Sach Ngu phap Tieng Anh 08 Hoc Ky 2

Chúng ta cũng thường kết hợp thì simple past và past continuous trong cùng một câu để diễn đạt ý hành động nào đó đang xảy ra thì có một hành động khác xuất hiện trong quá trình đó.. Whi[r]

GRAMMAR

IN USE

Second Term

LÊ CÔNG ĐỨC

Language focus

LỜI NÓI ĐẦU

Xin chào quý thầy cô, quý phụ huynh, cùng các em học sinh thân mến!

Chắc hẳn quý phụ huynh và thầy cô luôn trăn trở về nguồn tài liệu nào để giúp cho các em

có được kiến thức tổng hợp nhất cho con em và học trò mình Kiến thức bám sát chương trình học vừa phù hợp cho các em theo kịp kiến thức trong chương trình sách giáo khoa mà còn mở rộng các kiến thức nâng cao cho các em em có nhu cầu cải thiện tiếng Anh cho riêng mình Để tiết kiệm thời gian biên soạn, tác giả đã tổng hợp các kiến thức theo mỗi đơn vị bài trong chương trình tiếng Anh 8 để cho các em dễ tra cứu và tham khảo khi cần thiết nhằm phục vụ cho chương trình học của mình

Quyển sách trang bị các kiến thức căn bản nhất để các em trang bị kiến thức nền vững chắc Bên cạnh đó, tác giả đã thiết kế nhiều dạng bài tập cùng vơi giải thích ngắn gọn, súc tích và

dễ hiểu để các em có thể phát huy sự độc lập của bản thân trong việc tự học

Tác giả tin rằng mỗi cá nhân các em là những học sinh ưu tú, những học sinh mà khi các em

nỗ lực hết mình và đam mê học tập, thì kết quả cao trong các đợt kiểm tra là điều không có gì ngạc nhiên! Tôi tin điều đó

UNIT 08: COUNTRYLIFE AND CITY LIFE

UNIT 8 GRAMMAR 1 Present continuous:

Cách thành lập thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

Khẳng

định Subject + am/ is/ are + Ving

 They are learning English in class

 She is working in the factory

 I am writing a letter

Phủ

đinh

Subject + + Ving  They aren’t doing their homework

 She isn’t playing the piano

 I am not listening to music

Câu

hỏi (Wh-) + subject + + Ving?

 Are you playing soccer now?

No, I am not Yes, I am

 What is she doing at the moment? She’s sweeping the floor

 Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn được dùng để diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra ngay khi nói Thường đi kèm với một số từ chỉ thời gian như: at the moment, at the present, right now

 They are playing badminton at the moment

 She’s speaking English with her friends right now

 Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn diễn tả hành động đang trong quá trình xảy ra hoặc đang có

xu hướng tốt hơn hoặc xấu hơn

 My parents are building a new house

 The air is becoming more and more polluted

 He is getting taller and taller

 Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn diễn tả một kế hoạch nào đó sẽ đang xảy ra trong tương lai Lưu ý, kế hoạch này đã được bàn bạc với một ai đó về thời gian, địa điểm sẽ thực hiện

 I can’t go out with you this weekend because I am playing chess with my younger brother then

 What are you doing tomorrow evening? – I’m playing tennis

PRACTICE 1 Write the right usage of present continuous next to each sentence

1 She’s listening to music now Don’t annoy her _

2 They are doing a computer course _

3 Tonight we’re watching with our parents _

4 I’m visiting my grandmother this evening _

5 At the moment Mike is staying in Laos _

6 I’m doing a one-year course in tourism _

7 This Saturday he’s doing the gardening

8 Ann is reading a very interesting novel _

9 Jane’s travelling around America for a month _

10 This Friday evening I’m watch a movie with

am not

is not are not

am

is are

PRACTICE 2 Supply the correct form of the present continuous with the given verbs

1 My friends _ (have) breakfast in Sake café now

2 I _ (sit) in a restaurant to wait for my friend at the moment

3 My father _ (paint) his room at the present

4 My teacher _ (write) a grammar book for her English class

5 A: Where are you now? – B: I _ (walk) in the park with my mom

6 The weather _ (get) very cold these days

7 Students _ (plant) some trees in the school yard at the moment

8 You _ (listen) to Adele singing, right? Her voice is very great

9 Where is Milu? – It _ (sleep) under the table

PRACTICE 3 Supply the correct form of the present continuous with the given verbs

1 She _ (not clean) up the floor, but she’s watching cartoon on TV

2 We _ (not study) English right now, we’re studying French

3 He _ (not take) some photos of wild birds in the forest

4 It _ (not rain) now, it’s sunny

5 I _ (not listen) to music, I’m typing a letter

6 They _ (not work) now, they’re going on holiday in Japan

7 You _ (not do) your homework I can hear that you’re listening to music at the moment

8 John _ (not drink) coffee with his friends now, he’s sleeping

9 Peter and his parents _ (not play) tennis, they’re playing badminton PRACTICE 4 Complete the questions below

1 (you/ live in Rach Gia now?) No, (I / live / in Ho Chi Minh City)

2 (she/ study English right now?) Yes, (she/ study English now)

3 (they / wash their hands now?) No, (they / wash their clothes)

4 (I / work / well enough, Sir?) Yes, (you / work / very well)

5 (Where / you / live now?) (They / live / in Vietnam.)

2 This school is bigger than my school (big)

Chú ý: Nếu không đề cập đối tượng so sánh

thì “than” không dùng

 A is cheaper

1 Nam is the tallest boy (tall)

2 This one is the cheapest (cheap)

2 Tận

cùng

bằng –

y

1 Math is easier than English I think (easy)

2 Vegetables are healthier than meat.(healthy)

1 Exercise 5 is the easiest (easy)

2 This is the busiest road (busy)

1 Good / well the best

 A is the best student

 A is the best

2 Bad  the worst

 A is the worst student

 A is the worst

PRACTICE 1 Supply the correct superlative forms of given adjectives below

1 I think my house is _ (good) place in the world

2 Tokyo is _ (expensive) city in the world

3 In may class, Nam is _ (tall) student No one is taller than him

4 Who in your family speaks English _ (well)

5 I think English is _ (difficult) subject It requires hard work to

do well

6 Tom is _ (friendly) person in my neighborhood

7 This is _ (bad) thing that I have ever done

8 Among the four skills of learning English I think reading is _ (easy)

9 _ (essential) thing to improve your English is practice

10 Nguyen Trung Truc Street is one of _ (busy) streets in Rach Gia

City

PRACTICE 2 Supply the correct comparative forms of the given adjectives below

1 I think that golf is (interesting) tennis

2 English is (easy) than math

3 I’m a good player, but Eric is (good) me

4 We both played well, but he was (lucky) me

5 Your car is (powerful) my car

6 This watch is (expensive) this watch

7 The Nile is (long) Amazon

8 This chair is (comfortable) that chair

9 Driving is (dangerous) flying

PRACTICE 3 Supply the correct comparative or superlative forms of the given

adjectives below

1 My new house is _ (expensive) my old house

2 Among 36 students in my class, Toàn is _ (good) student

3 Tính speaks English _ (well) Hoàng does

4 This printer is _ (cheap) that printer

5 Summer is _ (hot) season of a year

6 Eating vegetables is _ (healthy) eating animals’ meat

7 Of all the watches in the shop, this one is _ (expensive)

8 Sơn Đoòng Cave is _ (large) cave in the world

9 The environment in the countryside is _ (fresh) that in the city

10 Your essay is _ (good) my essay

11 Tom runs _ (fast) Tony

12 Paolo is _ (tall) boy in my class No one is taller than him

PRACTICE 4 Circle the best answer to complete the sentences below

1 He studies English me

A weller than B the best C better than D the better than

2 Of all the students in my class, Tony is _ student

A more studious B the most studious

C the most studious than D the more studious than

3 Medical facilities in city hospitals are those in countryside hospitals

A the most accessible than B more accessible than

C the most accessible D the more accessible than

UNIT 9 A FIRST-AID COURSE (pages 86 – 88)

UNIT 9 GRAMMAR 1  IN ORDER TO, SO AS TO

MỆNH ĐỀ MỤC ĐÍCH (CLAUSE OF PURPOSE)

1 MỆNH ĐỀ MỤC ĐÍCH

Hãy xem ví dụ sau và chú ý vào những từ in đậm

1 I composed these exercises so that my students can understand how to use the simple past

2 My mother usually gets up early in order that she can prepare breakfast for the whole family

Hãy trả lời các câu hỏi sau đây:

a Hãy gạch chân những mệnh đề trong mỗi câu Mệnh đề in đậm được dùng để làm gì?

b Chúng ta có thể không dùng mệnh đề in đậm cho những câu trên không? Vì sao?

Ghi nhớ công thức sau:

1 My mother gets up early to prepare breakfast for the whole family

2 I try to finish my homework in order to play soccer with my friends this afternoon

3 Tony did all of his given exercises so as to get good scores in his next English test

4 Tom told lies in order not to be punished by his parents

5 He got up very early so as not to be late for his important meeting

Hãy trả lời các câu hỏi sau đây:

a Trong 5 ví dụ trên, đoạn in đậm có khác gì so với phần in đậm ở phần 1?

b Trong cụm từ mục đích, làm cách nào để diễn đạt ý phủ định với cụm mục đích này? Ghi nhớ công thức sau:

Subject + verbs + (object) so as to

in order to

We do morning exercise every day so as to stay in shape

We try to English well in order to communicate with foreigners

My younger brother gets up early in order not to be late for school

+ subject + can/ could/ will…+ verb

+ verb + others

PRACTICE 1 Circle the correct answer to complete the sentences below

1 We try to finish all of given exercises before Tết _ we can really enjoy the holiday comfortably

A to B in order to C so that D so as to

2 He waters the trees regularly _ the trees can grow fast and well

A so as that B in order that C in order to D because

3 She walked quickly _ avoid some strangers following behind her

A so that B so as not to C in order that D in order to

4 We are revising the previous units _ bad scores in the next math test

A so that B in order not to get

C so as to not get D so as to getting

5 Minh plays soccer every day _ he can become a professional soccer player

A in order to B in order that C so as that D so as not to

PRACTICE 2 Combine two single sentences into a compound sentence with the given word in the end of each sentence

1 Students in Phan Huy Chu School always put garbage in dust bins They can keep their school clean and environmental (in order to)

UNIT 9 GRAMMAR 2  FUTURE SIMPLE

1 Cách dùng:

 Thì tương lai đơn diễn tả các thông tin xảy ra đúng trong tương lai, khó thay đổi được

Tháng tới mình sẽ được 14 tuổi

 Diễn tả dự đoán việc gì đó sẽ xảy ra theo ý kiến cá nhân

Tôi nghĩ ngày mai trời sẽ mưa

 Diễn đạt hành động sẽ làm ngay khi nói ra

Được rồi tôi sẽ giúp bạn

2 Công thức diễn đạt thời điểm TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

1 I will help you

2 You will be 14 next month

3 She will call you tomorrow

4 He will be late I think

5 They will come here tomorrow

6 We will meet at 6:45 tomorrow

evening

7 It will rain I think

Ghi chú: Viết tắt

I will = I’ll You will = You’ll

He will = He’ll She will = She’ll

They will = They’ll We will = We’ll

It will = It’ll

1 I will not help you

2 You will not be 14 next month

3 She will not call you tomorrow

4 He will not be late I think

5 They will not come here tomorrow

6 We will not meet at 6:45 tomorrow evening

7 It will not rain I think

Ghi chú: Viết tắt Will not = Won’t (sẽ không)

DẠNG CÂU HỎI

1 Will you be free tomorrow? Yes, I will No, I won’t

2 Will they win the game? Yes, they will No, they won’t

CÁC TRẠNG TỪ THỜI GIAN TƯƠNG LAI

Tomorrow : ngày mai Next week: tuần tới

Đặc biệt:

Với chủ từ I và We chúng ta có thể sử dụng SHALL thay thế WILL trong cách diễn đạt ý ĐỀ NGHỊ hoặc ĐƯA RA LỜI MỜI

ĐƯA RA LỜI MỜI:

Shall I make you a cup of coffee?

(Tôi sẽ làm cho bạn ly cà phê nhé?)

ĐƯA RA LỜI ĐỀ NGHỊ:

Shall we see a movie tonight?

(Chúng ta sẽ đi xem phim được chứ?)

PRACTICE 1 Complete the sentences below with the FUTURE SIMPLE

1 They (watch) that movie tonight I think

2 He (be) 16 years old next month

3 I (make) you a cup of coffee

4 We (phone) you tomorrow Saturday

5 She (win) the tennis match tomorrow

6 You _ (score) a goal

7 It _ (rain) tomorrow

8 Andy and Scott _ (like) this hat I think

9 Peter _ (answer) the phone

PRACTICE 2 Complete the sentences below with negative forms of the FUTURE

SIMPLE

1 They (not like) that dress I think

2 I (not be) 15 next month, but I’ll be 14 years old

3 She (not call) you tomorrow because she will be busy

4 They (not go) to the movie tonight I think

5 It (not rain) tomorrow

6 I think she _ (be) a teacher

7 We think it _ (rain) tomorrow It’ll be sunny

8 They _ (answer) the phone

9 He _ (get) wet because he has a raincoat

PRACTICE 3 Make questions for the given words in each sentence below

1 (you/be) here tomorrow? Yes, I _

2 When (we/ meet)?

3 (win/she) tomorrow? No, she

4 Where (meet/we)?

5 (make/I) a cup of coffee?

6 Will he make a basket? () (probably)

7 Will it rain tomorrow? (x) I think

8 Will she sing a song? (x)

PRACTICE 4 Use the words below to make requests with Will or Shall

1 Mother: I feel very tired (take) some water for me,

Hoa? The journey was too long and it made me exhausted

Hoa: Yes, of course, mom Just lie there and I’ll bring you some hot water

2 Boss: I am writing an important email, and it’s very hot in here?

(turn on) the air-conditioner for me, please? Assistant: Yes, of course, sir Would you like some cold drink?

Boss: Yeap That’s what I want Thank you very much

3 Father: (empty) the garbage can, please? Give me a

hand because I am helping your mom to take care of your younger sister Tuan: It’s OK, dad I’ll do it right away

4 The board is very dirty and your teacher is going to teach your class in a few

minutes If you are a monitor, what will you say to your classmate who takes in

charge of cleaning the class?

5 When you are in the schoolyard and you see your teacher carrying a very heavy bag, you want to help her What will you say to her?

6 The phone is ringing and you are in the kitchen cooking lunch What would you say

to your brother to ask him for help?

7 You are studying and your elder brother is listening to very loud music What would you say to him to ask him to turn down the music?

PRACTICE 5 Supply the correct tense to complete the passage

Tina is my classmate, in class 8/1 She (travel) to school by bicycle every day She likes cycling because it helps her to be healthier and stronger Moreover, this habit helps to protect the environment, too Next week, she (organize) her fourteenth birthday party and invite all of us to her house

to enjoy the party with her We (discuss) what present we should buy for her Eventually, we (decide) to buy a new bicycle for her We (go) to Chín Triệu’s this afternoon to choose a good one Tina We’re sure that she (be) extremely happy with the gift When (you/ organize) your birthday party? And what gift do you want to receive Please write here to share with us

UNIT10 RECYCLING (pages 95 – 97)

UNIT 10 GRAMMAR 1  PASSIVE FORMS OF SIMPLE PRESENT

1 Định nghĩa: Thể bị động (passive voice) được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh hành động hoặc đối

tượng được thực hiện Khi người viết không biết hoặc không chú trọng vào người thực hiện

hành động

English is spoken all over the world

Khi nói câu này, người viết chỉ chú trọng đến đối tượng được sử dụng là tiếng Anh, chứ

không chú trọng để người nói tiếng này nên tiếng Anh được đưa lên làm chủ từ

2 Cách thành lập dạng bị động

Dạng bị động ở hiện tại đơn

ACTIVE: (1) People plant trees to protect the environment

(2) People speak English all over the world

a Bạn hãy ghi động từ chính trong câu trên _

b Động từ đó, sử dụng ở thì nào? _

c Từ nào thực hiện hành động đó? _

d Đối tượng được thực hiện là từ nào? _

PASSIVE: (1) Trees are planted to protect the environment (by people)

(2) English is spoken all over the world (by people)

a Động từ chính có sự thay đổi gì? _

b Chủ từ trong câu là từ nào? _

c by people trong ngoặc có ý nghĩa gì? _

ACTIVE: My mother wakes up me every morning

PASSIVE: I am waken up every morning by my mother

Theo bạn vì sao by my mother không để trong ngoặc?

CÔNG THỨC GHI NHỚ:

Chủ từ bị động + +Ved/3 am is

are

Quy tắc chuyển từ ACTIVE sang PASSIVE

1 Tìm đối tượng được thực hiện

PRACTICE 1 Change the sentences below into passive forms

0 Somebody cleans the office every day

 The office is cleaned every day

1 People plant rice in tropical countries

PRACTICE 2 Change the sentences below into passive forms

1 My mother doesn’t use Facebook to communicate with her friends

PRACTICE 3: Make questions in passive forms for the sentences

1 Yes, rice is planted in Asian countries

2 No, articles are written by journalists

3 No, we are taught by teachers

4 When Tennis is played in the morning or evening

5 Why

 English is spoken all over the world because it’s an international language

UNIT 10 GRAMMAR 2  PASSIVE FORMS OF PRESENT CONTINUOUS

ACTIVE: (1) They are building a new hospital in the town

(2) She is planting some trees in the garden behind her house

a Bạn hãy ghi động từ chính trong câu trên _

b Động từ đó, sử dụng ở thì nào? _

c Từ nào thực hiện hành động đó? _

d Đối tượng được thực hiện là từ nào? _

PASSIVE: (1) A new hospital is being built in the town (by them)

(2) Some trees are being planted in the garden behind her house (by her)

a Động từ chính có sự thay đổi gì? _

b Chủ từ trong câu là từ nào? _

c by them, by her trong ngoặc có ý gì? _

ACTIVE: My mother is cooking dinner at this time yesterday

PASSIVE: Dinner is being cooked at this time by my mother yesterday

Theo bạn vì sao by my mother không để trong ngoặc?

CÔNG THỨC GHI NHỚ:

PRACTICE 1 Change the sentences below into passive forms

0 They are making a cup of tea

 A cup of tea is being made (by them)

1 Some students are planting trees in the school garden

Quy tắc chuyển từ ACTIVE sang PASSIVE

1 Tìm đối tượng được thực hiện

4 They are scattering used tea leaves under the sun

PRACTICE 2:Change the sentences below into negative passive

0 They are not washing clothes

 Clothes are not being washed (= Clothes aren’t being washed.)

1 They aren’t paying attention to the lesson

UNIT 10 GRAMMAR 3  PASSIVE FORMS OF MODAL VERBS

1 Định nghĩa: Thể bị động [passive voice] được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh hành động hoặc đối

tượng Khi người viết không biết hoặc không chú trọng vào người thực hiện hành động

More English homework must be done carefully before the test

Khi nói câu này, người viết chỉ chú trọng đến đối tượng More English homework chứ

không chú trọng nhiều đến (ai đó) người nào làm bài tập tiếng Anh

2 Cách thành lập dạng bị động với động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verbs)

Một số động từ khiếm khuyết

Must

mustn’t have to don’t have to has to had to

didn’t have to should shouldn’t can can’t

couldn’t will will not Dạng bị động của những động từ khiếm khuyết

ACTIVE: (1) People should plant more trees to protect the environment

(2) I must cook dinner tonight

a Bạn hãy ghi động từ chính trong câu trên _

b động từ đó, sử dụng dạng động từ nào? _

c Từ nào thực hiện hành động đó? _

d Đối tượng được thực hiện là từ nào? _

PASSIVE: (1) More trees should be planted to protect the environment

(2) Dinner must be cooked (by me) tonight

a Động từ chính có sự thay đổi gì? _

b Chủ từ trong câu là từ nào? _

c by me trong ngoặc có ý nghĩa gì? _

ACTIVE: Tom can cook dinner tonight

PASSIVE: Dinner can be cooked by Tom tonight

Theo bạn vì sao by Tom không để trong ngoặc? _

CÔNG THỨC GHI NHỚ:

Chủ từ bị động + can + be + V3/ed

could

… Quy tắc chuyển từ ACTIVE sang PASSIVE

1 Tìm đối tượng được thực hiện

PRACTICE 1 Change the sentences below into passive forms

1 We shouldn’t leave children at home alone because it is very dangerous

 Children shouldn’t be left at home alone because it is very dangerous

2 You must lock all doors carefully before leaving for work

1 They cannot finish their essays before Monday

1 _ Yes, homework must be done before school

2 _ Because watching too much TV is not good

3 _ The project should be handed in by 7:30pm

4 _ Yes, trees ought to be planted on the streets

5 _ Yes, English must be taught for children

UNIT 10 GRAMMAR 4

 ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY VERB AND NOUN CLAUSE

1 Thông thường theo sau tính từ, hoặc cụm tính từ chúng ta thường sử dụng to-infinitive Subject + be (am/is/are …) + adjective + (for sb) + to-infinitive

1 It’s difficult to do this math problem

2 He was ashamed to speak to her again

3 I am sorry to disturb you

4 It was very kind of you to help me like that

Nếu các bạn muốn nếu lên đối tượng thì chúng ta thêm vào

for sb to do sth khi chủ từ không đề cập đến đối tượng trực tiếp

It’s difficult for me to do this math problem

2 Nếu chúng ta không dùng động từ nguyên mẫu có to (to-infinitive) chúng ta có thể sử dụng mệnh đề that để diễn đạt

Subject + be (am/is/are/was/were …) + adjective + (that) + subject + verb

1 I am very glad that you like my present

2 I am very pleased that you are improving your English skills

3 They were amazed that you could win the first prize

Lưu ý: Với dạng này các bạn có thể chuyển từ mệnh đề sang cụm động từ nguyên mẫu có to

We were pleased that we received the letter

 We were pleased to receive the letter

PRACTICE 1 Choose a suitable verb in the box to complete the sentences each

speak go answer leave behave tell tell

win hear play finish play believe wait

1 It was too difficult _ the questions

2 It is very kind of you _ with me to the party

3 He was ashamed _ to her again

4 I am sorry _ badly towards you

5 He was delighted _ us about his high-score result

6 It was very careless of him _ the bike outside the house

7 I feel disappointed _ you that you failed the exam

8 Are you ready _ the game with us?

9 We are lucky _ the first prize in the competition

10 I was content _ for you Never mind

11 She was anxious _ her school and get a job

12 She was extremely surprised _ that

13 The babies are eager _ with their toys

14 It is hard _ that it is the truth

Một số tính từ thông dụng difficult, easy, safe, unsafe, dangerous, good, bad, healthy, comfortable, uncomfortable, ashamed, pleased, amazed, surprised, expensive, delighted, sorry, careful, careless, hard, eager, anxious, confident, content, disappointed, lucky

PRACTICE 2: Add a specific object in each sentence to make them clearer

1 It was very difficult to solve this issue (the government)

1 It is (unbelievable / you / not know the answer) _

2 He is (amazed / I / win the first prize)

3 I’m (sorry / I / break your bike)

4 I am (disappointed / people / spoil this area) _

5 We are (surprised / he / fail / in the last exam) PRACTICE 4 Indicate a mistake in each sentence

1 It’s hard studying English, but it’s interesting

2 It’s no necessary to bring an umbrella with us

3 It’s easy for I to study math

4 He is very difficult to understanding

5 It’s important for you and I to learn English

UNIT 11 TRAVELLING AROUND VIETNAM (pages 106 – 109) UNIT 11 GRAMMAR 1  PAST CONTINUOUS

1 Cách dùng: Diễn tả hành động đang xảy tại một thời gian nào đó trong quá khứ Thông thường có đề cập đến thời gian hành động đang xảy ra giữa chừng như at this time last week, at 7 a.m yesterday, etc

1 I was listening to music

2 She was hiking yesterday

3 They were playing volleyball

Dùng để diễn đạt khi hành động A đang xảy ra thì có một hành động B nào đó nảy sinh trong quá trình hành động A xảy ra Khi đó, hành động đang xảy ra chúng ta dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, còn hành động nảy sinh ta dùng quá khứ đơn

2 Quy tắc chia thì

KHẲNG

ĐỊNH

You/ We/They + were + verb-ing

We were riding bicycles

They were swimming

You were singing

Tony and Scott were watching TV

I/ He/She/It + was + verb-ing

I was swimming

He was dancing

She was studying English

It was raining yesterday

Tony was playing soccer

PHỦ

ĐỊNH You/ We/They + were not + V-ing

We were not playing video games

You weren’t singing, right?

They weren’t reading books

Tony and Scott weren’t watching TV

I/He/She/It + was not + verb-ing

I wasn’t swimming

He was not dancing

She wasn’t studying English

It wasn’t doing my homework

Tony wasn’t playing soccer

CÂU

HỎI (Wh-) were + you/we/they + Ving?

Were you watching TV?

 No, I was not

Were they studying Geography?

 Yes, they were

Who were you playing soccer with?

 We were playing soccer

Was + I/he/she/it + verb-ing?

Was he wearing jeans?

 Yes, he was

Was she eating kimchi?

 No, she wasn’t

What was she doing yesterday?

 She was planting flowers

PRACTICE 1 Supply the correct verb forms of the verbs in the brackets

1 They _ (ride) bicycles

2 We _ (play) the piano in the living room

3 He _ (listen) to the radio at 7:00 yesterday

4 I _ (study) English yesterday

5 She _ (make) some cookies for us

6 You _ (talk) on the telephone, right?

7 Kate _ (do) her English homework

8 Kate and Andy _ (swim) in the pool

9 It _ (rain) at this time yesterday

PRACTICE 2 Complete the sentences with the negative forms of PAST CONTINUOUS

1 I _ (have) fried noodles I was having some rice

2 Andy _ (cook) rice She was making some cookies

3 We _ (watch) TV We were listening to music

4 They _ (play) soccer They were playing basketball then

5 You _ (do) homework You were playing computer games

6 He _ (swim), he was watching Tom and Jerry

7 Andy and Scott _ (dance) They were watching TV

8 She _ (speak) Vietnamese She was speaking English

9 It _ (rain), it was shining

PRACTICE 3 Make questions for these following sentences

1 was / what / doing / at 7:00 p.m yesterday / she?

UNIT 11 GRAMMAR 2  DO YOU MIND …? – WOULD YOU MIND …?

1 Chúng ta sử dụng Would you mind và Do you mind để nhờ ai đó làm gì đó hoặc xin phép một cách lịch sự Thường thường Would you mind sẽ lịch sự hơn Do you mind

2 Cách sử dụng

1 Cách 1: Hỏi người đối diện có phiền không nếu ai đó làm việc gì đó

1 Would you mind if I used your cell phone now?

2 Do you mind if I use your cell phone now?

Lưu ý:

2 Cách 2: Khi chúng ta dùng Would you mind/ Do you mind mà không đề cập đế chủ

từ, mà sử dụng một động từ trực tiếp sau Would you mind / Do you mind thì chúng ta dùng như sau:

1 Would you mind sending those mails for me?

2 Do you mind staying with the kids?

3 Would you mind not smoking here?

Hoặc

1 Would you mind John’s staying with me?

2 Do you mind my sister’s coming with us to the picnic?

Lưu ý:

3 Cách trả lời

1 Would you mind if I opened the window?

2 Would you mind if I smoked here?

3 Do you mind if I smoke here?

- No, not at all

(Ồ không, không sao cả.)

(Vâng, tôi phiền đấy.)

 Would you mind if + subject + simple past?

 Do you mind if + subject + simple present?

 Would you mind + Ving

 Do you mind + Ving

 Would you mind + somebody’s + Ving

 Do you mind + somebody’s + Ving



PRACTICE 1 Complete the sentences with the correct verb tense

1 Would you mind if she _ (ride) you to work?

2 Do you mind if my husband _ (drive) the car because you need time to keep calm, John?

3 Would you mind if I _ (invite) him to our party?

4 Do you mind if they _ (stay) over tonight?

5 Would you mind if the children (not come) along with us this evening?

6 Would you mind if we _(not be) able to come to the meeting on time because we are in the traffic jam?

7 Do you mind if I (be not) able to go out with you tonight because I will be a little busy then? Sorry for not coming

PRACTICE 2 Complete the sentences with a suitable verb in the box with its correct verb forms

1 Do you mind _ here because I have a headache?

2 Would you mind if I _ your phone charger?

3 Would you mind _ the room for me, John? Don’t just sit on the sofa and watch TV all the time

4 Do you mind if she _ the back door? She is freezing

5 Would you mind if I _ down?

PRACTICE 3 Rewrite the sentences below with given phrases

1 Can I open the window?

 Would you mind

2 Can I borrow your car?

 Do you mind if

3 I would like to use your phone charger Could you lend me yours?

 Would you mind

4 “Don’t stand here please.”

 Would you mind

5 I am away for a few days, no one takes care of my cats

 Would you mind

use clean sit not smoke close

UNIT 11 GRAMMAR 3  HIỆN TẠI PHÂN TỪ VÀ QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ

ĐỊNH NGHĨA: Khi động từ không có dạng tính từ riêng của nó thì người ta sẽ dùng phân từ của động từ đó để làm tính từ

1 Hiện tại phân từ (Present participle): được sử dụng với chức năng tính từ để nói về người hay vật là chủ thể của hành động gây cho người khác cảm giác như sợ hãi, ngạc nhiên, bất ngờ

The ghost was very frightening The news was surprising

2 Quá khứ phân từ (Past participle): được sử dụng với chức năng tính từ khi mô tả cảm giác của người khác khi bị những hành động nào đó làm sinh ra cảm giác như sợ hãi, ngạc nhiên, bất ngờ

The ghost made me frightened I was frightened

Meaning

1 interest interesting interested thích thú, thú vị

2 embarrass _ embarrassed xấu hổ

3 excite exciting háo hức

4 disappoint _ disappointed thất vọng

5 exhaust exhausting Đuối, mệt lã

6 surprise _ surprised ngạc nhiên

7 confuse _ confused bối rối

8 frighten frightening sợ hãi

9 annoy _ annoyed phiền phức

Quá khứ phân từ (Past participle)

Hiện tại phân từ (Present participle)

1 There’s nothing to see It’s so boring I am very bored with this program

2 The trip was very interesting I was very interested in it

3 It was an moving film

4 We were disappointed with the result

5 I was confused Can you say all that again?

6 Stop talking It’s very annoying

PRACTICE:1 Choose the correct adjctive in brackets ( ) to put in the gaps

1 It was a terrible play and I was _ (bored/boring) from start to finish

2 I’m very _ (excited/exciting) because I’m going to New York tomorrow

3 Are you _ (surprising/surprised) or were you expecting this news?

4 I’m reading a very _ (interested/interesting) book at the moment

5 I’ve had a very _ (tired/tiring) day at work today and I want to go bed

6 Most people were (surprised/ surprising) that he won the championship

7 I’m _ (bored/boring) Let’s go out for a cup of coffee somewhere

8 Visit our _ (excited/exciting) new shop

9 His speech was very long and very _ (bored/boring)

10 Are you _ (interested/interesting) in football?

PRACTICE 2 Complete each sentence using the correct word from the box Use each word once

1 Your idea is very _ Tell me more about it

2 He told me a very _ story I laughed and laughed

3 This is a terribly _ book Nothing happens in it

4 She’s _ in politics and often talks about it

5 The map was _and I got lost

6 She was _ because she had nothing to do all day

7 Everyone else thought it was funny, but she wasn’t _

8 Could you repeat that, please? I’m a bit _ because it was very

complicated

9 It is _ that she failed the exam, because she’s a good student

10 Everyone was _ by the sudden noise

bored interested surprising amusing confused

boring amused confusing surprised interesting

interesting

UNIT 11 GRAMMAR 4 CỤM HIỆN TẠI PHÂN TỪ VÀ QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ

1 1 Cụm hiện tại phân từ là cụm từ bắt đầu bằng V-ing (present participles) Cụm quá khứ phân từ là cụm từ bắt đầu bằng Ved/3 (past participles) Thông thường cụm hiện tại phân từ thường mang ý chủ động hoặc hành động đang xảy ra, còn cụm quá khứ phân từ lại mang nghĩa bị động hoặc hành động đã xảy ra

1 Jumping out of the boat

2 Made to do homework before going to study

2 Khi nào thì sử dụng?

Cụm hiện tại phân từ và quá khứ phân từ được sử dụng để đưa ra thông tin chi tiết và rõ ràng hơn cho danh từ đứng trước nó Nó được xem như cụm từ giải thích thêm cho một chủ

từ hoặc một túc từ đứng trước nó Hãy xem hai ví dụ sau đây để hiểu hơn:

1 Có một nhóm các bạn nam trong sân trường Tuy nhiên nếu bạn muốn nói tới Nam thì bạn phải đưa ra một đặc điểm nào đó để người nghe biết là cậu con trai nào trong nhóm con trai đó là Nam Các bạn sẽ nói như sau:

The boy reading a book over there is Nam

Cụm reading a book over there là cụm hiện tại phân từ vì bắt đầu bằng V-ing và cụm này giải thích cho the boy để người nghe biết là cậu con trai đang đọc sách, chứ không phải cậu con trai nào khác là Nam

2 Có ba con búp bê được sản xuất ở Mỹ, Việt Nam và Trung Quốc Khi bạn muốn mua con búp bê được sản xuất ở Việt Nam thì bạn cũng phải giải thích rõ là con búp bê bạn muốn mua là của Việt Nam chứ không phải của Mỹ hay Trung Quốc

I want to buy the doll made in Vietnam

Cụm made in Vietnam là cụm quá khứ phân từ vì bắt đầu bằng V3/ed diễn tả ý bị động để giải thích cho từ the doll (là con búp bê nào trong nhóm 3 con búp bê đó) để người nghe lấy cho bạn

THỰC HÀNH: Hãy thành lập câu cho những từ gợi ý sau đây ở mỗi câu

1 The boy / wear a yellow hat next to John / is my best friend

6 The girl / stand by the table / is my new friend, Nga

UNIT 12A VACATION ABROAD (pages 119 – 120) UNIT 12 GRAMMAR 1 PAST CONTINUOS versus PAST SIMPLE

1 Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và kết

thúc trong quá khứ

I went to Nha Trang last week

My birthday was two days ago

Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra, đang trong quá trình xảy ra trong quá khứ

I was listening to music at 7 yesterday They were working hard then

2 Chúng ta cũng thường kết hợp thì simple past và past continuous trong cùng một câu để diễn đạt ý hành động nào đó đang xảy ra thì có một hành động

khác xuất hiện trong quá trình đó

While I was listening to music, there was a power failure

We were studying in our class when it rained very heavily

3 Nếu hành động diễn ra theo một chuỗi sự kiện liên tiếp thì chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn cho các hành động đó

When I left university, I worked for a private school Then I left the school after two years, and worked for a private language center

PRACTICE 1 Complete the sentences with SIMPLE PAST or PASR CONTINUOUS

1 (you/ hear) about Hoàng Xuân Vinh, who won the fist

Olympic gold medal for Vietnam?

2 When you called me, I (practise) my piano lesson

3 At this time last year we (visit) Singapore

4 I (have) a very good time on my last birthday

5 They (not wear) school uniforms when I saw them

6 She (go) home, took a shower and went to bed as the usual

7 We (plant) some trees and flowers in the garden with our

grandparents when it rained

8 It (rain) very heavily at this time last night That was the reason why

we couldn’t go out for dinner

9 When I (meet) John, he was doing a computer course in Brazil

10 We (try) to work as hard as we could to pass the final exam, which was very important to our future job Luckily, everything happened as we had

expected