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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY - THESIS IS COMPLETED AT NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY The instructor: Pro.Dr DO DUC BINH PHAM THI THUY LINH Reviewer 1: POLICIES FOR PROMOTION OF FORMS COOPERATION, LINKAGE OF PRODUCTION - CONSUMPTION PRODUCTS IN VIETNAM FISHERIES Reviewer 2: Reviewer 3: Speciality: INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS Code: 9310106 Thesis is defended at the Thesis Judging Committee National Economics University SUMMARY OF THESIS HANOI, 2021 On ……2021 Specifically, learn about the thesis: - National Library - Library of National Economics University INTRODUCTION joined the global value chain, but it has only stopped providing input as preliminary products, while the added value of seafood products is mainly due to the production process processing, packaging and commercial operations yield In addition, the factors that promote and develop the chain such as support services, infrastructure, and the role of industry associations and related agencies are still limited Along with the impact of international economic integration (participation in WTO, TTP, FTA ), Vietnam's seafood products will face increasingly fierce competition pressure because they only participate mainly in the value-added stage short Therefore, it is urgent to research and propose solutions to promote the organization of production in a sustainable value chain, as well as promote the development of economic sectors participating in the chain, contributing to the restructuring of the economy fisheries industry towards increasing added value and sustainable development Thereby improving the country's ability to participate and compete in the global value chain, realizing the goal of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas On the basis of the above analysis, the PhD student chooses the topic "Policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production - consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries" as research for the doctoral thesis Goals and tasks 2.1 Goals Proposing solutions to improve policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 2.2.Tasks + Systematize and contribute to clarifying some theoretical and practical issues of policies to promote the development of forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products for a country + Analyze and evaluate the current situation of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of Vietnamese seafood products in the field of fishing and aquaculture + Proposing orientations and some solutions to improve policies to promote the development of forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of Vietnamese seafood products by 2030 Objects and Scope 3.1 Objects 3.2 Scope 3.2.1 The scope of space The thesis focuses on researching policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries in order to improve production efficiency and product quality to meet market requirements domestic and export 3.2.2 The scope of content The urgency of thesis The fisheries sector plays an important role in Vietnam's socio-economic development strategy; become a spearhead industry in the national economic branches; actively contribute to the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas In the period 2010 - 2020, the value of seafood export (export) of Vietnam achieved an average growth rate of 5.3%/year In 2010, the total export value of construction industry reached 5,017,700 thousand USD, by 2020 the total export value of construction industry reached 8.4 billion USD, contributing to 2.98% of the total export value of goods of the whole country (D-Fish 2020) In addition, the fisheries sector contributes to structural transformation of the agricultural and rural economy, hunger eradication and poverty reduction, and job creation for more than 4.5 million fishery workers, of which over 1.89 million are employed The rest are specialized fishery workers Brackish water shrimp and catfish are two key products contributing to the export turnover of the seafood industry Vietnamese seafood products have an increasingly important position in the world seafood market As a country with many advantages in the production of seafood products, Vietnam has an increasingly important position in the world market with many typical products such as pangasius, brackish water shrimp, tuna, squid, and octopus , molluscs With many policies issued to support and encourage businesses and cooperatives to associate in the production and consumption of products, in recent times, many value chains have initially formed synchronously from production, processing and consumption of products with the participation of enterprises, cooperatives, cooperative groups/production teams, farmers in the aquatic products industry In order to focus resources on developing value chains of national key agricultural products, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has also issued a list of 13 key agricultural products at the national level to prioritize income attracting businesses to invest in agriculture and rural areas (Decree 57/2018/ND-CP), including pangasius and brackish water shrimp In addition, a group of key product value chains at the provincial level has gradually formed with the special attention of the People's Committees of the provinces in quickly identifying and promulgating a list of key agricultural products at the provincial level to attract customers invest, promote linkages between enterprises and cooperatives, cooperative groups and production farmers Although in the past time, there has been support from the Government in promoting the organization of production linkages between cooperatives, farmers and enterprises in the seafood value chain, but currently the rate of value chain formation Complete seafood from producers (farmers/cooperatives/cooperative groups) to enterprises still accounts for a very low proportion, most of the links in the chain are still very loose, mainly still through intermediaries Vietnam's seafood has gradually The thesis focuses on a number of key policies such as: preferential policies on land use, policies to support infrastructure development, policies to support credit, policies to support investment, policies to support infrastructure development market at central and local level The thesis studies policies to promote forms of cooperation and linkage in production - consumption of products in Vietnam's aquatic industry in terms of promulgating and organizing the implementation of policies Regarding aquatic products, the thesis focuses on a number of key export products such as tra fish, brackish water shrimp (representing the aquaculture sector), tuna (representing the fishing industry) ) 3.2.3 The scopr of time The thesis studies the current status of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam's aquatic industry from 2013 to 2018 and proposes solutions to improve the policy by 2030 3.2.4 Research subject The thesis focuses on researching cooperation and linkage policies between the following subjects: - Producers: (1) tuna fishers in key provinces with the most developed tuna fishing in the country, namely Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa; (2) Households/Enterprises/THTs/Cooperatives cultivating aquaculture (2 subjects are brackish water shrimp and pangasius) in provinces in the Mekong Delta, namely Bac Lieu, Soc Trang, Ca Mau, An Giang and Dong Tower - Seafood processing and export enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City, An Giang, Dong Thap, Khanh Hoa - Some organizations related to seafood production and export activities such as the Directorate of Fisheries (D-Fish), the Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP)… Research methods and approaches 5.1 Approaches The PhD student applies the system approach, the institutional approach, the value chain approach and the participatory approach to clarify the current situation, policies and solutions to promote the development of various forms of cooperation and linkage in the production and consumption of aquatic products 5.2 Methods + Choosing a research site To study the influence of policies promoting forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of aquatic products, the PhD student selected the research areas as the most developed coastal provinces and cities countries about tuna exploitation - processing - export (Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa), and provinces in the Mekong Delta (Bac Lieu, Soc Trang, Ca Mau, An Giang and Dong Thap) are the locally developed two objects of pangasius and brackish water shrimp In which Bac Lieu is the capital of industrial shrimp, Ca Mau is the capital of ecological shrimp In addition, the PhD student collects primary documents and related information from survey subjects such as aquaculture households, aquaculture cooperatives, fishing teams, fishermen, seafood processing and export enterprises , traders/traders, other related organizations + Methods of collecting primary and secondary data The PhD student used the socio-economic survey method, the rural participatory interview and assessment method (PRA) in which to conduct direct interviews with the people, representatives of the cooperative, THT, production teams at sea, enterprises, representatives of local authorities, managers to collect necessary information and data + Expert method: The PhD student directly consulted a number of experts at the agency and a number of relevant departments and agencies at central and local levels on policies and solutions in the field of cooperation and association in production - consumption of seafood products The structure of the thesis In addition to the introduction, conclusion, list of references, the thesis is structured into 03 chapters CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL ISSUES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE ON POLICIES FOR PROMOTIONING FORMS OF COOPERATION AND LINKS IN PRODUCTION - CONSUMPTION OF PRODUCTS IN THE FISH INDUSTRY 1.1 Some concepts and roles of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products 1.1.1 Concepts, forms and principles of cooperation in the production and consumption of products 1.1.1.1 The concept of cooperation Cooperation in Economic is a form of voluntary, cooperative and mutually supportive relationship between economic actors, combining the strength of each member with the advantage of collective strength to better solve the problems of each member production, business and economic life in order to improve the operational efficiency and benefits of each member Cooperation has many forms with different characteristics, properties and levels: random, temporary cooperation; regular and stable cooperation; labor cooperation as Marx analyzed the three stages of industrial capitalism's development; cooperation between units and sectors; etc Cooperation in the field of agriculture in general and fisheries in particular is an objective need That is the inevitable development path of the farmer household economy 1.1.1.2 Forms of cooperation The reality of Vietnam and many countries around the world shows that the above relationship can be implemented in the following forms: * Simple cooperative economy a Professional groups and associations In the field of agriculture and rural areas in our country, there are currently many types of nests and professional associations such as beekeeping nests, gardening nests, fish farming nests, shrimp farming nests, afforestation nests, bonsai planting groups, etc Professional groups and associations are formed on the voluntary basis of independent economic entities with the same form and purpose of business activities, in order to collaborate, exchange experiences and help each other in activities production-business, product consumption, for the purpose of maximizing the profit of each member (here not talking about groups and associations that operate, for the sake of pleasure, there is no profit target) Currently, this form is developing and has good effects in the fields of agriculture and rural areas, including: agriculture, forestry, and fishery (aquaculture and exploitation) in many localities throughout the country b Teams, cooperative groups This is a simple type of cooperative economy that is voluntarily established by independent economic entities, based on the needs of its members Cooperative groups and groups operate on the principle of voluntariness, joining or leaving groups, establishing or dissolving organizations, democratic management, and mutual benefits Teams and cooperative groups are very diverse with many different names + "Single-purpose" cooperative groups and groups: are cooperative groups and groups of similar business entities, such as afforestation groups, mushroom growing groups, cage fish farming groups, etc + "Multi-purpose" cooperative group and group: is a type of cooperative group or group of subjects engaged in general production and business activities, such as cultivation combined with animal husbandry, processing, and providing services, etc + Small-sized cooperative groups and groups (from 5-10 members): the cooperation relationship is not stable on a regular basis, there is no written operational regulation, no legal character, no legal status c Economic cooperation group, often referred to as "cooperative group" This is a simple cooperative economy with a larger scale, usually from to 30 member households The cooperative relationship is stable and regular, with an organizational structure and leadership apparatus * Cooperative Cooperative is a type of cooperative economy that develops at a higher level than a simple cooperative economy In the Cooperative Law of many countries as well as some international organizations, there are definitions of cooperatives Although, there are many different definitions of cooperatives, as well as differences in characteristics, organizational mechanisms, operating modes, etc of cooperative models in countries around the world, but All types of cooperatives have the following common characteristics: Cooperative is an economic organization formed by economic entities voluntarily contributing capital The cooperative's activities are mainly aimed at serving the economic activities of the participating members with the motto of helping each other (also helping yourself) In addition, the cooperative's activities are also of the social community nature mutual assistance and assistance to the community Therefore, profit is not the sole objective of cooperatives (Cooperative Law, 2003) The basic principles of cooperatives are voluntariness, equality, mutual benefit and democratic management 1.1.1.3 The essence of cooperation Basically, the nature of cooperation is reflected in the type of economic organization and economic relations in the form of cooperation Regarding the economic relations and heterogeneity of linkages in the cooperative model, cooperatives have two attributes that describe a special type of vertical integration: (1) union between members and cooperatives and (2) all members co-ownership of the cooperative Regarding the type of economic organization of the cooperative: the nature of the cooperative is an economic organization emphasizing the collectivity Cooperatives in Vietnam basically fully embody the criteria of identity, values and core principles of the concept of cooperatives like ICA The Law on Cooperatives (2012) has shown the nature of “co-ownership” allowing to confirm the difference in the nature of economic organizations cooperating with other types of enterprises 1.1.1.4 Nguyên tắc hợp tác In Vietnam, the Law on Cooperatives (2012) clearly states principles of cooperative operation, including: 1/ Voluntary; 2/ Widely admitting members; 3/ Having equal rights to be provided with information; 4/ Autonomy, selfresponsibility; 5/ Be responsible for implementing commitments under the contract; 6/ Education, training and retraining; 7/ To take care of the sustainable development of community life The above principles have basically reflected the spirit of ICA, updating the progress on cooperative values of developing countries in the world 1.1.2 Concepts, forms, methods and principles of linkage in production and consumption of products 1.1.2.1 Concepts of linkage According to the Dictionary of Modern Economics, “economic linkage refers to the situation when different sectors of the economy, usually the industrial and agricultural sectors, work together effectively and in a coordinated manner interdependence is an element of development” 1.1.2.2 Linkage forms Based on the linking function, according to Ho Que Hau (2002) there are types of linkages: (1) Exchange links, (2) Force linkages, (3) Divisional linkages and (4) Joint linkages mandate agreement Based on these classifications, we can distinguish the participating functions of the parties in the link and are an important basis for evaluating the results and effectiveness of the link 1.1.2.3 The nature of linkage According to the product supply chain, the linkage connects the stages from production to consumption through a series of participating actors (also known as vertical linkage) Thus, the nature of linkage represents the process of coordination and transactions between actors, manifests governance structures in many forms, and leads to economic efficiency through linkage 1.1.2.4 The principle of linkage - Voluntary and committed participation - Commitment to share risks and benefits - The participating parties exercise their rights and obligations on the basis of legal constraints in the association contract 1.1.2.5 Linkage forms Vertical linkage is a link between two or more members participating in the production chain at different levels (between stages in the value chain) through contracts guaranteed by law Horizontal linkage is a link between members of the same level participating in the production chain Regional linkage is a regional link between manufacturers of the same industry in the same geographical area, formed in order to balance the supply and demand of products in the market, avoiding the crisis of "oversupply - shortage" of products 1.1.3 The role of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products Cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products is an inseparable process, especially with the production of agricultural commodities because the relationship of cooperation and association plays a very important role in the economic development farmer household Cooperation and association contribute to the specialization, centralization and rational development of agricultural production fields; bring into play the internal strengths of the farmer households and contribute to minimizing the risks and damages that the farmer households encounter 1.1.4 Factors affecting the formation of forms of cooperation and association in production - consumption of products 1.1.4.1 Perceptual thinking of product producers and consumers towards cooperation and association in production and consumption of products (domestic and foreign consumption - ie export) The perception of the world helps people to have a direction to develop beneficial relationships and inhibit harmful relationships Therefore, in order to develop linkages and cooperation between farmers and fishermen with other actors, the awareness factor of the actors has the most important influence, first of all being fully aware of the benefits benefits the association and cooperation bring 1.1.4.2 Production resources Cooperation and association in production - product consumption solves all stages from production to distribution of final products to consumers in the most efficient way In which, the production stage plays a key role and dominates all other stages 1.1.4.3 Market The market plays the role of orientation, regulation as well as determining the success level of linkages and cooperation between farmers, fishermen and other actors The orientation of the market creates dynamism for all entities participating in the association 1.1.4.4 Technology Technology is one of the factors that directly affects the success of forms of cooperation and linkage along the value chain in the process of international economic integration 1.2 Content of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the fisheries 1.2.1 Concept of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the fisheries In the 2000s, policy researchers continued to introduce new concepts of policy such as: Policies are part of a framework of opinions, through which they are rationally regulated, among the various dimensions of life (Colebatch 2002) Policy is what the government does, or refuses to (Klein & Marmor 2006); Policy is the process by which a society creates and enforces what behavior is acceptable and what is not (Wheelan 2011); In Vietnam, the Vietnamese Dictionary defines "policy" as "a specific strategy and plan to achieve a certain goal, based on the general political line and the actual situation." Thus, it can be understood: "Policy is a set of views, goals, principles and tools that the government usually gives and applies to a field (economic, social, ), a commodity industry .to serve the development of the country in a certain period.” Analyzing the concept of "policy", it is found that: - Policy is made by an authority or management entity; - Policies are issued based on the general political line and actual situation; 10 - The issued policy always aims at a certain purpose; to achieve a certain priority goal; Policies are issued with a clear calculation and purpose From the above analysis, in this thesis, the concept of "policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production - consumption of products" can be understood as follows: Policies to promote forms of cooperation linkage in production product consumption is the totality of views, goals, principles, tools and measures that the government (central and local governments) promulgates and implements to facilitate develop forms of cooperation and association in production - processing consumption of products in order to achieve the set economic and social goals 1.2.2 Functions and roles of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry 1.2.2.1 Functions of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the fisheries industry a Orientation function Policy is an important tool contributing to the behavior of economic and social actors Policy reflects the state's attitude and behavior towards an issue, so it clearly shows the trends of the state's influence on actors in society, helping them to mobilize to achieve similar values future desired by the state b To create premise and encourage development The policy of promoting forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products is a tool to perform the function of creating a premise and encouraging society to develop according to the set trend c Motivation function for subjects participating in cooperation and association in production and consumption of products In order to achieve the common socio-economic development goals, the state must issue many policies, in which each policy has ways of encouraging impact on subjects of all sectors d The function of creating a suitable environment for cooperation and association activities Policies are the specific and indispensable tool that the state uses to manage the macroeconomics, they have the common function of creating the stimulus large enough needed to transform the strategic direction of the ruling party rights into reality, contributing to unifying the thoughts and actions of everyone in society, accelerating and effectively promoting the progress of activities belonging to the department's goals towards which the policy is directed, and realizing the common goals of national economic development 1.2.2.2 The role of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the fisheires Contributing to ensuring mutual benefits in the production and consumption of products, consistent with the goals pursued by the State Policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products should be created in a favorable legal environment, reflected in the high unity between implementation goals and diversity of policy enforcement measures 1.2.3 A number of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry Economic development cooperation and association is a major policy, throughout in Vietnam through many stages In general, policies have formed a legal framework for the birth and development of cooperative and linked economic models First of all, the legal system is increasingly complete such as the Law on Cooperatives, 2012; Law on Investment, 2005; Law on Fisheries, 2017; Law on Planning, 2017; Commercial Law, 2005… This group of policies is the basis for forming a system of regulations to enforce linkages and cooperation in practice In recent years, the legal framework system related to the fisheries sector has been promptly supplemented for integration and sustainable development such as the Law on Fisheries 2017, the Law on Planning 2017… The above laws gradually create a legal system measures to ensure the development of industries in the field of seafood in Vietnam 1.2.3.1 Land preferential policy Land is a means of production, an indispensable input factor for production and business activities of organizations and individuals, directly related to cooperation and association in agriculture 1.2.3.2 Policy to support infrastructure Nfrastructure includes: technical and material facilities, works, vehicles existing on a certain territory used as production and living conditions in general, ensuring continuous operation , smooth flows of material wealth, information and services to meet the needs of production and life 1.2.3.3 Credit support policy Capital is a prerequisite for conducting economic activities However, the difference between the ability and the need for business capital is a common situation of economic actors 1.2.3.4 Investment support policy Investment support policy is a collection of viewpoints, principles and tools, providing a number of preferential mechanisms and policies, providing additional investment support of the State for enterprises investing in agriculture, countryside 1.2.3.5 Market policy Market policy is a collection of viewpoints, principles and tools that prescribe a number of mechanisms, policies and solutions to develop domestic and foreign consumption markets to meet the needs of international economic integration 11 12 1.3 Policy evaluation criteria to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry Policy evaluation is a mandatory content for a number of important policies related to the most urgent issues of life, to the interests of many people Develop comprehensive and correct policy evaluation criteria Depending on the field, there will be different policy evaluation criteria Usually, the evaluation criteria focus on the following aspects: (i) Policy effectiveness; (ii) Feasibility of the policy; (iii) The effectiveness of the policy; (iv) The fairness of the policy; (v) The economics of the policy 1.4 Factors affecting policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry 1.4.1 Objectives factors 1.4.1.1 Natural, economic and social conditions Natural, economic and social conditions are important information for determining policy contents promoting forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products through factors of people's intellectual level, regional customs and habits, technology 1.4.1.2 Factors of international economic integration Along with the trend of integration and globalization, economic, political and social fluctuations in the region as well as in the world have increasingly had a significant impact on the implementation of policies to promote various forms of cooperation , linking in production - consumption of products in the fishery industry in particular and the agricultural industry in general 1.4.1.3 Factors belonging to policy beneficiaries Policy beneficiaries greatly influence the effectiveness of policy implementation Whether the policy achieves its intended purpose or not depends not only on the quality of the policy and the capacity of the policy enforcer, but also on the attitudes of the policy beneficiaries 1.4.2 Subjective factors 1.4.2.1 The determination of the central and local governments in promoting forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products 1.4.2.2 Policy planning and implementation 1.4.2.3 Support and coordination of relevant organizations 1.5 Experiences of some countries on policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry and lessons learned for Vietnam fisheries 1.5.1 Experiences of some countries on policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products Experiences of some countries inside and outside the region with similar conditions to Vietnam such as Japan, China, and Thailand on policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products 1.5.2 Lessons learned for Vietnam fisheries 1.5.2.1 Successful lessons can be applied The government plays an extremely important role in the formation and development of forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products The government has a decisive role in orienting the development of industry linkages, creating linkages in infrastructure, planning, arbitration and creating a development environment The government needs to have non-financial policies to encourage the participation of local authorities in developing forms of cooperation and linkage in production and consumption of products 1.5.2.2 Some failed (unreasonable) lessons to be avoided There are many lessons learned on developing and implementing policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products that need to be applied, but there are also some failed lessons of the Government countries to avoid One of the lessons is the experience of China when it has paid great attention to implementing policies to encourage the production and export of private economic goods at low prices, suitable for low-income customers has had strong competitiveness in the international market for many types of goods CHAPTER 2: SITUATION OF POLICY PROMOTION FORMS OF COOPERATION AND ASSOCIATION IN PRODUCTION - CONSUMPTION PRODUCTS IN VIETNAM FISHERIES 2.1 Overview of production, processing and consumption development characteristics of Vietnam fisheries Total fisheries production in 2018 reached 7.75 million tons, up 6.1% compared to 2017; in which capture fisheries reached 3.6 million tons, up 5.3%; aquaculture reached 4.15 million tons, up 6.7% Shrimp production of all kinds reached 804 thousand tons, up 8.0%; pangasius reached 1.4 million tons, up 10.3%; other species of aquaculture continued to increase The growth rate of fisheries production value reached 6.5%, exceeding the planned target (5.29%), of which, aquaculture increased by 6.86 % 2.2 Overview of the current status of forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries from 2013 to 2018 2.2.1 Current status of forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products in Vietnam's aquaculture sector from 2013 to 2018 13 14 2.2.1.1 Status of forms of cooperation in production and consumption of products in the field of aquaculturea a Cooperation group As of December 31, 2018, the whole country had 39,354 cooperative groups in the field of agriculture, an increase of 32,759 groups compared to 2003; in which the number of cooperative groups with cooperation contract certification is 26,978 groups, accounting for 68.6%; the number of effective cooperative groups is 17,456 groups (accounting for 44.4%) The total number of cooperative group members is 638,237 people, an average of 16 members/cooperative group Out of a total of 39,354 cooperative groups in the agricultural sector, there are 2,360 cooperative groups in the fisheries sector, accounting for nearly 6% of the total number of cooperative groups in the country b Cooperative According to statistics of the Vietnam Cooperative Alliance, by the end of 2018 there were 13,856 agricultural cooperatives nationwide, an increase of 5,769 cooperatives compared to 2003 (of which 9,391 new cooperatives were established, 3,643 were dissolved cooperatives, 21 cooperatives moved from non-agriculture to) By 2018, 24.5% of affiliated cooperatives consumed products for members and non-members of the cooperative; 520 cooperative models applying high technology in production applying cultivation, farming and preservation techniques (accounting for 75.24%); automation technology (accounting for 14.8%); biotechnology in agriculture (accounting for 8.5%); application of technology to produce agricultural materials (accounting for 1.46%), mainly in 03 fields of cultivation, husbandry and aquaculture 2.2.1.2 Current status of forms of association in production - consumption of products in the field of aquaculture Currently in the Mekong Delta, linkages in pangasius and brackish shrimp production help reduce risks and bring many economic benefits to the parties involved, in which individual fish farmers will reduce production costs and product consumption Links between farming households in the Mekong Delta tend to increase in recent times The survey results show that 66.67% of farming households have linkages in the shrimp farming process (buying seeds, feed, sharing experiences ), of which the highest rate is in Soc Trang (87.31%) and the lowest is in Bac Lieu (46.67%) For Soc Trang, the form of association in the form of cooperative is quite popular 2.2.1.3 General assessment of forms of association in production consumption of products in the field of aquaculture From the fact that, although there have been formed and developed forms of association in production - consumption of products, the relationship of cooperation and association between export processing enterprises and farmers and fishermen is still Because of the laxity, the product distribution channel still has many weaknesses, is scattered and through many intermediaries; Both producers and processors must depend on intermediary agents to purchase raw materials 2.2.2 Current status of forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam's fisheries from 2013 to 2018 2.2.2.1 The reality of forms of cooperation in the production and consumption of products in the field of capture fisheries Up to now, the whole country has about 3,500 cooperative groups with about 22,000 fishing boats and about 138,000 employees, mainly fishing boats doing fishing, gill, fin, tug in 28 coastal cities and provinces, localities The method has formed many teams such as: Thanh Hoa, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Binh Dinh, Ben Tre; especially in Da Nang, Binh Dinh, Ben Tre fishing groups in coastal waters have combined with the protection and development of aquatic resources Establish 66 grassroots fisheries unions with 12,106 members, 3,159 fishing vessels in 13/28 coastal cities and provinces; 97 comanagement groups for coastal fisheries The type of cooperative group in some localities is established according to the principle of co-operation: Same occupation, same fishing grounds, same residence area on the basis of voluntary, equality, democracy, with real cooperation and cooperation mutually beneficial members 2.2.2.2 Current status of forms of association in production - consumption of products in the pture fisheries The organization of service fleets to purchase raw materials at sea has contributed to improving the quality of raw materials, supporting fishermen to stay at sea for a long time, reducing costs and improving efficiency in fishing; Linking fishing with seafood consumption develops spontaneously; Not really interested in organizing the association of fishing with product consumption The system of legal documents, mechanisms and policies on management and promotion of exploitation, purchasing and consumption of offshore fishery products is still lacking and inconsistent Orientation to develop organizations linking fishing with product consumption in fishing; The planning on fishing and the system of purchasing and consuming products has not yet been developed and implemented 2.3 Analysis of the current situation of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries from 2013 to 2018 2.3.1 policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries from 2013 to 2018 2.3.1.1 Policy on land - Decree 57/2018/ND – CP on mechanisms and policies to encourage enterprises to invest in agriculture and rural areas - Decree 210/2013/ND-CP on policies to encourage enterprises to invest in agriculture and rural areas 15 16 - Decision 62/2013/QD-TTg dated October 25, 2013 of the Prime Minister on policies to encourage the development of cooperation, linking production in association with consumption of agricultural products, building large sample fields 2.3.1.2 Infrastructure support policy - Decree 98/2018/ND-CP on policies to encourage the development of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of agricultural products - Decree 57/2017/ND-CP on mechanisms and policies to encourage enterprises to invest in agriculture and rural areas - Decree 210/2013/ND-CP on policies to encourage enterprises to invest in agriculture and rural areas - Decision 62/2013/QD-TTg dated October 25, 2013 of the Prime Minister on policies to encourage the development of cooperation, linking production in association with consumption of agricultural products, building large sample fields 2.3.1.3 Credit support policy - Decree No 116/2018/ND-CP amending and supplementing a number of articles of Decree No 55/2015/ND-CP - Decree 57/2017/ND-CP on mechanisms and policies to encourage enterprises to invest in agriculture and rural areas - Decree 55/2015/ND-CP on credit policies for agricultural and rural development 2.3.1.4 Investment policy - Decree 210/2013/ND-CP on policies to encourage enterprises to invest in agriculture and rural areas - Decision 62/2013/QD-TTg dated October 25, 2013 of the Prime Minister on policies to encourage the development of cooperation, linking production in association with consumption of agricultural products, building large sample fields2.3.1.5 Chính sách thị trường - Decree 57/2017/ND-CP on mechanisms and policies to encourage enterprises to invest in agriculture and rural areas 2.3.2 Status of implementation of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries from 2013 to 2018 The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has coordinated with central and local ministries, agencies and sectors to guide and concretize the provisions of the Law on Cooperatives (2012), the Law on Fisheries (2017), the Law on Planning (2017) in Decrees, Decisions of the Government and Heads of Government, Circulars, and guidelines of the Ministry Promulgate documents to serve the state management and guide, create conditions to encourage and promote the formation and development of forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the field agriculture in general and fisheries in particular The localities are interested in promulgating guiding documents, mechanisms and policies, guiding the implementation of the Law on Cooperatives (2012), the Law on Fisheries (2017), the Law on Planning (2017) and documents of the Central Government to create conditions to promote the formation and development of forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the fisheries industry 2.3.3 Status of implementation of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries from 2013 to 2018 2.3.4 Some results of implementing policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries from 2013 to 2018 2.3.4.1 Policy on land use The preferential policies on land in general have brought certain effects to attract investment, especially in disadvantaged areas, contributing to the implementation of the State's policies for the fields that need to be encouraged 2.3.4.2 Infrastructure support policy In the period 2011 - 2015, the central budget allocates investment to the fisheries sector through targeted support programs approved by the Prime Minister 2.3.4.3 Credit policy Credit support policies have created a breakthrough in opening credit flows to rural areas, creating an important "push" to accelerate the implementation of restructuring, reorganizing production, and increasing competitiveness competition, contributing to the sustainable development of our country's agricultural sector 2.3.4.4 Investment policy Decree No 210/2013/ND-CP dated December 19, 2013 was issued to concretize the policy of restructuring the agricultural economy, which was issued with the goal of creating a breakthrough in attracting businesses of all kinds All economic sectors invest in agriculture and rural areas in order to exploit the potentials and strengths of the agricultural and rural areas to develop commodity production and improve production and business efficiency 2.4 Analyze the current situation of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries through survey and interview data 2.4.1 Evaluation of preferential policies related to the use of land and water surface in aquaculture from the point of view of enterprises, individual households, cooperatives/cooperative groups/teams 17 18 Basically, preferential policies on land and water surface use of the central and local governments such as planning information, preferential policies, incentives to attract, support, update information on policies are evaluated Pretty good price However, the process of consulting and exchanging ideas with enterprises/cooperatives/cooperative groups when planning and formulating policies is still limited The majority of enterprises/cooperatives/cooperative groups expressed their opinion that their role is still very weak, some suggestions for correction to suit enterprises/cooperatives/cooperative groups in the actual production process have not yet been made noticed and edited 2.4.2 Evaluating preferential policies on credit/investment in fisheries from the perspective of enterprises, individual households, cooperatives/cooperative groups/teams Enterprises/Cooperatives/Cooperative groups and individual households participating in IWT/Aquaria underestimate the ability to access credit sources of commercial banks as well as the fairness in credit policies for active beneficiaries in the fields of fishing and aquaculture because the risk factor of the fishery industry is very high and depends heavily on natural conditions Commercial banks are often very cautious with loans to develop fishing and aquaculture 2.4.3 Evaluation of preferential policies on supporting human resource development in fisheries from the perspective of enterprises, individual households, cooperatives/cooperative groups/teams It can be seen that the number of training and vocational training institutions in fisheries is quite large; many universities and colleges of fisheries are present in developed fisheries centers such as Nha Trang, Hai Phong, and Can Tho However, in recent years, the enrollment rate in fisheries-related industries such as fisheries, such as fishery products such as fishery products, etc farming, mining, shipbuilding and processing are very low Very few candidates register to study the professions mentioned above Therefore, the number of employees in the fisheries sector is very low, in many fields there is a shortage of labor such as fishing and aquaculture 2.4.4 Evaluation of preferential policies to support the development of the seafood market from the perspective of businesses, individual households, cooperatives/cooperative groups/teams Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the General Department of Fisheries, and the Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP) have implemented many trade promotion programs to create opportunities to expand consumption markets as well as opportunities for cooperation doing business for seafood processing and exporting enterprises Therefore, businesses highly appreciate the criteria of the richness, diversity and regularity of seafood trade promotion programs and the criterion of the level of satisfaction of enterprises in receiving market information , information about integration; opportunity to participate in trade promotion programs 2.5 General assessment of the current status of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries over the past time 2.5.1 Policy points of relevance Basically, policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries have been promulgated relatively synchronously, a number of new policies have been adjusted and promulgated overcome the limitations and shortcomings of the previous policy The content of policies such as preferential policies for land/water surface use, credit/investment support policies, infrastructure support policies, etc are now relatively appropriate, creating favorable conditions for various forms of development The form of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry, implementing investment projects in production, absorbing and applying new technologies, improving production efficiency, and expanding consumption markets domestic and export 2.5.2 The inappropriate points of the policy 2.5.2.1 About policy content Patchwork in amending, supplementing and perfecting policies continuously occurring over the years has left in practice instability, affecting the implementation of policies The policy-making process to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries is still heavily influenced by the old way, which is still basically internal, and imposes agencies of the state In policy-making, there is no strategic vision, systematic thinking, and no priority areas have been identified, leading to scattered and ineffective investment The situation of overlapping development strategies and policies within a field and between sectors, leading to encroachment or exaggeration, avoidance of responsibility, bureaucracy, corruption, fragmentation, spread of resources, reducing the feasibility of the policy The social criticism and policy advocacy, assessment of the impact of public policies before, during and after the promulgation is a weak stage 2.5.2.2 About policy implementation organization In the policy implementation stage, limitations and shortcomings were revealed, mainly due to the inability to ensure the timeliness, synchronism and consistency in the implementation organization, especially in some policies on credit and investment promotion land, preferential treatment The institutionalization of guidelines and policies of the Party and State, planning and implementation programs are not timely 19 20 Administrative procedures are cumbersome and complicated, making it difficult to implement policies Propaganda and dissemination of policies to relevant stakeholders (authorities, enforcers and people) is still not timely, complete, and clear, leading to incomplete understanding or even understanding wrong policy The inspection and supervision work is not timely, formal and lacks substance The handling of complaints and denunciations of law violations during the implementation process is still slow, in many cases not yet ensuring fairness and strictness, which has adversely affected the implementation of public policies 2.5.2.3 About the implementation of the policy The system of policies has been promulgated quite a lot, but the implementation is still inadequate due to the policy itself and the implementing agencies The lack of sanctions and ineffective policy enforcement also lead to the ineffectiveness of product sales contracts between cooperatives/THTs and enterprises The policy evaluation is sometimes one-way, only reflecting the comments of the state agencies, but not paying enough attention to the feedback from society, from the subjects that the policy is aimed at 2.5.2.4 The age of the policy Preferential and supportive policies are the ones with the lowest enforcement effect, and are outdated, not keeping up with the changing realities and development trends of the market and international integration The authorities have not yet issued a set of criteria/mechanism for evaluation and monitoring of the implementation of policies, leading to the implementation of the monitoring work has not been implemented specifically and methodically; shortcomings and shortcomings in the process of policy implementation have not been detected in time, so the remedying is very slow, creating many bottlenecks and thereby reducing the effectiveness of the issued policies The involvement and role of beneficiaries in policy evaluation is still low and unclear There is no effective mechanism to monitor, record and process people's feedback on policy implementation 2.5.3 Causes of limitations and inadequacies 2.5.3.1 Inadequacies in content Policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products are generally considered to be lacking in breakthroughs and not have the role of "lever" to promote cooperation and real development quality, sustainability, and limited effectiveness Lacking a strict support, monitoring and evaluation process, current policies have not completely solved the situation that cooperatives, cooperative groups and production teams have "birth" but cannot or very difficult to "death" 2.5.3.2 About implementing organization With more than 100 legal documents, it is easy to see the overlap in relevant policies on promoting forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products Many new policies only stop at the regulations on paper or the efficiency is not high, making the links and cooperation not promote production and business efficiency CHAPTER 3: VIEWPOINTS, SOLUTIONs, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FINISHING POLICY FOR PROMOTION FORMS OF COOPERATION AND LINKS IN PRODUCTION - CONSUMPTION OF PRODUCTS IN VIETNAM'S AQUARIUS INDUSTRY BY 2030 3.1 International, regional and domestic contexts affect the finalization of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 3.1.1 The international and regional context affects the completion of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 First, the strong development of science and technology Second, the increasingly unpredictable impact of global climate change Third, globalization and international economic integration are still the main trends affecting the world's economic development, although there has been an increase in resistance to it in recent times Fourth, political and military instability is still complicated in some regions, adversely affecting the overall socio-economic development of the world, as well as of each country 3.1.2 The domestic context affects the completion of policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 International economic integration in Vietnam fisheries has been opening up great opportunities, such as helping to expand markets to promote trade, thereby contributing to socio-economic growth and development ; creating a driving force to promote economic restructuring of the fishery industry, improving the business investment environment, improving the efficiency and competitiveness of products and businesses, increasing the ability to attract investment into the industry through foreign direct investment and technology transfer from advanced countries 21 22 Fishery is considered as one of the fields of international integration, accessing export markets quite early compared to other fields of the Agriculture and Rural Development sector and has achieved many important results 3.2 Viewpoints and orientations to improve policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 3.2.1 Perspective on completing policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 Viewpoint 1: Innovating the policy making process to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry towards democracy, mobilizing the effective participation of the whole society , especially the team of experts in policy formulation Step by step create a policy making process that is compact, convenient but scientific, with high socio-economic efficiency Amending and supplementing to perfect the policy appraisal and approval mechanism, especially for major and important policies that have direct and long-term impacts on the common interests of the whole society Viewpoint Improve policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the fisheries sector that must be complied with and in line with international economic institutions, first of all, commitments International agreements Vietnam has signed and joined, and at the same time takes advantage of free trade agreements that Vietnam participates in to consistently implement the policy of proactive international integration Viewpoint Completing policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry should ensure more efficient and more sustainable chain-linked production activities compared with single production and must be suitable to the specific natural and socio-economic conditions of the regions 3.2.2 Orientation to complete policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production - consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 Orientation In the context that Vietnam is increasingly integrating deeper into the world economy, international competition is getting fiercer, the promotion of forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products Linking production along the value chain in seafood is a key solution to improve the quality of our country's agricultural development in general and the fisheries sector in particular, so a priority policy system is needed synchronously, creating a strong enough motivation to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry Orientation Policies to encourage and promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the fishery industry must be linked with the practice of fisheries development, and support fishermen and farmers sustainable development of aquaculture and enterprises, practical and effective service for the policy of developing the fisheries sector, meeting the requirements of agricultural development in the trend of international economic integration Orientation Policies to encourage and promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the seafood industry must create a healthy competitive environment for all organizations and individuals involved in production in the seafood industry, promoting exports, and adapting to commitments in new-generation trade agreements in the context of deepening international economic integration 3.3 Solutions to improve policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries 3.3.1 For Central Firstly, it is necessary to change the policy making process and promote the participation and supervision of domestic and foreign enterprises and people in the policy making and implementation process Secondly, it is necessary to renew the policy-making process, policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production - consumption towards democracy, mobilizing the effective participation of the whole society, especially of experts in policy formulation Third, build a policy drafting board with the participation of many ministries and branches to avoid conflicts; It is necessary to establish a coordination mechanism among policy-making agencies Fourth, build a high-quality policy-making team with a broad view of the issues (The human factor is the core for good, people-pleasing and effective policies high); research group formation and policy design Fifth, in order to improve the quality and effectiveness of policy evaluation, it is necessary to make policy evaluation a mandatory content for a number of important policies of the State Sixth, develop adequate and correct policy evaluation criteria Depending on the field, there will be different policy evaluation criteria Seventh, to improve the effectiveness of policy implementation, it is necessary to ensure adequate resources for policy implementation Eighth, learn from international experiences in policy making, promulgation and implementation, in line with reality in our country 3.3.2 For localities Well implement programs to disseminate information and knowledge, improve capacity and support farmer organizations in market access (negotiation, contract signing), improve legal knowledge , legal aid; building, developing and managing 23 24 organizations such as production teams/cooperative groups at sea, cooperatives ; technical assistance and training on technical standards for farmers Strengthen local state management capacity in forms of cooperation and association in production - consumption Strengthening the role of connecting leading enterprises, subjects participating in cooperation and association in production - consumption with local authorities 3.3.3 Proposing to improve the policy 3.3.3.1 Proposing to improve the policy of creating a legal framework Develop and complete legal documents, Vietnamese Standards, and Vietnamese Standards to synchronize with the Decrees on aquaculture, exploitation, processing and export of aquatic products Develop mechanisms and policies to encourage and support the implementation of solutions for sustainable development of the commodity sector Strengthen research, propaganda and dissemination of the content of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements, thereby guiding management agencies, businesses, and farmers to maximize the advantages of the Agreements trade returns 3.3.3.2 Proposing improvement of preferential policies on land use Policy needs to come from planning, including regional planning, economic development of sea and islands, to the development of specific industries and fields The Government needs to focus on perfecting the major and important plans, performing the directional role with the socio-economic development of the central and local levels in the long term Review, supplement and complete legal documents and promptly implement the State's mechanisms and policies to encourage production development in the fields of agriculture and rural areas, especially policies incentives on land/water surface use to encourage support and promote the economic development of households and farms, forms of cooperation groups/cooperative groups at sea and businesses to facilitate resources for economic development cooperation in the field of agriculture in general and fisheries in particular 3.3.3.3 Proposing to improve policies to support infrastructure development It is necessary to develop a strategy to attract diversified capital sources to invest in infrastructure development of high-tech intensive intensive aquaculture zones, high-tech marine aquaculture zones, fishing ports, fishing wharfs, etc high-tech infrastructure… Actively support ongoing investment projects, at the same time review and resolutely recover the land of investment projects that cannot be implemented to arrange land for other investment projects that can be implemented implementation capacity, giving priority to projects directly associated with economic development of sea and islands Encourage economic sectors to build infrastructure by investing in each item such as investment in roads, canals, water supply systems, wastewater treatment systems, communication systems in the form of BOT Simplify the investment licensing process 3.3.3.4 Proposing to improve credit policy Develop a mechanism to coordinate with banks and credit institutions to improve access to credit capital of farmers and farms participating in cooperative groups, cooperatives and other forms of cooperative organizations production – consumption in the chain of agricultural products Develop mechanisms and policies to encourage and support the implementation of solutions for sustainable development of the commodity industry (public-private cooperation mechanism in research, credit and tax incentives, trade promotion promotion, etc.) Supplement policies to encourage processing enterprises to be the focal point of the value chain through preferential credit policies Build a specific mechanism for banks to boldly lend with collateral of fishermen, aquaculture farmers and businesses (just fishing boats formed from loans, infrastructure, technology, etc.) 3.3.3.5 Proposing to improve investment policy Completing policies to encourage attraction of infrastructure investment resources for rural areas; To further strengthen the mobilization of resources for agricultural development Formulate policies to promote and encourage foreign enterprises, enterprises and cooperatives to invest in the processing and consumption industry of agricultural products Formulate and perfect a number of policies to expand public-private cooperation in production development and socio-economic infrastructure construction Completing policies to encourage enterprises and cooperatives to invest in rural areas; 3.4 Some recommendations on conditions for implementing solutions to improve policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 To successfully implement the policies and solutions proposed above, it is necessary to ensure the following conditions: i) Implement synchronously all proposed policies and solutions A certain policy lacking, or out of sync with other policies, will make it difficult to develop forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption ii) There must continue to be a breakthrough change in thinking, awareness and importance in the development and completion of current policies for economic sectors in general and the fisheries sector in particular ii) Policies on land, finance, credit and S&T need to be strongly directed at removing barriers to the expansion and development of forms of association and 25 cooperation between production and business entities in the region production and consumption of products iii) It is necessary to have attractive mechanisms and policies to encourage and create conditions for FDI enterprises to strengthen cooperation and association with domestic enterprises in aquaculture production, exploitation and processing to improve seafood production High quality, ensuring safety and hygiene standards… iv) The development of policy documents must be clear, understandable and complete v) The proposed policies must be budgeted for policy implementation and clearly identify where the funding comes from The State allocates enough resources when the policy is approved Firmly implement the issued policies LIST OF RESEARCH OF AUTHOR RELATED TO THESIS TOPIC CONCLUSION Policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in the fishery industry need to be comprehensively considered in terms of preferential policies on land use, credit, investment, and political policies infrastructure support policies, market policies The policy of promoting forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries is implemented in the context that Vietnam participates in 16 FTAs, is an official member of the CPTPP, the objective The strategy and orientation for the development of the fisheries sector are set out quite clearly, but the policies and solutions to support still have many shortcomings arising in the process of policy implementation From the study of theoretical and practical bases in the policy to promote forms of cooperation and association in production and consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries in the context of integration, some conclusions can be drawn problems to discuss and apply The Government needs to create a close and effective coordination mechanism between ministries, departments and branches from central to local levels in formulating, planning and implementing policies to promote forms of cooperation and linkage in production – Consume products in the fisheries sector comprehensively in terms of preferential land use policy, credit policy, investment policy, infrastructure support policy, market policy as well as support policies to help Vietnam fisheries to be basically industrialized - modernized by 2020, and continue to develop comprehensively in a sustainable direction, into a large commodity production industry, with a structure and forms rationally organize production, have productivity, quality and efficiency, have a prestigious brand name, have high competitiveness and firmly integrate into the world economy Pham Thi Thuy Linh (2020), “Policy to promote forms of cooperation and association in the production and consumption of brackish water shrimp in the Mekong Delta”, Journal of the Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, pp.29-39 Pham Thi Thuy Linh, Nguyen Thanh Tung (2018), “A number of solutions to develop joint production and consumption contracts for pangasius in the Mekong Delta provinces”, Economic Management Journal, (84), pp 2229 Pham Thi Thuy Linh (2014), “The value chain of anchovies exploited in the South West Sea”, Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, pp.104113 Pham Thi Thuy Linh (2018), "Solutions to improve policies to promote forms of cooperation and association in production - consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries", Proceedings of the conference on fisheries science and technology for the period 2013-2018, Youth Publishing House, pp.129-139 Do Duc Binh, Pham Thi Thuy Linh (2018), "Policy to promote forms of cooperation and association in production - consumption of products in Vietnam fisheries: current status and complete solutions", National scientific conference "Institutional barriers for science - technology and innovation to promote economic growth in Vietnam", Economic Publishing House of Ho Chi Minh City, Tr, 175- 186 Pham Thi Thuy Linh (2018), “Determining the basic investment scale of some types of logistics services at grade I fishing ports suitable for Vietnamese fisheries”, Fisheries Information Bulletin, August 2018), NS 24-27 Pham Thi Thuy Linh (2018), “Organizational status of facilities providing fuel for the fishing industry at grade I fishing ports in our country”, Fisheries Information Bulletin, (9/2018), P 24-27 ... with the special attention of the People's Committees of the provinces in quickly identifying and promulgating a list of key agricultural products at the provincial level to attract customers... enterprises 1.1.1.4 Nguyên tắc hợp tác In Vietnam, the Law on Cooperatives (2012) clearly states principles of cooperative operation, including: 1/ Voluntary; 2/ Widely admitting members; 3/ Having... of products in Vietnam fisheries by 2030 Orientation In the context that Vietnam is increasingly integrating deeper into the world economy, international competition is getting fiercer, the promotion
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