DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY OF VIETNAM GRAMMARCOURSE - I ENGLISH FACULTY COURSE INSTRUCTOR: KIEU THI THU HUONG, Ph.D. Off. Tel. 0438-344-540, ext. 106 Rm. 314 Mob. O906-115-759 Email: thuhuongkieu@yahoo.com Recommended Reading: (1) English Grammar in Use. R. Murphy. CUP. (2) Understanding and Using English Grammar. B. S. Azar & D. A. Azar. Prentice Hall Regents. (3) A Practical English Grammar. A. J. Thomson & A. V. Martinet. Oxford English. (4) Longman English Grammar. L. G. Alexander. Longman. (5) Oxford Practice Grammar-Intermediate. J. Eastwood. Oxford. (6) Oxford Practice Grammar-Advanced. G. Yule. Oxford. (7) A University Grammar of English. R. Quirk, S. Greenbaum. Longman. Week Contents 1 Conditional Sentences: If- sentences, Wish-sentences (1), (3) 2 Conditional Sentences: Omitting “if”, As if/though Structures 3 Relative Clauses: Identifying Vs. Non-identifying (1), (2), (3), (5), (6) 4 Relative Clauses: Reducing Relative Clauses 5 Passive Voice 1 (1), (3), (5), (6) 6 Passive Voice 2 – Midterm Test 1 7 Verb Tenses 1 (1), (2), (3), (5), (6) 8 Verb Tenses 2 9 Subjunctive (3), (7) 10 Subject & Verb Agreement (3), (7) 11 Inversion 1 (3), (7) 12 Inversion 2 – Midterm Test 2 13 Reported Speech (1), (2), (3), (5), (6), (7) 14 Adjectives & Adverbs (1), (3), (5), (6) 15 Prepositions (1) – (6) Week 1 – CONDITIONAL SENTENCES I. If-Sentences: 1. Type 1 – Real Conditional-Future If + do/does - will/shall + do (I.1) 2. Type 2 – Unreal Conditional-Present/Future If + did - would/could/might/should + do (I.4) 3. Type 3 – Unreal Conditional-Past If + had done - would/could/might/should + have done (I.8) 4. Zero Conditional – Real Conditional-Present If + do/does – do/does If you pour oil into water, it always floats. 5. Mixed Conditional: if-2 + if-3 (I.10) 6. Unless = If … not (II.6) If you don’t wipe your feet, you’ll make muddy marks all over the floor. II. Wish-Sentences 1. Wishes – Future & Present a. wish (that) + did (I.4) b. wish (that) + would do (I.5) → Polite Request • S 1 ≠ S 2 • S 1 complains about present & hopes for a future change - I wish I were taller. (S 1 = S 2 ) would be - I wish it didn’t rain so much in England. (S 1 ≠ S 2 , unchangeable) wouldn’t rain 2. Wishes – Past Wish (that) + had done (II.2) III. Omitting “if” for Emphasis: 1. If-2: If I were you I wouldn’t do that. S -V Were I you I wouldn’t do that V - S 2. If-3: If I had known you were ill, I would have visited you. (S-V) S V Had I known you were ill, I would have visited you. (V-S) V S 3. If-1: If you should need my help, please let me know. (S-V) S V Should you need my help, please let me know. (V-S) V S 4. If it were not for + NP/Pron/doing - would do If it were not for you I wouldn’t go on this trip. Were it not for you I wouldn’t go on this trip. 5. If it hadn’t been for + NP/Pron/doing - would have done If it hadn’t been for that drug, I’d have died. Had it not been for that drug, I’d have died. 6. without would do 7. but for + NP/Pron/doing would have done eg. Without/But for you I wouldn’t go on that trip. Without/But for that drug, I’d have died. IV. Comparison with as if/though 1. Real comparison: As if/though + any tense You look as if you’ve just got a bad mark. (Present) It looks as though it’s going to rain. (Future) 2. Unreal comparison: a. As if/though + did (past simple) – do/does (present) They treat me as if I were their son. b. As if/though + had done (past perfect) – did (past) He jumped up as though he had stepped on a fire. V. Should do & should have done 1. should do: future meaning You should work hard and you’ll get good marks. 2. should have done: past meaning You should have worked hard. Look, you got many bad marks. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES – 1 I. Supply the correct form of the verb in brackets: 1. will look, find, will give 2. see, have 3. feel 4. saw, would think, had escaped 5. lose, bought, would lose 6. had, would drink 7. drank, got 8. hadn’t had, would have fallen 9. expected, had realized, was going to be, wouldn’t have accepted 10.hadn’t rung, would … be II. Correct the sentences if necessary 1. won’t → don’t 2. would → will 3. won’t → will/Unless → if 4. is → were * /was, won’t → wouldn’t 5. won’t → wouldn’t 6. Right 7. read → had read, would have understand → would have understood 8. were → had been 9. hadn’t → hadn’t got 10.have come → come III. Use a suitable form to fill the blank 1. work 2. pass 3. call/name 4. run 5. change 6. smoked 7. lived 8. driving 9. known 10.steal IV. Rewrite each of the sentences, using an if-construction 1. If he took some exercise, he wouldn’t be so unhealthy/ would be healthier. 2. If my number were * /was in the directory, people would ring me up. 3. If we had some matches, we could light a fire. 4. If I had a dog, I wouldn’t mind being in the house at night. 5. If English wouldn’t speak so fast, I might understand them. 6. If I had seen the signal, I would have stopped. 7. If she hadn’t been so shy, she would have spoken to him. 8. If we had had time, we would have visited the museum. 9. If you hadn’t washed it in boiling water, it wouldn’t have shrunk. 10.If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn’t have been run over. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES – 3 I. Use the given information to make conditional sentences with if 1. I would have gone to class if I hadn’t been sick yesterday. 2. Alan wouldn’t overeat at lunch if he ate breakfast. 3. Peter would have finished unloading the truck if John had helped him. 4. Jack wouldn’t have been late to his own wedding if his watch hadn’t been 10 minutes slow. 5. I would ride the bus to work every morning if it were * /was not always so crowded. 6. I wouldn’t have brought extra money with me if you had told me we were going to dinner after the movie. 7. We would finish the game if it were * /was not raining. 8. I wouldn’t be hungry now if I had had lunch. 9. Bob would have some money for lunch if he hadn’t left his wallet at home. 10.Carol would have answered the phone if she hadn’t been studying. II. Make sentences with the same meaning by omitting if 1. Should you need more money, go to the bank before 6 o’clock. 2. Were I you, I wouldn’t do that. 3. Had they realized the danger, they would have done it differently. 4. Had Alan tried to explain, I’m sure the professor would have given another chance. 5. Should anyone call, would you please take a message? 6. Were I your teacher, I would insist you do better work. 7. Had everyone arrived on time, none if these problems would have occurred. 8. Should the post office close before I get there, I’ll mail your package in the morning. 9. If I were your age, I’d do things differently. 10.If she were ever in trouble, I’d do anything I could to help her. III. Correct the sentences if necessary 1. is → were 2. appeared → had appeared 3. forgot → forgotten, needs → needed 4. Right 5. told → had told 6. ask → asked, (= If they had asked, … .) 7. Right (=If you should hear the fire alarm, … .) 8. Hadn’t you lent → Had you not lent 9. happened → had happened 10.stared → was staring IV. Supply the correct form of the verb in brackets 1. could 2. would … control 3. would … crash 4. continue 5. disappearing/to disappear 6. will be 7. would stop 8. had … known 9. would have got 10.done 11.would be finished 12.would have introduced 13.had won 14.would be 15.were (I you) 16.would think 17.had spun 18.had read 19.wouldn’t be 20.had got CONDITIONAL SENTENCES – 2 I. Using the information in brackets, complete the sentences 1. were * /was shining 2. had gone 3. had driven 4. could swim 5. would stop 6. had won 7. had got 8. hadn’t quit/quitted 9. were * /was 10.would sing 11.could bring 12.had offered II. Supply the correct form of the verb in brackets to complete each of the sentences 1. hadn’t missed 2. hadn’t gone 3. had studied 4. hadn’t moved 5. had taken 6. isn’t … fixed 7. hadn’t paid 8. have waited 9. hadn’t invited 10.talked 11.cooking 12.were * /was wearing; had worn 13.had realized 14.could 15.grew 16.would plan III. Finish each of the sentences, using a verb phrase 1. He wishes it would stop raining. 2. I wish someone would answer the phone. 3. She wishes he wouldn’t drive so fast. 4. He wishes that baby would stop crying 5. We wish people wouldn’t drop litter in the street. 6. I wish he wouldn’t always leave the door open/leave the door open so often. 7. I wish he would wear a coat. 8. She wishes he would answer her letter/ email/message. IV. Use a correct verb form to complete the following sentences 1. needs 2. isn’t going to come 3. is going to rain 4. are having 5. has been smoking 6. were * /was 7. knew 8. had stopped 9. hadn’t existed 10. had been made . wouldn’t rain 2. Wishes – Past Wish (that) + had done (II.2) III. Omitting “if” for Emphasis: 1. If-2: If I were you I wouldn’t do that. S -V Were I you I wouldn’t. I get there, I ll mail your package in the morning. 9. If I were your age, I d do things differently. 10.If she were ever in trouble, I d do anything I