3 insecticidal soaps fatty acid salts

... chain fatty acids diffuse into peroxisomes, get acivated by long chain fatty acylCoA synthase and then they are oxidized to short chain FA Omega-oxidation: This is a rare pathway of fatty acid ... This is followed by isomerization reaction and βoxidation What about odd-chain fatty acids; In case of odd-chain fatty acylCoA, a three carbon unit , the propionyl-CoA is left at the last cycle ... mitochondria, the fatty acyl CoA is subjected to beta oxidation Utilization of FA for oxidation and generation of ATP is achieved in the following three steps; beta-oxidation of fatty acid chain yielding...

Ngày tải lên: 01/10/2016, 21:37

... monounsaturated fatty acids * TFA: trans fatty acids * tc: traceal 818 Fatty acid composition including trans fatty acids content of selected Vietnamese instant noodles Trans fatty acids were also ... total fatty acid methyl ester Values are means ± SD for three samples of triplicates * Fatty acids less than 0.1%: C15:0, C17:0, C21:1 * SFA: saturated fatty acids * PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids ... total fatty acid methyl ester Values are means ± SD for three samples of triplicates * Fatty acids less than 0.1%: C15:0, C17:0, C21:1 * SFA: saturated fatty acids * PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids...

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2013, 16:28

... the typical fatty acids of Z japonica HK 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 MG NG KT KG Fatty acid content (%) Fatty acid content (%) However, we think that the characteristics of the fatty acid structure ... Fatty acids 18:3n3 other HK 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 16:0 MG 18:1n9c 18:2n6c 18:3n3 24:0 Fatty acids NG KT KG LCFAs other Fig.3 Dominant fatty acid content in the leaves Fig - Dominant fatty acid ... Acid Methyl Esters Mix (47080-U, SUPELCO, USA); and kinds of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) These standards were used to obtain 56 kinds of fatty acids Therefore, the contents of each fatty acid...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... Environment (IJEE), Volume 1, Issue 3, 2010, pp.411-430 415 Table Fatty acid methyl composition of different biodiesel fuels Fatty acid methyl ester composition (FAME) in wt % Lino- LinoLauric Myristic ... unsaturated fatty acid composition has more density but less viscosity Biodiesel with more unsaturated has lower cetane number and heating value respectively Biodiesel with high-unsaturated fatty acid ... sources are not same, those properties have strong relation with the fatty acid composition of biodiesel The structure of the fatty compounds can also affect other properties of biodiesel such...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... Fatty Acid and Carotenoids in Gac Fruit MATERIALS AND METHODS Fatty Acid Analysis Materials Gac fruit were purchased from two Asian ... Louis, MO) Nonadecanoic acid methyl ester and GLC-68 fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) standard mixture were obtained from Nu-Chek Prep, Inc (Elysian, MN) Heptadecanoic acid methyl ester and anhydrous ... addition, double-bond locations for the unsaturated fatty acids were determined by interpreting spectra from picolinyl derivatives of free fatty acids (FFAs), employing the methodology described...

Ngày tải lên: 09/02/2014, 00:08

... shown that different forms of fatty acids exert remarkably different effects Exposure of a variety of cell types, including hepatocytes, to long-chain saturated fatty acids (SFAs) led to increased ... with fatty acids for 48 h, and cleavage of procaspase-3 was evaluated in total cell extracts by western blotting (F) The appearance of cytochrome c in the cytosolic fractions (S-100) of fatty acid- treated ... After their internalization, FFAs are converted to fatty acyl-CoA, a reaction catalyzed by ACS Fatty acyl-CoAs are activated forms of fatty acids that can be either oxidized in mitochondria or...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... polypeptide structure revealed electron density corresponding to a fatty acid bound to all four C163 residues in the asymmetric unit The fatty acid residues were included in the model and refined The structure ... of rat fatty acid synthase by C75: inhibition of partial reactions and protection by substrates Biochem J 388, 895–903 Alli PM, Pinn ML, Jaffee EM, McFadden JM & Kuhajda FP (2005) Fatty acid synthase ... malonyl-ACP binding area in the fatty acid complex The hydrogen bond between the L335 backbone nitrogen and H333 Nd makes it unlikely that H333 participates in catalysis as an acid or base Compared with...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 08:20

... three times Fatty acid analysis Microalgae or yeast cells were harvested by centrifugation Total fatty acids were extracted and transmethylated as previously described [14] Fatty acid methyl ... These fatty acids are produced by D6-desaturation of 16:1D9 and 18:1D9, respectively, the two major fatty acids found in yeast When linoleic (18:2D9,12) and a-linolenic (18:3D9,12,15) acids were ... However, comparison of fatty acid profiles derived from yeast transformed with pYES2 and pYDESI showed two new peaks in the TpdesI transformants even in the absence of exogenous fatty acids in the medium...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... oxidation and phosphorylation of D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) to 1,3-bisphospho-Dglyceric acid (1,3-BPGA) in the presence of NAD+ and inorganic phosphate The forward reaction mechanism has ... as possible, we synthesized a stable molecule [3(R)-hydroxy-2-oxo-4-phosphonoxybutyl]phosphonic acid (HOP), with the highest similarity to the natural substrate 1,3-BPGA We report here the refined ... Cells were lysed by two passages through an SML-Aminco French pressure cell at 5516 kPa Nucleic acids were removed first by incubation with 100 U Benzonase (Merck) for 30 at 37 °C, and then with...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 02:21

... inhibit fatty acid synthase C Martinez-Villaluenga et al Introduction Fatty acid synthase (FAS, EC 3.2.1.85) is a multicomponent enzyme that catalyzes the de novo biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids ... kDa) carries seven catalytic domains integrating all the steps needed for fatty acid synthesis [2,3] The growing fatty acid is covalently attached to an acyl carrier protein (ACP), which transports ... (2004) Human fatty acid synthase: structure and substrate selectivity of the thioesterase domain Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101, 15567– 15572 Smith S & Tsai SC (2007) The type I fatty acid and polyketide...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... extracellular fatty acids In addition, we determined the amount of lipid-bound fatty acids to cover all major pools of fatty acids (Fig 1B,D) The amount of cellular free fatty acids could be ... (square)] (D) Concentration of fatty acids in the pools of free fatty acids in the media (diamonds), of free fatty acids in the cells (square) and of esterified fatty acids (triangle) The error bars ... extracellular fatty acids Therefore, besides the import of exogenous fatty acids, additional release of internal fatty acids had to contribute to the increase of intracellular fatty acids However,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... they were initially isolated, e.g livertype fatty acid- binding protein (L-FABP), brain-type fatty acid- binding protein (B-FABP), intestinal-type fatty acid- binding protein (I-FABP), etc However, ... FABPs: (a) uptake of fatty acids across the plasma membrane and transport to various subcellular organelles, (b) modulation of the activity of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism, (c) protection ... membranes from the detergent effects of excess fatty acids by sequestering them, and (d) modulation of cell growth and differentiation by transport of fatty acids to the nucleus where they activate...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 06:20

... polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis FAD, fatty acid desaturase; Elo, elongase; Elo5, D5 elongase; Elo6, D6 elongase; AA, arachidonic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid ... Polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis: a microsomal-peroxisomal process Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 60, 317–321 Pereira SL, Leonard AE & Mukerji P (2003) Recent advances in the study of fatty ... the conversion of the omega3 -fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, into docosahexaenoic acid Biochem J 384, 357–366 Chu FL, Lund ED, Harvey E & Adlof R (2004) Arachidonic acid synthetic pathways of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... a-methylketo- or a-methylhydoxy- fatty acids [35,36] However, it quickly appeared that addition of a sulfur ylide, derived from S-AdoMet, to the double bond of the fatty acid could be another plausible ... Pollard, M & Ohlrogges, J.B (2002) Carbocyclic fatty- acids in plants: Biochemical and molecular genetic characterization of cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis of Sterculia foetida Proc Natl Acad ... on the biosynthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids in Escherichia coli Biochimica Biophysica Acta 348, 6375 Taylor, F.R & Cronan J.E (1979) Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase of Escherichia coli Stabilization,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... phytanic acid, racemic at carbon 3, and the synthetic (3-R,S)-methylhexadecanoic and (3-R,S)-methylheptadecanoic acids, have been used It has been shown that the synthetic 3-methyl-branched fatty acids ... 3-methyl-branched fatty acid is activated to the corresponding CoA-ester by an acyl-CoA synthetase which is most probably present in the peroxisomal Fig a-Oxidation of 3-methyl-branched fatty acids The ... Stereochemistry of the a-oxidation of 3-methyl-branched fatty acids in rat liver J Lipid Res 40, 601–609 Foulon, V (2001) a-Oxidation of 3-Methyl-Branched Fatty Acids: Study of the Enzymes Involved in the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:20

... with 50% acetic acid to  pH and the fatty acids were extracted with · mL hexane The hexane was removed under a nitrogen stream and the mixture, including the conjugated fatty acids, was esterified ... for conjugated fatty acid esters (10% w/v KOH/CH3OH, 80 °C, h; neutralization to  pH with acetic acid, hexane extraction, 1% w/v H2SO4/ CH3OH, 50 °C, h) Analysis of the fatty acids as methyl ... the formation of a-eleostearic acid [9(Z),11(E),13(E)-octadecatrienoic acid] and a-parinaric acid [9(Z),11(E),13(E),15(Z)-octadecatetraenoic acid] from linoleic acid In so doing, we would hope...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 09:20

... then acidified with M HCl Free fatty acids were extracted in hexane, the solvent removed under a stream of N2, and the free fatty acids were transmethylated in M methanolic HCl for h at 80 °C Fatty ... isomers of very long chain unsaturated fatty acids in transgenic yeast by GC/MS Book of Abstracts, p 29 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant Fatty Acids and Glycerolipids Symposium, June ... fertility, encodes a very-long-chain fatty acid condensing enzyme Plant Cell 11, 825–838 15 Todd, J., Post-Beittenmiller, D & Jaworski, J.G (1999) KCS1 encodes a fatty acid elongase 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 09:20

... utilization of fatty acids, intracellular targeting of fatty acids to specific organelles and metabolic pathways, and the protection of cellular structures from the detergent effects of fatty acids [10–14] ... heart-type fatty acid binding protein in cardiac fatty acid utilization FASEB J 13, 805–812 Schaap FG, Binas B, Danneberg H, van der Vusse GJ & Glatz JFC (1999) Impaired long-chain fatty acid utilization ... Moerkerk HTB (1993) Fatty acidbinding protein and its relation to fatty acid oxidation Mol Cell Biochem 123, 101–106 15 Glatz JF & van der Vusse GJ (1996) Cellular fatty acidbinding proteins:...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:20

... structure of yeast fatty acid synthase, a cellular machine with eight active sites working together Cell 129, 319 331 1565 zquez et al M J Va GSK837149A, inhibitor of human fatty acid synthase White ... (2005) The structural biology of type II fatty acid biosynthesis Annu Rev Biochem 74, 791831 Chirala SS, Jayajumar A, Gu ZW & Wajil SJ (2001) Human fatty acid synthase: role of interdomain in the ... movements in human fatty acid synthase by quantized elastic deformational model Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99, 78957899 Maier T, Jenni S & Ban N (2006) Architecture of mam malian fatty acid synthase at...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... the particular type of fatty acid predominating in the oil, but also contained a complex mixture of other fatty acids, as occurs in vivo As might be expected, the fatty acid composition of CRLPs ... Pascale et al Table Fatty acid composition of TG in CRLPs CRLPs were prepared using TG from palm, olive, corn or fish oil as described in Experimental procedures, and the fatty acid composition was ... chromatography Data are expressed as gÆ(100 g total fatty acids))1 and are the mean ± SEM from three separate preparations ND, none detected CRLPs Fatty acid Palm 14:0 16:0 16:1 n)7 18:0 18:1 n)9 18:1...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20