Unit 4 special education Language focus

=> Our new timetable has changed, which means (that) we have go to school 15 minutes earlier. +/ Ann is late for the meeting because she forgot setting the alarm[r]

She has lots of spots on her face

They are called “sports”

spot

football basketball

sport

Minimal Pair

caught cot

cod cord

forks fox

pot

(sound 1) /ɔ/ (sound 2) /ɔ:/

Minimal Pairs I Pronunciation

port

I Pronunciation /ɔ/ /ɔ:/ top boss doctor wrong Job box popular door horse call four walking more talk • Listen and repeat

II Grammar and Vocabulary

We call them the blind

They are deaf and dumb or mute people

We call them the deaf and the dumb/ mute

They are rich people

We call them the rich

The + Adjective = Noun

Describe human character or condition and to

represent a group of people.

Ex: The blind/ mute – The poor/rich

These expression have a plural meaning, they take a plural verb and pronoun is “they”

Ex: The poor get poorer; the rich get richer The disabled need to be cared by the people around them

The + disabled/rich/ poor/ injured/ sick/ unemployed/ young/ dead/ blind II Grammar and Vocabulary

Notice:

Normally, there is no plural form (s/es) for the Noun (the + Adj) However, there are some special cases such as The Reds, The Blacks, The Whites…when we want to refer to

human

Exercise 1: Complete these sentences using the + one of the adjectives:

2 Ambulances arrived at the scene of the accident and took the………… to hospital 1.The ……… have the future in their hands

3 Life is all right if you have a job, but things are not so easy for the……… Julia has been a nurse all her life She has spent her life caring for the…………

5 In England there is an old story about a man called Robin Hood It is said that he

robbed the………and gave money to the………

2 Used to + infinitive Use:

This structure is used to refer to a past habit (action/ state) However, this habit has changed at present time or stopped

Ex: When I was a child, we used to go on holiday to the seaside.

II Grammar and Vocabulary

Notice the negative and the question:

I didn't use to go on holiday to the seaside when I was a child When did you use to go on holiday when you were a child?

Structure

+/ S + Used to Verb + Object.

-/ S + did not + Use to + Verb + Object.

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with used to + a suitable verb

1 Dennis gave up smoking two years ago He 40 cigarettes a day.

2 Liz a motorbike, but last year she sold it and bought a car

3 We came to live in Manchester a few years ago We in Nottingham.

4 I rarely eat ice-cream now but I it when I was a child.

5 Jim my best friend but we aren't friends any longer.

6 It only takes me about 40 minutes to get to work since the new road was opened It more than an hour.

7 There a hotel apposite the station but it closed a long time ago.

8 When you lived in London, to the theatre?

used to smoke used to have

used to live used to eat

used to be

used to take

used to be

3 Which as a connector

+/ Sheila couldn’t come to the party This was a pity

 Sheila couldn’t come to the party, which was a pity

II Grammar and Vocabulary

Use:

Which can be used in relative clauses to refer to the whole meaning of its preceding clause

+/ Our new timetable has changed This means (that) we have go to school 15 minutes earlier

=> Our new timetable has changed, which means (that) we have go to school 15 minutes earlier

+/ Ann is late for the meeting because she forgot setting the alarm

=> Ann forgot setting the alarm, which makes her late for the meeting

S + V, Which V + Noun/Ob…/Clause

Note:

Verb followed “which clause” is correspond with the third singular pronoun

Exercise 3: Join a sentence from A with one from B to make a new sentence using which

7 Our car has broken down

This was very nice of her.(a)

This means we can't go away tomorrow (b) This makes it difficult to contract her (c) This makes it difficult to sleep.(d)

This is good news (f)

This meant we had to wait for hours at the airport (g) 2 Jill isn't on the phone.

3 Neil has passed his examinations 4 Our flight was delayed.

5 Ann offered to put me up for the night. 6 The street I live in is very noisy at night.

A

B

Joining the sentence

2 Jill isn't on the phone, which makes it difficult to contract her. 3 Neil has passed his examinations, which is good news.

4 Our flight was delayed, which meant we had to wait for hours at the airport. 5 Ann offered to put me up for the night, which was very nice of her.