Tài liệu PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐỌC HIỂU TRONG THI ĐẠI HỌC ( PHẦN 2) doc

PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐỌC HIỂU TRONG THI ĐẠI HỌC ( PHẦN 2) Skill 4: IMPLIED DETAIL QUESTIONS In this type of question, you will be asked to answer a multiple choice question about a reading passage by drawing a conclusion from a specific detail or details in the pas sage. Questions of this type contain the words implied, inferred, likely, or probably to let you know that the answer to the question is not directly stated. In this type of question, it is important to understand that you do not have to "pull the answer out of thin air." Instead, some information will be given in the passage, and you will draw a conclusion from that information. Example The passage: The number of rings in a tree can be used to determine how old a tree really is. Each year a tree produces a ring that is composed of one light- colored wide band and one dark-colored narrow band. The wider band is produced during the spring and early summer when tree stem cells grow rapidly and become larger. The narrower band is produced in fall and early winter when cell growth is much slower and cells do not get very large. No cells are produced during the harsh winter and summer months. The question: It is implied in the passage that if a tree has 100 wide bands and 100 narrow bands, then it is A. a century old B. two centuries old C. fifty years old D. two hundred years old This question asks about the age of a tree with 100 wide bands and 100 narrow bands. The passage does not tell the age of a tree with 100 wide and narrow bands, but it does indicate that….wide band and one .narrow band are produced each year From this, you can draw the conclusion that a tree with 100 wide and narrow bands is 100 years, or acentury, old. The best answer to this question is therefore answer A The following chart outlines the key information that you should remember about implied detail questions. IMPLIED DETAIL QUESTIONS It is implied in the passage that…… It can be inferred from the passage that …. It is most likely that…… What probably happened .? The answers to these questions are generally found in order in the passage. 1. Choose a key word in the question. 2. Scan the passage for the key word (or a related idea). 3. Carefully read the sentence that contains the key word. 4. Look for an answer that could be true, according to that sentence. Skill 5: VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT QUESTIONS You may be asked to determine the meaning of a difficult word or expression that you do not know. In this case, the passage often gives you a clear indication of what the word or expression means. Example The passage: Professor Richmond's hobby is philately. The professor has been quite interested in collecting stamps for a number of years The question: The word "philately" in line 1 could best be replaced by A. a philanthropic attitude B. a common profession C. stamp collecting D. teaching classes In this question, you are asked to choose an expression to replace philately. You are not expected to know the meaning of the word philately. Instead, you should understand from the context that if the professor is interested in collecting stamps, then philately is most likelystamp collecting. Answer C. is therefore the best answer to this question. The following chart outlines the key information that you should remember about vocabulary questions: VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE QUESTION What is the meaning of “X” in line Y? The word “X” in line Y could best be replaced by… WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER Information to help you understand the meaning of a vocabulary word can often be found in the context surrounding the word. HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION 1. Find the word in the passage. 2. Read the sentence that contains the word carefully. 3. Look for context clues to help you understand the meaning. 4. Choose the answer that the context indicates. Skill 6: "WHERE" QUESTIONS There will be a multiple-choice question that asks where certain information is found. The answer choices will list possible locations for that information. Example The passage: The words "capital" and "capitol" are confused in spelling and in meaning by a lot of people who try to use them. Both their spellings and their meanings are quite closely related. A "capital" is the location of the center of government, while a "capitol" is the actual building where the government officials meet. Thus, in the United States, for example, the Capitol building is located in Washington, D.C., which is the capital city of the United States. The question: Where in the passage does the author define the word "capital"? A. Lines 1-2 B. Lines 3-4 C. Line 5 D. Line 6 To answer this question, you should skim for the word capital and then look for its meaning A capital is the location of the center of government, and this definition is given in the third line. Answer B. is therefore the best answer to this question. The following chart outlines the key information that you should remember when you are trying to determine where in the passage something is found: QUESTION ABOUT WHERE IN THE PASSAGE HOW TO IDENTIFY THE Where in the passage…….? QUESTION WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER The answer can be in any of the lines listed in the answer to the question. HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION 1. Choose a key word or idea in the question. 2. Skim the appropriate past(s) of the passage looking for the key word or idea. 3. Choose the answer that contains the key word or idea. . PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐỌC HIỂU TRONG THI ĐẠI HỌC ( PHẦN 2) Skill 4: IMPLIED DETAIL QUESTIONS In this type of question, you will be. Questions of this type contain the words implied, inferred, likely, or probably to let you know that the answer to the question is not directly stated. In this