THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY PHAN PHU DUC TOPIC TITTLE ASSESSING ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA IMPLEMENTATION IN NEW RURAL CONSTRUCTION IN TAN KIM COMMUNE, PHU BINH DISTRICT[.]
THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY PHAN PHU DUC TOPIC TITTLE: ASSESSING ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA IMPLEMENTATION IN NEW RURAL CONSTRUCTION IN TAN KIM COMMUNE, PHU BINH DISTRICT, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Training and Development Center Batch : 2010-2015 Thai Nguyen, 23/ 01/2015 n DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACH Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name Phan Phu Duc Student ID DTN1053070018 Assessing environmental criteria implementation in new Thesis Title rural construction in Tan Kim commune, Phu Binh district, Thai Nguyen province Supervisor (s) Professor Tran Ngoc Ngoan Abstract: The research purpose was to assess the implementation of environmental criteria and to propose solutions to accomplish such criteria in New Rural Construction in Tan Kim commune The study indicated that: 100% of households used unhygienic water according criteria, mostly from open wells and only 23.5% of households used sanitary latrines The environmental contamination by solid wastes presents serious problem that badly needs solution by local governments Several factors, such as policy mechanism, public awareness, people’s consciousness, and economic conditions of the locality and households, production and business activities affect the local environment The present research proposed some solutions to overcome polluted situations, enhancing clean water supply and sanitary construction works in order to improve people’s life quality Keywords Clean water, environmental criteria, environmental pollution Number of pages 52 Date of submission 23/01/2015 n ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have taken efforts in this research However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations I would like to extend the sincer thanks to all of them First and foremost, I wish to express my sincere thanks to the boards of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Laboratory and teachers of Faculty of Natural Resource and Faculty of Environment for providing me all the necessary facilities to complete this research In particular, I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my principal research advisor Prof Tran Ngoc Ngoan who guided me wholeheartedly when we implement this research Furthermore, I would also like to express my thanks for People’s Committee of Tan Kim Comme as well as the departments have dedicated help and create the best conditions for me to complete this research Finally, a special thanks to our family, our friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this research within the limited time frame Sincerely, Thai Nguyen, 23/01/2015 Student Phan Phu Duc n TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………… LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………………………….3 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS………………………………………………………4 PART I INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………… 1.1 Research rationale 1.2 Research’s objectives 1.3 Research questions and hypothesis 1.4 Limitations 1.5 Definitions PART II LITERATURE REVIEW………………… ……………………………7 2.1 Scientific basis 2.1.1 Concepts 2.1.2 The basis for New Rural Reconstruction .11 2.2 Factual basis .13 2.2.1 The environmental situation in the world and Viet Nam .13 2.2.2 Current status of the rural environment in Vietnam .14 2.2.4 New rural and environmental criteria in Phu Binh district, Thai Nguyen provinece 21 PART III METHODS…………………………………………………………… 23 3.1 Materials 23 3.2 Methods 23 3.2.1 Investigation methods, secondary data collection 23 3.2.2 Sampling method and sample analysis 24 3.2.3 Method of synthesis and data processing .25 PART IV RESULTS .26 4.1 The overviewof tan kim commune, phu binh district, thai nguyen province 26 4.1.1 Natural conditions 26 4.1.2 Natural Resources .27 4.1.3 Social – economy conditions .29 n 4.2 Environment status of tan kim commune, phu binh district, thai nguyen province .33 4.2.1 Clean water supply .33 4.2.2 Waste collection 38 4.2.3 Sanitation facilities .41 4.2.4 Environmental hygiene and the management of local authorities 41 4.2.5 Awareness of people about environment 42 PART V DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION .44 5.1 Discussion 44 5.1.1 The difficulties exist in the implementation of environmental criteria of the New Rural Reconstruction in Tan Kim commune, Phu Binh district, Thai Nguyen province 44 5.2 Conclusion 48 REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………50 n LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4.1 Tan Kim commune 26 Figure 4.2 Sources of drinking water of the people .34 Figure 4.3 The assessment of local people on water quality in Tan Kim 35 Figure 4.4 Comparison of Zn, NO3-, Fe, Mn with NTR .37 Figure 4.5 The utilization of water purification system in households in Tan Kim commune .38 Figure 4.6 The situation of households used the sewer system 40 Figure 4.7 Sources supply informations about environment 43 n LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Methods of analysis indicators .25 Table 4.1 Results of food production, livestock, fisheries in 2010 30 Table 4.2 Sources of drinking water of the people .34 Table 4.3 Quality of domestic water in Tan Kim .35 Table 4.4 Results of the analysis sample wells 36 Table 4.5 The utilization of water purification systems in Tan Kim 38 Table 4.6 The utilization of sewerage system 39 Table 4.7 Receiving sewage place of local people .40 Table 4.8 The latrine type in Tan Kim commune 41 Table 4.9 Sources supply informations about environment 42 n LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CP Government CPPH National Political Publishing House MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development MOH Ministry of Health MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment PCTK People Committee of Tan Kim commnune QD Dispatch TDS Total Dissolved Solids VNS Viet Nam Standard n PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research rationale Today, human are aspiring towards a goal of socio-economic development to significantly enhance the quality of life for people in the harmonious combination between material conditions and spiritual condition, between the high life and beautiful life, both safe and sustainable for everyone, for this generation and posterity forever Vietnam's words: performing "rich people, strong country, social justice, democracy and civilization" To achieve this good goal, need to find the basic motivation of the development As economist Adam Smit said: "Earth is the mother, the father is labor." Vietnam is known as a country with agriculture contributed 80% of the economy, the labor force concentrated in rural areas Specifically, there are more than 69, 4% of the population live in rural areas (nearly 61 million people, according to the Census of Population and Housing 2011) With the increasing pace of urbanization, the difference between income and life of living in urban areas and rural areas is increasing Besides, the growth rate between different rural areas is not fair, especially in the mountainous areas That led to the rise of environmental issues intertwined nature in many places, many areas has become pressing issues The reason mainly due to the improper use of fertilizers, plant protection agents, with the lack of awareness of environmental protection: discharge of domestic waste, indiscriminate breeding These issues have been and will be a lasting impact on the ecosystem of agriculture and rural areas n Tan Kim is a mountainous commune located at the North of Phu Binh district, with the natural area about 2,167.77 At the end of 2010, beginning of 2011, the population of Tan Kim commune about 7,146 people (PCTK 2012) There is a favorable local investment for development The socio-economy has experienced strong growth in recent years However, along with the signs of environmental pollution, the untapped strengths effectively An important question is how to exploit the advantages parallel with sustainable environmental protection in the commune? With these requirements, in recent years, Tan Kim undertook the “New Rural Reconstruction Programme” with 19 criteria according to the National criteria, to promote the economy development, improving material and spiritual life of people in rural areas, infrastructure socio-economic synchronize, appropriate forms of production, agricultural development associated with the development of industry and services, preserve the cultural identity, the ecological - environment protection, ensure the maintenance of security, order and social stability However, the performance criteria are met many obstacles, particularly the criteria 17th – environmental criteria Derived from the actual requirements with the consenting and supporting of Professor Dr Tran Ngoc Ngoan, I conducted the topic: “Environment Status Assessment and Suggestions to achieve 17th criteria in National New Rural Reconstruction Programme of Tan Kim commune, Phu Binh district , Thai Nguyen Province” 1.2 Research’s objectives The research aims to determine the sources and levels of pollution from which set out the mitigation measurement follow the criteria 17th about environmental in the n ... of environmental quality in Tan Kim, Phu Binh district, Thai Nguyen province - Evaluating difficulties exist mainly in the process of implementing environmental criteria in the New Rural Reconstruction... 5.1.1 The difficulties exist in the implementation of environmental criteria of the New Rural Reconstruction in Tan Kim commune, Phu Binh district, Thai Nguyen province 44 5.2 Conclusion... DTN1053070018 Assessing environmental criteria implementation in new Thesis Title rural construction in Tan Kim commune, Phu Binh district, Thai Nguyen province Supervisor (s) Professor Tran Ngoc Ngoan