ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON ON THE QUALITY OF THAI VIETNAMESE AND ENGLISH VIETNAMESE SUBTITLES OF THAI DRAMA “BUPPAE SANNIWAS” (LOVE DESTINY)

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION GRADUATION PAPER ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON ON THE QUALITY OF THAI-VIETNAMESE AND ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE SUBTITLES OF THAI DRAMA “BUPPAE SANNIWAS” (LOVE DESTINY) Supervisor: Ms Trần Lưu Ly, MA Student: Trần Thị Mỹ Course: QH.2017.F1.E22.PDCLC HÀ NỘI – 2021 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ KHOA SƯ PHẠM TIẾNG ANH KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP ĐÁNH GIÁ VÀ SO SÁNH CHẤT LƯỢNG BẢN DỊCH PHỤ ĐỀ THÁI – VIỆT VÀ ANH – VIỆT PHIM THÁI LAN BUPPAE SANNIWAS (NHÂN DUYÊN TIỀN ĐỊNH) Giáo viên hướng dẫn: Trần Lưu Ly, MA Sinh viên: Trần Thị Mỹ Khóa: QH.2017.F1.E22.PDCLC HÀ NỘI – 2021 Signature of Approval: _ _ _ _ _ _ ACCEPTANCE PAGE I hereby state that I: Trần Thị Mỹ, class QH.2017.F1.E22.PDCLC, being a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Arts accept the requirements of the College relating to the retention and use of Bachelor’s Graduation Paper deposited in the library In terms of these conditions, I agree that the origin of my paper deposited in the library should be accessible for the purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the librarian for the care, loan or reproduction of the paper Signature Date: 29/04/2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to send my deepest thanks to my supervisor, Ms Trần Lưu Ly, MA for her constant support and guidance throughout this research Her critical comments and motivation are of great importance to me Without her constructive feedback and encouragement, this research might not come to an end I am thankful to Ms Nguyễn Mai Phương, MA, Department of Southeast Asia Languages and Culture, for helping reviewing my data, especially my suggested translation Moreover, I am deeply indebted to my three seniors who agreed to take interviews with me This research might not have any conclusion without their invaluable support Also, I very much appreciate Ms Thảo Lê, a long-time friend of mine, for her helping to find the subtitles of the movies and her relentless support for me I would like to express my deepest attitude to my family for their unconditional caring, love and sacrifices for me I appreciate my parents’ unwavering understanding of my decision Last but not least, many thanks to my teachers, friends, colleagues whom I am unable to name all here for their profound belief in my abilities I would not have been confident enough to finish this thesis if there had been no encouragement and trust from them for me i ABSTRACT Along with globalization, exchange culture via movies, music among audiences from different countries are getting more and more common As a result, translations for those forms of entertainment, especially movie translation, are more flourishing than ever However, movies from countries with a minority of language learners need relay translation to be translated into target language This research aims to compare and evaluate the quality of translations between a Thai-Vietnamese subtitle by Zingtv and a subtitle adopting relay translation via English by CCCS of a Thai drama called Buppae Sanniwas (Love Destiny) To achieve the objective of the research, the researcher adopted the ATA Framework for Standardized Error Marking provided by American Translators Association (2017) to identify errors in both subtitles Moreover, three semi-structured interviews were conducted to help evaluate the quality of the two subtitles The results showed that Zingtv's subtitle created more errors than CCCS However, both versions still conveyed the messages understandably enough for the audience to watch Additionally, evaluation of CCCS's subtitle, which adopted relay translation, suggested that though relay translation was the cause of various errors in the TL text, it was not the only trigger for all of errors made by CCCS These results show that adoption of relay translation in movie translation is possible with a condition that translators take the original movies into serious account in terms of context, nonverbal language and synosip ii LIST OF ABBREVIATION E – V: English – Vietnamese SL: Source language ST: Source text TL: Target language TT: Target text T – V: Thai – Vietnamese LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Errors made by Zingtv and classification in part episode Figure 2: Errors made by Zingtv and classification in part episode Figure 3: Errors made by CCCS and classification in episode Figure 4: Table of the number of translation errors made by Zingtv and CCCS in the 1st episode of Buppae Saniwas (Love Destiny) iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowlegement………………………………………………………………… i Abstract………………………………………………………………………… ii List of abbreviations and figures………………………………………………… iii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION………………………………………………… 1 Research problem and rationale for the study Research objectives and Research questions Significance of the study CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW………………………………………… 6 An overview of translation Relay translation Audio-visual translation Relay translation in subtitling Translation quality assessment (TQA) Translation errors Summary CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY……………………………… 13 Research design Subject of the study Data collection and analysis methods CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION……………………………….16 Data analysis Comparison and evaluation Discussion, conclusion and suggestions for the improvement of the two subtitles CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH…………………………………………………………………… 27 Conclusion Limitations and suggestions for further research REFERENCES………………………………………………………………… 29 APPENDICES ….……………………………………………………………….31 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION Research problem & rationale for the study With the advent of the internet and information technology, information and culture exchange has been promoted more than ever before As people increasingly look for the foreign entertainment forms, they rely on translation more than ever to approach such entertainment conveniently Over the past few decades, movie translation has been flourishing all over the world Along with the development of the cinematic industry, audio-visual translation has also made huge progress within a short period of time (Cintaz & Anderman, 2009) Live events like theater, opera or concert, for example, may require translation in the form of subtitles Moreover, those with sensory impairments like the deaf or the blind have huge demand for audio-visual translation such as subtitling for the deaf and audio description for the blind, which is now of great concern among scholars In addition, the export and import of numerous TV shows, TV series, cinema movies and other forms of entertainment does boost the rapid development of audio-visual translation According to the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, in 2019, 49% movies in Vietnamese cinemas originated from the US, 20% were from Asian countries such as China, Korea or Japan With such a high number of imported movies, audio-visual translation is obviously of great importance to make those movies accessible to the local audience Asia is home to a variety of movies with big names in the entertainment industry such as India, China, Japan, Korea and Thailand Beside movies from India or China which are in English or Chinese – two of the most common languages worldwide (Gosh, 2020), movies from other countries like Thailand, which attracts a minority of language learners, often require an adoption of relay translation for their subtitles Take Thai dramas as an example, in order for those movies to be translated into Vietnamese, they normally should have English subtitles or Chinese subtitles first since the number of T-V translators is small However, the relay translation method does bear specific shortcomings needed consideration First of all, there is a likelihood that a product of relay translation would contain errors (Dollerup, 2000) If the first translator misunderstands the original messages, the relay translator, without understanding the SL, will easily cause an error Secondly, Dollerup (2000) also states that relay may lead to deviations in translation, especially in written translation One of the reasons for such deviations is cultural differences It is obvious that each relay translator will often add new deviations to those made by the predecessors in the chain of translation Besides errors caused by the relay translation mode, many other errors can be made during the translation process Translation errors can be caused by various factors ranging from non-equivalence between SL and TL to the translator’s lack of language competency and understanding of the SL and TL (Rahmatillah, 2013) However, to err is human, acknowledging these errors and finding the solution to them will help to upgrade the translation and ensure the translator’s competency The researcher’s personal observation and experience as a freelance translator have raised the wonder in the quality of the subtitles with different source languages Hence, this research topic also allows the researcher to apply both the major knowledge – English translation and interpreting, and her second language – Thai This research focuses on the assessment and comparison between the quality of the T-V and E-V subtitle versions of a specific Thai drama called “Buppae Sunniwas” as known as Love Destiny The drama has made great contribution to Thai film industry The movie is believed to have help Thailand reduce traffic jam during rush hour since people rushed to home to watch it (Prachachat.net, 2018) 26 27 28 29 30 16:47 17:10 17:25 17:41 20:04 No translation กลับเรื อนเถิดหนา แม่นาย Muốn trở thành hoàng phi Detch huynh đến mức run hết tay thân อยากเป็ นแม่หญิงของคุณพี่เดชจนตัว ซีดตัวสั่น Chẳng biết xấu hổ หน้ามิอายทั้งพ่อทั้งลูก Nếu khơng muốn bị thố nước tiểu ta đập vào mồm ถ้าไม่อยากโดนหม้อเยี่ยวของกูตบปาก No translation อีแย้ม Omission Về nhà thôi, tiểu thư Terminology Muốn làm phu nhân Detch huynh đến run tay run chân lên Omission Cả cha lẫn chẳng biết xấu hổ Terminology Nếu không muốn bị bô nước tiểu ta đập vào mồm Omission Con Yam 31 21:54 Peak ปริ ก Spelling Prik 32 33 24:13 24:19 Đai nhân chúng ta… ออกญาท่าน Là để nàng thành thân với Than Muen (chức danh Detch Vương gia) ว่าจะให้ตบแต่งกับหมื่นท่าน Spelling Đại nhân chúng ta… Là để nàng thành thân với ngài Muen (Muen tước quan triều đình Thái) 40 Terminology 34 35 29:58 30:45 Dã man ใครหนาใจคอโหดร้าย Nếu không sai… ข้าไม่ผดิ Omission Ai mà tâm địa tàn nhẫn Misunderstanding Con không sai 36 37 33:42 34:20 Mae Champa nói nhiều แม่จาปาพูดมากความจริ ง Ngươi đến phủ OkYard เอ็งไปเรื อนออกญาโกษาธิบดี Mistranslation Mae Champa nói sai thật Omission Ngươi đến phủ Okya Kosathibodi 38 34:22 Đến xin ไปขอเศษผ้านุ่งของอีแดงที่ตายมา quần áo cũ Daeng Đến xin quần áo Daeng chết Omission 39 35:59 Nếu tiểu thư người lệnh, thuật krisa-na-kradi làm hại nàng ถ้าหากว่านางมิได้เป็ นผูส้ ั่งการ มนต์ กฤษณะกาลีก็มิอาจทาลายนางได้ Mistranslation Ta không muốn bị điên กูไม่อยากเป็ นบ้าแล้วตายตกตามอีแดง ไปนะ 40 38:12 Nếu nàng người lệnh thuật kri-sa-na-kra-di khơng thể làm hại nàng Omission Ta không muốn bị điên chết theo Daeng đâu 41 40:46 Đi vào phòng tiểu thư ไปฟังที่หน้าห้องนาง Đi trước cửa phòng nàng nghe xem 41 Mistranslation 42 42:10 No translation แม่นายคะ Omission Thưa chủ nhân 43 42:59 Vâng, thưa เจ้าคะ คุณหญิง Vương phi Vâng, thưa phu nhân Terminology 44 43:34 Bẩm คุณหญิงเจ้าคะ Vương phi Thưa phu nhân Terminology 45 44:08 Chủ nhân bị thuật krit-sa-naka-ri trừng trị สงสัยแม่นายโดนมนต์กฤษณะกาลีเล่น งานแล้ว Omission No translation กูยงั ไม่อยากตาย Chủ nhân muốn mở cửa sổ มึงรี บไปเปิ ดหน้าต่างเร็ ว Mở giúp ta với มาช่วยกูที Từ từ แม่นายเจ้าขา 46 47 48 49 46:35 46:42 46:54 47:04 Chắc chủ nhân bị thuật krit-sa-na-ka-li trừng trị Omission Ta chưa muốn chết Mistranslation Mày mau mở cửa sổ Misunderstanding Mau giúp ta với Mistranslation Chủ nhân 50 51 47:06 48:23 Từ từ ạ, chủ nhân วัดเจ้าค่ะแม่นาย Cầu cho nàng đến địa ngục mà đền tội ขอให้นางไปนรกเถิด Mistranslation Chùa ạ, chủ nhân Cầu cho nàng phải xuống địa ngục 42 Addition 52 53 49:18 53:00 Để tự chạy xe nên เดี๋ยวขับกลับกันเองก็ได้ Đừng bỏ lại แกทิ้งฉัน Mistranslation Để tự lái xe Mistranslation Cậu bỏ rơi 54 53:40 Bị làm sao, เป็ นอะไร สิ ปาง Prang? Bị thế, Sipang? Misunderstanding 55 53:58 Đồ bạn khốn, bạn đểu Faithfulness ไอ้เพื่อนเลว เพื่อนทรยศ Đồ bạn khốn, đồ bạn phản bội Figure 2: Errors made by Zingtv and classification in part episode No Timecode Vietsub 56 00:54 Thaisub and suggested translation Bước qua ไปทานข้าวเถอะค่ะ Type of Error Mistranslation Đi ăn cơm 57 00:58 Đi ไปทานก่อนเถอะ Mistranslation Đi ăn trước 58 59 60 01:20 03:12 03:18 Cút khỏi ออเจ้าช่วยข้าด้วย Là gái Vương gia Pramarong đất Songkhoan เป็ นบุตรสาวของพระยารามณรงค์ แห่งเมืองสองแคว Songkhoan สองแคว Mistranslation Cứu ta với Spelling Là gái Phraya Ramnarong vùng Songkwae 43 Spelling Songkwae 61 62 63 64 04:09 04:11 09:53 11:24 Cho người Prachak… แสดงให้คนประจักษ์ Biết quận chúa Karakade có điều tốt người ว่าแม่หญิงการะเกดก็มีความดี เหมือนกัน Ta báo với Vương phi Champa quận chúa qua đời กูจะไปเรี ยนคุณหญิงจาปาว่าแม่นาย สิ้ นแล้ว Quận chúa แม่นายเจ้าคะ Misunderstanding Chứng minh cho người thấy… Addition Biết Mae Ying Karakade có điểm tốt Terminology Tao bẩm phu nhân Champa cô chủ qua đời Terminology Cô chủ 65 66 67 68 16:24 16:52 16:58 16:59 Muốn bị trừng phạt sao? อยากโดนหวายลงหลังงั้นฤๅ Dừng lai Karakade หยุดเดี๋ยวนี้นะ แม่การะเกด Punctuation Dừng lại Mae Karakade Spelling Không mắng mỏ quận chúa đâu เอาผิดอะไรนางมิได้ดอก Misunderstanding Quận chúa không chết นางไม่ตาย Faithfulness Muốn bị đánh lưng sao? Khơng buộc tội nàng đâu Nàng khơng chết 44 Terminology 69 70 18:36 19:00 Muốn bị trừng phạt phải không? อยากโดนหวายลงหลังงั้นรึ Quận chúa เจ้าค่ะ Faithfulness Muốn bị đánh vào lưng sao? Mistranslation Thưa 71 72 73 74 19:07 19:24 21:24 22:33 Nàng khỏe mạnh đau ốm đâu คงจักสบายดีแล้วกระมังขอรับ คุณพ่อ Mistranslation No translation แม่นายเจ้าขา Nhi thần chắn ลูกแน่ใจ Vương gia ทั้งออกญาท่าน Chắc khỏe lại thưa phụ thân Omission Thưa cô chủ Terminology Con chắn Terminology Cả ngài Okya 75 76 77 78 22:35 28:02 30:36 31:04 Than Muen nói หมื่นท่านก็วา่ เจ้าค่ะ No translation ข้า Giống sống hết thời đại đến thời đại khác เหมือนทวิภพเลย Nhưng mà… แดงด้วย Terminology Ngài Muen nói Omission Tơi… Mistranslation Giống xuyên không phim Tawipob Đỏ lên 45 Mistranslation 79 80 33:31 35:28 81 Chết chưa linh thiêng ตายยังไม่ทนั จะเผาก็ลืมบ่าวเสี ยสิ้ น Mistranslation Chết xác chưa lạnh mà quên Nhưng mà แต่แม่นายดูผดิ แผกไปนะเจ้าคะ quận chúa lạ Nhưng mà cô chủ khác lạ Usage Sai rồi? Hả? Addition ผิดแผก Khác lạ? 82 83 84 36:05 36:22 37:00 Đúng, ชัวร์ ใช่แล้ว ชัวร์ Quận chúa nơ tỳ อายุมนั่ ขวัญยืนนะเจ้าคะ Phía ข้างล่าง Misunderstanding Sure, rồi, sure Mistranslation Mệnh thọ duyên trường nhé, chủ Punctuation Phía dưới? 85 86 87 88 38:33 38:36 38:57 39:15 Hai ngài sẽ… ถ้างั้นลงกระไดหลัง Quận chúa định đâu ạ? แม่นายเจ้าคะ Người thử đọc ออเจ้าลองอ่านดู No translation แม่นายเจ้าคะ Mistranslation Vậy cầu thang đằng sau Mistranslation Thưa tiểu thư Terminology Cậu đọc thử Tiểu thư 46 Omission 89 39:17 Không đâu แม่นายเจ้าคะ Mistranslation Tiểu thư 90 41:13 Chủ nhân ăn แม่นายพูดจาผิดแผก nói khơng Tiểu thư ăn nói khác giống ai? lạ Misunderstanding 91 41:19 Nói พูดจาหารู ้ความไม่ khơng biết có hiểu Nói khó hiểu q hay khơng? Punctuation 92 41:23 Đâu nhà vệ sinh đâu? ไหนละเวจ Cohesion Đừng mà chủ nhân เร่ งเถิดหนาแม่นาย Me dùng để kỳ đất มะขามเปี ยกขัดขี้ไคล No translation แม่นายเจ้าคะ No translation เจ้าค่ะ Cháu ăn cay mà ออเจ้ากินเผ็ดได้มากกว่านี้นี่นา 93 94 95 96 97 43:20 43:58 47:52 47:57 49:55 Nhà xí đâu? Mistranslation Nhanh lên thôi, cô chủ Usage Me ướt dùng để kỳ ghét Omission Tiểu thư Omission Vâng Omission Cháu ăn cay mà Figure 3: Errors made by CCCS and classification in episode No Timecode Vietsub Engsub 47 Thaisub and Types of Error suggested translation 05:08 05:32 Hai đứa bây đừng có đánh động để người khác bắt You two don’t mess up and let anyone catch on มึงสองคนอย่าทา Misunderstanding เสี ยเรื่ องให้ผใู ้ ดจับ ได้ Cà ri dứa với trứng Curry with pineapple and eggs แกงคัว่ สับปะรด กับไข่แมงดา Hai đứa bây đừng có làm hỏng chuyện để người khác bắt Omission Canh cà ri dứa với trứng sam 06:53 Đợi ta tự Waiting for รอมือรอตีนกูรึ đích thân my hand Chờ ăn đòn tay sao? and feet? ta sao? Ambiguity 07:24 Khi Pin thành công, ta quay lại When Ee Pin succeeds, I will return to the house อีผนิ ทาสาเร็ จกูถึง กลับเรื อน Ambiguity Mau thay y phục Give her the cloth เอาผ้าให้มนั ผลัด Dù nàng có đáng ghét You detest her so much? นางน่าเกลียดนักรึ 08:53 14:47 48 Khi Pin thành công, ta nhà Misunderstanding Đưa y phục cho thay Misunderstanding Nàng đáng ghét sao? 14:52 15:41 16:09 Thì khơng phải lỗi Por Dech But it’s not แต่ก็ไม่ใช่ความผิด Misunderstanding your fault ของพ่อเด็จ Ai mà gây ồn đằng trước thế? Who is causing ruckus down there? Misunderstanding ใครมาเอะอะ โวยวายอยูข่ า้ งล่าง Sao lại Joi? What happened, Joi? เกิดเหตุอนั ใด ไอ้ จ้อย Nhưng khơng phải lỗi Por Dech Ai gây ồn phía thế? Misunderstanding Xảy chuyện Joi? 10 11 12 16:27 16:29 17:09 Được cứu lên She went back กลับแล้วขอรับ Cứu nào? Went back how? กลับไปอย่างไร Muốn trở thành thê anh Detch để lên mặt And is shaking to marry Khun P’ อยากเป็ นแม่หญิง ของคุณพี่เดชจน ตัวซีดตัวสั่น Về Mistranslation Về nào? Muốn trở thành thê anh Dech đến cuống quýt lên 49 Mistranslation Mistranslation 13 18:23 Kẻo người You have lại khó asthma thở แม่นายเป็ นหอบ นะเจ้าคะ Misunderstanding Quý nữ bị hen suyễn 14 20:23 Vâng? Xin lỗi Excuse me จ้ะ ขอทางหน่อย จ้ะ Mistranslation Vâng? Nhường đường chút 15 20:43 Mày You were over there มึงไปคุง้ น้ าฝั่งนูน้ มา Omission Mày bến nước 16 17 18 24:57 25:40 26:54 Nếu nhân dun tiền định thành đơi / cịn khơng chia ngã thơi If it’s love destiny then they’ll be soul mate / But if not, then it isn’t ถ้าเป็ น บุพเพสันนิวาสก็ ต้องเป็ นคู่กนั แต่ ถ้ามิใช่แล้วก็ตอ้ ง แคล้วคลาด Nếu nhân duyên tiền định thành đơi / cịn khơng chia ngả No No translation translation ที่เหลือก็ No No translation translation โอ๊ย ร้อน 50 Spelling Diacritical mark Omission Còn lại … Omission Ơi nóng 19 28:59 Khơng biết lễ giáo sao? Don’t you know yourself? ไม่รู้ตวั อีกรึ Còn không tự nhận thấy sao? 20 33:04 Nàng mặt dày mặt dạn cao ngạo She’s so นางหน้าด้านหน้า thick face ทนเหลือเกิน and intolerable Nàng mặt dày mày dạn 21 34:44 Ngài Muen chuẩn bị No translation Cha không sai đâu e ngại cha nàng I’m not wrong to consider her father 22 23 24 25 35:45 42:17 43:21 44:28 Mistranslation ท่านหมื่นให้ไป เอาเศษผ้า Addition Mistranslation Ngài Muen bảo xin vải Usage พ่อมิผดิ ดอก ที่ เห็นแก่พ่อของนาง Cha không sai đâu nể mặt cha nàng No My lady translation แม่หญิงเจ้าคะ Không thể No! Get ta out! มึงเป็ นใคร Cút ปล่อยกู Let go of me 51 Omission Thưa quý nữ Mistranslation Ngươi ai? Thả ta Mistranslation 26 44:33 Cút! Cút! Let go of me ไม่ กลัว Không! Sợ! Mistranslation 27 44:34 Cút đi! Get out! ปล่อยกู Mistranslation Thả ta ra! 28 29 30 31 32 44:35 44:47 47:03 47:15 50:13 Ta nói cút mà! Get out! เอามันออกไป Mistranslation Đưa đi! Ta khơng I don’t muốn chết want to đâu die หยุดสวด No No translation translation มาช่วยกูที Cầu Phật phù hộ quý nữ What we do? วัดเจ้าค่ะแม่นาย Đi Cái tên Let’s go ผีนะเว้ย Mistranslation Đừng tụng Omission Đến giúp tao với Mistranslation Chùa quý nữ Mistranslation Ma 33 52:24 Thấy người phụ nữ tóc dài… I see a long เห็นผูห้ ญิงผมยาว hair ห่มสไบ woman… Thấy người phụ nữ tóc dài, quấn sabai… 34 53:10 Sao lại bỏ lại tui?! No translation 52 ก้าวขาไม่ออก Không nhấc chân lên Omission Mistranslation 35 36 37 54:22 54:35 54:37 Ngoài sức tưởng tượng tui It was beyond my control Ổn Alright, can we make up? มันเป็ นเรื่ องเหนือ การควบคุมนะเว้ย Mistranslation Chuyện nằm ngồi tầm kiểm sốt mà Khơng ổn! No way ดีกนั Misunderstanding Làm hịa nhé? ไม่ดีเว้ย Misunderstanding Khơng hịa 38 39 40 54:39 1:27:18 1:35:48 Ơng cịn nhớ khơng? Remember it! แกจาเอาไว้เลย Lại đau No translation แดงด้วย His name is like… เชื่อเหมือน Khơng giống Punctuation Ơng nhớ lấy nhá Misunderstanding Đỏ lên Mistranslation Tên giống… 41 1:37:24 Và nở to múp mích And it’s big ดอกก็ใหญ่บะลึ่ม ฮึ่มเลย Và nở to bung xòe 53 Usage ... DISCUSSION……………………………….16 Data analysis Comparison and evaluation Discussion, conclusion and suggestions for the improvement of the two subtitles CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH……………………………………………………………………... allows the researcher to apply both the major knowledge – English translation and interpreting, and her second language – Thai This research focuses on the assessment and comparison between the quality. .. questions: What are the translation errors found in both subtitle versions: ThaiVietnamese and English -Vietnamese? To what extent does the adoption of relay translation affect the translation quality