Progressive Tense with “Always”: Tiếp diễn với “Always” - Thì tiếp diễn có thể dùng với “Always” để diễn tả một hành động luôn luôn đang xảy ra với một hành động khác trong quá khứ hoặc [r]
(1)UNIT 1: MY FRIENDS Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read To receive /ri'si:v/: nhận Ex: I received a letter from my friend Nien last week Next – door (adj): Kế bên, bên cạnh Neighbor / 'neibə/ (n): người hàng xóm Neighborhood (n): Láng giềng Ex: She was my next – door neighbor in Hue - She lives next to my house She is my neighbor - He is the friendliest person in my neighborhood To smile / smail/: mỉm cười smile (n): nụ cười Ex: What a lovely smile! Beauty (n): Cái đẹp Beautiful (a): đẹp beautifully (adv): hát hay Ex: - She is beautiful enough to take part in the contest - How beautiful you play today! - She is singing an English song beautifully - She loves the beauty of nature in Ha Long Bay Enough / i'nʌf/ (adj): đủ Ex: She wasn’t old enough to be in my class - She is beautiful enough to take part in the contest Friend (n): Bạn Friendly (a): Thân thiện Ex: People in the country are very friendly Part 2: Speak - Listen Slim / slim/ (adj): mảnh mai Ex: Miss Lien is slim Straight / streit/ (adj): thẳng Ex: She has straight hair Curly / kə:li/ (adj): quăn curly hair (n): tóc quăn Ex: She has curly hair Blond / bɔnd / (adj): vàng hoe Ex: Ann has short, curly blond hair Bald / bɔ:ld/ (adj): hói, trọc Ex: Mr Lai is bald Part 3: Read Character / 'kæriktə/ (n): tính cách, cá tính Ex: His character is different from mine Differ / 'difə / (v): Khác different / 'difrənt /(a): Khác biệt difference / 'difrəns /(n): Sự khác biệt Ex: Do you and your close friends have the same or different characters? Sociable / 'sou∫əbl / (adj): hòa đồng, dễ gần gủi Ex: Bao is the sociable - Huy makes friends very easily because he is very sociable Extremely / iks'tri:mli/ (adv): rất, Ex: Bao is extremely kind and generous Generous / dʒenərəs/ (adj): rộng lượng, rộng rãi Ex: - He is also extremely kind and generous - Mai has a lot of friends She is very generous Volunteer /,vɔlən'tiə/ (a): tình nguyện Volunteer (n): người tình nguyện, Orphanage / 'ɔ:fənidʒ/ (n): trại mồ côi Orphan (n): Trẻ mồ côi (2) Ex: He spends his free time doing volunteer work at a local orphanage Hard- working (adj): siêng năng, cần cù Grade / greid/ (n): điểm, hạng Ex: He is a hard – working student who always good grades Reserved / ,rezə've/ (adj): kín đáo Ex: Khai and Bao are quite reserved in public - Lan is a new comer That’s why she is reserved 10 Outgoing (adj): Thân thiện, vui vẻ = sociable (a): 11 Joke / dʒouk/ (n): chuyện đùa, To joke: nói đùa, nói chơi Ex: Sometimes, my jokes annoy them - I am not as outgoing as Bao, but I enjoy telling jokes 12 Humor /'hju:mə/ (n): khôi hài, tính hài hước Sense of humor: Óc hài hước Humorous (a): hài hước Ex: My friends usually enjoy my sense of humor - He is a humorous writer His story is very funny 13 To annoy /ə'nɔi/: làm khó chịu, bực mình Ex: My jokes sometimes annoy them Part 4: Write - Appearance / ə'piərəns/ (n): diện mạo, ngọai hình Ex: You shouldn’t talk about her character only through her appearance Part 5: Language focus I The Simple Present Tense: (Thì Hiện Tại Đơn) - Khi có các trạng từ: always, usually, often, sometimes, never, everyday / week /… - Động từ to be: (+) S + am / is / are (-) S + am / is / are + not (?) Am / Is / Are + S…? Ex: I (be) is a student He (not be) isn’t a doctor Are you (be) a teacher? - Động từ thường: (+) S + V (s/es) (-) S + don’t / doesn’t +V (?) Do / Does + S + V ? Ex: I go school everyday She doesn’t like football Do you often visit your grandmother? - My father often watches TV They don’t often play soccer Does Lan always get up early? * Notes: Thì đơn còn dùng để diễn tả thật hiển nhiên Ex: The sun rises in the East - The Earth moves around the sun II CÁCH DÙNG ENOUGH: Đối với câu cùng chủ từ: S + V (not) + Adj / Adv + ENOUGH + To V1…… Ex: Nam is rich He can help the poor children Nam is rich enough to help the poor children - Lan is young She can’t see the horror film Lan isn’t old enough to see the horror film - My brother is short He can’t reach the top shelf My brother isn’t tall enough to reach the top shelf Đối với câu khác chủ từ: S + V (not) + Adj / Adv + ENOUGH + for (s.o) + To V1 … Ex: The songs are very simple We can learn them easily The songs are simple enough for us to learn them easily - The question is difficult He doesn’t give the answer to it now The question is difficult for him to give the answer to it now * Notes: Trường hợp danh từ sau ENOUGH: S + V (not) + ENOUGH + Noun + To V1 … Ex: Mr Brown has money He can buy a new car (3) Mr Brown has enough money to buy a new car - You have time You can finish your report You have enough time to finish your report UNIT 2: MAKING ARRANGEMENTS Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read To arrange / ə'reindʒ/ = to make arrangement: Sắp xếp, đặt arrangement / ə'reindʒmənt/ (n) Ex: She arranged her homework before going out - Her flower arrangements won the grand prize at the competition - I’ll make arrangements for the meeting tonight - Mr Chau made an arrangement to see us at two o’clock - We’ll make arrangements for the party next week - The arrangements of those pictures made your room more attractive Fax machine / fæks mə'∫i:n/ (n): Máy fax Public telephone / 'pʌblik 'telifoun/ (n): Điện thọai công cộng Address book / ə'dres buk/ (n): Sổ ghi địa Mobile phone / 'moubail; 'moubi:l foun/ (n): Điện thọai di động Ex: Today many people usually use mobile phone instead of public telephone Telephone directory / 'telifoun di'rektəri/ (n): Danh bạ điện thoại Answering machine / 'ɑ:nsərin mə'∫i:n/ (n): Máy tự động trả lời Be going to + V1: dư định / sắp… Ex: I am going to see the movie Dream City at 6:45 this evening Would you like + to V1 ……………….?: Mời bạn ……………….? Ex: Would you like to come with me? 10 Downstairs / 'daunsteəz/ (adv): Ở tầng # Upstairs / ,ʌp'steəz/ (adv): Ở tầng trên Ex: He is living downstairs - I didn’t see my friend upstairs Maybe he downstairs then 11 Hold on / hould on/ (v): Chờ máy Ex: Hold on a minute, please 10 Cousin / 'kʌzn/ (n): Anh, chị, em họ Ex: I have some cousins living in Australia now 11 Let’s + V1: Hãy……… Ex: Let’s meet outside the theater 12 to make the call = phone = telephone: Gọi điện thoại Ex: Nga made the call 13 To introduce / ,intrə'dju:s /: giới thiệu introduction / ,intrə'dʌk∫n/ (n): Sự giới thiệu Ex: Can you introduce yourself? 14 To invite / in'vait/: mời invitation (n): lời mời, thiệp mời Ex: Nga invited Hoa to the movies 15 To agree / ə'gri:/: Đồng ý agreement / ə'gri:mənt/ (n): Sự đồng ý Ex: Do you agree with me? - Do you have an agreement with your partner? Part 2: Speak – Listen Concert / 'kɔnsət/ (n): buổi hòa nhạc Pop concert (n): Buổi hòa nhạc pop Ex: I’m going to a pop concert at the City Concert Center Kid /kid / (n): trẻ = Child Ex: The Kids in town Corner / 'kɔ:nə/ (n): Góc at the Café corner: góc đường quán ăn (4) Ex: Let’s meet inside the corner center, at the café corner Junior / 'dʒu:njə / (n): Trường THCS Ex: Kingston Junior High School Principal / 'prinsəpl / (n): Hiệu trưởng Ex: Mr John who is talking to Tom is a principal Part 3: Read To emigrate / 'emigreit/: di cư emigrant / 'emigrənt/ (n): Người di cư Ex: He later emigrated first to Canada and then to the USA in the 1870s - A G Bell was born in Scotland, but later he emigrated to Canada - Nam was Vietnamese so he emigrated to Canada Deaf – mute / def mju:t/ (n): Người vừa câm vừa điếc Ex: In America, he worked with deaf – mutes at Boston University To experiment / iks'periment/: Làm thí nghiệm experiment (n): Cuộc thí nghiệm Ex: A G Bell experimented with ways of transmitting speech over a long distance To transmit / trænz'mit/: Truyền, phát tín hiệu transmitting (n), transmission (n): Sự phát (thanh), truyền (hình) Speech / spi:t∫/ (n): lời nói Ex: A.G Bell started experimenting with ways of transmitting speech over a long distance To invent / in'vent/: Phát minh Invention (n): Sự phát minh Inventor (n): Nhà phát minh Ex: - This led to the invention of the telephone - A.G Bell is a telephone inventor - A G Bell invented the telephone in 1876 - A G Bell successfully demonstrated his inventions in 1876 - The telephone was invented by A G Bell To assist / ə'sist/: Trợ giúp, giúp đỡ assistant (n): Người phụ tá Ex: Thomas Watson is Bell’s assistant To conduct / 'kɔndʌkt/: Tiến hành, thực thiện Ex: A G Bell conducted many experiments To come up with: nghĩ Ex: A G Bell finally came up with a device which they first introduced in 1876 Device / di'vais / (n): Thiết bị Ex: At the exhibition, Bell presented his device to the public 10 To introduce / ,intrə'dju:s/: giới thiệu introduction (n): Sự giới thiệu Ex: - A.G Bell and Thomas Watson conducted many experiments - Finally, they came up with a device which they first introduced in 1876 11 Message / 'mesidʒ/ (n): Tin nhắn Ex: This is the first telephone message - “Mr Waston come here I want you” is the first telephone message 12 To demonstrate / 'demənstreit/: Mô tả, trình bày, trình diễn Demonstration (n): mô tả Ex: He succeeded in demonstrating his invention 13 To exhibit / ig'zibit/: Triển lãm exhibition (n): Cuộc triển lãm Ex: - They exhibited many kinds of flowers at the flower show - Have you ever seen the Picasso’s exhibitions 14 Countless / 'kauntlis/ (adj): Vô số Ex: A G Bell demonstrated his invention to the public at countless exhibitions - There are countless stars in the sky We can’t count them 15 Commercial / kə'mə:∫l/ (adj: Thuộc thương mại Ex: The first telephone was in commercial use (5) 16 Patient / 'pei∫nt/ (n): Bệnh nhân Ex: A G Bell worked with deaf – mutes patients in a hospital in Boston Part 4: Write Furniture / 'fə:nit∫ə / (n): Đồ đạt nhà To deliver / di'livə / delivery / di'livəri / (n): Sự phân phát Ex: Mrs Lien called about her furniture delivery Customer / 'kʌstəmə / (n): Khách hàng Service / 'sə:vis / (n): Dịch vụ Ex: A customer called the Thang Loi Delivery service Stationary / 'stei∫nəri / (n): Văn phòng phẩm order / 'ɔ:də / (n): Đơn đặt hàng Ex: Mr Nam called about his stationary order To reach / ri:t∫/: đến, tới, liên lạc với Ex: Mrs Van could reach him at 8634082 To leave s.o a message: Để lại cho tin nhắn Ex: Would you like to leave her a message? To pick s.o up: đón rước Ex: We will pick you up at a.m tomorrow 10 Racket / 'rækit/ (n): Cây vợt Ex: We bought two new rackets yesterday Part 5: Language focus I Cách dùng BE GOING TO: Be going to dùng để diễn tả ý định xảy tương lai gần Thể khẳng định: (Affirmatives) S + am / is / are + going to + V …… (dự định, sắp, sẽ…) - I am going to + V1… - You / We / They + are going to + V1… - He / She / It + is going to + V1…… Ex: Nga has a movie ticket She is going to see a movie - Quang and Nam bought new fishing rods yesterday They are going to go fishing - Hien’s friened invited her to his birthday party She is going to give him a birthday present - Mr Hoang likes action movies very much and there’s an interesting action movie on TV tonight He is going to see the action movie on TV tonight Thể phủ định: (Negatives) S + am / is / are + not + going to + V…… - I am not going to + V1… - You / We / They + are not going to + V1… - He / She / It + is not going to + V1…… Ex: I am not going to have breakfast this morning I’m not hungry - He is not going to buy some books tomorrow - They are not going to wear jeans at the party tonight Thể nghi vấn: (Interrogatives) Am / Is / Are + S + going to + V…… ? - Am I going to + V1……? - Are +you / we / they + going to + V1……? - Is + he / she / it + going to + V1………? Ex: Are you going to invite John to your party? - Are they going to play tennis tomorrow? (6) - Is he going to sell his car? UNIT3: AT HOME Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read Chore /t∫ɔ:/ (n): Công việc nhà one’s chore: làm công việc nhà Ex: My sister often does the chores everyday - Lan can’t go to the movies because she has to her chores To make bed: dọn giường Ex: She is making bed at the moment To sweep the floor: Quét nhà Ex: What is doing now? – She is sweeping the floor To tidy up: dọn dẹp Ex: She is tidying up after doing her homework To feed the chicken: Cho gà ăn Ex: Lan is feeding the chicken in the morning Have to + V1: Phải Ex: I have to go and visit grandma after work To cook dinner: nấu ăn tối Yourself (reflexive pronoun): Đại từ phản thân Ex: You will have to cook dinner yourself Cupboard / 'kʌpbəd/ (n) Tủ ly, tủ chén Ex: There is rice in the cupboard 10 To steam / sti:m/: hấp steamer (n): Nồi hấp Ex: Cook the meat in the steamer for at least 30 minutes 11 Sink /siηk/ (n): Bồn rửa chén Ex: The steamer is under the sink 12 Saucepan / 'sɔ:spən / (n): cái xoong 13 Frying pan (n): Cái chảo Ex: The steamer is under the sink, between the saucepan and the frying pan 14 Rice cooker / rais kukə/ (n): Nồi cơm điện 15 Stove / stouv/ (n): Cái bếp Ex: The rice cooker is beside the stove Part 2: Speak – Listen Bowl / boul / (n): tô Ex: The fruit is in the bowl Plate / pleit/ (n): Cái dĩa Ex: The plate is on the table Rug / rʌg / (n): Tấm thảm trải sàn Couch / kaut∫ / (n): ghế trường kỷ Ex: We ought to put the rug between the armchair and the couch Cushion / 'ku∫n / (n): cái nệm gối Part 2: Read Safety / 'seifti/ (n): Sự an toàn safe (a): an toàn safely (adv): cách an toàn Ex: She is worried about the safety of her children - You should know more about the safety precautions in the home Precaution / pri'kɔ:∫n / (n): Sự đề phòng Safety precaution (n): Sự giữ gìn an toàn - You should know more about the safety precautions in the home Chemical / 'kemikl / (n): Hóa chất (7) Ex: You must all chemicals and drugs in locked cupboard Drug / drʌg / (n): Thuốc uống To lock / lɔk / (v): Khóa lại Ex: You must all chemicals and drugs in locked cupboard Dangerous / 'deindʒrəs / (a): Nguy hiểm Danger (n): Sự nguy hiểm Ex: The kitchen is a dangerous place To make sure: làm cho chắn, bảo đảm Ex: You have to make sure children not play with matches Match / mæt∫ / (n): que diêm Ex: You have to make sure children not play with matches To destroy / di'strɔi /: Tàn phá, tiêu hủy Destruction (n): Sự tàn phá Ex: Fire destroys homes and injures children 10 To injure / 'indʒə / : Làm bị thương, làm hại Injury (n): Sự tổn thương Ex: Fire destroys homes and injures children - The child injured himself by playing with a knife 11 To cause a fire: Gây hỏa hoạn Ex: It takes one match to cause a fire 12 To cover: bao phủ, che đậy 13 Socket / 'sɔkit/ (n): Ổ cắm Ex: You must cover electrical sockets so that children not try to put anything into them 14 Electricity / i,lek'trisiti / (n): Điện, điện Electrical socket (n): ổ điện Ex: There wasn’t any electricity in our village two years ago 15 To kill / kil / : Giết chết Ex: Electricity can kill 16 Object / 'ɔbdʒikt / (n): Đồ vật Ex: All objects in the kitchen are unsuitable for children 17 Reach / ri:t∫ / (n): Tầm tay children’s reach (n): Tầm tay trẻ em Ex: You have to keep all dangerous objects out of children’s reach - Keep those medicines out of the children’s reach 18 To include / in'klu:d/: Bao gồm Ex: Dangerous objects include scissors, knives, and small objects 19 Scissors / 'sizə / (n): Cái kéo Ex: Dangerous objects include scissors, knives, and small objects 20 Knife / naif / (n): Con dao Knives (n): Ex: Dangerous objects include scissors, knives, and small objects 21 Bead / bi:d / (n): Hạt, hột Ex: These include scissors, knives and small objects such as beads 22 Household / 'haushould/ (n): gia đình, hộ gia đình Ex: Many household objects are dangerous Part 5: Language focus I Reflexive Pronouns: (Đại Từ Phản Thân) Pronouns (Đại từ) Reflexive Pronouns (Đại từ phản thân) I Myself: Chính tôi You Yourself: Chính bạn, Chính chị He Himself: Chính nó, Chính anh She Herself: Chính cô It Itself: Chính nó (đồ vật) We Ourselves: Chính chúng tôi (8) You Yourselves: Chính các bạn They Themselves: Chính họ * Cách dung Đại từ phản thân (Reflexive Pronouns): Đại từ phản thân dùng để liên hệ chính chủ từ câu Ex: He looked at himself in the mirror Đại từ phản thân dùng nhấn mạnh chủ từ, có nghĩa: chính người đó, chính vật đó Trong trường hợp này nó có thể đặt sau chủ từ đặt cuối câu Ex: We ourselves saw her at the bank yesterday - He answered the phone himself Đại từ phản thân dùng để nhấn mạnh cho túc từ Ex: I read that letter itself II Modal Verbs: (Động Từ Khuyếm Khuyết): can, may, must, shall, will, have to, ought to + V1 Must: (phải) – Dùng để diễn tả bắt buộc từ suy nghĩ bên người nói a Thể khẳng định: (Affirmatives): S + must + V1… Ex: You must study your lesson b Thể phủ định: (Negatives): S + must not = mustn’t + V1… Ex: You mustn’t go out at night c Thể nghi vấn: (Interrogatives): Must + S + V1 ………? Ex: Must I help him to this work? Have to: (phải) – Dùng để diễn tả bắt buộc từ tác động bên ngoài a Thể khẳng định: (Affirmatives): S + has to / have to + V1… Ex: She has to help her mother to the housework b Thể phủ định: (Negatives): S + / does + not + have to + V1… Ex: I don’t have to go to school on Sundays c Thể nghi vấn: (Interrogatives): Do / Does + S + have to ………? Ex: Do you have to the homework today? - Does she have to finish the work before o’clock? Ought to: (phải) – Dùng để diễn tả lời khuyên, lời đề nghị a Thể khẳng định: (Affirmatives): S + ought to + V1… Ex: You ought to come to visit her b Thể phủ định: (Negatives): S + ought not to = (oughtn’t to) + V1… Ex: They oughtn’t to let their dogs run on the road WHY - BECAUSE: (Tại sao? – Bởi vì) - Why (tại sao): Là trạng từ nghi vấn dùng để hỏi lý - Because (Bởi vì): Là liên từ để lý Ex: Why you often go to school late? – Because the traffic is very heavy - Why is Hoa unhappy? – Because she misses her parents and her friends UNIT4: OUR PAST Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read Past / pɑ:st / (n): Quá khứ Ex: There wasn’t electricity in the past Used to + V1: Thường Ex: My grandma used to live on a farm - Nga’s Grandma used to live on the farm To look after: Chăm sóc Ex: I used to look after my younger brother (9) Great – grandma (n) = Great – grandmother: Bà cố Great – grandfather (n): Ông cố To cook the meals: Nấu ăn Ex: Nga’s grandma used to cook the meals To clean the house: Lau nhà Ex: Nga’s grandma used to clean the house To wash the clothes: Giặt đồ Ex: Nga’s grandma used to wash the clothes Ex: She used to cook the meals, clean the house and wash the clothes To sound / saund/: Nghe có vẽ Ex: That sounds like hard work 10 Equipment / i'kwipmənt / (n): Thiết bị Ex: Mom had to everything without the help of modern equipment - Our life is much better with the help of modern equipment 11 To light / lit / lit: Thắp sang, đốt… Ex: After dinner, Mom lit the lamp and Dad used to tell us stories 12 Folktale / 'foukteil / (n): Truyện dân gian Ex: The Lost Shoe is an folktale 13 Tradition / trə'di∫n / (n): Truyền thống Traditional (a): Thuộc truyền thống Ex: The Lost Shoe is a traditional story - AO DAI is the traditional dress of Vietnamese women - The Lost Shoe is one of the traditional stories I like best Part 2: Speak - Listen Cottage / 'kɔtidʒ / (n): Nhà lợp tranh Ex: People used to live in cottages Foolish / 'fu:li∫ / (a): ngu ngốc Greedy / 'gri:di / (a): tham lam Ex: Don’t be foolish and greedy Part 3: Read Once / wʌns / (adv): Trước kia, xưa Poor / pɔ:(r) / (a): Nghèo Poverty (n): Sự nghèo nàn Ex: Once a poor farmer had a daughter Little Pea Fortunately (adv): cách may mắn = Luckily (adv): may mắn thay # Unfortunately (adv): thật không may mắn = Unluckily (adv) Ex: - Fortunately, she wasn’t injured in the accident - Unluckily, Peter failed in the final exam - Luckily, my sister passes the exam Cruel / 'kruəl / (a): Độc ác Ex: Unfortunately, the new wife was cruel to Little Pea Upset / ʌp'set / (a): Buồn phiền, bực bội Ex: This made Little Pea’s father very upset To hold / held / held: Tổ chức Ex: In the fall, the village held its harvest festival Harvest / 'hɑ:vist/ (n): Mùa thu hoạch Ex: In the fall, the village held its harvest festival Festival / 'festivəl / (n): Lễ hội Ex: In the fall, the village held its harvest festival Excited (a): phấn khởi, hào hứng excitedly (adv): (10) Ex: We are excited about your news - The fans cheered excitedly when their favorite singer was on the stage - The news made all the villagers excitedly They were happy to wait for the prince 10 Prince / prins / (n): Hoàng tử Ex: Everyone was excited as the prince wanted to choose his wife from the village 11 Fairy / 'feəri / (n): Ông Bụt, Ông Tiên Ex: A fairy appeared and magically changed her old clothes 12 To appear / ə'piə /: Xuất Ex: A fairy appeared and magically changed her old clothes 13 Magically (adv): Thần thông, kỳ diệu Ex: A fairy appeared and magically changed her old clothes 14 Rag /ræg / (n) giẻ rách Ex: A fairy appeared and magically changed Little Pea’s rags into beautiful clothes Part 4: Write Buffalo / 'bʌfəlou / (n): trâu To graze / greiz /: gặm cỏ, ăn cỏ nearby / 'niəbai / (adv): gần đó Ex: A farmer was in his field and his buffalo was grazing nearby Servant / 'sə:vənt / (n): Người đầy tớ, người phục vụ Master / 'mɑ:stə / (n): ông chủ, người chủ Ex: The tiger wanted to know why the strong buffalo was the servant and the small man was the master Wisdom / 'wizdəm / (n): Trí khôn, trí thông minh Ex: The farmer said he had something called wisdom To tie / tai/: buộc chặt Rope / roup/ (n): dây thừng Ex: The farmer tied the tiger to a tree with a rope Straw / strɔ: / (n): Rơm Ex: The farmer brought some straw 10 To burn – burnt – burnt: thêu rụi Ex: The farmer lit the straw and the fire burnt the tiger 11 To escape / is'keip /: Trốn thoát 12 Stripe / straip / (n): sọc, vằn Ex: The tiger escaped, but it still has black stripes from the burns today Part 5: Language focus I The Simple Past Tense: (Thì Quá Khứ Đơn) - Khi có các trạng từ: yesterday, last (week), ago (two days ago), this morning, in 2009… - Động từ to be: (+) S + was / were (-) S + was / were + not (?) Was / Were + S…? Ex: I was born in 1998 He wasn’t in Paris last week Were you at home last night? - Động từ thường: (+) S + V (2/ed) (-) S + didn’t +V (?) Did + S + V… ? Ex:(+) I (paint) painted the window yesterday (-) She (buy) bought a new computer two months ago (-) He (not go) didn’t go to work two days ago (?) Did you (meet) meet him at the bank last week? II Used to: (thường) – Dùng để diễn tả thói quen thường làm quá khứ mà bây không còn làm a Thể khẳng định: (Affirmatives): S + used to + V1… đã thường (11) Ex: When my father was young, he used to play tennis b Thể phủ định: (Negatives): S + didn’t + use to + V1… đã không thường Ex: He didn’t use to play soccer c Thể nghi vấn: (Interrogatives): Did + S + use to + V1 ………? Có thường không…? Ex: Did he use to write to you when he was in England? III PREPOSITION OF TIME: (Giới từ thời gian) In : dung với tháng, năm., vào các buổi ngày Ex: - There will be more people on our planet in 2010 - It’s often rain in July - School starts lessons in the morning On: Được dung với ngày, tháng có ngày Ex: We’ll move to our new house on October 20th - She will be 14 on her next birthday - I usually go swimming on Tuesday At: vào lùc, vào Ex: The meeting will begin at A.M and finish at P.M - Her mother works hard at night After: sau Ex: After breakfast, I go to school Before: Trước Ex: We finish our homework before 10 o’clock Between: Giữa hai khoảng thời gian Ex: They have Math between Monday and Wednesday UNIT5: STUDY HABITS Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read Habit / 'hæbit/ (n): Thói quen Study habit (n): Thói quen học tập Report (n): Phiếu thông báo report card (n): Sổ học bạ Ex: Report card is a document written by teachers giving details of student’s work at school - I went to school today and your teacher gave me your report card Excellent / 'eksələnt / (a): Xuất sắc, tốt Ex: She is an excellent student in my class - How did Tim study this semester? – Excellent Proud (a): hãnh diện, tự hào be proud of: Tự hòa pride (n): niềm tự hào Proudly (adv) Ex: She’s proud of her son - My parents are always pround of me - I am proud of you, my darling - We proudly talk to you about our school - They take proudly in their excellent performance - She felt proudly when she was chosen to be the best pupil in the school Semester / si'mestə / = term (n): học kỳ Ex: We all study very hard for the first semester - I know you worked really hard this semester To improve / im'pru:v/: cải thiện improvement (n): cải thiện Ex: He studied harder to improve his English - Which subject you need to improve? - He does morning exercises regularly to improve his health (12) To Pronounce / prə'nauns /: Phát âm Pronunciation (n): Sự / Cách phát âm Need + To V1: Cần …… Ex: Tim needs to improve his Spanish pronunciation - Miss Jackson said you should work harder on your Spanish pronunciation - How you pronounce this word? To promise / 'prɔmis /: Hứa promise (n): Lời hứa 10 To Try one’s best: Cố gắng hết mình Ex: Tim promised to try his best in learning Spanish Part 2: Speak - Listen to one’s homework: làm bài tập… Ex: When you your homework? I my homework after school / after dinner Who helps you with your homework? My parents helps me with my homework To spend: / spent / spent: bỏ thời gain Ex: I spend half an hour on history Which subjects you need to improve? I need to improve English to read English stories: Đọc truyện Tiếng Anh Ex: I read English stories to improve my English Behavior (n): hàmh vi, cử Participant (n): Sự tham gia Part 3: Read To learn: học learner (n): người học Language learner (n): Người học ngôn ngữ Way (n): cách different way (n): Cách khác Ex: Langauge learners learn words in different ways To make a list: Lập thành danh sách To mean / mi:n /: nghĩa meaning (n): Ý nghĩa Mother tongue (n): Tiếng mẹ đẻ Ex: Some people make a list of new words with the meaning in their mother tongue To learn by heart: học thuộc lòng Ex: You should study English vocabulary by heart - Some people think that learning vocabulary by heart is the best way To stick (v): dán Piece of paper (n): Mẫu giấy Ex: In order to remember words better, some learners write words on small pieces of paper and stick it somewhere in their house so as to learn it at any time To come across: tình cờ gặp Ex: Don’t forget to learn all new words you come across in a day - Some people learn any new words they come across 10 To underline / 'ʌndəlain/: gạch Ex: Read through the passage and underline any words you don’t understand 11 To highlight / 'hailait / : Tô đậm Ex: They usually underline or highlight only the words they want to learn 12 Important (a): Quan trọng importance (n): tầm quan trọng Ex: Many learners only learn new words that are important 13 To revise / ri'vaiz / : Ôn tập Revision (n): Sự ôn tập Ex: You can learn all the ten words the first day and revise them the next day - We should revise lessons carefully before going to school 14 Necessary / 'nesisəri / (a): Cần thiết Necessity (n): Sự cần thiết Ex: Revision is necessary (13) 15 To find out: tìm Ex: Language learners should try different wats of learning words so as to find out the best way for themselves Part 4: Write To enjoy: Thưởng thức Enjoyable (a): vui vẻ Ex: You had an enjoyable Christmas vacation Lunar / 'lu:nə / (a): Thuộc âm lịch Lunar new year (n): Tết âm lịch (Tết ta) Ex: That’s the Lunar New Year in Viet Nam Part 5: Language focus REPORTED SPEECH (CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT) I COMMANDS: (CÂU MỆNH LỆNH) Affirmative commands: (Câu mệnh lệnh xác định) Muốn đổi câu mệnh lệnh xác định câu tường thuật, ta chú ý: - Said to told - Thêm to trước động từ ngoặc kép - Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép Ex: His father said to him, “Go to school on time” His father told him to go to school on time Negative commands: (Câu mệnh lệnh phủ định) Muốn đổi câu mệnh lệnh phủ định câu tường thuật, ta chú ý: - Don’t not to Ex: She said to them, “Don’t go out in the rain” She told them not to go out in the rain * Notes: a) Đại từ nhân xưng ngôi thứ 1: I, we, me, us và tính từ sỡ hữu my, our câu nói ta phải đổi theo chủ từ làm chủ câu nói Ex: He said to her, “Give me that book.” He told her to give him that book b) Đại từ nhân xưng You và tính từ sở hữu Your câu nói ta phải đổi theo túc từ mệnh đề chính Ex: He said to me, “Don’t put your handbag on the desk” He told me not to put my handbag on the desk - “Bring me a book” he said to me He told me ……………………………………………………………………………………………… - “Give me another” she said to him She told …………………………………………………………………………………………………… II REQUESTS: (CÂU YÊU CẦU) Muốn đổi câu yê cầu câu tường thuật, ta chú ý: - Said to asked - Bỏ Please - Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép Ex: She said to him, “Please don’t take my book.” She asked him not to take her book * Notes: Trường hợp câu yêu cầu với can, could, will, would ta làm cách trên Ex: “Will you open the window, please?” She said to him She asked him to open the window - “Could you the washing up for me?” Tam’s mother asked her ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… - Could you lend me your dictionary? Ba asked me …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (14) - Can you help my son with his English? Mrs Tam asked Chau’s father ………………………………………………………………………………………… III ADVICE: (LỜI KHUYÊN) Đây là câu nói thường, thuật lại ta không đổi vị trí câu Vẫn dung Should (nên) Ex: “You should help your mother at home” he said to me He told me I should help my mother at home - Mrs Jackson said to Jim “You should improve your Spanish pronunciation” Mrs Jackson told Jim …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… - The doctor said to me “You should stay in bed for a few days” The doctor told me ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… UNIT6: THE YOUNG PIONEERS CLUB Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read Pioneer / ,paiə'niə(r)/ (n): Người tiên phong Organize (n): tổ chức Organization (n): Sự tổ chức Youth Organization (n): Đoàn Thanh Niên Ex: Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union is an organization To participate in / pɑ:'tisipeit/ = to take part in: Tham gia Participant (n): Người tham gia Ex: My mother usually participates social activities - As a member of the Y & Y Green group Nam wanted to participate in a recycling program Blind / blaind / (a): mù The blind (n): Người mù Ex: The blind is necessary to help Handicapped / 'hændikæpt/ (a): bị tật nguyền Ex: Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union is helping handicapped children To enroll / in'roul /: ghi danh, kết nạp Enrollment (n): Sự đăng ký Ex: I’m enrolling for the activities for this summer To apply: Application / ,æpli'kei∫n/ (n): Đơn xin Application form (n): Mẫu đơn applicant (n): ứng viên xin việc Ex: Let me get an application form - We received a lot of applicants for this job To fill out: Điền vào Ex: Let me get an application form and we can fill it out Hobby / 'hɔbi/ (n): sở thích Ex: What are your hobbies? / My hobby is reading books 10 To draw / drɔ: /: Vẽ Drawing (n): Môn vẽ Ex: I like drawing and outdoor activities 11 To act / ækt /: đóng kịch acting (n): Môn học đóng kịch Ex: I enjoy acting, too 12 Form / fɔ:m / (n): Mẫu đơn 13 To sign / sain /: ký tên Signature (n): Chữ ký Ex: Please take this form to your teacher and ask her to sign it Part 2: Speak - Listen Favor / 'feivə / (n): Ân huệ, ưu đãi To ask for favor: Nhờ đó giúp đỡ Ex: Could you me a favor, please? To respond: trả lời, đáp lại To respond to favor: đáp lại, đáp ứng Ex: What can I for you? to offer assistance: Đề nghị giúp đỡ Ex: May I help you? to respond assistance: đáp ứng lại giúp đỡ Ex: Yes / No, Thank you (15) Part 3: Read Communist / 'kɔmjunist / (n): người Cộng sản Union / 'ju:niən / (n): Đoàn Communist Youth Union (n): Đoàn Thanh Niên Cộng Sản Ex: Ho Chi Minh Communish Youth Union To encourage / in'kʌridʒ /: Khuyến khích Encouragement (n): Sự khuyến khích Ex: My mother usually encourages me in my study Citizenship / 'sitizn∫ip / (n): Công dân Fitness (n): khỏe mạnh Ex: The Union encourages good citizenship, soft skills and personal fitness to found = to establish / is'tæbli∫/ : thành lập Ex: The Union was founded on March 26, 1931 To help the Handicapped: Giúp đỡ trẻ em tàn tật To clean the environment: Làm môi trường Campaign / kæm'pein / (n): Chiến dịch Green Summer Volunteers Campaign: Chiến dịch tình nguyện mùa hè xanh 10 movement (n): Phong trào 11 awareness (n): nhận thức 12 Principle / 'prinsəpl / (n): Nguyên tắc 13 Guideline / 'gaidlain / (n): Lời hướng dẫn Part 4: Write To plan / plæn /: Kế hoạch Community / kə'mju:niti / (n): Cộng đồng Ex: My school is planning to help the community To participate / pɑ:'tisipeit /: tham gia Participant (n): Người tham gia Ex: He is going to participate in Youth Union Resource /ri'sɔ:s/ (n): tài nguyên Natural resources (n): Tài nguyên thiên nhiên Ex: We can help save natural resources by recycling used glass, paper and cans - We can help save natural resources and earn some money for organization Fund (n): quỹ, tiền quỹ Ex: Besides the recycling program, there are other programs such as raising fund for the poor, helping street children To recycle / ,ri:'saikl/: Tái chế Recycling (n): Việc tái chế Ex: As a member of the Y & Y Green group Nam wanted to take part in a recycling program Sidewalk (n): vỉa hè Ex: - You should walk on the sidewalks - We will plant trees and flowers along the sidewalks or the parks To register / 'redʒistə/ : Đăng ký Ex: Where can I register for the English course? Bank (n): Bờ bank of the lake (n): Bờ hồ Ex: We are going to clean the banks of the lakes on weekends Part 5: Language focus I Present Tense With Future Meaning: (Thì Hiện Tại Đơn Mang Nghĩa Tương Lai) Thì đơn thường dung để diển tả chân lý, việc thường xảy Ex: The Earth rises in the East - My father often takes me to school Khi nói thời gain biểu, lịch trình tương lai, ta dung thì đơn Ex: The flight leaves Ho Chi Minh City at a.m (16) - What time does she go to work tomorrow? II Gerund: (V – ing) avoid (tránh), enjoy (thích), finish (hòan tất), like (thích), love (yêu thích), hate (ghét), mind (để ý), prefer (thích hơn), suggest (đề nghị)… + V - ing - Sau các giới từ: in / on / at / to / for / from / with / without (mà không)… Ex: He often avoids (meet) meeting me - I enjoy (go) going on an excursion - I am interested in (study) studying math - She is fond of (listen) listening to music III Modals “May / Can / Could”: May: Được dùng câu hỏi dùng để xin phép, hay đề nghị người khác giúp đỡ việc gì đó Ex: May I go out? - May you gave me a helping hand? Can / Could: - Dùng để diễn tả khả Can còn có nghĩa tương đương là biết Ex: Can you speak English? - Dùng để yêu cầ người khác làm dùm mình việc nào đó Ex: Can you turn the light on for me? UNIT7: MY NEIGHBORHOOD Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read Neighborhood / 'neibəhud/ (n): Láng giềng Neighbor (n): Người láng giềng, người hàng xóm Ex: - My neighbor is very friendly - A new shopping mall is opening in Nam’s neighborhood today Grocery store (n): Tiệm tạp hóa Ex: I always go to the grocery store near my house Wet market (n): Chợ cá Ex: The wet market is often busy in the morning Area / 'eəriə / (n): Khu vực Ex: I know this area very well Close by (adv) = nearby (adv): gần đây Ex: Is There a restaurant close by? S + V + too + adj + To + V1……… quá ………… đến nỗi………… Ex: My mother is too tired to cook tonight To serve / sə:v /: phục vụ Ex: It serves Hue food Pancake / 'pænkeik/ (n): Bánh xèo Ex: I think the pancakes are delicious Delicious / di'li∫əs / (a): Ngon, thơm ngon Ex: Vietnamese food is very delicious Tasty / 'teisti / (a): đậm đà, hợp vị Ex: Nam thinks the pancakes are tasty Part 2: Speak and Listen Parcel / 'pɑ:s(ə)l /(n): Bưu kiện Ex: I want to send this parcel to Quy Nhon Airmail / 'eə'meil / (n): Thư gửi đường hàng không (17) Ex: How much is airmail? Surface mail / 'sə:fis meil/ (n): Thư gửi đường biển, Ex: Surface mail is cheaper To Exhibit / ig'zibit /(v): Triển lãm Exhibition / ,eksi'bi∫n /(n): Cuộc triễn lãm Ex: Na will go to the photo exhibition this week Part 3: Read Mall / mɔ:l / (n): Khu thương mại Shopping mall (n): Khu mua sắm Ex: A new shopping mall is opening in Nam’s neighborhood today Convenient / kən'vi:njənt / (a): Tiện lợi Convenience (n): Sự tiện lợi Ex: It is very convenient for customers to go to shopping mall Humid / 'hju:mid / (a): ẩm ướt Ex: That will be very convenient, especially during the hot and humid summer Comfort / 'kʌmfət / (n): Sự thoải mái Comfortable (a): Thoải mái Ex: Customers will shop in comfort and won’t notice the weather Business / 'biznis / (n): Việc kinh doanh, mua bán Take one’s business: Chiếm lĩnh việc kinh doanh Ex: He is in the oil business Owner (n): Người chủ Ex: The owners of small stores on Tran Phu Street thinks the mall will take their business To offer: Đưa Ex: The stores in the mall will offer a wider selection Product / 'prɔdəkt / (n): Sản phẩm Production (n): Sự sản xuất To select / si'lekt /: Lựa chọn Selection (n): Sự lựa chọn Ex: The stores in the mall will offer a wider selection of products 10 Resident / 'rezidənt / (n): Cư dân 11 To be concerned about: Quan tâm, lo lắng Ex: The residents and store owners have been concerned about the new mall for a few months 12 To discuss / 'diskəs/: Thảo luận Discussion (n): Cuộc thảo luận Ex: They have organized a community meeting in order to discuss the situation 13 To organize: Tổ chức Organization (n): Sự tổ chức Ex: Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union is an organization 14 Situation (n): Tình huống, tình hình Part 4: Write To discuss / dis'kʌs / : Thảo luận Discussion (n): Bài thảo luận Ex: Can you discuss with me about the environmental pollution? Effect / i'fekt / (n): tác động Effective (a): Hiệu Effectively (adv): Một cách iệu Ex: Mr John is a new worker but he works effectively To hold – held – held: tổ chức Contest / kən'test / (n): Kỳ thi Ex: The school English speaking club is going to hold a speaking contest To contact / 'kɔntækt/ : Liên hệ Ex: The person to contact is Tran Thi Thu Hang of clas 8H Part 5: Language focus I Present perfect Tense with for and since: (Thì hoàn thành với for và since) - Công thức: S + Has / have + V3 / Ved… - Trạng từ nhận biết: + For (trong thời gian) for ten years, for two months… + Since (kể từ) since 1975, since last week… a Thể khẳng định: (Affirmatives): S + has / have + V3 / Ved… (18) - He / She / It + has + V3 / Ved ……… - I / You / We / They + have + V3 / Ved………… Ex: I (study) have studied English for five years b Thể phủ định: (Negatives): S + has / have (not) + V3 / Ved… - He / She / It + hasnot (hasn’t)+ V3 / Ved ……… - I / You / We / They + havenot (haven’t) + V3 / Ved………… Ex: She (not meet) hasn’t met her old friends for a long time c Thể nghi vấn: (Interrogatives): Has / Have + S + V3 / Ved……? - Has + he / she / it + V3 / Ved ……… ? - Have + I / you / we / they + V3 / Ved…………? Ex: Have you (live) lived in this town for over 20 years? II Comparison with LIKE / (NOT)THE SAME AS / (NOT) AS …….AS / DIFFERENT FROM: (SO SÁNH VỚI LIKE / (NOT)THE SAME AS / (NOT)AS …AS/ DIFFERENT FROM) LIKE: (Như) Sau like là danh từ, đại danh từ Ex: He is like his father THE SAME AS: (Giống như) Dùng để diễn tả đồng Ex: Her dress is the same as yours – No, It isn’t the same as mine It is new DIFFERENT FROM: Khác với Ex: This computer is different from that one AS … As: (Như) Được dùng để diển tả lòng Ex: He drives as carefully as you - She is not as beautiful as her sister UNIT8: COUNTRY LIFE AND CITY LIFE Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read Fresh / fre∫/ (a): mát mẻ, lành Fresh air (n): Không khí lành Fresh food (n): thực phẩm tươi Ex: I like to live in the countryside because of the fresh air Traffic jam / træfik dʒæm/ (n): nạn kẹt xe, ùn tắc giao thông Ex: I went to school late yesterday because there was a traffic jam View (n): Quang cảnh Ex: We enjoy the beautiful views in the country Relative / 'relətiv/ (n): Bà con, họ hàng Ex: Some of my relatives live in Kim Lien village Quiet / kwaiət / (a): yên tĩnh = peaceful / 'pi:sfl / (a): yên bình # noisy / 'nɔizi / (a): Ồn ào, náo nhiệt Ex: The country is very quiet and peaceful - The city is very noisy Permanent / 'pə:mənənt / (a): Vĩnh viễn, thường xuyên Permanently (adv): Một cach thường xuyên Ex: I don’t want to live there permanently Remote / ri'mout/ (a): xa xôi, hẻo lánh Remote area (n): Khu vực xa xôi Ex: Many remote areas are getting electricity Refrigerator / ri'fridʒəreitə / (n): Tủ lạnh Ex: People can now have things like refrigerators Information / ,infə'mei∫n / (n): thông tin 10 Entertain / ,entə'tein / (v): giải trí entertainment (n): giải trí, khu giải trí 11 Not only ……………………… But also…………: Không ……………… mà còn………… Ex: TV is bringing not only information but also entertainment 12 Facility / fə'siliti / (n): Phương tiện, sở vật chất 13 Medical (a): Thuộc y tế (19) 14 Accessible / æk'sesəbl / (a): Có thể tiếp cận Ex: The medical facilities are more easily accessible 15 Definitely / 'definitli/ (adv): Nhất định Ex: Life in the provinces is definitely changing for the better 16 Prefer …………… to: Thích ………………… hơn…………… Ex: I prefer the country life to the city life 17 Opinion / ə'piniən / (n): quan điểm, ý kiến Ex: What is her opinion of the countryside? – The country is very quiet and peaceful 18 To mention / 'men∫n /: Đề cập Ex: What are some of the changes that Hoa mention? Part 2: Speak – Listen Busy / 'bizi / (a): nhộn nhịp, bận bịu Ex: The City is very busy modern / mɔdən / (a): đại Ex: The town is more modern dirty / 'də:ti / (a): dơ, bẩn Ex: The air in the city is very dirty Expensive (a): đắt tiền # cheap (a): rẽ Ex: The cost of living in the city is very expensive - The cost living in the country is very cheap Part 3: Read Rural / 'ruərəl / (a): Thuộc nông thôn Rural area (n): Khu vực nông thôn Urban / 'ə:bən / (a): Thuộc đô thị Urban area (n): Khu đô thị Tradition (n): Truyền thống Traditional (a): Thuộc truyền thống Ex: Many people from rural areas are leaving behind their traditional way of life Plentiful (a): Nhiều, dồi dào Well – paying (a): Trả lương cao Well – paying job: Công việc trả lương cao Ex: They believe that well – paying jobs are plentiful in the city Struggle / 'strʌgl / (n): Cuộc đấu tranh Struggle (v): Đấu tranh Nature (n): thiên nhiên Natural (a): thuộc thiên nhiên Ex: At home on the farm, life is always a struggle with nature Typhoon / tai'fu:n / (n): Cơn bão Flood / flʌd / (n): Lũ lụt Drought / draut / (n): hạn hán 10 To destroy / di'strɔi /: Tàn phá Destruction (n): Sự tàn phá 11 Harvest / 'hɑ:vist / (n): Mùa thu hoạch Ex: Typhoons, floods or droughts can easily destroy a harvest 12 Overcrowding (a): tình trạng dân cư đông đúc Ex: The increase population has led to overcrowding in many cities 13 Strain / strein /( n) = pressure / 'pre∫ə(r) / Sự căng thẳng Ex: This puts a strain on schools and hospital 14 Supply (v): Cung cấp Supply (n): Sự cung cấp Ex: This put s a strain on schools and hospitals, as well as water and electricity supplies 15 Tragedy / 'trædʒədi / (n): bi kịch, thảm kịch Ex: There is also a human side to this tragedy 16 To provide: Cung cấp 17 Migrant / 'maigrənt/ (n): Dân di cư 18 Government / 'gʌvnmənt/ (n): Chính quyền, chính phủ Ex: Governments all over the world are trying to provide facilities for these migrants (20) Part 4: Write Heading (n): tiêu đề bao gồm ghi địa người gửi và ngày tháng Opening (n): mở đề Body of letter: phần lá thư Closing (n): phần kết thúc Part 5: Language focus I Present Progressive Tense: (Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn) - Khi có các trạng từ: now / at the moment / at present / Look! / Listen! ……… - Công thức: (+) S + am / is / are + V- ing (-) S + am / is / are (not) + V – ing (?) Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing ? Ex: She is doing her homework My father isn’t working today Are they studying Physics now? II Comparative And Superlative Adjectives: (So Sánh Tính Từ Hơn và Nhất) Comparatives: (So Sánh Hơn) a) Đối với tính từ ngắn: (short adjectives) S1 + V + Adj + er + than + S2 Ex: He is younger than his friend * Notes: big bigger the biggest fat fatter the fattest happy happier the happest lucky luckier the luckiest Ex: She is happier than her sister b) Đối với tính từ dài: (long adjectives) S1 + V + more +Adj + than + S2 Ex: This house is more beautiful than that one - She is more careful than her brother Superlatives: (So Sánh nhất) a) Đối với tính từ ngắn: (short adjectives) S + V + the + Adj + est + noun … Ex: He is the strongest man in the world - Mr Hai the youngest student in my class b) Đối với tính từ dài: (long adjectives) S + V + the most +Adj + noun Ex: She is the most intelligent girl in her group - This is the most beautiful garden in the city * Notes: Các tính từ sau: good better the best bad worse the worst many more the most much more the most little less the least Ex: This computer is better than that one - That is the best computer in the shop Exercises: Cho hình thức đúng tính từ ngoặc: Nam is (young) _ student in his class These toys are (expensive) _ in the toystore Nile River is (long) river in the world (21) This book is (interesting) of three books Ho Chi Minh City is (big) city in Viet Nam Orange juice is (good) coffee Hanh is (clever) student in the class Cars are (expensive) motorbikes Mai is (beautiful) girl of the three sisters 10 The blue dress is (cheap) the red one 11 Watching TV is (interesting) reading books 12 This apartment is (suitable) for your family 13 Mount Everest is (high) _ mountain in the world 14 London is (old) than New York 15 Of the three cities, Ho Chi Minh is (big) _ one 16 Everything in this city is (expensive) _ than I thought 17 Which pen of these you prefer? – The (small) _ one 18 The streets in Hue are (narrow) _ than those in Hanoi, but they are much (clean) _ 19 In our class, Viet (good) student of all 20 Our parents want to find a (beautiful) _ house than the old one 21 Lan is (tall) _ Hoa 22 Armchairs are (comfortable) chairs UNIT9: A FIRST – AID COURSE Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read First – aid / fə:st – eid / (n): Sự sơ cứu, cấp cứu First – aid course (n): Khóa học sơ cứu Ex: People use first aid so as to ease the victim’s pain and anxiety To Bleed / bli:d/: Chảy máu Bleeding (n) Ex: It’s bleeding quite badly To sting: Châm, chích Bee sting (n): Ong chích Ex: A boy has a bee sting Emergency / i'mə:dʒensi / (n): Sự cấp cứu Ex: This is the emergency room in a large hospital Ambulance / 'æmbjuləns / (n): Xe cứu thương to hurt – hurt – hurt (v): Đau, làm bị thương Ex: Please send an ambulance to Quang Trung School A student is hurt To calm down: Bình tĩnh Ex: Calm down Can you tell me what happened? To hit – hit – hit: Đập, đánh To fall off – fell off – fallen off: Té ngã Ex: She fell off her bike and hit her head on the road 10 Conscious / 'kɔn∫əs / (a): Tỉnh táo Unconscious (a): Hôn mê Ex: Is she conscious? Ex: She was unconscious for days after the accident 11 Towel / 'tauəl / (n): Khăn tắm 12 Handkerchief / 'hæηkət∫if / (n): Khăn tay 13 To cover: Băng bó 14 Wound / wu:nd / (n): Vết thương Ex: Use a towel or a handkerchief to cover the wound 15 Tight (adv): chặt 16 Pressure / 'pre∫ə(r) / (n): Sức ép, áp lực (22) Ex: Then put pressure on it Hold it tight 17 To fall asleep: Ngủ say Ex: She mustn’t fall asleep 18 To promise / 'prɔmis /: Hứa Promise (n): Lời hứa 19 To keep s.o awake: Giữ thức giấc Ex: I promise I’ll keep her awake 20 Condition / kən'di∫n / (n): điều kiện conditional (a): thuộc điều kiện Ex: Lan is aking the condition of the injured person 21 To describe / dis'kraib / : mô tả description (n): Sự mô tả Ex: A student of Quang Trung is describing the condition of the injured person Part 2: Speak and Listen bandage / 'bændidʒ / (n): cuộn băng Ex: Could you give me a bandage, please? Medicine / 'medsn; 'medisn / (n): thuốc Ex: Can I get you some medicine? Clinic / 'klinik / (n): phòng khám Ex: Will you take me to the nearest clinic, please? Aspirin / 'æspərin / (n): Thuốc viên aspirin Ex: Will you give me an aspirin, please I have a headache To break the vase: làm vỡ cái bình Ex: I’m sorry I have broken the vase Stretcher (n): Cái cáng Ex: A paramedic is wheeling a patient on stretcher into the emergency room Crutch (n) Cái nạng Ex: The crutches which are for someone with a broken leg Wheelchair (n): Xe lăn Ex: He broke his legs so he has to use a (n) wheelchair to go around Eye chart (n): Bảng đo thị lực mắt Ex: Eye chart is used to check one’s eyesight 10 Scale / skeil / (n): cái cân Part 3: Read Fainting (n): Sự ngất xỉu Patient / 'pei∫nt / (n): Bệnh nhân Ex: A paramedic is wheeling a patient on stretcher into the emergency room To lie: nằm Lying flat (n): Nằm thẳng Ex: Leave the patient lying flat To force / fɔ:s /: Bắt buộc, ép buộc Ex: Don’t force him / her to sit or stand To elevate / 'eliveit /: Nâng lên Ex: Elevate the patient’s feet, or lower his / her head below the level of the heart Victim / 'viktim / (n): Nạn nhân To revive / ri'vaiv /: Sống lại, tỉnh lại Ex: Give the victim a cup of tea when he / she revives Shock / ∫ɔk / (n): Cú sốc, choáng váng To overheat: Làm cho quá nóng 10 Blanket / 'blæηkit / (n): mền Ex: Don’t overheat the victim with blankets or coats 11 Tissue / 'ti∫u:/ (n): Mô, tế bào 12 Damage / 'dæmidʒ / (n): Sự tổn thương (23) Ex: Cool the burns immediately so as to minimize the tissue damage 13 To ease / i:z/: Làm dịu lại Ex: People use first aid so as to ease the victim’s pain and anxiety 14 Sterile (a): Khử trùng, vô trùng 15 To burn – burned – burned: bỏng, phỏng, bị bỏng Burn (n): Vết bỏng Ex: Cover the burned area with a thick sterile dressing Part 4: Write To cheer s.o up: vui vẻ, phấn chấn lên Ex: The flowers really helped to cheer me up To come over: Ghé qua Ex: Will you come over to my place on the weekend? Part 5: Language focus I Simple Future Tense: (Thì Tương lai đơn) - Khi có các trạng từ: tomorrow / next (next week) / tonight / soon / some day / hope ……… - Công thức: (+) S + will + V1 ……… (-) S + will not (won’t) + V …… (?) Will + S + V ……….? Ex: (+) I (attend) will attend an English class tonight (-) They (not go) will not go to London next summer (?) Will he (come) come to visit you tomorrow? II Modal Will to make requests, offers and promises: (Trợ động từ WILL dùng để diễn tả lời yêu cầu, lời đề nghị lời hứa) Ex: Will you help me, please? - I will go to see you whenever I am free I IN ORDER TO / SO AS TO: (Để) In order to / so as to +V1: để Ex: She went to the airport She could meet her father She went to the airport in oder to meet her father * Notes: Trường hợp In order not to / so as not to + V1 Ex: I get up early I am not late for school I get up early so as not to be late for school Exercises: Do as directed I always keep the window open I want to let fresh air in (Use “in order to”) I always _ Mary wrote a note on the board She would like to inform her about (Use “so as to”) Mary wrote _ Mr Green got up early this morning He wanted to get the meeting on (Use “in order to”) Mr Green _ People use first aid course They can ease the victim’s pain and anxiety (Use “in order to”) People use My elder brother studied hard this year He wanted to pass the entrance exam university (so as to) My elder _ You should cool the burns immediately You can minimize tissue damage (Use “in order to”) You We study hard We will pass the exam (Use “so as to”) We study They get up early They want to come to class on time (Use “ in order to”) (24) They _ UNIT10: RECYCLING Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read To recycle / ,ri:'saikl /: Tái chế Recycling (n): Việc tái chế Ex: Recycle means don’t just throw things away Try to find another use for them To reduce / ri'dju:s / : Giảm thiểu, giảm xuống Overpackaged (a): đóng gói quá nhiều Ex: Reduce means not buying products which are overpackaged To reuse / ,ri:'ju:z /: Tái sử dụng, dung lại Ex: People can recycle metal, glass and waste paper to reuse To wrap / ræp/: gói, bọc lại Ex: The flowers are wrapped in red paper are very cheap Garbage / 'gɑ:bidʒ / (n): Rác Ex: We use garbage to make fertilizer Fertilizer / 'fə:tilaizər/: (n): Phân bón Fertilize (v): Bón phân Ex: Garbage can be used to make fertilizer Representative /,repri'zentətiv / (n): Người đại diện Ex: Miss Blake is a representative from Friends of the Earth To protect / prə'tekt /: Bảo vệ Protection (n): Sự bảo vệ 10 Environment / in'vaiərənmənt / (n): Môi trường Environmental (a): Thuộc môi trường Ex: Friends of the Earth shows people how to protect the environment 11 Plastic bag (n): Túi nhựa 10 Cloth bag (n): Túi vải Ex: Instead of reusing plastic bags, we shouldn’t use them at all.We ought to cloth bgas 12 To throw / threw / thrown: Ném Throw away: Ném Ex: Don’t throw away vegetable matter It can be used to make food for animals 13 Compost / 'kɔmpɔst / (n): Phân xanh Ex: Compost is a wonderful natural fertilizer Part 2: Speak and Listen Vegetable / 'vedʒtəbl / (n): rau củ Vegetable matter (n): Rau củ bỏ Ex: Is fruit “vegetable matter”? Metal / 'metl / (n): Kim loại Ex: Metal includes food can, drinking cans and tins Fabric / 'fæbrik / (n): Sợi vải Ex: Please put clothes in fabric Leather / 'leðə / (n): da thuộc Ex: We use leather to make shoes, sandals and school bags Compost / 'kɔmpɔst / (n): Phân xanh Compost heap (n): nơi ủ phân phân xanh Ex: Where is the best place for a compost heap? – A place that gets sun and shade Part 3: Read Tire / 'taiə / (n): Vỏ xe Car tire (n): Vỏ xe To throw – threw – thrown: Ném Ex: In the USA, millions of old car tires are thrown away every year To recycle / ,ri:'saikl /: Tái chế Recycling (n): Việc tái chế Pipe / paip / (n): Ống nước Floor covering (n): Tấm lót sàn Ex: Tires can be recycled to make pipes and floor coverings Milkman (n): Người giao sữa To collect: Thu lại (25) Empty bottle (n): Chai không Ex: The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses and collects the empty ones To refill: Đổ đầy, đông đầy Ex: The empty bottles are then cleaned and refilled 10 Industry (n): Công nghiệp, ngành công nghiệp Industrial (a): Thuộc Công nghiệp 11 To melt: làm tan, làm nóng chảy 12 Glassware (n): Đồ thủy tinh Ex: Glass is broken up, melted and made into new glassware 13 To make a law: tạo luật / lập luật 14 Government (n): Chính quyền, chính phủ Ex: In Oregon, the government made a new law several years ago 15 Deposit (n): Tiền đặt cọc, ký gởi Ex: They said that there must be a deposit on all drink cans 16 Compost / 'kɔmpɔst / (n): Phân xanh 17 Nature (n): thiên nhiên natural (a): thuộc thiên nhiên Ex: Compost is a wonderful natural fertilizer 18 Waste (n): Chất thải Ex: Farmers have recycled their waste 19 Dung / dʌη/ (n): Phân động vật Ex: They grow food for their animals and use the dung for fertilizing their fields Part 4: Write To soak / souk / : nhúm, ngâm Bucket / 'bʌkit/ (n): thùng, xô Ex: First, soak some old newspapers in a bucket of water overnight To mix : trộn Ex: Next, mix the paper and the water together in another bucket To scatter / 'skætə /: rải điều Leave (n): Lá tea leaves (n): lá trà Tray / trei / (n): khai đựng Ex: Next, scatter the tea leaves on the tray Part 5: Language focus PASSIVE VOICE (Thể bị động) Active voice: S + V + O Passive voice: S + be + V3 / Ved + By O TENSES (thì) + Simple Present Tense: am / is / are (not) +V3 / ed + Simple Past Tense: was / were (not) + V3 / ed + Pre Progressive Tense: am / is / are (not) +being +V3/ ed + Present Perfect Tense: have / has (not) + been +V3/ ed Examples: - The boy opens the window è The window is opened by the boy - They don’t use that car very often è That car isn’t used very often - She will buy a new computer è A new computer will be bought SPECIAL VERBS (động từ đặc biệt) can, may, must, will, could might, would, should, ought to + Be + V3 / V ed Examples: - You must the work carefully (26) need to, used to, have (has) to am / is / are going to è The work must be done carefully - They are going to build a new market in this area è A new market is going to be built in this area Exercises: Change into the passive voice People speak English all over the world English…………………………………………………………………………………………… The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses Bottles ………………………………………………………………………………………… They speak French in Canada French ………………………………………………………………………………………… People throw away car tires every year Car tires ……………………………………………………………………………………… They break the glass into small pieces The glass …………………………………………………………………………………… They make these toys in China These toys ……………………………………………………………………………… They make this car in Japan This car ……………………………………………………………………………………… Someone cleans the room everyday The room …………………………………………………………………………………… People play football all over the world Football ……………………………………………………………………………………… 10 People throw away millions of old car tires every year Millions of ………………………………………………………………………… 11 Many people speak English in this country English ………………………………………………………………………………………… 12 I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon Your bicycle……………………………………………………………………………… 13 People speak French in Canada French…………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 You can make payment at any post office Payment ……………………………………………………………………………………… 15 They will build a new supermarket in this area A new supermarket ……………………………………………………………… 16 You have to that work with great care That work ………………………………………………………………………………… 17 People speak English all over the world English…………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses Bottles ………………………………………………………………………………………… 19 They speak French in Canada French ………………………………………………………………………………………… 20 People throw away car tires every year Car tires ……………………………………………………………………………………… 21 They break the glass into small pieces The glass …………………………………………………………………………………… 22 They make these toys in China These toys ……………………………………………………………………………… 23 They make this car in Japan This car ……………………………………………………………………………………… UNIT11: TRAVELING AROUND VIET NAM Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read Airport / 'eəpɔ:t/ (n): Phi trường, sân bay Ex: Hoa meets Tim at the airport Would you mind + V – ing …………………? : Bạn có phiền …………… Ex: Would you mind sitting in the front seat of the taxi? Buffalo / 'bʌfəlou / (n): Con trâu water buffalo (n): Trâu nước Ex: I can see a boy riding a water buffalo Rice paddy (n): Cánh đồng lúa Ex: Are those rice paddies? Crop / krɔp / (n): Vụ mùa Ex: The farmers in this village had a good crop of rice last year Corn / kɔ:n / (n): Bắp Ex: The crop over there is corn Sugar cane (n): Cây mía Ex: On the left, you can see sugar canes Photo (n): Tấm ảnh take a photo: Chụp ảnh Ex: Will you take me a photo? Luggage / 'lʌgidʒ / (n): Hành lý (27) Ex: Hoa helps Mrs Jones with her luggage 10 To ask s.o to sth: Yêu cầu đó làm gì Ex: I’ll ask the driver to stop the car 11 Farmland / 'fa:mlænd/ (n): đất trồng trọt Ex: The car is traveling past farmland 12 To grow – grew – grown: trồng Ex: Only rice and corn are grown around in Hanoi Part 2: Speak and Listen Do / Would you mind + V- ing…………? Ex: - Do you mind (close) closing the door? - Would you mind (open) opening the window? Do you mind if + S + V1 ………………………………? Ex: Do you mind if I (take) take a photo? Do you mind if + S + V2 / Ved ……………………? Ex: Would you mind if I (ask) asked you a question? Part 3: Read Sight / sait / (n): Cảnh đẹp, thắng cảnh Institute / 'institju:t / (n): Học Viện Oceanic institute (n): Viện Hải Dương học Giant / dʒaiənt/ (a): To lớn, khổng lồ Offshore (a): Ngoài khơi Island / 'ailənd / (n): Hòn đảo Accommodation / ə'kɔmədeiʃn/ (n): Chỗ Ex: It is difficult to find accommodations at busy time in Da Lat Waterfall / 'wɔ:təfɔ:l / (n): Thác nước Tribal / 'traibl / (a): Thuộc làng Tribe (n): Bản làng Slope (n): Dốc, đường dốc Mountain slope (n): Dốc núi, sườn núi 10 Stream / stri:m/ (n): Dòng suối, khe suối 11 Bay /bei/ (n): Vịnh Ha Long Bay: Vịnh Hạ Long 12 To recognize / 'rekəgnaiz /: Công nhận, nhận Ex: Ha Long Bay was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site 13 Heritage / 'heritidʒ / (n): Di sản Ex: Ancient capital Hue is the world heritage 14 Cave /keiv/ (n): Hang động 15 Magnificent / mæg'nifisnt / (a): Lộng lẫy, nguy nga 16 Limestone / 'laimstoun / (n): Đá vôi Part 4: Write To paddle / 'pædl/: Chèo (xuồng) Paddles (n): mái chèo Canoe / kə'nu: / (n):Ca nô Ex: They decided to paddle around Xuan Huong Lake in a canoe To hire / 'haiə /: Thuê, mướn hiring (n): việc thuê mướn Ex: After hiring the conoe, the family climbed in and paddled out to the middles of the lake To recuse / re'kjuz /: cứu Ex: A boat appeared and recused them To lean over: nhoài người Ex: She leaned over and tried to pick it up To overturn: Lật úp Ex: The conoe overturned and everyone fell into the deep and dangerous water Part 5: Language focus I THE PARTICIPLES: (Phân Từ) (28) Present Participles: (Hiện phân từ) - Công thức: V + ing - Cách dùng: Hiện phân từ dùng sau To be dể làm thể tiếp diễn Ex: The girls are Nga and Hoa They are playing chess The girls playing chess are Nga and Hoa The boy is Ba He is reading book The boy ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… The man is Mr Quang He is walking up the stairs The man ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… The woman is Miss Lien She is carrying the handbag The woman ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… The boy is Nam He is talking to Miss Hoa The boy ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Past Participles: (Quá khứ phân từ) - Công thức: V + V3 / Ved - Cách dùng: Quá khứ phân từ dùng sau To be để làm thể bị động Ex: The old lamp is five dollars It was made in China The old lamp made in China is five dollars The box is one dollar It is painted green The box ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… The truck is two dollars It was made by recycled plastic matter The truck …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… The doll is two dollars It is dressed in pink The doll ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… The flowers are one dollar It was wrapped in yellow paper The flowers …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… II REQUESTS WITH: Would you mind if …………? / Would / Do you mind + V – ing……? Would you mind if S + V2 / Ved……… ? Ex: Would you mind if I used your mobile phone? Would / Do you mind + V – ing ……… ? Ex: Would you mind explaining this word? Do you mind helping me? Would you mind not talking in the class? Exercises 4: Rewrite these sentences: Can I open the windows? Please get me this book Could you explain this sentence to me? May I turn on the TV? Please turn the music down Shall I carry your luggage? Could I borrow your newspaper? Can I close the doors? Could you repeat this sentence to me? 10 Please give me a hand 11 May I turn on the TV? 12 Can you take me a photo? 13 Can you wait a moment, please? 14 Can I use your handphone? Do you mind if I ……………………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind …………………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind …………………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind if ……………………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind if ………………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind if ……………………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind if I ……………………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind …………………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind …………………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind if ……………………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind …………………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind …………………………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind if ……………………………………………………………………………………… (29) 15 Will you post the letters for me? 16 Could I turn the air conditioner off? 17 May I ask you a question? 18 Could you smoke here? 19 Could you lend me some money? 20 Do you mind driving me home? Would you mind …………………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind if ……………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind if ……………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind if ……………………………………………………………………………………… Would you mind …………………………………………………………………………………… Do you mind if UNIT12: A VACATION ABROAD Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read be abroad /ə'brɔ:d / (adv): nước ngoài Ex: My vacation is abroad to surprise /sə'praiz/: làm kinh ngạc surprise (n): ngạc nhiên Ex: This is a nice surprise to come over: ghé thăm Ex: You must come over for dinner one night accommodation / ə,kɔmə'dei∫n / (n): chỗ to include / /in'klu:d/: bao gồm, gồm có Ex: Our accommodation is included in the ticket price to pick so up: đón, rước Ex: I’ll come and pick you up at seven o’clock fortunate /'fɔ:tʃnit/ (a): may mắn = lucky (a): may mắn # unfortunate (a): không may mắn fortunately (adv): cách may mắn = luckily (adv): may mắn thay # unfortunately (adv): thật không may mắn = unluckily (adv) Ex: - Fortunately, she wasn’t injured in the accident - Unluckily, Peter failed in the final exam - Let’s play the lucky number games - Luckily, my sister passes the exam - Unfortunately, he lost the games Part 2: Speak and Listen gym / dʒim / (n): phòng tập thể dục Ex: The Revere Hotel is expensive but it has a gym To fly – flew – flown: máy bay flight (n): Chuyến bay Ex: There is a daily flight at 10 a.m humid /´hju:mid/ (adj): ẩm ướt = wet (adj): Ex: - The weather is humid - London is going to have a humid day Part 3: Read Postcard / 'poustkɑ:d / (n): Bưu thiếp, danh thiếp Ex: Mrs Quyen sent postcards to her children volcano /vɔl'keinou/ (n): núi lửa Ex: We took a small plane to Kilauea volcano this afternoon lava /'lɑ:və/ (n): dung nham to pour out /pɔ:/: phun trào overhead /¸ouvə´hed/ (adv): phía trên, trên cao Ex: The lava was pouring out when we flew overhead (30) Wharf / wɔ:f / (n): Cầu tàu Ex: Today we went on an eight – hour tour which included Fiherman’s Wharf Prison / 'prizn / (n): Nhà tù Ex: Mrs Quyen went to the famous prison on the island of Alcatraz in the middle of San Francisco Bay President / 'prezidənt / (n): Tổng thống to carve /kɑ:v/: chạm, khắc 10 rock / rɔk / (n): đá Ex: The head of four American presidents are carved into the rock 11 to see / saw / seen: thấy, nhìn thấy Ex: Mount Rushmore can be seen from more than 100 kilometers away 12 to situate /'sitjueit/: đặt vị trí 13 shore /ʃɔ:/ (n): bờ biển, bờ hồ Ex: Chicago is situated right on the shore of the Lake Michigan 14 to call – called – called: gọi là Ex: Chicago is often called “The Windy City” Part 4: Write To complain / kəm'plein / + about: phàn nàn về… Heavy / 'hevi / (a): nặng heaviness (n): nặng nề Ex: Thanh is always complaining about the heaviness of my suitcase Part 5: Language focus I Past Progressive Tense: (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn) - Khi có các trạng từ: at o’clock last night, When I came…… , While (trong khi) - Công thức: (+) S + was / were + V – ing… (-) S + was / were (not)+ V – ing… (?)Was / Were + S + V – ing ? Ex: (+) I (do) was doing my homework at o’clock last night (-) My father (not work) wasn’t working at o’clock yesterday (?) Were you (watch) watching TV at o’clock last night? Exercises: Supply the correct tense of Past Progressive Tense While I (sleep) , I heard a strange noise Hoa (eat) _ dinner when the telephone (ring) Ba (have) _ a shower at o’clock last night _ Lan (eat) _ dinner at o’clock last night? Bao (not study) English at o’clock yesterday _ Nga (write ) a letter at o’clock last night? Na (take) _ her dog for a dog at o’clock yesterday Lan (not talk) _ to her mother at 10 o’clock last night While Hoa (eat) breakfast the telephone (ring) 10 When Nam (win) _ the race, the crowd (cheer) _ 11 Mrs Thoa (cook) _ when Tuan (arrive) _ home 12 When Lan (arrive) _ at school, the school drum (sound) _ 13 It (rain) when the plane (get) _ to Ho Chi Minh City 14 When we (come) _, they (make) the cakes 15 She (sleep) when I (come) _ II Progressive Tense with “Always”: (Tiếp diễn với “Always”) - Thì tiếp diễn có thể dùng với “Always” để diễn tả hành động luôn luôn xảy với hành động khác quá khứ thời điểm nào đó Ex: He was always studying hard last year - Thì tiếp diễn dùng cho hành động mang tính liên tục (31) Ex: She is always watching TV Bao (always forget) his homework Mrs Nga (always lose) umbrella last year Mr and Mrs Thanh (always miss) the bus Nam (always watch) _ TV Na (always talk) _ on the phone yesterday UNIT13: FESTIVALS Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read festival /'festivəl/ (n): lễ hội, lễ Ex: Christmas is an important festival in many countries To sunbathe / 'sʌn'beið /: tắm nắng Ex: Tom likes swimming and sunbathing keen /ki:n/ (adj): say mê, nhiệt tình pottery /´pɔtəri/ (n): đồ gốm Ex: Oliver is keen on pottery to invite /in'vait /: mời invitation (n): lời mời Ex: Thanks for inviting me to the rice – cooking festival to fetch /fetʃ/: lấy, mang water – fetching: lấy nước to cook /kʊk/: nấu ăn rice – cooking: nấu ăn Ex: It is a contest in which participants have to cook rice It’s a rice – cooking contest to make /meik/: nhóm fire – making: nhóm lửa Ex: It is a contest in which participants have to make a fire It’s a fire – making contest to compete /kəm'pi:t/: thi đấu competition (n): thi đấu competitor (n): người thi đấu Ex: There are three competitions: water – fetching, fire – making and rice – cooking 10 upset (adj): lo lắng 11 to yell /jel/: gào thét, la hét Ex: That man seems upset What did he just yell? 12 bamboo /bæm'bu:/ (n): tre, cây tre Ex: Pieces of bamboo are used to make the fire 13 to make / made / made: Ex: The fire is made without matches or lighters 14 to rub /rʌb/: cọ xát, chà xát Ex: They make a fire by rubbing pieces of bamboo together 15 to separate /'seprit/ from: chia, tách 16 husk /hʌsk/ (n): vỏ trấu Ex: They have to separate the rice from the husk 17 to participate /pɑ:'tisipeit/ = to take part in: tham gia, tham dự participant (n): người tham dự Ex: They participate in most youth activities of my school 18 teammate /´ti:m¸meit/ (n): đồng đội 19 to urge : thúc giục, hối thúc Ex: He urges all his teammates to participate in the competition 20 judge /dʒʌdʒ/ (n): giám khảo Ex: The judge try the finished products (32) 21 to award /ə´wɔ:d/: trao thưởng award (n): phần thưởng 22 council /kaunsl/ (n): hội đồng 23 prize /praiz/ (n): giải thưởng Ex: The council leader just said that he was pleased to award the prize to Thon Trieu team Part 2: Speak – Listen To tidy / taidi / the bedroom: dọn phòng ngủ Ex: Have you tided the bedroom? Pomegranate / 'pɔmigrænit / (n): Trái lựu Ex: I have to buy some oranges and some pomegranates Marigold / 'mærigould / (n): cúc vạn thọ Ex: Mrs Robinson wants some marigolds because they are traditional at Tet Part 3: Read Christmas / 'krisməs / (n): Giáng Sinh Christmas tree (n): Christmas Eve (n): Christmas Card (n): Christmas Carol (n): Santa Claus (n): festival /'festivəl/ (n): lễ hội Ex: Christmas is an important festival in many countries to decorate /´dekə¸reit/: trang trí, trang hoàng decoration (n): trang trí, trang hoàng Ex: Some people decorated a tree in the early 1500s custom /'kʌstəm/ (n): phong tục, tục lệ to spread – spread – spread: lan truyền, lan Ex: This custom spread throughout Europe, and finally to America in the 1800s To design / di'zain / : Thiết kế Ex: He had someone design a card to perform /pə'fɔ:m/: trình diễn, biểu diễn performance (n): buổi trình diễn Ex: - Christmas songs were performed for people in town and villages - Christmas songs were first performed eight hundred years ago Leader / 'li:də / (n): Người đứng đầu Leaders of the Church: Người đứng đầu nhà thờ Patron saint / 'peitrən seint / (n): Thần hộ mệnh 10 To appear / ə'piə / : Xuất 11 poem / 'pouim / (n): bài thơ Ex: The Patron Saint of children, Saint Nicholas appeared in a poem 12 jolly /´dʒɔli/ (adj): vui vẻ, vui nhộn Ex: Santa Claus was a fat jolly man 13 suit /sju:t/ (n): quần áo, com lê (đàn ông) Ex: Santa- Claus is a jolly man who wore a red suit 14 to send / sent / sent: Ex: - I often send Christmas cards to my friends - Million of Christmas cards are sent every year 15 to describe /dis'kraib/: diễn tả, mô tả description (n): mô tả, diễn tả Ex: Santa Clause is based on the description of Saint Nicholas in this poem 16 to write / wrote / written: viết Ex: The poem, which was written by Clement Clarke Moore became popular in the USA (33) 17 to compete /kəm'pi:t/: thi đấu competition (n): thi đấu competitor (n): người thi đấu Ex: There are three competitions: water – fetching, fire – making and rice – cooking 18 to participate /pɑ:'tisipeit/ = to take part in: tham gia, tham dự participant (n): người tham dự Ex: They participate in most youth activities of my school Part 4: Write communal /'kɔmjunl/ (a): thuộc xã To hold – held – held: Tổ chức Ex: The rice – cooking festival was held in the communal house yard Part 5: Language focus PASSIVE VOICE (Thể bị động) Active voice: S + V + O Passive voice: S + be + V3 / Ved + By O TENSES (thì) + Simple Present Tense: am / is / are (not) +V3 / ed + Simple Past Tense: was / were (not) + V3 / ed + Pre Progressive Tense: am / is / are (not) +being +V3/ ed + Present Perfect Tense: have / has (not) + been +V3/ ed Examples: - The boy opens the window è The window is opened by the boy - They don’t use that car very often è That car isn’t used very often - She will buy a new computer è A new computer will be bought - He decorated the Christmas tree last night èThe Christmas tree was decorated last night - She wrote many Christmas cards t send her friends è Many Christmas cards were written to send her friends - She has done her homework è Her homework has been done SPECIAL VERBS (động từ đặc biệt) can, may, must, will, could might, would, should, ought to + Be + V3 / V ed need to, used to, have (has) to am / is / are going to Exercises 1: Change into the passive voice: Examples: - You must the work carefully è The work must be done carefully - They are going to build a new market in this area è A new market is going to be built in this area People speak English all over the world English…………………………………………………………………………………………… The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses Bottles ………………………………………………………………………………………… They speak French in Canada French ………………………………………………………………………………………… People throw away car tires every year Car tires ……………………………………………………………………………………… They break the glass into small pieces The glass …………………………………………………………………………………… They make this car in Japan This car ……………………………………………………………………………………… They make these toys in China These toys ……………………………………………………………………………… Someone cleans the room everyday The room …………………………………………………………………………………… 10 People play football all over the world Football ……………………………………………………………………………………… 11 People throw away millions of old car tires every year Millions of ………………………………………………………………………… 12 Many people speak English in this country English ………………………………………………………………………………………… (34) 13 People speak French in Canada French…………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses Bottles ………………………………………………………………………………………… 15 She cleans her room everyday Her room ……………………………………………………………………………………… 16 Sue waters the roses everyday The roses ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17 People make these toys in Vietnam These toys ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 People speak English in this country English ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19 Someone cleans the room everyday The room ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20 People play football all over the world Football ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21 People throw away millions of old car tires every year Millions of ………………………………………………………………………… 22 I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon Your bicycle……………………………………………………………………………… 23 You can make payment at any post office Payment ……………………………………………………………………………………… 24 They will build a new supermarket in this area A new supermarket ……………………………………………………………… 25 You have to that work with great care That work ………………………………………………………………………………… 26 We need to modernize our production line Our production ……………………………………………………………………… 27 He is making some toys for children Some toys ………………………………………………………………………………… 28 They are repairing the road in front of my house The road in front of my house ………………………………………… 29 We must pay the bill at once The bill ……………………………………………………………………………………… 30 They can make tea with cold water Tea ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 31 We should use cloth bags instead of plastic bags Cloth bags ………………………………………………………………………………… COMPOUND NOUN (Danh từ kép) Noun + Gerund Compound Noun Ex: Rice + cooking Fire + making Clothes + washing Car + making Rice – cooking Fire – making clothes – washing car – making Exercises: Use a compound noun It is a contest in which participants have to cook rice It’s a rice – cooking contest It is a festival in which people have their bulls fight against each other ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… It is a contest in which participants have to make a fire ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… The United States has a big industry that makes cars ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Last week Tran Hung Dao School held a contest in which students arranged flowers as attractively as they could ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Viet nam is a country which exports a lot of rice ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… This is a machine which is used to wash clothes ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… REPORTED SPEECH (CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT) I STATEMENTS: (CÂU PHÁT BIỂU) Khi tường thuật lại lời nói người nào đó đã nói (said) đã bảo (told) – (có nghĩa là: câu nói đó phải dùng thì quá hkứ) – Như ta pảhi chú ý đến nguyên tắc sau: Ta phải đổi các thì và các trạng từ: V(s/es) / don’t, doesn’t + V1 è V2 /ed / didn’t + V1 Can / will / may / must +V1 è Could / would / might / had to + V1 (35) Am / Is / Are Simple past (V2 / Ved) Has / have + V3 / Ved This / these / here / now Tonight / Today Tomorrow / Next week è Was / Were è Had + V3 / Ved è Had + V3 / Ved è That / Those / There / Then è That night / That day è The day after, the following day / The week after, The following week è The day before Yesterday Cách dùng: a Chủ từ I, We dấu ngoặc kép è ta phải đổi theo chủ từ đầu câu Ex 1: He said, “I paint the doors” è He said he painted the doors Ex 2: They said, “We will go to Da lat” è They said they would go to Dalat b Chủ từ You dấu ngoặc è ta phải đổi theo túc từ mệnh đề chính Ex 1: I said to him, “You can take this book” è I told him he could take that book Ex 2: She said, “I saw him yesterday” è She said she had seen him the day before Exercises: Change into Reported Speech “I’m a plumber” said he He said “We are waiting for the school bus “ said the children The children said “I’m a student” said Tom Tom said “ I’m living in London now” Charles said Charles said “I’m a student” said she She said “You are my best friends” Jane said to us Jane ……………………………………………………………………………………………… “We are decorating our Christmas tree” Hoa said ……………………………………………………………………………………… “We are waiting for the school bus” The children said …………………………………………………………………………………… “I’m a plumber” said Peter Peter said …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 “I can fix the faucets” said Mr Brown Mr Brown said ………………………………………………………………………… 11 “The pipes are broken” said he He said ……………………………………………………………………………………… 12 “New pipes are very expensive” said he He said ……………………………………………………………………………………… UNIT14: WONDERS OF THE WORLD (36) Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read landmark / 'lændmɑ:k / (n): địa điểm wonder /'wʌndə/ (n): kỳ quan Ex: The Pyramid of Cheops is one of the seven wonders of the world canyon /´kænjən/ (n): hẻm núi, khe núi to guess: đoán, đoán guessing game (n): tro choi đoán clue /klu:/ (n): đầu mối, manh mối to present / pri'zent/: diện presentation (n): diện Ex: The Statue of Liberty was presented to the United State of America by French in 1876 to complete /kəm'pli:t/: hoàn thành, làm xong Ex: Sydney Opera House in Australia was completed in 1973 to design /di'zain/: thiết kế designer (n): nhà thiết kế Ex: The Eiffel Tower was designed by a French engineer reef /ri:f/ (n): đá ngầm 10 jungle /dʒʌηgl/ (n): rừng nhiệt đới 11 coral /´kɔrəl/ (n): san hô coral sea (n): Biển San hô 12 crystal – clear /krist - /klɪər/ (a): hòan toàn suốt Ex: Take guided tours through the jungle, swim in the crystal – clear water of the Coral Sea Part 2: Speak - Listen cave (n): Động, hang động Ex: Is Phong Nha Cave is Southern Vietnam? Twin Towers (n): Tháp đôi Ex: Is Petronas Twin Towers the tallest building in the world? Great Barrier Reef (n): Vỉa san hô lớn Ex: Is the Great Barrier Reef a World Heritage Site? Part 3: Read to compile /kəm´pail/: biên sọan, soạn thảo Ex: Antipater of Sidon compiled a list of what he thought were the seven wonders of the world Pyramid /'pirəmid/ (n): Kim Tự Tháp Ex: The Pyramid of Cheops is one of the seven wonders of the world to claim /kleim/: khẳng định, tuyên bố Ex: Many people claimed that there were other wonders religion /rɪˈlɪdʒən/ (n): tôn giáo religious (adj): thuộc tôn giáo Ex: Angkor Wat has been a Buddhist religious center for over the next three centuries to surround /sə'raƱnd/: vây quanh, bao quanh Royal /rɔɪəl/ (adj): thuộc Hoàng Gia Ex: The area surrounding the temple, Angkor Thom, used to be the royal capital city to rule /ru:l/: thống trị, cai trị ruler (n): người cai trị Ex: The Khmer rulers moved to Phnom Penh Part 4: Write Original / ə'ridʒənl / (a): nguồn gốc, gốc Inhabitant / in'hæbitənt / (n): dân cư Ex: He also talked about the original inhabitants who lived there during the Stone Age Part 5: Language focus (37) REPORTED SPEECH (CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT) I YES / NO QUESTIONS: (CÂU HỎI YES / NO) - Khi đổi từ câu nói trực tiếp sang câu tường thuật dạng câu hỏi dạng Yes / No ta làm sau: + Đổi said to asked + Thêm If Whether vào trước động từ có dấu ngoặc kép * Notes: a) Đại từ nhân xưng ngôi thứ 1: I, we, me, us và tính từ sỡ hữu my, our câu nói ta phải đổi theo chủ từ làm chủ câu nói b) Đại từ nhân xưng You và tính từ sở hữu Your câu nói ta phải đổi theo túc từ mệnh đề chính Ex 1: She said to him, “Do you like music?” She asked him if he liked music Ex 2: “Can you speak English?”, I said to her I asked her if she could speak English Exercises: Change into Reported Speech “Do you know My Son?” Nhi said to Nga Nhi asked Nga ………………………………………………………………………… “Is it far from Hanoi?” Nhi said to Mai Nhi asked Mai ………………………………………………………………………… “Is my Son in Quang Nam province?” Hoa said to Nga Hoa …………………………………………………………………………………………… “Do many people live at My Son?” Lan said to Minh Lan …………………………………………………………………………………………… “Do you want to visit DaLat?” Hoa said to Lan Hoa ………………………………………………………………………………………………… “Do many tourists visit NhaTrang?” Lan said to Mai Lan ………………………………………………………………………………………… “Are you good at Math?” Mai asked me Mai ……………………………………………………………………………………………… “Can you swim?” I asked my friend ………………………………………………………………… TO INFINITIVE (to V): Động từ nguyên mẫu có To begin (bắt đầu), agree (đồng ý), ask (hỏi), continue (tiếp tục), decide (quyết định), would like (muốn, thích), hope (hy vọng), promise (hứa), want (muốn), try (cố gắng), enough (đủ), need (cần), get so (nhờ làm)……… - Sau các tính từ: Happy (vui), different (khác), easy (dễ), difficult (khó), dangerous (nguy hiểm),… Ex: He wants (arrive) to arrive home before p.m + TO UNIT15: COMPUTERS Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read printer /'printə/ (n): máy in to print: in ấn Ex: The printer isn’t working document /'dɒkjʊmənt/ (n): tài liệu, văn kiện to connect /kə'nekt/: kết nối connection (n): kết nối proper /'prɔpə/ (a): đúng, thích hợp properly (adv): V (38) Ex: Have you connected the computer properly? plug /plʌg/ (n): phít cắm socket /'sɔkit/ (n): ổ cắm to come out of : bên ngoài Ex: Has the plug come out of the socket? manual /'mænjuəl/ (n): sách hướng dẫn Ex: This manual isn’t very helpful guarantee /,gærən'ti:/ (v - n): bảo hành – bảo hành Ex: The printer is under guarantee 10 to store /stɔ:/: lưu trữ Ex: All the information normally found in a library is now stored in the university’s computers Part 2: Speak - Listen - To agree / ə'gri: / đồng ý # disagree / ,disə'gri: /: bất đồng Ex: I disagree I think it’s quite easy Part 3: Read to access /'ækses/: lấy, nhập tin access (n): lối vào, quyền tiếp cận Ex: Each student must have access to a computer to require /ri'kwaiə(r)/: đòi hỏi requirement (n): đòi hỏi freshmen /'freʃmən/ (n): sinh viên năm thứ Ex: Freshmen in many universities are required to have access to a computer bulletin /'bulitin/ (n): thông báo bulletin board (n): Bảng thông báo Ex: Computers bulletin boards are used in the same way as traditional ones in schools campus /´kæmpəs/ (n): khu học xa, khuôn viên trường đai học Jack /ʤæk/ (n): dắt cắm Ex: College campuses now have computer jacks in every part of the university to restrict /ris´trikt/: hạn chế Ex: Study is no longer restricted to just one location technology /tek'nɔlədʤi/ (n): công nghệ, ngành kỹ thuật Part 4: Write paper input tray (n): khai đựng giấy monitor screen (n): màn hình TV icon (n): biểu tượng output path (n): khe power botton (n): Nút nguồn Part 5: Language focus I Present perfect Tense with Yet and ALREADY: (Thì hoàn thành với YET và ALREADY) - Công thức: S + Has / have + V3 / Ved… - Trạng từ nhận biết: Yet (dùng câu phủ định và nghi vấn có nghĩa chưa), Already (rồi) a Thể khẳng định: (Affirmatives): S + has / have + V3 / Ved… - He / She / It + has + V3 / Ved ……… - I / You / We / They + have + V3 / Ved………… Ex: He (already finish) has already finished his homework b Thể phủ định: (Negatives): S + has / have (not) + V3 / Ved… - He / She / It + hasnot (hasn’t)+ V3 / Ved ……… - I / You / We / They + havenot (haven’t) + V3 / Ved………… (39) Ex: I (not eat) haven’t eaten dinner yet c Thể nghi vấn: (Interrogatives): Has / Have + S + V3 / Ved……? - Has + he / she / it + V3 / Ved ……… ? - Have + I / you / we / they + V3 / Ved…………? Ex: Have you (study) studied your lessons yet? II Comparison of Present Perfect and Simple Past tense: (So sánh thì Hiện Hòan thành và thì quá khứ đơn) Present perfect tense: (Thì hòan thành) Thì Hiện hòan thành dùng để diễn tả hành động đã xảy mà không nói rõ thời gain, kéo dài từ quá khứ Thường với các trạng từ: since, for, already, just (mới vừa), recently (gần đây), ever (từng), never (chưa bao giờ), not ………… Yet Ex: I (study) have studied for three years - Has he ever (visit) visited London? Simple Past Tense: (Thì quá khứ đơn) Thì quá khứ dùng để diễn tả hành động đã xảy thời gain xác định quá khứ Nó thường dùng với các trạng từ: Yesterday, last (week, month, year), ago (two years ago) Ex: My father (begin) began to work for that company ten years ago - Where did you (go) go last night? Exercises: Supply the correct tenses of Simple Past and Present perfect tense Mss Huong (begin) _ to work here five months ago The children (start) learning English in January We last (use) this car nearly two years ago The last time I (see) _ her brother was in 2009 It (be) _many years since he last (wear) a striped T- shirt When _ you (begin) _ to collect stamps? She (not write) to her mother for three years When Mr Long (buy) that house? They (not go) out together since 2009 10 We (not meet) our grandparents for a long time 11 She (work) _ as a secretary since 2005 12 I (never sing) _ this song before 13 Nothing interesting (happen) to me for weeks 14 How long is it since you last (talk) _ to her? 15 It (be) three years since I (see) him 16 I (live) here when I (be) young 17 I last (read) _ War and Peace in 2002 18 _ Lan (start) _ studying English two years ago? 19 It (be) _ three months since she (start) learning English 20 When the last time you (see) Mary? UNIT16: INVENTIONS Part 1: Getting Started and Listen - Read Egypt (n): Nước Ai Cập Egyptian (n): Người Ai cập Papyrus / pə'paiərəs / (n): Cây cói giấy Ex: Five thousand years ago, the Egyptians wrote on a plant called papyrus (40) Wood pulp (n): Bột giấy Ex: A Chinese official made paper from wood pulp in the year 105 Arab (n): Người Ả Rập Ex: In 768, Arabs learned about papermaking from Chinese prisoners Pen pal (n): Bạn tâm thư Ex: Hoa’s Ameriacn pen pal Cacao bean (n): hạt ca cao Ex: This is where the cacao beans are stored To manufacture / mænju'fækt∫ə /: chế tạo, sản xuất manufacturing (a): Process / 'prouses / (n): tiến trình, quá trình Ex: I’ll show you the first step in the manufacturing process Shell / ∫el / (n): Vỏ To remove: tách Ex: The shells are removed 10 To Crush / krʌ∫ / : nghiền nát 11 To liquify / 'likwid / : hóa lỏng Ex: The beans are crushed and liquified 12 To grind – ground – ground: nghiền 13 mold (n): khuôn đúc 14 Conveyor belt (n): băng tải Part 2: Speak - Listen Fascimile (n): Máy Fax Reinforced concrete (n): bê tong cốt thép Helicopter (n): Máy bay trực thăng loudspeaker (n): loa phóng vat (n): cái thùng lớn Fiber (n): sợi Part 3: Read Microwave / 'maikrəweiv / (n): lò vi ba toaster / toustə / (n): máy nướng bánh mì To ping / piη /: kêu lanh canh vacuum / 'vækjuəm / (n): máy hút bụi diswaher (n): máy rửa chén To boom : kêu ầm ầm appliance (n): dụng cụ, thiết bị hairdryer (n): máy sấy tóc Part 4: Write log / lɔg / (n): khúc gỗ To flatten / 'flætn/ : phẳng Part 5: Language Focus SEQUENCE MARKERS (Từ nối tiếp) (41) Những từ nối tiếp dùng để kết nối hành động như: First (trước hết), second (thứ hai), then (kế đó), next (kế tiếp), after this (sau việc này), Finally (sau cùng) Ex: Can you show me the way to the post office? - On this way First right, second left (42)