1 sentence elements and their positions in affirmative statement
an investigation into starting and closing telephone conversations between friends and relatives in american english and vietnamese = nghiên cứu phần mở đầu và kết thúc cuộc hội thoại qua điện thoại giữa bạn bè
... London 18 Laver, J (19 81) , “Linguistic routines and politeness in greeting and parting”, Cited from F Coulmas (ed.), Conversational Routine, The Hague, Mouton, 289-304 19 Linstroms, A. (19 94), ... regards to 17 .4 other 47.8 28.3 52.2 54.3 50 63 .1 19.5 60.8 56.5 17 .5 19 .5 members in the family 9.Make an arrangement or 13 37 17 .4 10 0 87 13 21. 7 24 promise 10 .Exchange goodbye in the end of ... them in to the 14 following categories: (1) Pre-closing, (2) Shutting down, (3) Recapitulation, (4) Terminal exchange Four core closing sequences 1) Pre-closing: A way of initiating a closing...
Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2015, 14:30
Grammar for teachers a guide to american english for native and non native speakers
... in understanding the meanings and functions of individual words Words that look the same may have different meanings and functions depending upon where they occur in a sentence r r r r r In Sentence ... correct form in Sentences (8) and (9) is whom, not who In both sentences whom is functioning as an object and not as a subject In Sentence (8), who is the object of the verb see and in Sentence (9), ... prescriptive point of view, Sentences (1) and (2) must be: (1a) John and I are going to the store (2a) Sue and I had lunch In the last several decades, many native speakers, attempting to avoid the incorrect...
Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2014, 16:36
Refusals to invitations the use of vietnamese learners of english and the use of native speakers of english a comparison
... NSEs 0 0 10 IR IW IERE 14 20 15 18 12 20 17 13 13 IA 11 IPH 0 0 IPH 0 0 IOH 0 0 IRI 0 0 IP IER 3 IRQ APO 5 12 APF 0 AGA 12 AAT 0 0 Table 1: Frequency of semantic formulas in relation to interlocutor’s ... formulas by the VLEs and the NSEs will be presented in section 4 .1. 1 .1 and the frequency of semantic formulas in relation to interlocutor’s status in section 4 .1. 1.2 4 .1. 1 .1 Total number of uses ... IER (1) IRQ (2) AGA (1) IA (1) IER (1) IA (1) IR (3) IERE (4) IP (2) APO (9) APF (2) DN (6) IW (1) IERE (8) IP (1) AGA (1) IR (1) IERE (2) IA (1) APO (3) AGA (1) DN (1) IERE (2) IA (1) IERE (1) ...
Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:31
Expressing gratitude by native speakers of english and vietnamese learners of english
... Philadelphia: Multilingual matters Blum-kulka, S & House, J (19 89) Cross-cultural and situational variation in requesting behaviour In S Blum-Kulka, J House & 10 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 ... Thanking + Promising to repay + Complimenting Thanking + Promising to repay + Expressing indebtedness Thanking + Promising to repay Thanking + Complimenting Thanking 11 Thanking 12 Thanking Thanking ... Expressing appreciation Thanking + Expressing indebtedness + Thanking + Expressing indebtedness + Expressing appreciation Complimenting Thanking + Expressing indebtedness + Thanking + Complimenting...
Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 14:36
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Roles of AP-2 transcription factors in the regulation of cartilage and skeletal development doc
... poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase -1 inhibitor on experimental arthritis by downregulating in ammation and Th1 response PLoS ONE 2, e10 71, doi :10 .13 71/ journal.pone.00 010 71 41 Karjalainen JM, Kellokoski JK, ... doi :10 .11 86/gb-2005-6 -13 -246 12 Moser M, Ruschoff J & Buettner R (19 97) Comparative analysis of AP-2 alpha and AP-2 beta gene expression during murine embryogenesis Dev Dyn 208, 11 5 12 4 13 Zhao ... been detected in the developing olfactory bulb, neural tis- sue, especially the midbrain and hindbrain [7 ,14 ], and hypertrophic chondrocytes during chondrogenesis [15 ] Winger et al [16 ] analyzed...
Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20
Common sentences used by native speakers
... loved being so close to Chicago a world of movers and shakers I doubted there was any moving and shaking going on in Blossom Creek But all that evening, I had a sinking feeling Aren't you going ... friendliness had really thrown her, Every muscle in my body aches, Trisha's reasoning was beginning to sound interesting Julie was beginning to see the endless possibilities kind of like investigative ... sisters, and I could use some feminine input Then maybe we could grab a bite to eat and take in a movie or something Listen, Darce Do you think I'm fickle you are thinking about ditching him...
Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2014, 19:45
A Practical Guide to BUSINESS WRITING: Writing in English for non-native speakers pdf
... phrases 10 0 10 2 10 3 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 9 11 1 11 2 Chapter Avoid Confusing Words 11 7 Chapter Personal Business Documents 12 3 Employee request Congratulations Appreciation 12 6 13 8 13 9 References 14 5 Acknowledgements ... Cataloging -in- Publication Data is available A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 -1- 118 - 410 81- 3 (pbk) ISBN 978 -1- 118 - 410 78-3 (ebk) ISBN 978 -1- 118 - 410 79-0 ... 978 -1- 118 - 410 77-6 (ebk) Set in 11 /14 pt Myriad Pro by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited Printed in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall, UK A Practical Guide to BUSINESS WRITING...
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:20
Verbs in the Written English of Chinese Learners: A Corpus-based Comparison between Non-native Speakers and Native Speakers potx
... IN COLEC AND LOCNESS .16 3 TABLE 12 FREQUENCIES OF 10 VERBS (BOTH IN LEMMA AND INFLECTIVE FORMS) AND SOME OF THEIR CORRESPONDING PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES IN COLEC AND LOCNESS 16 6 TABLE 13 ... thesis Poole and Field 19 76, Chafe 19 82, Chafe and Danielewicz 19 87, Biber 19 88, Petch-Tyson 19 98, etc., cited in Granger and Rayson (19 98: 12 6) 24 nouns, Granger and Rayson (19 98: 12 8) find that ... FREQUENCIES OF VERB USE AND NOUN USE IN PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES OF 10 V-N PAIRS AND THEIR RATIOS IN COLEC AND LOCNESS 16 7 TABLE 14 FREQUENCIES OF 15 VERBS AND THEIR CORRESPONDING NOUNS IN THE PREPOSITIONAL...
Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 19:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Axillary bud proliferation of 2 North American oak species: Quercus alba and Quercus rubra" ppsx
... levels of 0, 1. 0 nM and 1. 0 μM The number of explant buds in each treatment varied among experiments, ranging from to 12 buds Buds were kept on hormone medium for 12 , 6, 23 and 12 weeks in experiments ... medium containing different combinations of BA (44.4 nM, and 0.44, 4.44 or 44.4 μM) and NAA (0, 1. 0 nM, 10 μM) in a Latin square design with a minimum of 10 replications/treatment The embryos ... BA and NAA as in the Q rubra study Experiments 2, and used BA concentrations as above, with various NAA levels Experiment used NAA levels of 0, 1. 0 nM, 10 0 nM and 1. 0 μM, while experiments and...
Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21
LUẬN VĂN EXPRESSING GRATITUDE BY NATIVE SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE LEARNERS OF ENGLISH
Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2014, 14:34
The language learner's continuum native speakers, heritage language learners and second language learners
Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2015, 14:51
Fluent English, your guide to speak English like native speakers
... Generation 11 2 14 C Build Your Vocabulary 13 5 14 D English Under the Hood: Verbs Followed by Infinitives 13 7 Adjectives Followed by Infinitives and It Plus Infinitive 13 8 16 G Bring it All Together 16 2 ... Tense 10 7 11 E Phrasal Verbs for the Computer 10 8 11 F Real English: Life Online 10 9 2.Be supposed to and be to 12 7 3.Making Suggestions with could 12 7 13 E Phrasal Verbs for Buying and Selling ... Hood: 1. Past Forms of should and shouldn't 12 6 11 A Say It Clearly!: The Vowels in seat and sit 10 3 11 B English At Work: Reading — A Brief History of the Internet 10 3 11 C Build Your Vocabulary 10 4...
Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2015, 23:54
The chinese discourse marker suoyi a comparative study of its usage between native speakers and singapore mandarin learners
... 指出这三个连贯层面大致对应 Schiffrin 的概念结构、行为结构 以及交换结构 (19 91: 11 67)。最重要的区别在于这些结构的概念地位，相比 Schiffrin 依赖于话语标记功能而构筑的连贯模型，Redeker 对于模型的定义 更 为 独立，也就是说即使没 有话语标记，话语的连贯也是可能的 (Redeker, 19 91: 11 67 -11 68)。而对话语模型各个层面的定义方面，Redeker ... (Redeker, 19 91: 11 68)。 二、基于“语法–语用”的研究 Fraser (19 90, 19 96, 19 99, 2006)通过一系列的文章，用他自己的话来说 从纯“语法–语用”的观点来研究话语标记 (19 99: 936)。Fraser 主要的研究 目的是厘清话语标记在语言学中的地位问题 (19 99: 9 31) ，即话语标记与句法 学、语义学、语用学之间的关系。与 Schiffrin ... same and that Singapore mandarin learners use “suoyi” more often than Chinese native speakers The differences are attributable to three aspects that Singapore mandarin learners find difficult in...
Ngày tải lên: 01/10/2015, 17:27
An american – vietnamese cross-cultural study on non-verbal expressions of disappointment part 2
... spouting lips, head shaking from side to side while spouting lips and maintaining lower look Disappointed postures vary into categories: sitting and standing For sitting postures, the followings ... statistics, informants are divided into groups basing on their understanding of the native culture: much understanding, not much understanding and no understanding The statistic figures are presented in ... This is a standing posture with hands resting on hips Posture: This is a standing posture with upper half of body bending down, hand or hands holding head 18 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY 2 .1 COMMENTS...
Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 15:07
Tài liệu ACTIVE AMERICAN IDIOMS (p.2) pptx
... nghề với 13 in the doghouse - thất sủng Ý nghĩa: out of favor (không yêu mến) e.g A: My wife's not talking to me today Hôm vợ tao không nói với tao câu B: Why not? Tại thế? A: I'm in the doghouse ... sleeping dogs lie and nothing Đúng Tao thấy, xuất bản, nhiều người vô tội bị bối rối, nên định không bới rác lên mà ngửi, chẳng làm Nguồn gốc đặc ngữ: The idea is that if a dog is sleeping, you ... tối Nguồn gốc đặc ngữ: Dogs used to be kept for the work they did and had to live outside their owner's house So if a person is in the doghouse, the idea is that he has been turned out of his own...
Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 00:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: The Ets transcription factor ESE-1 mediates induction of the COX-2 gene by LPS in monocytes doc
... such as IL -1 [ 21] , and TNF-a [ 21] can also induce ESE -1, and ESE -1 target genes with regard to in ammation so far identified by us include iNOS, COX-2 and potentially MMP -1 and MMP -13 (X Gu, F ... shown to be involved in this process such as C ⁄ EBP [5,9 ,10 ,26], NF-jB [7 ,10 ,11 ], NFAT [6 ,10 ] and Ets [16 ,18 ,27] We now report the involvement of another Ets transcription factor ESE -1 in the regulation ... between ESE -1 and NF-jB (Fig 5C) Dominant-negative ESE -1 mutants inhibit LPS and IL -1 mediated induction of COX-2 gene expression To evaluate whether ESE -1 is indeed involved in regulation of inducible...
Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20