... systemlearns this as a non-transliteration but it is wronglyannotated as a transliteration in the gold standard.Arabic nouns have an article “al” attached to themwhich is translated in English as ... usesHidden Markov Models (Nabende, 2010; Darwish,2010; Jiampojamarn et al., 2010), Finite State Au-tomata (Noeman and Madkour, 2010) and Bayesianlearning (Kahki et al., 2011) to learn transliterationpairs ... InternationalLanguage Resources and Evaluation (LREC’10), Val-letta, Malta.Sittichai Jiampojamarn, Kenneth Dwyer, Shane Bergsma,Aditya Bhargava, Qing Dou, Mi-Young Kim, andGrzegorz Kondrak....
... thickness;Phenomenex, Aschaffenburg, Germany). The temperatureprogram used was as follows: 50 °C held isocratically for 5 min, followed by a ramp of 25 °CÆmin)1to a final A novel route for geranial formation A. ... ofcarotenoids.AbbreviationsCCD, carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase; GST, glutathione S-transferase; NIST, National Institute of Standards and Technology; OsCCD1,Oryza sativa carotenoid cleavage ... (1999) Co-oxidation of b-carotenecatalyzed by soybean and recombinant pea lipoxygen-ases. J Agric Food Chem 47, 4899–4906. A. Ilg et al. Anovel route for geranial formationFEBS Journal 276 (2009)...
... availablestructural data of canonical mammalian class IIIa andmycobacterial class IIIc catalytic domains [5,7,9,25]nor do they parallel the findings on the noncanonicalclass IIIc AC Rv1900c [14]. Another novel ... non-conservative manner, glutamine-asparagine instead oflysine-aspartate. All mammalian membrane-boundACs possess a strictly conserved and spaced hexad ofcatalytic residues. Emerging from mostly bacterial ... the canonical transition-state stabilizing aspara-gine does not contact the substrate and mutagenesisshows that it appears not to be involved in catalysis.Furthermore the asparagine-aspartate...
... day 30 displayed an airwayinflammation 18 h after treatment, in the same magni-tude as in animals challenged with a third HDM aero-sol on day 30 (data not shown). The animals werekilled after ... using a PhosphorImager with theimage quant software (both from Molecular Dynamics,Sunnyvale, CA, USA). As standards for SDS ⁄ PAGEautoradiography,75Se-labelled recombinant rat TrxR1 [41]and ... dust mite Dermatophagoides farinaeaugments proinflammatory mediator productions andaccessory function of alveolar macrophages: implica-tions for allergic sensitization and inflammation.J Immunol...
... query expansion (Macdonald and Ounis, 2007), hierarchical lan-guage model (Petkova and Croft, 2006), and for- mal model generation (Balog et al., 2006; Fang et al., 2006). However, all of them ... behind the quadruple is that a query may be matched with phrases in various forms (denoted as topic here) and an expert candidate may appear with various name masks (denoted as person here), ... Alias, new email (NAE) 7% / 0.4600 Ritiwari rti-wari@hotmail.com Table 1. Various masks and their ambiguity 1) Every occurrence of a candidate’s email address is normalized to the appropriate...
... of all possible language/featurepairs are known. A sample of five languages and sixfeatures from the database are shown in Table 1.Importantly, the density of samples is not random. For certain ... Furthermore,some features are known for many languages. Thisis due to the fact that certain features take less effortto identify than others. Identifying, for instance, if a language has a particular set ... them are Indo-European and theother half are Austronesian. We will use a nearlyidentical model to the FLAT model, but instead ofhaving a single m variable, we have three: one for IE, one for Austronesian...
... generalization stepsFigure 2: Example of a simple grammar lattice. All grammars generate , and only generates ( is a common lexicon for all the grammars)3 A Grammar Lattice as a Search Space for ... USArambow@cs.columbia.eduAbstractWe propose a new language learning model that learns a syntactic-semantic grammarfrom a small number of natural languagestrings annotated with their semantics, ... 832–839,Prague, Czech Republic, June 2007.c2007 Association for Computational LinguisticsGrammar Approximation by Representative Sublanguage: A New Modelfor Language LearningSmaranda MuresanInstitute...
... verbHASMODAL T if clause contains modal verbFREQADV T if clause contains frequency adverbMODALADV T if clause contains modal adverbVOLADV T if clause contains volitional adverbFIRSTVB lexical ... fora rule-based model. Ourmodels handle the defeasibility of these correlationsprobabilistically, as is standard for machine learning for natural language processing.8992 Discourse modes and ... a derivedsituation type. For example, a modal adverb cantrigger aspectual coercion:(6) Mickey probably paints houses. (P)Serious challenges for SE classification arise fromthe aspectual ambiguity...
... thisresearch has similar goals, it typically builds oninformation or resources unavailable for ancienttexts, such as comparable corpora, a seed lexi-con, and cognate information (Fung and McKe-own, ... 2010.c2010 Association for Computational Linguistics A Statistical Modelfor Lost Language DeciphermentBenjamin Snyder and Regina BarzilayCSAILMassachusetts Institute of Technology{bsnyder,regina}@csail.mit.eduKevin ... technique for imposing structural sparsity constraints oncharacter-level mappings. We assume that an ac-curate alphabetic mapping between related lan-guages will be sparse in the following way: eachletter...
... annotations.890UNIGRAMCASE−UNIGRAMCASE−CASE−LINKCASE−LINKCASE−LINKCASE−LINKCASE 6,genCASE 3,genCASE 3,nom 3,accCASEUNIGRAMCASE−UNIGRAMCASE−UNIGRAMCASE−CASE 2, CASELINKCASE 6,accCASE−BIGRAMCASE−BIGRAMTREEWORD−LINKWORDLINKCASE ... neighboring variables are4Variables for link labels can be integrated in a straightfor-ward manner, if desired.true and it evaluates to a non-negative real num-ber; otherwise, it evaluates to 1 and ... pipeline parser. For adjectives, the ex-ample shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 is a typical sce-nario, where an accusative adjective was tagged asnominative, and was then misanalyzed by the parseras...
... (P.B. and P.B.) have used Ruta 6 and Ca3(PO4)2combination therapy to treat 15 patients diagnosed withadvanced intracranial malignant brain cancer at the PBHResearch Foundation, Kolkata, ... intracranial brain cancers.The 15 patients (9 male, 6 female) with intracranial braincancers who were treated with Ruta 6 + Ca3(PO4)2at thePBH Research Foundation, Kolkata, India, had ... therodent model. J Agr Food Chem 47: 1078-1082, 1999.16. Afanas'ev IB, Ostrakhovitch EA, Mikhal'chick EV,Ibragimova GA and Korkina LG: Enhancement of antioxidantand anti-inflammatory activities...
... industriale), which was a public holdingcompany containing the three largest private banks (Banca Commerciale Italiana, CreditoItaliano, and Banca di Roma) and a large number of public banks (Körnert ... special status easily.Apart from legal considerations, the main arguments brought forward against the privati-zation of the savings banks are threefold. First, only the savings banks can guarantee ... Modena)Credito Italiano GroupUniCredito SpAPrivatizationCredito ItalianoCredito RomagnoloBanking Group(Emilia Romagna,Bologna), laterRolo Banca 1473Banca CRT(Cassa diRisparmio di Turino)Cariverona(Cassa...
... short chain; Aco1,aconitase 1; Agt), alanine-glyoxylateaminotransferase knockout; Aldh2, aldehydedehydrogenase 2; Car3, carbonic anhydr-ase 3; Cat, catalase; Dao1,D-amino acidoxidase 1; ... Coomassie blueR-250 for preparative gels [11] or silver nitrate for analyti-cal gels [12].Image capture and analysisGels were scanned using a UMAX scanner (AmershamBiosciences, Barcelona, ... Wang X, Santana A, Roy-Chowdhury N, Torres A, Shapiro LJ &Roy-Chowdhury J (2006) Alanine-glyoxylate amino-transferase-deficient mice, amodelfor primaryhyperoxaluria that responds to adenoviral...