a corpus of scopedisambiguated english text

... ~hglish Language at the University of Lancaster, England, to develop a suite of computer programs which provide a detailed grammatical analysis of the LOB corpus, a collection of about 1 million ... Computer Research on the English Language Bowland College, University of Lancaster Bailrigg, Lancaster, England LA1 aYT. ABSTRACT Research has been under way at the Unit for Computer Research on ... tag assignment needed to be modified in the light of the enormous variety and complexity of ordinary sentences in the corpus, and partly to create a databank of manually parsed samples of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... SP, and OM to true and XX to false. All four annotators agreed upon a true label for 46 instances and a false label for 30 instances, with an average pairwise Kappa (computed via NTLK) of 0.74. ... York, NY, USA: ACM. American Psychological Association. 2001. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Anderson, ... 0.74. Kappa between the primary annotator and a hypothetical “majority voter” of the three additional annotators was 0.90. These results were taken as moderate indication of the reliability of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

... Revision Log of Language Learning SNS for Automated Japanese Er- ror Correction of Second Language Learners. Proc. IJCNLP. Ryo Nagata, Edward Whittaker, and Vera Sheinman. 2011. Creating a Manually Error-tagged ... Feedback in Second Language Writing: Contexts and Issues, Ken Hyland and Fiona Hyland (eds). Cambridge Univer- sity Press. Clare Furneaux, Amos Paran, and Beverly Fairfax. 2007. Teacher Stance as ... training of automatic text correction sys- tems (Dale and Kilgarriff, 2011). Less attention has been paid to how a language learner produces a text. Writing is often an iterative and interactive process,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20

... spelling. See BACHELOR . bath or bathe? Use these exemplar sentences as a guide: IhaveaBATH every morning (= I have a wash in the bath). I BATH thebabyeveryday(=washina bath). I have had a new BATH fitted. We ... aq-) acquiescence (not -ance) acquire acquired, acquiring, acquisition (not aq-) acreage Note that there are three syllables here. (not acrage) across (not accross) adapter or adaptor? Traditional usage would ... seen. canoe canoed, canoeing, canoeist See ADDING ENDINGS (ii) . canon See CANNON OR CANON? . can’t Contraction of CANNOT. canvas or canvass? CANVAS is a rough cloth. To CANVASS is to ask for...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2012, 09:46

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2012, 09:53

... Crusoe’s way. He taught Friday English but did learn any of Friday’s language. Crusoe didn’t point to a goat and say: “this is a goat” and then signal to Friday to say what it was called in his language. ... way he treated Friday. The first English word he taught Friday, apart from Friday’s own name, was “ Master”. In the eyes of Robinson Crusoe, a man of such races as the cannibals was certainly ... same-named novel by Daniel Defoe became typical form of people at that time. 4 Friday. Robinson, by his understanding and reasoning, tried to teach Friday a great deal of the power of God and...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2012, 12:02

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:23

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:24

... appendix 1- task 3) D, Vocabulary Learning. Active vocabulary learning is an activity that is seldom paid any attention in most language classrooms. It is here that songs can be of great help. ... is hardly any change in the standard deviation of the two classes. The standard deviation of 1.62912 and 1.23596 shows that though there is a shift in the mark range, the range of ability among ... comprehension: grammar, vocabulary, and phonology and he proves that songs can do well on all of these fields. Grammatically, songs can be used as a form of reinforcement for the particular structural item...

Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 10:33

... pitch, amplitude and pronuncia- tion and users are given immediate feedback on the acceptability of each recording. Users can then rerecord an unacceptable utterance. Recordings are automatically ... utterance. This alignment is retained so that each utterance is automatically labeled. Once the entire corpus has been recorded, alignments are automatically refined based on specific individual ... by a profes- sional speaker and manually polished, all other voices were created by untrained individuals, most of whom have ALS, in an untrained setting, with the recordings having no manual...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... remembrance of past injuries melted away before the sunshine of Christian love; and, before the ship reached Australia, Ruatara was once again a man, and now almost a Christian. This meeting was ... more favourable—Preliminary voyage of Active—"Noah's Ark"—Arrival of mission in New Zealand—Interview with Whangaroans—"Rangihoo"—Landing of Marsden, &c.—Preparation ... low-water mark of English religion and morality. But by 1809—the year of Ruatara's arrival—an improvement had begun. What is known as the Evangelical movement was changing the tone of life...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 12:21

... structure of a text. Since existing corpora provide no parallel temporal and causal annotations, we annotated 1000 conjoined event pairs, achiev- ing inter-annotator agreement of 81.2% on temporal relations ... achieving an F-measure of 49.0 for temporals and 52.4 for causals. Analysis of these models sug- gests that additional data will improve perfor- mance, and that temporal information is cru- cial to causal ... between a verb and a complement clause could be identified with accuracies of nearly 90%. Recent work on causal relations has also found that arbitrary relations in text are difficult to annotate and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... re- search established that even a small amount of ad- ditional training data can give a substantial im- provement in question analysis in terms of both CFG parse accuracy and LFG grammatical func- tional ... a parse-annotated treebank from raw data repeat Parse a new section of raw data Manually correct errors in the parser output Add the corrected data to the training set Extract a new grammar for ... Brown corpus) . Gildea also shows how to resolve this problem by adding appropriate data to the training corpus, but notes that a large amount of additional data has little impact if it is not matched...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 05:21