From the authors of the best-selling HACK PROOFING ™ YOUR NETWORK Your E-commerce Site ™ 1YEAR UPGRADE BUYER PROTECTION PLAN Your E-commerce Site From the authors of the best-selling HACK PROOFING ™ YOUR NETWORK Ryan Russell Teri Bidwell Oliver Steudler Robin Walshaw L. Brent Huston Technical Editor The Only Way to Stop a Hacker Is to Think Like One • Step-by-Step Instructions for Securing Financial Transactions and Implementing a Secure E-Commerce Site • Hundreds of Tools & Traps and Damage & Defense Sidebars and Security Alerts! • Complete Coverage of How to Hack Your Own Site 134_ecomm_FC 6/19/01 2:14 PM Page 1 solutions@syngress.com With more than 1,500,000 copies of our MCSE, MCSD, CompTIA, and Cisco study guides in print, we continue to look for ways we can better serve the information needs of our readers. One way we do that is by listening. Readers like yourself have been telling us they want an Internet-based ser- vice that would extend and enhance the value of our books. 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KEY SERIAL NUMBER 001 AERAF43495 002 VNA49FU4FJ 003 CAKL3956FM 004 BNA424TURT 005 BNTUR495QF 006 596JFA3RRF 007 Y745T9TBLF 008 QW5VCD986H 009 BN3TE5876A 010 NVA384NHS5 PUBLISHED BY Syngress Publishing, Inc. 800 Hingham Street Rockland, MA 02370 Hack Proofing Your E-Commerce Site Copyright © 2001 by Syngress Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or dis- tributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher, with the exception that the program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ISBN: 1-928994-27-X Technical edit by: L. Brent Huston Copy edit by: Darren Meiss and Beth A. Roberts Technical review by: Kevin Ziese Freelance Editorial Manager: Maribeth Corona-Evans Co-Publisher: Richard Kristof Index by: Robert Saigh Developmental Editor: Kate Glennon Page Layout and Art by: Shannon Tozier Acquisitions Editor: Catherine B. Nolan Distributed by Publishers Group West in the United States. 134_ecomm_FM 6/19/01 11:49 AM Page iv v Acknowledgments v We would like to acknowledge the following people for their kindness and support in making this book possible. Richard Kristof and Duncan Anderson of Global Knowledge, for their generous access to the IT industry’s best courses, instructors and training facilities. Ralph Troupe, Rhonda St. John, and the team at Callisma for their invaluable insight into the challenges of designing, deploying and supporting world-class enterprise networks. Karen Cross, Lance Tilford, Meaghan Cunningham, Kim Wylie, Harry Kirchner, Bill Richter, Kevin Votel, and Brittin Clark of Publishers Group West for sharing their incredible marketing experience and expertise. Mary Ging, Caroline Hird, Simon Beale, Caroline Wheeler,Victoria Fuller, Jonathan Bunkell, and Klaus Beran of Harcourt International for making certain that our vision remains worldwide in scope. Anneke Baeten, Annabel Dent, and Laurie Giles of Harcourt Australia for all their help. David Buckland,Wendi Wong, Daniel Loh, Marie Chieng, Lucy Chong, Leslie Lim, Audrey Gan, and Joseph Chan of Transquest Publishers for the enthusiasm with which they receive our books. Kwon Sung June at Acorn Publishing for his support. Ethan Atkin at Cranbury International for his help in expanding the Syngress program. Joe Pisco, Helen Moyer, and the great folks at InterCity Press for all their help. 134_ecomm_FM 6/19/01 11:49 AM Page v 134_ecomm_FM 6/19/01 11:49 AM Page vi vii Contributors Ryan Russell (CCNA, CCNP) is the best-selling author of Hack Proofing Your Network: Internet Tradecraft (ISBN: 1-928994-15-6). He is MIS Manager at SecurityFocus.com, has served as an expert witness on secu- rity topics, and has done internal security investigation for a major soft- ware vendor. Ryan has been working in the IT field for over 11 years, the last 6 of which have been spent primarily in information security. He has been an active participant in various security mailing lists, such as BugTraq, for years. Ryan has contributed to four Syngress titles on the topic of networking. He holds a Bachelors of Science degree in Computer Science. Ryan wishes to thank Karen Mathews at the U.S. Department of Energy for her assistance in preparing Chapter 10. Mark S. Merkow (CCP) has been an Information Systems professional since 1975, working in a variety of industries. For the last 12 years he has been working for a Fortune 50 financial services company in Phoenix, AZ. Mark holds a Masters in Decision and Information Systems from Arizona State University’s College of Business and is completing his Masters of Education in Educational Technology at ASU’s College of Education, specializing in developing distance learning courses.Today he serves as an e-commerce Security Advisor working with both internal and external Web designers and developers. Mark has authored or co- authored six books on computer technology since 1990, including Breaking Through Technical Jargon, Building SET Applications for Secure Transactions, Thin Clients Clearly Explained, Virtual Private Networks For Dummies, A Complete Guide to Internet Security, and The ePrivacy Imperative. In addition, Mark is a computer columnist for several local, national, and international print publications, along with an e-zine hosted at Internet.com. Robin Walshaw (MCSE, DPM), author of Mission Critical Windows 2000 Server Administration (ISBN: 1-928994-16-4), is an independent consultant who architects security and infrastructure solutions for large 134_ecomm_FM 6/19/01 11:49 AM Page vii viii corporations around the globe. By applying a combination of sound busi- ness sense and technical insight, Robin is able to design and deliver scal- able solutions targeted at enabling the enterprise to effectively leverage technology.With a flair for developing strategic IT solutions for diverse clients, he has worked in the world of computers in 8 countries, and has traveled to over 30 in the last 10 years. A veteran of numerous global pro- jects, Robin has honed his skills across a wide variety of businesses, plat- forms, and technologies. He has managed to scratch his head and look slightly confused in the world of security, network operating systems, development, and research. Having traversed the globe and seen its many beautiful wonders, Robin is still captivated by the one thing that leaves him breathless— Natalie, his wife. She is a light against the darkness, a beauty whose smile can melt even the coldest heart. Teri Bidwell (GCIA) has been involved in Internet security for over 10 years as an analyst, engineer, and administrator and is a SANS-Certified GCIA Intrusion Analyst. Her career began securing Unix networks at the University of Colorado and continued as a Cisco network engineer and DNS manager for Sybase, Inc.Today,Teri is a security analyst for a firm headquartered in Reston,VA. She is a key contributor to corporate secu- rity strategy and is an advisor for e-business development. Her specialties include policy creation, vulnerability assessment, penetration testing, and intrusion detection for corporate environments. Teri received a Computer Science degree from the University of Colorado and sits on the SANS GCIA Advisory Board. She currently lives and works in Boulder, CO with her family, Clint,Wes, and Michael. Michael Cross (MCSE, MCP+I, CNA) is a Microsoft Certified System Engineer, Microsoft Certified Product Specialist, Microsoft Certified Professional + Internet, and a Certified Novell Administrator. Michael is the Network Administrator, Internet Specialist, and a Programmer for the Niagara Regional Police Service. He is responsible for network security and administration, programming applications, and is Webmaster of their Web site at www.nrps.com. He has consulted and assisted in computer- related/Internet criminal cases, and is part of an Information Technology 134_ecomm_FM 6/19/01 11:49 AM Page viii ix team that provides support to a user base of over 800 civilian and uniform users. His theory is that when the users carry guns, you tend to be more motivated in solving their problems. Michael owns KnightWare, a company that provides consulting, pro- gramming, networking,Web page design, computer training, and other services. He has served as an instructor for private colleges and technical schools in London, Ontario Canada. He has been a freelance writer for several years and has been published over two dozen times in books and anthologies. Michael currently resides in St. Catharines, Ontario Canada with his lovely fiancée Jennifer. Oliver Steudler (CCNP, CCDP, CSE, CNE) is a Senior Systems Engineer at iFusion Networks in Cape Town, South Africa. Oliver spe- cializes in routing, switching, and security and has over 10 years of experi- ence in consulting, designing, implementing, and troubleshooting complex networks. He has written articles on TCP/IP, networking, secu- rity, and data communications and also co-authored another Syngress title, Managing Cisco Network Security (ISBN: 1-928994-17-2). Kevin Ziese is a computer scientist at Cisco Systems, Inc. Prior to joining Cisco, he was a senior scientist and founder of the Wheelgroup Corporation, which was acquired by Cisco Systems in April of 1998. Before founding the Wheelgroup Corporation, he was Chief of the Advanced Countermeasures Cell at the Air Force Information Warfare Center. 134_ecomm_FM 6/19/01 11:49 AM Page ix [...]... 568 570 570 571 572 573 573 574 575 576 577 578 578 580 581 Appendix B Hack Proofing Your E-Commerce Site Fast Track 583 Index 625 xxiii 134_ecomm_TOC 6/19/01 11:47 AM Page xxiv 134_ecomm_FRD_rev 6/19/01 11:48 AM Page xxv Foreword Hack Proofing Your E-Commerce Site was written in response to requests from readers of our first book, Hack Proofing Your Network: Internet Tradecraft Many of you asked us for... Why Are E-Commerce Sites Prime Targets for DDoS? A Growing Problem How the Media Feeds the Cycle What Motivates an Attacker to Damage Companies? Ethical Hacking: A Contradiction in Terms? Hacktivism Fifteen Minutes of Fame Hell Hath No Fury Like a Hacker Scorned Show Me the Money! Malicious Intent What Are Some of the Tools Attackers Use to Perform DDoS Attacks? Trinoo Understanding How Trinoo Works... example, the following line of code shows an input value of $100.00 associated with a variable called "cost." Using a text editor or HTML editing program, a hacker could alter the value so that the value is changed to a lower amount For example, the $100.00 could be changed to $1.00 This would allow buyers to purchase products at a significantly reduced amount... Internet Information Server 5.0 Security Hardening the Server Software Install Patches Disable Unneeded Ports, Services, and Components Delete Unneeded Scripts and Files Hardening the Overall System Password Hacking and Analysis Tools Web Design Issues Dealing with HTML Code Information in HTML Code Using Server Side Includes (SSI) in HTML Code Guidelines for Java, JavaScript, and Active X Understanding Java,... monitoring in place around it, either on the machine itself or via the network In order for the honeypot to be effective, as much information as possible must be collected about the attacker Chapter 7 Hacking Your Own Site Introduction Anticipating Various Types of Attacks Denial of Service Attacks Information Leakage Attacks File Access Attacks Misinformation Attacks Special File/Database Access Attacks... has more than 10 years of experience in IT, mostly in the areas of cyber security testing, network monitoring, scanning protocols, firewalls, viruses and virus prevention formats, security patches, and hacker techniques As President and CEO of his own information security company, MicroSolved, Inc., he and his staff have performed system and network security-consulting services for Fortune 500 companies... detail in this book will be useful in covering topics such as customer privacy policies and securing financial transactions As practitioners, we encounter two types of networks:Those that haven’t been hacked and those that have Our goal is to provide you with the tools and resources to avoid seeing your network become part of the latter group.To that end, this book is thoroughly practical.We recognize . HACK PROOFING ™ YOUR NETWORK Your E-commerce Site ™ 1YEAR UPGRADE BUYER PROTECTION PLAN Your E-commerce Site From the authors of the best-selling HACK. Damage Companies? 70 Ethical Hacking: A Contradiction in Terms? 70 Hacktivism 72 Fifteen Minutes of Fame 72 Hell Hath No Fury Like a Hacker Scorned 73 Show Me