complexity of inflectional morphology

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... to decide whether every element of Q(β) ∩(0, 1) has an eventually periodic β-expansion. 5. Proofs of Theorems 1 to 4 We begin by a short proof of Theorem 2. Proof of Theorem 2. Let a =(a k ) k≥1 be ... [21] proposed an alternative approach for the notion of complexity of real numbers, by emphasizing the quantitative aspect of the notion of calculability introduced by Turing [42]. According ... ADAMCZEWSKI AND YANN BUGEAUD examples of transcendental numbers with low complexity [3], [6], [4], [34]. It also implies that the complexity of the b-ary expansion of every irrational al- gebraic number...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 06:20

... The length of a string w is noted |w|, and the number of occurrence of a symbol a in w is noted |w| a . A language is formalized as a subset of Σ ∗ . Let N n denote the set of vectors of positive ... the complexity of decisions problems for MLIGs (Demri et al., 2009; Lazi ´ c, 2010). We survey the current state of affairs, with a particular emphasis on two points: 1. the applicability of complexity ... occurrence of each S → aS, S → bS, and S → cS, which corresponds exactly to the MLIG of Example 2. The ease of translation from the grammar of Figure 4 into a MLIG stems from the impossi- bility of splitting...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 18/08/2013, 04:10

... BECAUSE OF – IN SPITE OF/ DESPITE I. Adverb Phrase of Reason: Because of Ex: - I can’t go to school yesterday because I am sick.  I can’t go to school because of my sickness. - ... because he got up late.  Because of getting up late, Nam missed the bus.  Because of + Noun/ Noun Phrase (reason) II. Adverb Phrase of Concession: Inspite of/ Despite Ex: - The woman tries ... concert because of the taxi. C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert. D. Although Bill took a taxi, he can’t come to the concert in time. 4. In spite of his suffering...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 10:15

... form of CREB was observed at 4 h of LPS treatment. Such facts suggest an optimal association of transcription factors at the site of transcription of IL-1a and IL-6 by LPS. The activation of transcription ... multifactorial nature of V. cholerae infection. Differential activation of transcription factors NF-jB and CREB by CT, LPS and a ctxA mutant of V. cholerae The NF-jB family of transcription factors ... The frac- tionation of V. cholerae culture supernatant followed by the induction of epithelial cells with each of these fractions could identify the probable combination of V. cholerae factors...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... phrase lengths are typically between one and four words (this was true of over 95% of individuals, over 90% of classes, and over 98% of properties), as in the following random selections: Individuals: ... patterns was con- firmed by an analysis of argument struc- ture for the OWL functors (e.g., SubClassOf, IntersectionOf) that take classes as arguments. Overall, 85% of arguments were atomic terms rather ... argue that its success depends on assumptions about the complexity of terms and axioms in the ontology. We then show, through analysis of a corpus of ontologies, that al- though these assumptions could...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... are due to different packing of the protein chains in crystallo. A comparison of the X-ray structures revealed, however, that the structures of the HC and of b 2 m of the two subtypes appear nearly ... conformational flexibility of the B*2705 HC in comparison to that of B*2709 found also in case of pVIPR-U5 (see IR results, Fig. 2) must be regarded as an intrinsic property of the HC of the two subtypes ... ⁄ 13 C-b 2 m:pVIPR-U5) of the second derivatives at 15 °C (black trace) and at 90 °C (red trace). (F) IR difference spectra of the second derivatives of experiments with two independent preparations of each...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:21

... models of ischemic stroke [87,99,100]. The mechanisms of brain damage involve gelatinase- mediated disruption of the BBB integrity, of edema and hemorrhagic transformation, as well as of white matter ... stages of injury by overactivation of neuronal NOS and de novo expression of iNOS contributes to ischemic tissue injury [75]. Despite substantial evidence underlying the deleterious role of iNOS-derived ... emphasized the role of MMPs and their endoge- nous inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of matrix metallopro- teinases) in the regulation of neuronal cell death through the modulation of excitotoxicity...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... Medicine, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. 3 Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health ... College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Kampala, Uganda 2 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda Full list of author ... with an estimated incidence of 402 cases per 100,000 individuals [3]. Kampala, the capital of Uganda has approx. 2 million inhabitants and accounts for approx. 30% of the nation’s TB burden [4]. Accurate...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 03:20

... reflect the agglomerated knowledge of all market partici- pants, not just the views of a small number of economists. By contrast, the main drawback of our model is its complexity break-even infla- tion ... prices of bonds at various maturities. This is, however, a lot of information to extract from a limited amount of data. Adding fore- cast data helps to better anchor the model estimates of inflation expectations ... entries of the K matrix, which drives the inflation law of motion as defined by equations (2)–(4). The first diagonal entry of K is 0.19, which in a single-factor model would imply a half-life of the...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 07:20

... mutations are at the N-termi- nus of the NS3 helicase, in two distinct positions of NS4B, in the centre of NS5A and in the C-terminal region of NS5B [3–6]. The significance of these muta- tions has been ... largely punctuated by the development of original models of research. At the end of the 1980s, the chimpanzee model led to cloning of the viral genome and the definition of infectious molecular clones. ... clone of HCV A major breakthrough has been achieved in the in vitro modelling of HCV propagation with the development of a cellular clone of HCV (HCVcc). This system is based on the utilization of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... rep- resentations of this relation are word alignments between sentences that are translations of each other. The complexity of a given word alignment can be measured by the difficulty of decomposing it ... ne. pas). To elim- inate this source of complexity of translational equivalence, we used English/English bitexts. We are not aware of any previous studies of word alignments in monolingual bitexts. Even ... paper presented evidence of phenomena that can lead to complex patterns of translational equivalence in bitexts of any language pair. There were surprisingly many examples of such patterns that...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... result of the application of that metarule. This maximal set is called the finite closure (FC) of a set R of lexical ID rules under a set M of metarules. The cleanest possible complexity proof ... finite closure of a set of metarules M on a set of ID rules R. The category membership problem is to determine if a category or C or a legal extension of C is in the set K of all categories ... of categories, FCRs are a language-particular component of the grammar. The vast number of categories cited above is inherent in the GPSG framework. SOur goal is to identify sources of complexity...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 20:20

... problem of gen- erating free -of- false-implicatures referring expres- sions, such as utterance (la). Reiter (1990a,b) uses the same preference rules to formalize the task of generating free -of- ... length(B). The task of finding a maximal element of >>FB, i.e., of finding the shortest success- ful referring expression, is NP-Hard. This result holds for all definitions of length the author ... for all definitions of length the author has examined (number of open-class words, number of words, number of characters, number of com- ponents). To prove this, let Target-Components denote...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 20:20

... type of sigma-point filter. Sigma-point filters deal with non-linearities in the following manner: • First, a set of points around the forecast of the state is generated. The distribution of these ... on the variance of the forecast of the state. • The measurement equations (functions H1(x t ) and H2(x t )) are used to calculate a set of forecast observation points. This set of points is used ... mean and variance of the data forecasts. • The mean and variance of the data forecasts are then used to update the estimates of the state and its variance. The algorithm we use is that of an additive...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20