Writing Section Have your essay scored by a writing instructor or submit it to my Essay Grading Service, which is described in the “How to Use This Book” section. The scoring criteria appear at the beginning of the “Writing” chapter in Part III. Practice Test 4 Listening Section Part A 1. D: Try new medicine and then have a blood test. 2. C: They hear it is almost as good as a former restaurant. 3. A: She thinks she should take it, but it’s too time-consuming. 4. D: He was extremely frightened. 5. A: He is sick. 6. A: His father believes a well known school is better. 7. B: It’s not pleasant. 8. A: He had a prior engagement. 9. A: Neither Helen nor the man could find the books. 10. A: The jury probably will not make a decision today. 11. C: Bill made a bad decision about a stock purchase. 12. A: He lost his job. 13. B: She is sleeping a lot but feels exhausted. 14. B: She writes messages that contain incorrect information. 15. A: He absolutely will not interview with the company. Part B 16. B: The judge will require mediation. 17. B: That it involves an arbitrator. 18. A: He feels that the opponents are entrenched in an incorrect position. 19. D: That it often produces positive results. 20. C: To settle the case. 340 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 21. B: The mediator will separate the parties and carry settlement offers from one to the other. 22. B: She has been researching carcinogens for years. 23. C: She studies whether carcinogens in plastic wrap can get into food when heated in microwave ovens. 24. C: He read about her in a newspaper. 25. D: Eighteen years old. 26. B: She is very resolute. 27. A: A will. 28. C: A will is only activated upon death. 29. A: Access accounts and property while the grantor is alive. 30. B: It remains valid in the case of incapacity. 31. A: He is hesitant. 32. C: To write checks for medical care. 33. B: Ready. 34. C: Extended periods of drought. 35. B: Yes, he heard of it some years ago. 36. A: It is not known to be effective. 37. A: He thinks they should use it anyway. 38. C: Iodides are deposited, iodides merge with water droplets, ice crystals develop, and snow and rain develop. 39. C: Large convective clouds, which are precursors to storm clouds. 40. A: A foothold. Structure Section 1. B: second only to. This is an idiomatic expression. 2. B: was foraged. The progressive in the active voice would make sense, which would be was foraging. 3. A: the tighter it became. This is a double comparative sentence, and the order is more + {adjective or adjective+-er} . . . more + {adjective or adjective+-er}. It means that as one condition increases or changes, the other one does too. 4. B: planning. This is part of a noun phrase and should be a noun, plan. 5. A: Due to her agility and speed. The choices with because misuse grammati- cal rules. The rule is because + clause or because of + noun phrase. Due to means the same thing and is followed by a noun or noun phrase. 341 Answers and Explanations For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 6. A: it. The relative pronoun that replaces the noun, so the pronoun it is repeti- tive and does not belong. 7. A: that. This is an idiomatic expression, and the order is not until . . . that. 8. A: not best. The superlative structure requires the definite article the because it is the one item that meets the definition. It should read not the best. 9. D: in greater numbers. This is an idiomatic expression. 10. C: causing. The sentence does not have a conjugated verb unless causing is changed to caused. The word learned is a past participle from a reduced rela- tive clause — that were learned. So the subject of the sentence is the issues and after the relative clause appears the verb, caused. 11. D: the message to all directors. The order is subject + verb + direct object + to + indirect object. The other alternative is to omit the to and reverse the di- rect and indirect object — subject + verb + indirect object + direct object 12. A: when black. The article a is missing. Note that the sentence has an unusual structure because it begins with only when. For that reason, the word will is correct. The last verb structure in the sentence, be closed down, is in the pas- sive voice and is correct. 13. C: she has had. The second clause must have a subject. 14. B: accuse. The verb is in the passive voice: are sometimes accused (be + verb in past participle). 15. B: out of. The idiomatic expression is out of order, which means not working. 16. D: in way. This is an idiomatic expression, in the way. 17. D: did so in. The phrase did so stands for competed. The first clause of the sentence is dependent, so there must be a conjugated verb in the second clause; in this case, it is an unusual conjugated verb, but it is one. The second answer choice is incorrect because it is in the wrong tense. 18. A: completed. It is part of a verb phrase with a modal, could, so it must be in simple form, complete. 19. D: other. The word another must be used with the singular countable noun program. Other would be used with noncountable nouns or plural countable nouns. Notice that the initial part of the sentence is correct. It is the same as saying the fact that Allen had not completed. . . . The word Allen’s is posses- sive because it is followed by a gerund, having. Completed is in the past par- ticiple as part of that construction. 20. B: requires. The subject of the sentence is an infinitive, to master, and it takes a singular conjugated verb. 21. A: enjoys. The subject of the sentence is a that clause, which is singular, but it contains a plural noun, investors. The verb should be enjoy to match the plural noun within the clause. 342 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 22. B: has not. The first clause of the sentence is dependent, so the second must have a conjugated verb. The expression the number of is a singular concept, and you should not be confused by the plural noun after the preposition of. 23. C: believe. The entire sentence is in the passive voice, and that is why all the main verbs are in the past participle. This verb should be believed. 24. A: be. The verb phrase had + subject + verb in past participle means the same as if + subject + had + verb in past participle, so the correct construction would include been. 25. A: who has sung. This clause is a relative clause and thus requires a relative pronoun. Reading Section 1. A: affixed. 2. B: discharge. 3. B: different in that a vent involves rapid discharge while a seep involves slow discharge. The author uses the two words in different contexts. 4. C: from the same family but different species. 5. A: grows slower than the hot-water tube worm. See paragraphs two and five, which distinguish between the growth rates of the two worms. 6. A: complete. 7. A: lifetime. 8. C: boiling. 9. D: different in that one contains oily materials and the other contains hydro- gen sulfide. 10. C: aneurysms that occur near the brain stem only. The first paragraph ex- plains that these aneurysms are dangerous to repair with surgery. 11. A: aneurysms. The noun is found in the previous sentence, and no other noun in the sentence could make sense. 12. C: significant. 13. B: aneurysm. The noun to which one refers actually appears two sentences before the reference. 14. A: meandering. The idea is that it moves slowly and deliberately towards its destination. 15. A: removed. 16. B: a hernia. 17. D: hemorrhaging that results in death. The first paragraph states that this can occur in 50 percent of patients. 343 Answers and Explanations For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 18. B: serve as a base for a blood clot to form. This is explained in the second paragraph. 19. B: in the upper thigh. In the reading, it states that the femoral artery is in the groin area. The word “femoral” is related to femur, which is the thigh bone, and the groin area is where the thigh meets the hip area. 20. D: separate the coil from the wire. This is explained in the second paragraph. After the coil is outside the catheter, a low voltage electrical current is ap- plied, and the coil detaches at a preset solder point. 21. C: at a predetermined and prepared location on the wire. The same sentence that answers question 20 says it is a preset location. 22. A: longer and require more recuperation time than the new procedure. This is explained in the last paragraph where it says: The procedure lasts two hours, which is half as long as invasive surgery, and recovery time is gener- ally limited to a few days instead of a few weeks. 23. B: is performed only at hospitals containing the required equipment and cer- tified doctors. This is also explained in the last paragraph where it says: . . . is available in various hospitals where there are advanced neurology depart- ments and specialists trained in the procedure. 24. B: carnivorous dinosaur. Carnivorous means the same as meat-eating, which is stated in the first sentence. 25. B: in addition to. 26. A: frightening. 27. D: surprising. 28. A: lived and hunted with others. The first paragraph states that it is more as- tounding that the bones were found with other bones, because that indicates they were not loners. 29. A: meat-eating dinosaurs lived alone. The same sentences say that this dis- covery challenges the prior theory that they were loners. 30. C: Giganotosaurus. 31. B: not closely related to Tyrannosaurus Rex. The passage states that it is as close to T. Rex as a cat to a dog, which is not close. 32. A: dismember. 33. A: victim. 34. B: combined. 35. B: thread. 36. C: it is more precise than previous techniques. The passage indicates that they will have control, whereas they previously did not. 37. B: electronic impulses could affect cells. The first paragraph indicates that they have known this for a while. 344 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 38. A: barraging. 39. B: open their walls to introduce medication. The passage states that they have used electrical charges in an attempt to introduce foreign substances such as new drug treatments or genetic material. 40. B: causes. 41. B: in the future. 42. A: researchers. The noun to which they refers is in the previous sentence. 43. C: specific. 44. D: tissues. The passage indicates that others is a pronoun for other tissues, because it says: . . . to activate particular tissues, whether they be muscle, bone, brain, or others. 45. B: place more than one chip in a single person. The last sentence of the pas- sage answers this question: They believe that they will be able to implant multiple chips into a person to deal with one problem or more than one problem. Writing Section Have your essay scored by a writing instructor or submit it to my Essay Grading Service, which is described in the “How to Use This Book” section. The scoring criteria appear at the beginning of the “Writing” chapter in Part III. Practice Test 5 Listening Section Part A 1. B: They think they have seen both movies previously. 2. A: Ellen is likely to seek a degree in English. 3. B: Josh is taller now. 4. A: He is not participating in a study group this time. 5. C: It’s probably the best choice available. 6. B: She is not able to go there much because of her work. 7. C: She will probably attend the University of North Florida. 8. A: The new employee is lazy. 345 Answers and Explanations For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 9. B: Writing a paper. 10. B: Quit one class for another. 11. B: She has never been to the races. 12. A: That Nadia was going to work instead of Allison. 13. C: Christopher has quit attending. 14. A: He needs help but will not admit it. 15. C: Look at the book. Part B 16. B: It has improved somewhat since 1998. 17. A: Healthy coral reefs cause the ocean water to be healthy. 18. C: Higher temperatures. 19. B: Algae are required for coral’s health. 20. B: The government has spent money for research, education, and monitoring reefs. 21. B: In a hotel. 22. B: Only students of the intensive English program. 23. A: She looked at his identification card. 24. B: He needs a place with two bedrooms. 25. B: Benefits that his wife and child would enjoy. 26. A: Lack of air conditioning. 27. B: Because there is a natural flow, facilitated by the body itself. 28. C: Obtaining tissue for a biopsy. 29. A: The endoscope is uncomfortable. 30. D: A scalpel. 31. A: The capsule is an advance in science along the same lines as digital and wireless technology. 32. C: She has no prior knowledge of it. 33. A: Somebody of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. 34. B: The disease causes a protective material to disappear. 35. A: If her background is not the same as her husband’s, then there is no chance they could pass on the disease. 36. C: Resigned. 37. A: Synthesizes the enzyme. 346 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org Structure Section 1. A: has received. The first clause is in the passive voice in the present perfect, which is formed as follows: Subject + form of have + been + verb in past par- ticiple. The verb in this case should be has been received. 2. A: that the company should. The language between commas is parenthetical, so it should be ignored. After the verb determined, there should be a clause beginning with that plus a subject or with a subject alone. The third answer choice is incorrect because it omits the subject. The fourth answer choice is incorrect because it omits the definite article, the. 3. B: an. The correct sentence would include is an, because without is, there is no conjugated verb. Disregard the information between commas, and it will be clear that the subject is owning a home and the verb must be is. 4. A: is. Without it, there would be no conjugated verb. The entire that clause is the subject. 5. D: should it. This is an embedded question, and the order after the question word is normal sentence order, it should. 6. B: have been. This is a passive voice structure following a modal, and the order is modal + have + been + verb in past participle, should have been submitted. 7. C: would had. The simple form must always appear immediately after a modal. In this case, since the condition is in the past, the modal structure must be modal + have + verb in past participle, would have had. 8. D: achieving. There is no conjugated verb unless it is changed to achieved. 9. A: are hesitant. The first clause is dependent, so the second clause must have a conjugated verb, which this answer has. 10. A: spending. A conjugated verb is required. The clause beginning with who is a restrictive relative clause and should be ignored even though it has no com- mas around it. The subject is attorneys, and the verb should be spend. 11. D: an extremely large fossil. The order is article + (adverb) + adjective + noun. 12. B: as oldest. The superlative form must appear with a definite article, so the correct use would be as the oldest. 13. B: of being. The expression in spite of must appear together, unlike despite, which appears alone. After a preposition, the gerund is required. 14. A: voted purchase. When vote is followed by a verb as its complement, the verb must appear in the infinitive, voted to purchase. 15. C: the children have been. After a question word in an embedded question, the order is subject + verb. Note that the main verb in the sentence (which follows the subject how long and, therefore, is singular) is the verb is. 347 Answers and Explanations For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 16. B: had been. The context of the sentence and the verb of the first clause is present, not past. Because this is a real condition (not unreal), the tense does not go one step further into the past. 17. B: Jane decided. The first clause is dependent so the second needs a subject and a conjugated verb. The other verb in that clause comes from a reduced that clause. Jane decided (that) it was . . . . 18. B: to. There is no conjugated verb in the sentence; instead there is a series of infinitives. The correct sentence would read is to. 19. C: to swim. After warn, the infinitive is used. 20. D: before noon arrive. The verb should not be broken up with the modifier. The modifier appears after verbs and complements. Technically this is a split infinitive, which some grammarians say should never occur, where the to and the rest of the verb are separated by something else. The TOEFL test will generally not test something technical like a split infinitive unless it is as awkward as this sentence. 21. B: was obvious. The sentence begins with a that clause and needs a conju- gated verb. 22. D: caused. The clause requires a complete conjugated verb, which is in the past and is passive voice, had been caused. 23. C: initiating. This needs to be parallel with the verb after the word first. 24. A: who could. This is a relative clause. 25. D: to lead. The verbs are in a series and must be parallel, so leading would be correct. Reading Answers 1. C: it was defective for its first three years in space. The end of the first para- graph deals with this issue. 2. A: subject. 3. C: fury. 4. C: there was considerable excitement about the potential uses. The first para- graph states that it was sent into space “amid huge hype and expectation.” 5. D: distorted. 6. C: light. 7. B: maintenance could be done by traveling astronauts. The passage indicates that the astronauts opened the hatch that was installed for the purpose of re- pairing the Hubble. 8. C: mechanics. This is explained at the end of the first paragraph where it is explained that they arrived like roadside mechanics. 348 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 9. C: developed a mathematical formula to measure speed and distances be- tween galaxies. This is explained in the last paragraph. 10. B: named. 11. A: when viewing a distant galaxy through the Hubbell telescope, you are ac- tually looking back in time. This is explained in the middle of paragraph 2. 12. A: a star. In the reading it is stated that Astronomers use stars known as Cepheid variables to measure distances in space.” 13. A: its details could not be seen. In the third paragraph, the following is stated: Prior to Hubble, it was visible from traditional telescopes on earth, but its details were not ascertainable. 14. B: pouring. 15. A: water draining in a bathtub. The reading refers to black holes as drains. 16. B: migraine. 17. D. has a specific scientific cause, unlike a headache. This is explained in the last sentence of paragraph one. 18. D: is something some sufferers see before an attack. This is explained in the second paragraph. 19. D: expanded blood vessels. The third paragraph deals with this issue. 20. B: tightened blood vessels. This is also explained in the third paragraph. 21. B: augmented. 22. B: tend to fire in an unusual pattern when a migraine begins. The firing of the neurons is explained in the fourth paragraph. 23. A: using imaging devices that allow one to watch the neurons. This is dis- cussed in the fourth paragraph. 24. A: neurons fire suddenly and follow a specific pattern when a migraine is coming. 25. B: moving in a specific order along the brain towards the brain stem like rip- ples of water. 26. B: The brain stem is the location of pain centers. 27. C: still do not know exactly what causes the pain. At the end of the fourth para- graph, it is indicated that scientists are not certain how the pain is generated. 28. B: a magnetic field. 29. C: New Evidence of How Migraines Are Formed. This title is not too broad or too restrictive and does not contradict anything in the passage. 30. B: can suffer physical changes in the brain and be in chronic pain. This is ex- plained in the last paragraph. 31. B: Ben Franklin. This is explained in the first paragraph. 349 Answers and Explanations For more material and information, please visit TaiLieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org . Use This Book section. The scoring criteria appear at the beginning of the “Writing” chapter in Part III. Practice Test 4 Listening Section Part A 1 Use This Book section. The scoring criteria appear at the beginning of the “Writing” chapter in Part III. Practice Test 5 Listening Section Part A 1.