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Ionic liquids The ionic liquids (ILs) ... 4.5.2 Results and discussion ………………………………………………… 117 4.6 Summary ……………………………………………………………… 128 References ………………………………………………………………………… 131 CHAPTER IONIC LIQUIDS AS BACKGROUND ELECTROLYTE AND COATING...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:19

... 1/20/2011 10:26:43 AM 16 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF IONIC LIQUIDS Superionic glasses Good ionic liquids Superionic liquids log(Λ / Scm2mol-1) -1 Poor ionic liquids MOENM2E-BF4 -2 High vapor pressures ... couplings and decouplings that can be encountered in ionic liquid media, we have used it as a basis for ionic liquid classification We divide ionic liquids into ideal, “subionic” (or “poor” ionic) liquids, ... of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University flast02.indd xvii 1/20/2011 10:29:14 AM IMPORTANCE AND POSSIBILITY OF IONIC LIQUIDS Hiroyuki Ohno 1.1 IONIC LIQUIDS Ionic liquids are salts...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... Brứnsted Ionic Liquids: Synthesis, Thermodinamics and Catalytic Activity in Aldol Condensation Reactions 365 I Cota, R Gonzalez-Olmos, M Iglesias and F Medina Chapter 16 Protic and Nonprotic Ionic Liquids ... Dynamics, Inter actions, and Solvation in Ionic Liquids Acc Chem Res., 40, 1217-1227 [4] Weingaertner, H (2007) Understanding ionic liquids at the molecular level: facts, problems, and controversies ... Ionic Liquids. Special Issue on Physical Chemistry of Ionic Liquids Special Issue on Physical Chemistry of Ionic Liquids J Phys Chem B, 111(18) [8] Ohno, H., & Fukumoto, K (2008) Progress in ionic...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20

... Commercial Use of Ionic Liquids 681 How Pure are Ionic Liquids? 681 Is the Color of Ionic Liquids a Problem? 682 How Stable are Ionic Liquids? 682 Are Ionic Liquids Toxic? 683 Are Ionic Liquids Green? ... Lipases in Ionic Liquids 644 Lipases in Ionic Liquids 651 Stability and Solubility of Enzymes in Ionic Liquids 655 Special Techniques for Biocatalysis with Ionic Liquids 657 Conclusions and Outlook ... 36 Health, Safety and Environment 37 Corrosion Behavior of Ionic Liquids 41 Recycling of Ionic Liquids 42 Future Price of Ionic Liquids 43 Synthesis of Task-specific Ionic Liquids 45 James H...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:36

... catalyst in ionic liquids 220 The Role of the Ionic Liquid 220 The ionic liquid as “innocent” solvent 221 Ionic liquid as solvent and co-catalyst 221 Ionic liquid as solvent and ligand/ligand precursor ... Viscosity and Density of Ionic Liquids 56 Viscosity of Ionic Liquids 56 Viscosity measurement methods 56 Ionic liquid viscosities 59 Density of Ionic Liquids 65 Density measurement 66 Ionic liquid ... of the fathers of ionic liquids) , the volume describes the synthesis and purification of ionic liquids (the latter being crucially important), and the nature of ionic liquids and their physical...

Ngày tải lên: 09/05/2014, 17:05

Ngày tải lên: 13/05/2014, 09:34

... cyclic plasticity and/ or for steep or small notches requiring a very short gauge length For finite element analysis, many factors such as the type and size of elements used and the type of elasto -plastic ... underpredict notch root stress and overpredict notch root strain for both notched round bars and flat plates and under both monotonic and cyclic loading conditions Notch root stress and strain predictions ... Notch root stresses and strains were calculated by employing the linear rule, Neuber’s rule and Glinka’s rule under both monotonic and cyclic loads and were compared with elastic plastic finite element...

Ngày tải lên: 24/05/2014, 20:28

... about Ionic Liquids (ILs) in Green Chemistry Prepared: Huynh Thanh Dien Ionic Liquids in Green Chemistry    What are Ionic liquids (ILs)? Why consider of ILs? The characteristic properties of ionic ... What are ionic liquids? Ionic liquids are salts that are liquid at low temperature (

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 23:50

... lift-up soft lithography (I) and lCP (II) of colloidal crystals 123 50 Nanoscale Res Lett (2006) 1:46–56 Fig (I, II) SEM images of 2D and 3D patterned colloidal crystals fabricated by lift-up ... the patterned 2D colloidal crystals formed on planar and non-planar substrates Our method is versatile not only for patterning colloidal crystals on both the planar and non-planar substrates, ... provides a simple and flexible route for creating microlens arrays [56, 58] and adjustable templates for the systematic study of the epitaxial growth of 3D colloidal crystals [59, 60], and for the fabrication...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... “Complete Dissolution and Partial Delignifi cation of Wood in the Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate,”Green Chemistry 11, pp 646–655 (2009) 4-Lee, S H., cộng sự, Ionic LiquidMediated ... Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 102, pp 1368–1376 (2009) 5-Dadi, A P., cộng sự, “Mitigation of Cellulose Recalcitrance to Enzymatic Hydrolysis by Ionic Liquid Pretreatment,” Applied Biochemistry and ... Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 42 (19), pp 4269–4276 (2003) 2-Larsson, S.,và cộng sự, “The Generation of Fermentation Inhibitors during Dilute Acid Hydrolysis of Softwood,” Enzyme and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 12:21

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 12:21

... “Complete Dissolution and Partial Delignifi cation of Wood in the Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate,”Green Chemistry 11, pp 646–655 (2009) 4-Lee, S H., cộng sự, Ionic LiquidMediated ... Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 102, pp 1368–1376 (2009) 5-Dadi, A P., cộng sự, “Mitigation of Cellulose Recalcitrance to Enzymatic Hydrolysis by Ionic Liquid Pretreatment,” Applied Biochemistry and ... Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 42 (19), pp 4269–4276 (2003) 2-Larsson, S.,và cộng sự, “The Generation of Fermentation Inhibitors during Dilute Acid Hydrolysis of Softwood,” Enzyme and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/11/2014, 12:58