Evaluation of biogas used in tan kim commune phu binh didtrict thai nguyen province

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY PHAM VAN TUNG Topic title: EVALUATION OF BIOGAS USEDIN TAN KIM COMMUNE PHU BINH DISTRICTTHAI NGUYEN PROVINCE BACHELOR THESIS Study mode: Full-time Major: environmental science and management Faculty: International Training and Development Center Batch: K42 i Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name Pham Van Tung Student ID DTN1053050060 Thesis title Evaluation of biogas used in Tan Kim commune Phu Binh didtrict Thai Nguyen province Superviser Prof.Dr Tran Ngoc Ngoan Abstract: Global warming is urgent issue when effect of global warming can be recognized by everyone Agriculture contribute large proportion to warm up the Earth, especially livestock The effective measure such as biogas are essential for sustainable development Although biogas can reduce pollutants in wastewater, wastewater still pollutes the environment This study collected data about biogas use in Tan Kim commune, an agricultural commune in Phu Binh district, Thai Nguyen province, to evaluate the effectiveness of biogas technology in household scale in hadling livestock waste treatment All document related to biogas, Tan Kim’s condition is collected It is the background for this research Biogas outlet wastewater in Tan Kim is collected to analysis pollution level and effectiveness of biogas tanks The methodologies such as inheritence, comparision, random sampling and some lab method were used Although the result demonstrates good status, many drawbacks were found The outlet wastewater is not treated completely and many household, who use biogas, lack of secondary measure They not have biological ponds or sedimentation tanks to handle outlet wastewater of biogas In conclusion, biogas is an effective measure in livestock waste treatment, however there are some disadvantages need to be solved Key words: Biogas, livestock waste treatment Number of pages: Date of submission 1/15/2015 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To begin with, we know that knowledge is just only can be proved by our works, and internship is one of the best opportunity for student whose can their first project before they find their jobs in the future By this way, learners can easily experience more the working environment, and it is extremely important for our life after that Besides that, we are not only improving ourselves by knowledge in company environment but also making more friends whose are having many experiences in environment, and it will help us in the near future From my perspective, this internship is absolutely needed, helpful and important Because of that, and be assigned by the International Training Center and also the allowed of Tan Kim Commune people’s committee, I started the thesis: “EVALLUATION OF BIOGAS USED IN TAN KIM COMMUNE, PHU BINH DISTRICT, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE”, I got helps from Professor Nguyen Ngoc Ngoan, my supervisor To well done this thesis, I want to express profound gratitude to Advanced Education Program, the school administrators, the staffs in Tan Kim Commune people’s committee, and particularly my supervisor, Professor Tran Ngoc Ngoan who is always supports me every single time I got troubles I would like to send him a warmly thanks for his support, and for his sacrifice for education, as same as environmental issues in Vietnam All in all, I would like to say that I have tried my best to finish this thesis in my abilities However, honestly, I partly believe that my thesis still have some problems because of the limitation of knowledge and reality experiences, especially in our environmental circumstances these days It is totally happy if I can get feedbacks and comments from you, my teachers and supervisor to finish my thesis in a fantastic way, to get the best results iii Abbreviations AD: anaerobic digestion BOD: biological oxygen demand COD: chemical oxygen demand MARD: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development T-N: Total nitrogen T-d BOD value of NT4 sample is unusually high, it is high compared to the other samples and other researchs Through investigation, that samples was taken from Mr Vu Van Hoi family He built biogas tanks since 2007, biogas tank volume is 8m3 while Mr Hoi fedding 4050 pigs There are two reasons for this situation Firstly, due tovolume of biogas tanks is too small while livestock waste is so much, biogas tanks can not handle significantly all waste Second,the tank was built so long ago and too much digeste inside biogas tanks Therefore scale of biogas system accordance with the farming 41 scaleis essential, to avoid overload which reduce the effectiveness of biogas Financial support from Commune people’s committee is necessaryand consultation about appropriate biogas volume with farming scale are also importanct for sustainable development In general, biogas has effectiveness in livestock treatment, all pollution indicators are reduced significantly 42 CHAPTER V DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 5.1 Discussion Tan Kim commune have good condition to develop biogas Natural condition of Tan Kim commune is good for agriculture and livestock is developed That is input metrial for biogas tanks In other hand, biogas is necessry to handle huge amount of livestock waste Biogas tanks in Tan Kim are working well There are no big problem in use, but some signal of low effectiveness were found That is overload and under standard secondary treatment In term of environment indicators, lowest efficiency is 50%, highest effeiciency is 70% It is good result, however it lower than other research result about biogas, for instance, according to Hong, N (2012)efficiency of biogas can reached 80% Biogas bring many benefits for people interm of ecomic, environment and social However, ther are some drawbacks in use of biogas technology People not use biogas tanks effectively They only use biogas tnaks to handle pig manure and others waste of pig farming The other manure such as cows manure or chicken manure is used directly for agriculture Secondary treatment to handle biogas wastewater is understandard 5.2 Conclusion Thedevelopment ofbiogasnot onlysolvethe energy problem, but also minimizeenvironmental pollution, protectand improvepublic health, enhance productivityof crop and livestock Biogastechnologyplayan importantrolein thesustainable developmentof agriculture Due to the importance of biogas goverment and people, who using biogas, need to work together to solve the disadvantages of biogas ultilization in Tan Kim commune particularly and in Vietnam generally Others research about biogas using in Tan Kim are required to improve accuracy objectively of information about biogas ultilization This will contribute to biogas development and sustainable agriculture 43 To improve effectiveness of biogas used, the following proposal are suggested: Management suggestion: - Enhance the management, successful implementation ofpropaganda activities, training to raise awareness of people about environmental pollution, protect the environment in daily life and business activities - Strengthening the management for waste management, waste water in agricultural production especially in the livestock sector - Encourage people concentrate livestock and use biogas to handle waste - Free support for documentation, training, consulting about biogas technique and technical staff, builders - Organize courses to guilde farmers using biogas and handling the incident Technical suggestion: The biogas tanks in Tan Kim commune are working very well, all comments are good Due to early appearance of biogas and high awareness of farmer people have experience in using biogas and solve problems People should promote that more Inaddition, household using biogas need to build other constructions to handle outlet wastewater of biogas, the following constructions is suggested: - Biological pond: In fact, TanKim commune alsohas a lot of biological ponds used totreat waste after biogas, however many ponds are under standard - Sedimentation tanks: Tanks should have appropriate volume with scale of biogas tanksas well as the scale of livestock This tank contains biogas outlet wastewater, this prevents wastewater pollute the environment In other hand, it is also a source of fertilizer for plants, wastewater and digestate after biogas is a very good source of organic fertilizer for agriculture - Constructed wetland:In the world, constructe wetland is used as an effective solution for distributed wastewater, domestic, livestock, offices and hospitals wastewater.Constructe wetland friendly to environment, high efficiency, 44 low costandstability It also increasing the valueof biodiversity, landscape and environment - Planting vetiver grass 45 References I/ Vietnam's References Hang, D (2013) Vetiver – Solution to handle livestock waste Vietnam Vetiver Network 24/04/2013 Hong, N and Lieu, P (2012) Effectiveness Assessment of Handling Pig Farming Wastewater by biogas in household scale in Thua Thien Hue Science Journal, University of Hue, vol 73, No Ly, N (2005).Some isues related to livestock waste treatment.Agricultural science Journal No Ministry of AgricultureandRural Development,Department ofAgriculture (2005) Traning Meterial in Improving biogas technicans Ministry of AgricultureandRural Development,Department of livestock (2011).Household Scale Biogas Technology Ministry of environment and resources (2011) Circular onnationaltechnical regulationson the environmentThong tu quy dinh quy chuan ky thuat quoc gia ve moi truong Ngan, N (2013).Biogas types in Cuu Long river delta Swedish Centech Vietnam, 2012, Summary: Market Brief on Biogas in Vietnam Tin, L (2010).Some solution in environmental treatment in PID-COW farming Published by Tien Giang Deparment of cience and Technology II/ Foreign's References Florian, G at all.(2014) Sustainable biogas production Published by FiBL Projekte GmbH, Germany Naga.(2000) The ICLARM Quaterly Vol.25, no.1 Teodorita,S at all.(2008).Biogas handbook.Published by University of Southern Denmark Esbjerg United States Environmental Protection Agency.(2004).Constructed treatment wetland 46 Appendix QUESTIONNAIR ABOUT HOUSEHOLD BIOGAS TANKS IN LIVESTOCK WASTE TREATMENT Date of servey: Questionnair is performedby Tung Van Pham He/she tick into which appropriate to your opinion or answer into space Part I: General information Name : Job: Age: Gender: Education level: Ethnic: Address: Classify household by jobs: Farming Mixed Service Classify household by economy: Rich Normal Poor Part II: Content of servey Quantitive of cattle and poultry: Amount of livestock waste per day: How you handle livestock waste, before use biogas tanks? Fertilize Others Feed fish Throw away ... allowed of Tan Kim Commune people’s committee, I started the thesis: “EVALLUATION OF BIOGAS USED IN TAN KIM COMMUNE, PHU BINH DISTRICT, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE? ??, I got helps from Professor Nguyen. .. Evaluation of biogas used in Tan Kim commune Phu Binh didtrict Thai Nguyen province Superviser Prof.Dr Tran Ngoc Ngoan Abstract: Global warming is urgent issue when effect of global warming can... biogas use in Tan Kim commune, an agricultural commune in Phu Binh district, Thai Nguyen province, to evaluate the effectiveness of biogas technology in household scale in hadling livestock waste