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Upon completion of this lecture, students will: 1. be able to draw an use case diagram 2. be able to draw a class diagram 3. be able to draw a sequence diagram 4. be able to draw an activity diagram 5. be able to draw a state diagram
Lecture 02: UML Objectives Upon completion of this lecture, students will: be able to draw an use case diagram be able to draw a class diagram be able to draw a sequence diagram be able to draw an activity diagram be able to draw a state diagram Agenda Engineering Design Cycles Structured Design Unified Modeling Language (UML) The Development Stages Requirements analysis and specs Conceptual design Detailed program design Implementation Unit and integration testing System testing System delivery Maintenance Example Development Life Cycle Models R The Waterfall Model V cycle Spiral Rapid Prototyping Agile Methods Waterfall Model V Cycle Spiral Rapid Prototyping Break the problem into little pieces Get a front-end implementation out quick Agile Methods Extreme Programming Sprints Focus on small increments Pair-wise or team programming Well defined quick tasks to get something out Scrum Quick meetings daily and/or weekly Activity Diagram Example Start Fork Branch Merge Join End 73 Swimlanes We can use swimlanes in activity diagrams to specify “who” does what (where the “who” could be a particular role or a particular class) To use swimlanes, you must arrange your activity diagrams into vertical zones separated by dashed lines No Swimlane activity diagram Activity diagram with swimlanes State Diagrams UML supports and extends A state Traditional notion of state machines is written as rectangle with rounded corners Transitions between states Reflect change in system from one state to another Expressed as an arrow directed from Source to destination Transition occurs when Event of interest to system occurs System has completed some action Ready to move to next state Called triggerless transition We may have an action associated with the transition We may have a transition to self States A state is a condition in which an object can be at some point during its lifetime, for some finite period of time A state is represented by a rounded rectangle A start state is represented by a solid circle A final state is represented by a solid circle with another open circle around it A transition is a change of an object from one state (the source state) to another (the target state) triggered by events, conditions, or time Transitions are represented by an arrow connecting two states State Diagram (Statechart) State diagrams are created during the analysis and design phase to describe the behavior of nontrivial objects State diagrams are good for describing the behavior of one object across several use cases and are used to identify object attributes and to refine the behavior description of an object State diagrams describe all the possible states a particular object can get into and how the objects state changes as a result of external events that reach the object Statechart Example State Diagram Example 81 Class Exercise A person interacting with a digital camera Design a cruise control system for a car Model the interaction with an ATM machine (let’s search the Web) Digital Camera Use case diagram Digital Camera Class diagram Digital Camera statechart Digital Camera Sequence diagram Digital Camera Activity diagram