a structured model for joint learning

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 21:20

... generalization steps Figure 2: Example of a simple grammar lattice. All grammars generate , and only generates ( is a common lexicon for all the grammars) 3 A Grammar Lattice as a Search Space for ... USA rambow@cs.columbia.edu Abstract We propose a new language learning model that learns a syntactic-semantic grammar from a small number of natural language strings annotated with their semantics, ... 832–839, Prague, Czech Republic, June 2007. c 2007 Association for Computational Linguistics Grammar Approximation by Representative Sublanguage: A New Model for Language Learning Smaranda Muresan Institute...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... annotations. 890 UNIGRAM CASE− UNIGRAM CASE− CASE− LINK CASE− LINK CASE− LINK CASE− LINK CASE 6,gen CASE 3,gen CASE 3,nom 3,acc CASE UNIGRAM CASE− UNIGRAM CASE− UNIGRAM CASE− CASE 2, CASE LINK CASE 6,acc CASE− BIGRAM CASE− BIGRAM TREE WORD− LINK WORD LINK CASE ... neighboring variables are 4 Variables for link labels can be integrated in a straightfor- ward manner, if desired. true and it evaluates to a non-negative real num- ber; otherwise, it evaluates to 1 and ... pipeline parser. For adjectives, the ex- ample shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 is a typical sce- nario, where an accusative adjective was tagged as nominative, and was then misanalyzed by the parser as...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... recall, and F-measure (F1) to evaluate performance. The two subtasks, tag-set prediction and lemmatization are also evaluated in this way. Table 1 shows the correct tag-sets and lemmas for each ... performance on complementary tasks. In EMNLP. Erwin Marsi Antal van den Bosch and Abdelhadi Soudi. 2007. Memory-based morphological analysis and part- of-speech tagging of arabic. In Abdelhadi ... The CELEX lexical database. Antal Van Den Bosch and Walter Daelemans. 1999. Memory-based morphological analysis. In Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Association for Compu- tational Linguistics. Alexander...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 01:20

... propose a cascaded linear model for joint Chinese word segmentation and part- of-speech tagging. With a character-based perceptron as the core, combined with real- valued features such as language models, ... ap- proach of discriminative models treats segmentation as a labelling problem by assigning each character a boundary tag (Xue and Shen, 2003), Joint S&T can be conducted in a labelling fashion ... at the same time, we expand boundary tags to include POS information by attaching a POS to the tail of a boundary tag as a postfix following Ng and Low (2004). As each tag is now composed of a...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... information for each character. Each character can be assigned one of two possi- ble boundary tags: “B” for a character that begins a word and “I” for a character that occurs in the mid- dle of a word. ... representa- tion (Ramshaw and Marcus, 1995) and the Start/End representation (Kudo and Matsumoto, 2001) are popular. For example, the label B-NN indicates that a character is located at the begging of a noun. ... on Nat- ural Language Learning at HLT-NAACL 2003, pages 200–203. Nianwen Xue, Fei Xia, Fu-Dong Chiou, and Martha Palmer. 2005. The penn chinese treebank: Phrase structure annotation of a large...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... and content of a Compliance Folder and a Declaration of Conformity. – Guidance on market surveillance methods that a government should consider.  Conform to administrative and international ... SDoC. – Example; Publicly available documents, WEB, Publications, seminars, etc.  Establishes the appropriate market surveillance system to assure protection for health and safety. – Example; audits ... Toward One Standard- One Test, SDoC for IT Products Information Technology Industry Council (US) … An ITI principal for many years but articulated in this form since July 1997 Trans-Atlantic...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 02:20

... uses Hidden Markov Models (Nabende, 2010; Darwish, 2010; Jiampojamarn et al., 2010), Finite State Au- tomata (Noeman and Madkour, 2010) and Bayesian learning (Kahki et al., 2011) to learn transliteration pairs ... system learns this as a non-transliteration but it is wrongly annotated as a transliteration in the gold standard. Arabic nouns have an article “al” attached to them which is translated in English as ... International Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’10), Val- letta, Malta. Sittichai Jiampojamarn, Kenneth Dwyer, Shane Bergsma, Aditya Bhargava, Qing Dou, Mi-Young Kim, and Grzegorz Kondrak....

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... Association for Computational Linguis- tics Annual Meeting (HLT-NAACL), pages 104–111. Daniel Marcu and William Wong. 2002. A phrase-based, joint probability model for statistical machine transla- tion. ... 2011. c 2011 Association for Computational Linguistics An Unsupervised Model for Joint Phrase Alignment and Extraction Graham Neubig 1,2 Taro Watanabe 2 , Eiichiro Sumita 2 , Shinsuke Mori 1 , Tatsuya Kawahara 1 1 Graduate ... Statistical Machine Translation, pages 112–119. David Newman, Arthur Asuncion, Padhraic Smyth, and Max Welling. 2009. Distributed algorithms for topic models. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 10:1801–1828. Franz...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... day 30 displayed an airway inflammation 18 h after treatment, in the same magni- tude as in animals challenged with a third HDM aero- sol on day 30 (data not shown). The animals were killed after ... using a PhosphorImager with the image quant software (both from Molecular Dynamics, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). As standards for SDS ⁄ PAGE autoradiography, 75 Se-labelled recombinant rat TrxR1 [41] and ... dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae augments proinflammatory mediator productions and accessory function of alveolar macrophages: implica- tions for allergic sensitization and inflammation. J Immunol...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... query expansion (Macdonald and Ounis, 2007), hierarchical lan- guage model (Petkova and Croft, 2006), and for- mal model generation (Balog et al., 2006; Fang et al., 2006). However, all of them ... behind the quadruple is that a query may be matched with phrases in various forms (denoted as topic here) and an expert candidate may appear with various name masks (denoted as person here), ... Alias, new email (N AE ) 7% / 0.4600 Ritiwari rti- wari@hotmail.com Table 1. Various masks and their ambiguity 1) Every occurrence of a candidate’s email address is normalized to the appropriate...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... of all possible language/feature pairs are known. A sample of five languages and six features from the database are shown in Table 1. Importantly, the density of samples is not random. For certain ... Furthermore, some features are known for many languages. This is due to the fact that certain features take less effort to identify than others. Identifying, for instance, if a language has a particular set ... them are Indo-European and the other half are Austronesian. We will use a nearly identical model to the FLAT model, but instead of having a single m variable, we have three: one for IE, one for Austronesian...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... for a rule-based model. Our models handle the defeasibility of these correlations probabilistically, as is standard for machine learning for natural language processing. 899 2 Discourse modes and ... verb HASMODAL T if clause contains modal verb FREQADV T if clause contains frequency adverb MODALADV T if clause contains modal adverb VOLADV T if clause contains volitional adverb FIRSTVB lexical ... a derived situation type. For example, a modal adverb can trigger aspectual coercion: (6) Mickey probably paints houses. (P) Serious challenges for SE classification arise from the aspectual ambiguity...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... takattab tukuttib 6 takaatab tukuutib 7 nkatab nkutib 8 ktatab ktutib 9 ktabab 10 staktab stuktib 11 ktaabab 12 ktawtab 13 ktawwab 14 ktanbab 15 ktanbay Q1 dahraj duhrij Q2 tadahraj ... Forms kadi~ kud~, *kidaa~ kaafil kuffal, *kufalaa~, *kuffaal kaffil kufalaaP sahm *Pashaam, suhuum, Pashum Patterns marked with * are morphologically plausi- ble, but do not occur lexically ... error is that conso- nant substitution may not take place before append- ing a suffix. For example/samaaP/'heaven' + {iyy) 'relative adjective' surfaces as (samaawiyy), where...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... this research has similar goals, it typically builds on information or resources unavailable for ancient texts, such as comparable corpora, a seed lexi- con, and cognate information (Fung and McKe- own, ... tasks: (i) Learning alphabetic mappings, (ii) translating cognates, (iii) identifying cognates, and (iv) morphological segmentation. As a baseline for the first three of these tasks (learning alphabetic ... 2010. c 2010 Association for Computational Linguistics A Statistical Model for Lost Language Decipherment Benjamin Snyder and Regina Barzilay CSAIL Massachusetts Institute of Technology {bsnyder,regina}@csail.mit.edu Kevin...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... Chinese Word Segmentation and POS Tagging Canasai Kruengkrai †‡ and Kiyotaka Uchimoto ‡ and Jun’ichi Kazama ‡ Yiou Wang ‡ and Kentaro Torisawa ‡ and Hitoshi Isahara †‡ † Graduate School of Engineering, ... dictionary, have regular POS tags. Character-level nodes have spe- cial tags where position-of-character (POC) and POS tags are combined (Asahara, 2003; Naka- gawa, 2004). POC tags indicate the ... Thesis. Masaki Nagata. 1994. A stochastic japanese mor- phological analyzer using a forward-DP backward- A* n-best search algorithm. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 01:20

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Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 14:20