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9th grade synthesized English grammar Appendix Part Content Page I Tense - Các II Conditional sentences - Câu điều kiện III Wish - Câu ước IV Passive Voice - Câu Bị Động V Reported Speech - Câu Trực Tiếp - Gián Tiếp VI Tag Question - Câu hỏi đuôi VII Relative Clauses - Mệnh Đề Quan Hệ VIII Comparison - Câu so sánh IX Article - Mạo từ X Quantifiers – Định lượng từ XI Enough, Too, So, Such XII Structures to V, V_ing – Cấu trúc to V, V_ing XIII Clauses and Phases - Mệnh đề Cụm từ I WISH – Clauses & IF ONLY – Clauses (Mệnh đề ước) II PHRASES / CLAUSES OF PURPOSE (Cụm từ/ Mệnh đề mục đích): III PHRASES / CLAUSES OF RESULT (Cụm từ / Mệnh đề kết quả) IV PHRASES/ CLAUSES OF REASON (Cụm từ / Mệnh đề lý do) V PHRASES / CLAUSES OF CONCESSION (Mệnh đề / Cụm từ nhượng bộ) VI AS IF/ AS THOUGH/ IT’S (HIGH)TIME / WOULD RATHER XIV So, Too, Neither, Either XVI Conjunctions - Liên Từ Microsoft English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar English grammar grade I Tense - Thì tiếng anh Thì đơn - simple present tense a Cơng thức - Với động từ thường Khẳng định : S + Vs/es … Phủ định : S+ do/does + not + V… Nghi vấn : Do/does + S + V…? - Với động từ tobe Khẳng định : S+ am/ is/ are + o Phủ định : S + am/ is/ are + not + o Nghi vấn : Am/ is/ are + s + o Lưu ý : Ta thêm "Es" Sau động từ tận là: o, s, x, ch, sh b Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Always, usually, often, sometimes , generally, seldom, etc., (a fact, habit, or repeated action), every time, as a rule, every day (every other day), once (a month), once in a while,… c Cách dùng: Thì đơn diễn tả một chân lý , một thật hiển nhiên Ex: The sun ries in the East Thì đơn diễn tả thói quen , mợt hành đợng xảy thường xuyên Ex: Mary often goes to school by bicycle Thì đơn diễn tả lực người : Ex : He plays badminton very well Thì đơn cịn diễn tả mợt kế hoạch xếp trước tương lai thời khoá biểu , đặc biệt dùng với đợng từ di chuyển Thì tiếp diễn - present progressive a Công thức: Khẳng định : S + be (am/ is/ are) + V_ing … Phủ định : S+ be + not + V_ing … Nghi vấn : Be + s+ V_ing … b Cách dùng: Diễn tả một hành động xảy thời điểm nói Ex: I am reading ( Tơi đọc) Mợt hành đợng xảy có tính chất tạm thời Ex: She is working (cơ làm việc) Một hành động lúc xảy liên tục (thường có thêm usually, always câu) Ex: I am usually thinking of you (tôi thường nghĩ bạn) a Chỉ một việc xảy lúc nói chuyện/hiện hành Ex: I am reading an English book now b Chỉ việc xảy tương lai (khi có trạng từ tương lai) Ex: I am going to call on Mr John tom / I am meeting her at the cinema tonight Những động từ không chia HTTD - know -understand - keep - be - see - hear - hope - wish - smell - seem - need - consider - expect - sound - agree - taste - have to - notice - enjoy - feel - look - love/ like - start - want -begin - prefer - finish - fall - stop - wonder English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar c Từ nhận biết: Right now , at the moment , at present , now , shhh! , listen! , look! , this semester At the time = at this time = at present (hiện nay) - at the present - you hear? - keep silent ! = Be quiet! - pay attention to ! - don’t make noise: - today - hurry up! - still - don’t talk in class - where + be + s ? Thì hồn thành - present perfect a Cơng thức: Khẳng định : S + have/ has + past participle (V3 ) Phủ định : S + have/ has + not+ past participle (V3 ) Nghi vấn : Have/ has +S+ past participle (V3 ) * Lưu ý : I, THEY ,WE, YOU + HAVE + (V3 ) SHE, HE, IT + HAS + (V3 ) b Cách dùng: - Thì hồn thành diễn tả hành đợng xảy chưa xảy thời gian khơng xác định q khứ - Thì hoàn thành dùng với since for - Since + mốc thời gian (1995, I was young, this morning etc.) Khi người nói dùng since, người nghe phải tính thời gian - For + khoảng thời gian (từ lúc đầu tới bây giờ) Khi người nói dùng for, người nói phải tính thời gian - Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ, kéo dài đến (có thể đến tương lai) - Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ không đề cập đến thời gian cụ thể - Diễn tả hành động xảy lặp lặp lại nhiều lần qk không đề cập đến thời gian - Diễn tả hành đợng xảy q khứ cịn hậu c Từ nhận biết: Never, ever, in the last fifty years, this semester (summer,year…) , since, for, so far, up to now, up until , just, now, up to the present, yet, recently, lately, in recent years, many times, once, twice, and in his/her whole life, Already, the first time, the second times, the third times… Chú ý: s + have/ has + never/ever/ already /just… + (V3 ) Thì Hiện Tại Hồn Thành Tiếp Diễn (Present Perfect Continuous): a Công thức Khẳng định : S + have/ has + been + V_ing + O Phủ định : S + have/ has + not + been + V_ing + O Nghi vấn : Have/ has + S + been + V_ing + O? b Từ nhận biết: all day, all week, since, for, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far c Cách dùng: Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian hành động xảy khứ tiếp tục tới (có thể tới tương lai) Thì q khứ đơn - past simple a Công thức: - Với động từ thường Khẳng định : S + V2/ed … Phủ định : S + did+ not + V… Nghi vấn : Did + S + V…? - Với tobe English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar Khẳng định : S + was/were … Phủ định : S+ was/ were + not … Nghi vấn : Was/were + S … ? b Cách dùng : Diễn tả hành động xảy chấm dứt một thời điểm thời gian xác định khứ c Dấu hiệu nhận biết - Yesterday, ago, last (night, week, month, year ), from… to - In + năm khứ (vd: in 1995, 1999), in the old days * Chú ý : Chủ từ + động từ khứ When + khứ đơn (simple past) When+ hành đợng thứ Thì q khứ tiếp diễn - past progessive a Công thức Khẳng định : S + was/were + V_ing … Phủ định : S + wasn’t/weren’t+ V-ing … Nghi vấn : Was/were + s+ V-ing …? Lưu ý: I, THEY, WE , YOU + WERE + V-ing SHE, HE, IT + WAS + V-ing Chủ ngữ + were/was + động từ thêm -ing While + khứ tiếp diễn (past progressive) b Cách sử dụng Diễn tả hành động sảy thời điểm xác định khứ Ex: What were you doing at 8.00 last night ? I was watching television Diễn tả một hành động diễn bị hành đợng khác xen vào khứ Ex: While I was having a bath, the phone rang Diễn tả hai hành động diễn một lúc Ex: I was learning my lesson while my parents were watching TV at 8.30 last night c Các từ nhận biết: - At that moment ( vào lúc đó) - At that time ( vào lúc đó) - At this time yesterday ( vào lúc hôm qua) - At this time last night ( vào lúc tối hôm qua) - At (5, …) o'clock yesterday ( vào lúc (5, 6…) hôm qua.) - All day yesterday ( suốt ngày hôm qua) - All last week = during last week (trong suốt tuần) + thời gian khứ - The whole of….(tồn bợ) + thời gian q khứ Thì Q Khứ HỒN THÀNH - (Past perfect) a Công thức Khẳng định : S + had + V3/ed … Phủ định : S + had + not +V3/ed … Nghi vấn : Had + S + V3/ed … ? b Cách sử dụng - Diễn tả một hành động xảy trước một hành động khác thời điểm khác khứ - Chúng ta thường sử dụng từ nối before, after, just, when, as soon as, by the time, until,… Ex: After I had cleaned the room, my mom called (Sau dọn xong phịng mẹ gọi) - Hành đợng xảy điều kiện tiên cho hành động khác English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar Ex: I had had a girl friend and would marriage to her (Tơi có người bạn gái tơi cưới ấy) Thì tương lai - simple future a Công thức Khẳng định : S + shall/ will + V_inf V_inf = V_infinitive : Verb nguyên thể Phủ định : S + shall/ will + not+ V_inf … Nghi vấn : Shall/ will + s + V_inf …? b Cách sử dụng: - Diễn tả hđ xảy tương lai - Diễn tả hđ định lúc nói - Lưu ý: Khơng sử dụng Will, Shall sau before, after, when, while, as soon as, until, if c Dấu hiệu nhận biết - Tomorrow (ngày mai), next (week, month, year ), someday (một ngày đó) - In the future, soon (chẳng nữa), tonight, in a few day’s time - In a week, in a minute, in + năm chưa tới Before After By the time S + WILL + V(inf) + when + S + V(s,es) as soon as until Thì tương lai gần – near future a Công thức : Am/is/are + going to +v b Từ để nhận dạng : This , tonight, tomorrow, next , in , c Cách dùng: - Khi đoán (predict, guess), dùng will be going to - Khi dự định trước, dùng be going to không dùng will - Chủ từ + am (is/are) going to + động từ (ở tại: Simple form) - Khi diễn tả tình nguyện sẵn sàng, dùng will khơng dùng be going to - Chủ từ + will + động từ (ở tại: Simple form) 10 TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN: (FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE) a Form (Công thức) : S + will be + V_ing b Dấu hiệu nhận biết - While, tomorrow, next (week, month, year ), someday (một ngày đó) - In the future, soon (chẳng nữa), tonight, in a few day’s time - In a week, in a minute, in + năm chưa tới 11 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE: ( tương lai hoàn thành) a Form (Công thức): S + will have + V3/ed b Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Before, after, by the time, by + một điểm thời gian tương lai 12 Thì Hiện Tại Hồn Thành Tiếp Diễn (Present Perfect Continuous): a Công thức Khẳng định : S + have/ has + been + V_ing + O Phủ định : S + have/ has + not + been + V_ing + O Nghi vấn : Have/ has + S + been + V_ing + O? b Từ nhận biết: all day, all week, since, for, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far c Cách dùng: Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian hành động xảy khứ tiếp tục tới (có thể tới tương lai) English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar EXERCISE 1: Use the correct form of verbs in brackets In all the world, there (be) only 14 mountains that (reach) above 8,000 meters He sometimes (come) to see his parents When I (come) , she (leave) for Dalat ten minutes ago My grandfather never (fly) in an airplane, and he has no intention of ever doing so We just (decide) that we (undertake) the job He told me that he (take) a trip to California the following week I knew that this road (be) too narrow Right now I (attend) class Yesterday at this time I (attend) class Tomorrow I’m going to leave for home When I (arrive) at the airport, Mary (wait) for me 10 Margaret was born in 1950 By last year, she (live) on this earth for 55 years 11 The traffic was very heavy By the time I (get) to Mary’s party, everyone already (arrive) 12 I will graduate in June I (see) you in July By the time I (see) you , I (graduate) 13 I (visit) my uncle’s home regularly when I (be) a child 14 That book (be) on the table for weeks You (not read) it yet ? 15 David (wash) his hands He just (repair) the TV set 16 You (be) here before? Yes, I (spend) my holidays here last year 17 We never (meet) him We don’t know what he (look) like 18 The car (be) ready for him by the time he (come) tomorrow 19 On arriving at home I (find) that she just (leave) a few minutes before 20 When we (arrive) in London tonight, it probably (rain) 21 It (rain) hard We can’t anything until it (stop) 22 Last night we (watch) TV when the power (fail) 23 That evening we (stay) up to talk about the town where he (live) for some years 24 I (sit) down for a rest while the shoes (repair) 25 Half way to the office Paul (turn) round and (go) back home because he (forget) to turn the gas off 26 London (change) a lot since we first (come) to live here 27 While we (talk) on the phone the children (start) fighting and (break) a window 28 He used to talk to us for hours about all the interesting things he (do) in his life 29 You know she (stand) looking at that picture for the last twenty minutes 30 I (spend) a lot of time travelling since I (get) this new job 31 When we (be) at school we all (study) Latin 32 When I (meet) him , he (work) as a waiter for a year 33 After he (finish) breakfast he (sit) down to write some letters 34 She (have) a hard life, but she’s always smiling 35 I think Jim (be) out of town EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D When I last saw him, he _ in London A has lived B is living C was living D has been living We _ Dorothy since last Saturday A don’t see B haven’t seen C didn’t see D hadn’t seen The train half an hour ago English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar A has been leaving B left C has left D had left Jack the door A has just painted B paint C will have painted D painting My sister for you since yesterday A is looking B was looking C has been looking D looked I Texas State University now A am attending B attend C was attending D attended He has been selling motorbikes A ten years ago B since ten years C for ten years ago D for ten years Christopher Columbus _ American more than 500 years ago A discovered B has discovered C had discovered D had been discovering He fell down when he towards the church A run B runs C was running D had run 10 We _ there when our father died A still lived B lived still C was still lived D was still living 11 They table tennis when their father comes back home A will play B will be playing C play D would play 12 By Christmas, I _ for Mr Smith for six years A will have been working B will work C have been working D will be working 13 I _ in the room right now A am being B was being C have been being D am 14 I to New York three times this year A have been B was C were D had been 15 I’ll come and see you before I _ for the States A leave B will leave C have left D shall leave 16 The little girl asked what _ to her friend A has happened B happened C had happened D would have been happened 17 John a book when I saw him A is reading B read C was reading D reading 18 He said he _ return later A will B would C can D would be 19 Jack the door A has just opened B open C have opened D opening 20 I have been waiting for you A since early morning B since a.m C for two hours D All are correct 21 Almost everyone _ for home by the time we arrived A leave B left C leaves D had left 22 By the age of 25, he two famous novels A wrote B writes C has written D had written 23 When her husband was in the army, Mary to him twice a week A was reading B wrote C was written D had written 24 I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower a few days previously A broke down B has been broken C had broken down D breaks down 25 I have never played badminton before This is the first time I _ to play A try B tried C have tried D am trying English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar 26 Since _, I have heard nothing from him A he had left B he left C he has left D he was left 27 After I _ lunch, I looked for my bag A had B had had C have has D have had 28 By the end of next year, George _ English for two years A will have learned B will learn C has learned D would learn 29 The man got out of the car, round to the back and opened the book A walking B walked C walks D walk 30 Henry _ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner A was going B went C has gone D did go 31 He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he dinner A finish B finishes C will finish D finishing 32 I will be glad if he _ with us A had gone B did go C went D goes 33 Ask her to come and see me when she _ her work A finish B has finished C finished D finishing 34 Turn off the gas Don’t you see that the kettle ? A boil B boils C is boiling D boiled 35 Tom and Mary for Vietnam tomorrow A leave B are leaving C leaving D are left 36 He always for a walk in the evening A go B is going C goes D going 37 Her brother in Canada at present A working B works C is working D work 38 I to the same barber since last year A am going B have been going C go D had gone 39 Her father when she was a small girl A dies B died C has died D had died 40 Last week, my professor promised that he today A would come B will come C comes D coming EXERCISE 3: Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D ) that needs correcting After Mrs Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner A B C D Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down A B C D Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it A B C D Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a new one A B C D Having fed the dog, he was sat down to his own meal A B C D When I turned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail, and I delete it all A B C D They are going to have to leave soon and so we A B C D The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really needed a pay rise A B C D The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar A B C D 10 Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years A B C D 11 I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer A B C D 12 When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently A B C D 13 I think it’s time you change your way of living A B C D 14 Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there A B C D 15 When I’m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years A B C D 16 The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant A B C D 17 Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now A B C D 18 Some people are believing there is life on other planets A B C D 19 The island of Hawaii had been the subject of intensive research on the occurrence of earthquakes A B C D 20 Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and waking me up A B C D 21 The man died as a result of falling asleep while he drives A B C D 22 I haven’t finished the report yet, but by the time you return I will certainly complete it A B C D 23 Caroline has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it A B C D 24 We’ll be cycled to Hoa’s village at this time next Sunday A B C D 25 What will you when your friends won’t come ? A B C D 26 Someone was knocking at the door when I was doing the washing up A B C D 27 My friend didn’t drink any beer since we came to live here A B C D 28 We have written to each other when we were in primary school A B C D 29 After breakfast, I‘m gone to walk to school with my friends A B C D 30 Did he go to the pop concert next weekend for a change? A B C D EXERCISE 4: Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one Eight years ago we started writing to each other A We have rarely written to each other for eight years English grammar grade 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar B Eight years is a long time for us to write to each other C We wrote to each other eight years ago D We have been writing to each other for eight years The boy was so lazy that he couldn’t stay up late to learn his lessons A The boy was lazy enough not to stay up late to learn his lessons B The boy was too lazy to stay up late to learn his lessons C The boy was lazy enough but he stayed up late to learn his lessons D The boy was lazy enough to stay up late to learn his lessons My father is tired of seeing any violent films A My father hasn’t seen a violent film B My father has enjoyed all the violent films he has ever seen C My father is worried about missing the next violent film D My father never wants to see another violent film As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away A He saw her turn away and he waved his hand B No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away C She turned away because he waved his hand too early D Although she turned away, he waved his hand John wishes he had remembered to send Mary a Christmas card A John regrets not to send Mary a Christmas card B John regrets forgetting not to send Mary a Christmas card C John regrets not remembering sending Mary a Christmas card D John regrets forgetting to send Mary a Christmas card My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month A It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes B It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes C It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes D It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid A The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work B Having their work finishing, the workers expected to be paid C Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work D Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid Mr Brown bought this car five years ago A Mr Brown started to buy this car for five years B It has been five years when Mr Brown has bought this car C Mr Brown has had this car for five years D It is five years ago since Mr Brown has bought this car John used to write home once a week when he was abroad A John doesn’t write home once a week any longer B John enjoyed being written home every week when he was abroad C John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad D When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week 10 I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years A It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much B It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much English grammar grade 9 10 9th grade synthesized English grammar 26 You aren't very old You can't understand these things 27 He was very snobbish He wouldn't talk to any of us 28 The package is very thick I can't push it through the letterbox (Omit it.) 29 She was very mean She never gave to charity 30 He is very impatient He never listens to anyone 31 I was very tired I couldn't walk any further 32 It's not very dark We can't see the stars clearly 33 It was very hot You could fry an egg on the pavement 34 The oranges were very bitter We couldn't eat them (Omit them.) 35 Would you be very kind and turn down the radio a little? 36 He is very selfish He wouldn't put himself out for anyone ĐÁP ÁN 1) So 2) such 3) so 4) such 5) so 6) so 7) such 8) so 9) such 2.1) so many 2) so many3) so much 4) so many 5) so much 6) so much 7) so much 8) so many 9) so much 10) so much 1) We were so tired that we went to bed early 2) It is such a difficult lesson that we can’t understand it 3) It is such an old car that he doesn’t want to drive it 4) The weather was too cold (for us) to go out 5) It was such an interesting film that we couldn’t miss it 6) David has so many friends that he can’t remember all of their names 7) Tom drives so fast that he often cause accidents 8) This is such good tea that I think I’ll have another cup 9) John was too angry to say anything 10) They are such long exercises that I can’t finish them in an hour 11) She is old enough to work by herself 12) The boy is intelligent enough to understand you 13) Mai is good enough to pass the examination 14) The story is short enough for us to read in one hour 15) The film was good enough (for us) to see 16)The play was amusing enough to enjoy 17) It was too late for the children to see the display of fireworks 18) He is too young to go swimming 19) The sound was too low (for us) to hear 20)This book is too difficult (for me) to read Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa: 1) It is such a tidy room that it took us one hour to clean it 2) He is such a fool man that no one took any notice of him 3) It is such a long film that they can't broadcast it on one night 4) They are such interesting books that we have read them many times 5) It was such bad news that she burst into tears on hearing it 6) It was such hot food that it turned my tongue 7) There is such a lot of rain that we can't go out 8) He is such a fat boy that every calls him Stuffy 9) It is such excellent milk that all the children want some more 10) It was such warm weather that they had a walk in the garden 11) There were such a lot of people in the hall that we couldn't see him 10) so https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 113 9th grade synthesized English grammar 12) It was such an exciting match that all the fans shouted loudly 13) They drunk such a lot of coffee that they couldn't sleep all night 14) Alice had such a lot of exercises to that she couldn't go out 15) She was such a poor woman that she needed everyone's 1) The weather is too bad to go out 6) You speak too fast for me to catch up with 2) The film was too boring for us to go on seeing 7) It is too early for us to go out 3) He was too old to run fast 8) The water is too hot for me to drink 4) He spoke too fast for us to understand 9) The restaurant is too expensive for us to eat in 5) The fair was too noisy for us to hear each other 10) He studied too badly to pass the exam too young to have too cold to bathe so kind as to answer/kind enough to answer too old to wear long enough to reach enough money to live on too furious to speak hot enough to boil foolish enough to tell/so foolish as to tell 10 thin enough to slip 11 too ill to eat 12 too wide to get through 13 strong enough to dance on 14 too terrified to move 15 big enough to harm 16 strong enough to keep 17 too deep to wade 18 too lazy to get up 19 early enough to catch 20 so good as to forward/good enough to forward 21 thick enough to walk on 22 too drunk to answer 23 too cold to have 24 rash enough to set off/so rash as to set off 25 high enough to see 26 old enough to understand 27 too snobbish to talk 28 too thick to push through 29 too mean to give 30 too impatient to listen 31 too tired to walk 32 not dark enough to see 33 hot enough to fry 34 too bitter to eat 35 so kind as to turn down/kind enough to turn down 36 too selfish to put XIV CLAUSES & PHRASES (Mệnh đề & Cụm từ) I WISH – Clauses & IF ONLY – Clauses (Mệnh đề ước): Diễn đạt ước muốn (thường khơng có thật) (If only mạnh & rõ ràng Wish) Sau Wish & If Only có loại mệnh đề dùng để ao ước tương lai, khứ Ước tương lai: wish 𝐒𝟏 + + 𝐒𝟐 + would (not) + 𝐕𝐢𝐧𝐟 If only Ex I wish you would stop smoking / If only Jane would take the trip * NOTE: câu với Wish, khơng thể dùng với would , thay vào ta dùng với could ( I wish I would… → I wish I could… ) Ước tại: wish + 𝐒𝟐 + would (not) + 𝐕𝟐/𝐞𝐝 𝐒𝟏 + If only Ex I wish I were/was rich (Now I’m poor) * NOTE: câu với Wish, dùng với would , thay vào ta dùng với could ( I wish I would… → I wish I could… ) Ước khứ: wish + 𝐒𝟐 + had (not) + 𝐕𝟑/𝐞𝐝 𝐒𝟏 + If only Ex I wish I hadn’t failed my exam last year https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 114 9th grade synthesized English grammar II PHRASES / CLAUSES OF PURPOSE (Cụm từ/ Mệnh đề mục đích): PHRASES OF PURPOSE - Cụm từ mục đích: Diễn tả mục đích hành đợng, ta dùng cụm từ bắt đầu To-inf / in order / so as + to – inf To – inf In order (not) + to 𝐕𝐢𝐧𝐟 So as (not) Ex He went to France (in order / so as) to study French I try to study to pass my next exam CLAUSES OF PURPOSE - Mệnh đề mục đích S1 + V Mệnh đề so that in order that + S2 + will / would can / could may /might + Vinf Mệnh đề mục đích Ex He went to France so that he could study French I try all best to study English in order that I can find a bwetter job *NOTE : Nếu chủ ngữ mệnh đề mệnh đề mục đích khác ta khơng dùng CLAUSES OF PURPOSE III PHRASES / CLAUSES OF RESULT (Cụm từ / Mệnh đề kết quả) PHRASES OF RESULT - Cụm từ kết 1.1 Too… to….(quá … khơng thể…): Được dùng trước tính từ trạng từ S + 𝐕𝐭𝐡ườ𝐧𝐠 + too + adv+ (for O) +𝐭𝐨 𝐕𝐢𝐧𝐟 S + tobe (look, seem, become, get,…) + too + adj + (for O) +𝐭𝐨 𝐕𝐢𝐧𝐟 Ex He is too short to play basketball tobe adj He spoke too quickly to understand V adv 1.2 Enough … to….(đủ … để có thể….): dùng sau tính từ/trạng từ S + 𝐕𝐭𝐡ườ𝐧𝐠 + adv + enough (for O) +𝐭𝐨 𝐕𝐢𝐧𝐟 S + tobe + adj + enough (for O) +𝐭𝐨 𝐕𝐢𝐧𝐟 S + V + enough + noun (danh từ) + (for O) +𝐭𝐨 𝐕𝐢𝐧𝐟 Ex I am strong enough to lift that box / I am enough strength to lift that box The coffee is too hot for me to drink CLAUSES OF RESULT - Mệnh đề kết 2.1 SO…THAT…: Quá… đến nỗi… S + Vthường + so + Adv + that + S + V S + be + so + Adj + that + S + V Ex It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything * NOTE : Nếu trước SO có MANY, MUCH, FEW, LITTER ta có cấu trúc many S + V + so N(plural/countable: số nhiều / đếm được) + that + S + V few Ex There are so many people in the room that I feel tired https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 115 9th grade synthesized English grammar much N(uncountable: không đếm được) + that + S + V litter Ex He has invested so much money in the project that he can’t abandon it now S + V + so * Một cấu trúc khác SO…THAT… S + tobe + so + Adj + a + N(singular/countable: số it/ đếm được) + that + S + V Ex It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors 2.2 SUCH ….THAT….: Quá… đến nỗi… S + tobe + such + (a/an) Adj + N + that + S + V Ex It was such (a) heavy piano(s) that we couldn’t move it IV PHRASES/ CLAUSES OF REASON (Cụm từ / Mệnh đề lý do) PHRASES OF REASON - Cụm từ lý Because of Noun Owing to + Pronoun Due to V-ing phrases Ex We didn’t go out due to/ because of the cold weather CLAUSES OF REASON - Mệnh đề lý Because/Since/As + S + V (Because / Since / As / Seeing that / For / In that / In as much as / Now (that) = because of the fact that) +S+V Ex Since/ Because it was too dark, we camped there V PHRASES / CLAUSES OF CONCESSION (Mệnh đề / Cụm từ nhượng bộ) PHRASES OF CONCESSION - Cụm từ nhượng Noun In spite of + Pronoun Despite V-ing phrase Ex Despite the danger, Kitty wanted to report on the war CLAUSES OF CONCESSION - Mệnh đề nhượng 2.1 Although, though, even though (có thể đứng trước/sau mệnh đề chính) Although / Though / Even though = Inspite of the fact that + S1 + V1, S2 + V2… = Despite the fact that Ex Although it rained heavily, they went for * Cấu trúc từ Although / Though / Even though thành a picnic Despite/ In spite of + S2 + V2 … = Inspite of the fact that it rained heavily, they went for a picnic Despite the heavy rain, they went for a picnic Note: Khi mệnh đề nhượng & mệnh đề có chủ ngữ, ta bỏ chủ ngữ động từ “Be” mệnh đề nhượng Ex (Al)though (she was) a disabled girl, she was confident 2.2 No matter, whatever (cho dù, bất kể): (luôn đứng trước mệnh đề chính) No matter + what/ who/ when / where / why / how (adj/adv) + S + V Whatever (+N)/ whoever/whenever/ wherever/however(+Adj)+ S + V => Despite In spite of V_ing N_Phrase https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 116 9th grade synthesized English grammar Ex No matter who you are, I still love you VI AS IF/ AS THOUGH/ IT’S (HIGH)TIME / WOULD RATHER AS IF/ AS THOUGH: (như thể là): 1.1 Diễn tả một người/vật trông nào, xảy (thường với động từ: Look, sound, feel) Ex I feel as if I am dying 1.2 Diễn tả một điều thật S + V + as if / as though + S + V2/-ed Ex He talks as if he knew everything IT’S (HIGH) TIME: (đã đến lúc) It’s (high) time + S + V2/-ed (be => were) + (for O) + to Vinf Ex It’s time we went home / It’s time for us to go home WOULD RATHER: (thà…hơn là) Hiện tại: S + would rather (not) + bare–inf (+than + bare–inf) Ex I would rather stay at home (than go out with you) Quá khứ: S + would rather (not) + have + V3/-ed (+than + bare–inf) Ex Tom would rather have gone fishing than skiing last week Mong muốn HT/TL: S1 + would rather (that) + S2 + V2/-ed (nhưng không xảy ra) Ex I would rather you went home Mong muốn QK: S1 + would rather (that) + S2 + had + V3/-ed (nhưng không xảy ra) Ex I would rather you hadn’t left yesterday XVI So, Too, Neither, Either Too, so (dùng cho câu mang nghĩa khẳng định) - Too dùng cuối câu Ex: John: I hate mushrooms Me: I too (I also hate mushrooms) - So đứng đầu câu phải mượn trợ động từ phù hợp liền sau Trợ động từ đứng liền trước chủ ngữ Ex: John: I hate mushrooms Me: So I (I also hate mushrooms) Either, Neither (dùng cho câu mang nghĩa phủ định) - Either đứng cuối câu Ex: Lucy: I don't live in London Me: I don't either (I also don't live in London) - Neither đứng đầu câu, mượn trợ động từ Trợ động từ đứng liền sau neither liền trước chủ ngữ Ex: Lucy: I don't live in London Me: Neither I (I also don't live in London) https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 117 9th grade synthesized English grammar XVIII Conjunctions (Liên Từ) Định nghĩa liên từ Liên từ từ dùng để nối từ loại, cụm từ hay mệnh đề câu Phân loại liên từ 2.1 Liên từ kết hợp - Liên từ kết hợp dùng để nối từ, cụm từ loại mệnh đề ngang hàng (tính từ với tính từ, danh từ với danh từ …) - Các liên từ kết hợp là: And (và) I love trees and flowers (Tôi yêu hoa.) But (nhưng) She is very rich but mean (Cơ giàu keo kiệt.) So (vì vậy) She works hard, so she deserves it (Cô làm việc chăm xứng đáng điều đó.) Nor (cũng khơng) I don’t like banana nor orange (Tơi khơng thích chuối mà khơng thích cam.) Or (hoặc) You can go there by bike or by bus (Bạn đến xe đạp xe buýt.) Yet (tuy nhiên) She said she didn’t love him, yet he still loved her (Cơ nói không yêu nhiên u ấy.) For (vì) She cannot go shopping, for it is raining (Cơ khơng thể ngồi mua sắm trời mưa.) * Lưu ý: Khi liên từ nối hai mệnh đề một câu, ta cần thêm dấu phẩy (,) sau mệnh đề thứ trước liên từ He loves watching films, but his mother hates it (Anh thích xem phim mẹ ghét.) 2.2 Tương liên từ - Mợt vài liên từ thường kết hợp với từ khác để tạo thành tương liên từ Chúng thường sử dụng theo cặp để liên kết cụm từ mệnh đề có chức tương đương mặt ngữ pháp - Các tương liên từ : Not only … but also I like playing not only volleyball but also basketball (Tơi thích chơi khơng Khơng … mà cịn bóng chuyền mà bóng rổ nữa.) Not but The winner is not Tom but Peter (Người chiến thằng Tom mà mà là Peter As as She is as beautiful as her mother (Cô đẹp mẹ cô ấy.) Both ….and Both my parents and I like travelling (Cả bố mẹ tơi tơi thích du … lịch.) Either … or I want either a sandwich or a pizza (Tôi muốn sandwich hoặc ….hoặc pizza.) Neither ….nor He drinks neither wine nor beer (Anh không uống rượu không https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 118 9th grade synthesized English grammar không ….cũng không Whether ….Or liệu có ….hay khơng No sooner ….than vừa ….thì Hardly/Scarcely ….when vừa mới….thì uống bia.) I haven’t decided whether to go abroad to study or stay at home (Tơi chưa định có học nước hay nhà.) No sooner had they gone out than it rained heavily (Họ vừa ngồi trời mưa.) Hardly/Scarcely had I received the bachelor degree when I was employed (Tôi vừa nhận đại học tơi tuyển dụng.) 2.3 Liên từ phụ thuộc - Liên từ phụ thuộc dùng để kết nối từ, cụm từ mệnh đề có chức khác - mệnh đề phụ với mệnh đề câu - Liên từ phụ tḥc thường đứng đầu mệnh đề phụ thuộc 2.3.1 Liên từ thời gian - Các liên từ thời gian là: Once Once you understand this problem, you will find no difficulty (Một khi) (Một bạn hiểu vấn đề này, bạn khơng thấy khó nữa.) When When she comes back, she will buy food (Khi) (Khi cô về, cô mua thức ăn.) As soon as As soon as I finish the homework, I will go to sleep (Ngay sau khi) (Ngay sau làm xong tập, ngủ.) While While I was in China, I went out a lot (Khi/Trong khi) (Khi Trung Quốc, chơi nhiều.) By the time By the time I came home, everyone had slept (Tính lúc) (Khi tơi tới nhà, người ngủ hết rồi.) As Someone called me as I was taking a bath (Khi) (Ai gọi tơi tơi tắm.) Since I have lived here since I was 10 years old (Từ khi) (Tôi sống từ 10 tuổi.) Before She had known the truth before I told her (Trước khi) (Cô biết thật trước tơi nói cho ấy.) After He came after the train had left (Sau khi) (Anh tới sau chuyến tàu rời đi.) Till/Until I will stay here till/until he comes back (Cho tới khi) (Tôi lại anh quay lại.) During +N/V-ing During my stay, I find him very naughty (Trong suôt) (Trong suốt thời gian đây, thấy thằng bé nghịch.) Just as Just as he entered the house, he saw a thief (Ngay khi) (Ngay bước vào nhà, nhìn thấy tên trộm.) Whenever Whenever you are free, we will practice speaking English (Bất nào) (Bất bạn rảnh, thực hành nói Tiếng Anh.) No sooner ….than … No sooner had she gone out than he came (Vừa mới… đã…) (Cơ vừa ngồi tới.) Hardly/Scarcely…when … Hardly/Scarcely had she had a shower when the phone rang (Vừa …thì đã…) (Cơ vừa tắm điện thoại reo.) 2.3.2 Liên từ nơi chốn https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 119 9th grade synthesized English grammar Where (Ở đâu) I don’t know where she lives (Tôi cô sống đâu.) Anywhere I can go anywhere you like (Bất đâu) (Tơi tới nơi bạn muốn.) Wherever You can sit wherever you like (Bất đâu) (Bạn ngồi chỗ bạn thích.) 2.3.3 Liên từ cách thức - As/ Just as: là/ giống Ví dụ: He loves flowers as/just as women love (Anh thích hoa phụ nữ thích hoa vậy.) - As if/As though: thể Ví dụ: He dresses as if/as though it were in winter even in the summer (Anh ta mặc mùa đông dù mùa hè.) 2.3.4 Liên từ lý - Because/Since/As: - Now that/ In that/Seeing that + S+V : - For: Ví dụ: - Now that I am in a foreign country, I visit my home once a year (Vì tơi nước ngồi, tơi thăm nhà năm lần.) - Because/since/as he is tired, he stays at home (Vì anh mệt, anh nhà.) - They cannot go out, for it rains heavily (Họ khơng thể ngồi trời mưa to.) + Ngồi ra, ta cịn có liên từ có cách diễn đạt khác như: - Because of/ Due to/ On account of + V-ing/N: Ví dụ: - Because of being tired, he didn’t go to the school (Vì bị mệt, không học.) - On account of a storm, the show is postponed (Vì có bão, chương trình bị hỗn lại.) 2.3.5 Liên từ kết - So + Adj/Adv + that: ……đến nỗi mà So + many/much/ (a) few/(a) little + N + that: Ví dụ: - He is so intelligent that he can all the difficult exercises.(Anh giỏi tới mức mà anh làm tất tập khó.) - There are so many students that there are not enough chairs (Có nhiều học sinh tới mức mà khơng có đủ ghế để ngồi.) - Such + (a/an) + Adj + N + that: ….đến nỗi mà It was such a cold day that I just want to stay at home (Trời lạnh mà tơi muốn nhà.) - So: I don’t have any money, so I cannot buy a television (Tơi khơng có tiền tơi khơng thể mua ti vi.) Một số trạng từ liên kết hay dùng với nghĩa tương tự: - Therefore/Consequently/As a result/ As a consequence/ With the result that: I got up late, with the result that I missed my bus (Tơi dậy muộn tơi bị lỡ xe buýt.) 2.3.6 Liên từ mục đích - So that/ In order that: https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 120 9th grade synthesized English grammar He learns English so that he can get a better job (Anh học Tiếng Anh để anh kiếm cơng việc tốt.) Lưu ý: Ngồi ta cịn dùng cấu trúc So as (not) to / In order (not) to/ (not) to + V He works hard so that he can buy a new house = He works hard so as to/in order to/to buy a new house (Anh làm việc chăm để anh mua ngơi nhà mới.) 2.3.7 Liên từ nhượng - Though/Even though/ Although + S + V: Although he is tired, he goes to work (Mặc dù anh mệt, anh làm.) Although she is a beautiful girl, no one loves her (Mặc dù cô xinh, không yêu cô ấy.) - In spite of/Despite + Ving/N: In spite of his broken leg, he goes out (Mặc dù chân anh bị gãy, anh chơi.) Despite raining, they play soccer (Mặc dù trời mưa, họ đá bóng.) 2.3.8 Liên từ tương phản -While/ Whereas: Many people like meat, while/whereas others not (Có nhiều người thích thịt lợn nhiều người lại không.) 2.3.9 Liên từ so sánh - as….as: giống She sings as beautifully as her mother (Cô hát hay mẹ cô ấy.) - than: so với He runs faster than his friend (Anh chạy nhanh bạn anh ấy) This watch is more expensive than that one (Chiếc đồng hồ đắt đồng hồ kia.) Chú ý: Ngồi liên từ, dùng trạng từ liên kết để nối mệnh đề với nhau: - Besides: bên cạnh - Consequently: - Furthermore/Moreover: nữa, - Hence: - However/nevertheless/yet: nhiên - Therefore/thus: - On the other hand: mặt khác She's not only beautiful _ intelligent a but also b but c however d yet I was very tired, I determined to walk on to the next village a therefore b however c and d or You can come here either on Monday on Friday a or b nor c both d and He had to act immediately; he would have been too late a consequently b nevertheless c still d otherwise They said both he _ I were to come a and b but c or d so https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 121 9th grade synthesized English grammar 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 The weather in Dalat is neither too hot in summer too cold in winter a or b nor c or else d otherwise Jane is beautiful and intelligent a too b so c both d moreover Jane is beautiful and intelligent; she's very kind a moreover b however c for all that d on the other hand He never works _ he gains all the prizes a furthermore b whereas c but d accordingly The sun is shining and there are very few clouds; _, I am sure it is going to rain a what's more b hence c thus d nevertheless Bill is in class 12, _ John, who is a year older, is only in class a and b whereas c either d nevertheless You must leave at once, you miss the train a however b yet c still d otherwise You need to get some job retraining _ it, you risk being laid off a If so b If not c With d Without Could I have rice _ potatoes, please? a but b but also c instead d instead of _His denial, we knew that he was guilty a Despite b In spite c Because d And John's family is very happy _his being a warded a scholarship a because of b if c either d nor Graphite is a soft, slippery solid that is a good conductor of _ hear and electricity a not just b and c both d moreover The lecture was _ interesting and instructive a as b either c neither d both Both Mary and Allen _Jean are going on the tour a as well b as well as c nor d but He likes travel, and _ does she a too b such c so d but Exercise I'm worried about it, and he is _ a too b also c but also d a or b He borrowed money _ he could finish his education a that b so that c such as d too The temperature drops _ the sun sets a while b for c because d when Some birds cannot fly well, _, the chicken has wings, but its flying muscles are not strong enough to be useful a for example b for instance c such as d a or b The missing piece is small, _ nevertheless important a or b but c and d so I'm very homesick _ a student a broad a as b while c because of d due to Just _ he died, my friend who wrote poetry published his first book a but b either c and d before https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 122 9th grade synthesized English grammar Blindfish, which spend their whole lives in caves, have _ eyes nor body pigments a not any b either c nor d without _their small size, the cameras take good pictures a In spite of b Despite of c Because d And 10 She could not decide _ to drive _ to jump into water a both/ or b not only/ but also c either/ or d whether/ or 11 Flying is not only faster, _ safer than traveling by car a also b so c and d but also 12 Beth can play the guitar _ the violin a also b so c but also d and 13 _his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman a Although b In spite of c Despite d b or c 14 I like bananas, _ my brother doesn’t a because b and c but d even though 15 Glucose does not have to be digested, _ it can be put directly into the bloodstream a so b while c and since d such 16 _few species that live on the ground, most monkeys live in tress a There are b A c All but d Except for 17 She closed the door _ left for the city a and b but c or d therefore 18 The mail comes at ten o'clock every day _ Sunday a except b although c or d and 19 We need wither a nail _ a screw to hang this picture a and b or c both d but 20 You had better come yourself _ send a friend a either b neither c or else d while Exercise We should be firm _ patient in this case a and b or c in stead of d rather _ food we eat lacks minerals, then the body an use the stores from its bones for more urgent needs a As the b If the c The d Since It sounds like something wrong with the car's engine _, we'd better take it to the garage immediately a Otherwise b Without it c If not d If so We didn't go to Paris We went to Rome _ a also b but also c instead d instead of No one _ Kathy knows very much about it a and b as c but d however Some birds, _ robins and cardinals, spend their winter in the North a as b such as c and d likely Galaxies are composed of millions of individual stars _ are so far away that they appear as single pints of light a but they b they c in spite of d contrary Internet is a very fast _ convenient way for us to get information a and b or c therefore d but It's raining, _ I can't go to the beach https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 123 9th grade synthesized English grammar 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 a so b or c but d and An effective paragraph must _ be unified and ordered but also complete a in addition b either c not only d as well _ his poor English, he managed to communicate his problem very clearly a Although b Even though c though d In spite of He is saving _ he can go on vacation a so that b so c unless d that The flight was canceled _ the weather conditions were bad a because of b due to the fact that c thanks d that Pheasants spend most of their time on the ground, _ many species perch in trees at night a as well as b in spite of c because d although Natural fiber comes from _ animal or plant a either b otherwise c or d thus _ Marge, three couples are invited a Addition b Besides c Next d Moreover All of the students _ the seniors will receive their grades in two weeks a but b except c and d a or b It was still painful, _ I went to see a doctor a but b or c so d however _ pipelines are expensive to build, they are relatively cheap to operate and maintain a Because b That c Although d Despite He felt ill _ he went to bed early a and b but c or d so Exercise The examination was very difficult, _ very few were able to pass a consequently b as well as c on the hand d whereas We know _ him and his wife a either b neither c both d as well You can send letters from Hongkong _ by Suez or by Canada a either b neither c both d as well There as no one there; _ I went away a and b but c or d so He was very young and had no experience of that type of work he was not given the post a and b but c or d therefore He has to pay a fine of $10, _ he had to spend 10 days in prison a or else b while c whereas d however He is very cleaver and wins all the prizes _ his brother never seems to know a thing a and b while c therefore d or You must tell him where you are going _ when you will be back a and both b and as well c and also d and too He was the best in class at Maths and English; _ he was the best footballer in the school a moreover b however c or d so 10 Geography is a very interesting subject; _ very few people study it thoroughly a and b however c or d so 11 It was very wet _ I decided not to go a and b but c or d so https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 124 9th grade synthesized English grammar 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 He is very fond of music _ reading a as b as well c as well as d as good as I told him to come at three _ to bring his wife with him a also b and also c so d too Our opponents have e very good team; _ there is no need for us to lose hope a and b therefore c moreover d however I'll offer it to Tom _, he may not want it a Even though b As c When d However There is fog at Heathrow; the plane, _, has been diverted a otherwise b so c therefore d or He says he will pay; I don't think he will, _ a though b even though c in case d but They are ugly and expensive, _ people buy them a Already b Yet c Thus d Hence You aren't rich; _, you could something to help him a yet b still c for d but _ the severe weather conditions all the cars completed the course a In spite b Despite c However d Yet Exercise _ we lived in town, we often went to the theater a After b When c For d Or He took the food eagerly, _ he had eaten nothing since dawn a if b in case c but d for _ the sun rose, the fog dispersed a As b When c Before d After _ a married man, he has to think of his family a If b As c or d so Tired _ he was, he offered to carry her a as b though c Although d however Some people waste food _ others don't have enough a as b in case c while d before _ she came to know him better, she relied on him more a While b Because of c Though d As _ I sympathize with your point of view, I cannot accept it a While b Although c But d a or b How can you expect your children to be truthful _ you yourself tell lies? a when b therefore c because d since 10 Strong _ he was, he couldn't lift it a like b as c or d and 11 He stole, not _ he wanted the money, _ because he liked stealing a for/ but b because/ but c although/ however d because/ and 12 Not everybody thinks the building is ugly _, some people say it looks marvelous a On the contrary b Because c Although d Since 13 Business has been very bad this year _, we have had to close one of our factories a consequently b as a result c but d a or b https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 125 9th grade synthesized English grammar 14 Take a map with you _ you lose your way a if b in case c so that d so 15 The play was very boring, _ they walked out a so b if c when d while 16 She'll only the job _ you pay he more a unless b after c if d as 17 He hasn't written to us _ he left a when b for c because d since 18 I never take and umbrella _ it's raining heavily a unless b if c otherwise d or 19 He got a new alarm clock _ he'd get up on time a because b and c so that d so 20 He agreed to go climbing _ he hated heights a despite b in spite of c so d although Exercise We decided not to go out for a meal _ we were simply too tired a but b if c because d unless Have you really go not money _ the fact that you've had a part time job this term? a although b in spite of c because of d in case We've been thinking about nothing else _ we bought our plane tickets a until b since c so d after I'd go way somewhere _ I could afford to a if b in case c as d but Wicky and I will be off to France _ this term is over a for b as c as soon as d in spite of We took lots of photos We videoed the speeches _ a but also b however c as well d in addition We're going to buy a special ticket _ we can go anywhere we like on the way a as if b since c in order d so that I'm not sure a thank you letter is really necessary _, I can't be bothered to write one a And b or c As d Anyway It was a terrible journey _, we got there safely in the end a Still b Besides c Moreover d If 10 It's a lovely day, isn't it? Yes, beautiful _ have you seen John? a However b by the way c But d nevertheless 11 I couldn't unlock it _ I had the wrong key a when b while c so as d because 12 He had to take photos of the places he visits _, he's writing a report of his journey a In addition b Because c However d And 13 He thought the talk was fascinating His friend, _ fell asleep halfway through it a although b nevertheless c however d b or c 14 Olivia booked a babysitter _ she could go our for the evening a so that b but c so d hence 15 _ we had got ton the plane, it started to rain a If b While c Before d As soon as 16 Jane has a computer, _ she doesn't use it a and b since c but d in spite of https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 126 9th grade synthesized English grammar 17 18 19 20 It was cloudy _, the photos came out very bad a Result b As a result c However d But You should bring an umbrella _ it rains a if b unless c in case d because of Mark heard the news on the radio _ he was driving home a while b as c until d a or b Everyone thought she would accept the offer _, she turned it down a However b So c Too d Moreover Exercise 1a 2b 11b 12d 3a 13d 4d 14d 5a 15a 6b 16a 7a 17c 8a 18d 9c 19b 10d 20c Exercise 1a 2b 11d 12d 3d 13d 4d 14c 5b 15a 6b 16d 7d 17a 8b 18a 9a 19b 10d 20c Exercise 1c 2b 11d 12a 3d 13b 4c 14d 5c 15a 6b 16b 7a 17d 8a 18c 9a 19c 10c 20d Exercise 1a 2c 11d 12c 3a 13b 4d 14d 5d 15d 6a 16c 7b 17a 8c 18b 9a 19b 10b 20b Exercise 1b 2d 11b 12a 3a 13d 4b 14b 5a 15a 6c 16c 7d 17d 8d 18a 9a 19c 10b 20d Exercise 1c 2b 11d 12a 3b 13d 4a 14a 5c 15d 6c 16c 7d 17b 8d 18c 9a 19d 10b 20a https://www.facebook.com/hoanganh.098.nhna English grammar grade 9 127 ... Chủ ngữ + Đợng từ chia đơn + Bổ ngữ, Chủ ngữ + WILL + Động từ giữ nguyên + Bổ ngữ (nếu có) Ở câu điều kiện loại 1, mệnh đề IF dùng đơn, mệnh đề dùng tương lai đơn • Chủ ngữ chủ ngữ trùng Bổ ngữ. .. “Will you help me, please?” he asked (“Bạn giúp chứ?” Anh hỏi.) => He asked me to help him (Anh yêu cầu giúp anh ấy.) English grammar grade 9? ?? 39 9th grade synthesized English grammar “Will you lend... biết - Yesterday, ago, last (night, week, month, year ), from… to - In + năm khứ (vd: in 199 5, 199 9), in the old days * Chú ý : Chủ từ + động từ khứ When + q khứ đơn (simple past) When+ hành