Idiomatic Expressions: C ụm thành ngữ... lose touch with.[r]
(1)Word study
A. Word formations I Noun formations 1 N = V + suffixes
a tion/ ation(sự…)
Ex: to conserve conservation To preserve preservation To prevent prevention To combine combination b ment(sự…)
Ex: to develop development To achieve achievement To employ employment To disappoint disappointment c er(người/vật hành động) Ex: to fertilize fertilizer
To doer To teach teacher To work worker d or(người/vật hđ) Ex: to act actor
To instruct instructor To despite depositor e ant(người…)
Ex: to apply applicant To account accountant To assist assistant To contest contestant f ing(việc…, nghề…) Ex: to teach teaching
To dirty dirtying To poison poisoning g age(sự…)
Ex: to drain drainage
2 N = N + suffixes
a ship
Ex: friend friendship Scholar scholarship Neighbour neighbourship b ism(chủ nghĩa, học thuyết) Ex: capital capitalism
Hero heroism Critic criticism Marx – Marxism
3 N = Adj + suffixes
2 Adj = V + suffixes
a. ive(có tính chất) Ex: act active
Progress progressive Abort abortive
Attract attractive b. able(có thể)
Ex: accept acceptable Count countable Achieve achievable Agree agreeable
3 Adj = suffixes + Adj (nghĩa phủ định)
a un (không)
ex: happy unhappy
fortunate unfortunate lucky unlucky
forgettable unforgettable b in (không)
ex: direct indirect
convenient inconvenient dependent independent formal informal
c im (không
ex: patient impatient
possible impossible mature immature perfect imperfect d ir (không
ex: regular irregular religious irreligious removable irremovable rational irrational e il (không
ex: legal illegal logical illogical literate illiterate
4 Adj = prefixes + adj
a super (quá, siêu)
human superhuman natural supernatural sonic supersonic
(2)a Adj + ity N
Ex: possible possibility Able ability
Responsible responsibility Special speciality
Real reality
National nationality b Adj + ism N
Ex: racial racialism Social socialism Feudal feudalism c Adj + ness N Ex: rich richness
Happy happiness Sad sadness Cold coldness
4 N = prefixes + N
a super (cao, siêu, giỏi) Ex: man superman
Market supermarket Structure superstructure b Under (ở dưới)
Ex: achievement underachievement Growth undergrowth
Clothes underclothes Pass underpass Ground underground c Sur (ở trên, bề ngoài) Ex: face surface
Name surname Plus surplus d Sub (ở dưới, phụ) Ex: way subway
Continent subcontinent Committee subcommittee
5 Borrowing words
Ex: datum(sing) data(pl) Phenomenon phenomena Criterion criteria
*Note: a child children A man men
A woman women
A person people/ persons Compound nouns
II Adjective formations
developed underdeveloped done underdone
c over (quá…)
ex: anxious overanxious confident overconfident bearing overbearing joyed overjoyed d sub (ở dưới)
ex: conscious subconscious human subhuman
5 Adj = well/ ill + PP
Ex: well-prepared well-known well-done ill-prepared ill-bred Ill-judge 6 compound Adjs a Adj + Adj
dark-blue red-hot b N + Adj
snow-white knee-deep pitch-dark c N + PP
Man-made Home-made Fur-lined Long-haired Blue-eyed d Adv/Adj + V-ing
Good-looking Bad-looking Ill-smelling Slow-moving Fast-running e Adv + pp
Well-educated Newly-born Ill-founded Ill-bred Well-built
(3)1 Adj = N + suffixes
a ful(đầy)
Ex: harm harmful Success successful Hope hopeful Help helpful b less(khơng có) Ex: child childless
Tree treeless Home homeless c ly(có vẻ, có tính cách,
hang(giờ,năm )) Ex: man manly
Brother brotherly World worldly Hour hourly Year yearly Day daily d like(giống như) Ex: child childlike
God godlike Life lifelike e y(nhiều, đầy) Ex: rain rainy
Snow snowy Dust dusty Wind windy Sand sandy Health healthy Fog foggy f ish(theo cách của) Ex: fool foolish Self selfish Child childish g al(thuộc về) Ex; magic magical
Agriculture agricultural Industry industrial Nature natural h ous
Ex: poison poisonous Nerve nervous Danger dangerous Fame famous
1 out ( intransitive verbs transitive verbs): tốt hơn, nhanh hơn, dài hơn
grow outgrow live outlive run outrun weigh outweigh number outnumber 2 en (bỏ vào, làm cho, gây ra)
danger endanger case encase rich enrich large enlarge close enclose act enact force enforce 3 over (quá…)
act overact take overtake work overwork throw overthrow 4 under (ở dưới)
study understudy write underwrite sell undersell
charge undercharge go undergo
5 super (siêu, quá)
charge supercharge intend superintend impose superimpose
IV Adverb formation Adv = Adv + ly
Beautiful beautifully Careful carefully Careless carelessly
* good well
ill ill late late hard hard fast fast ………
(4)VERB + NOUN (PHRASE) + PREPOSITION
1 catch sight of 2 give place to 3 give way to
4 keep pace/up with 5 lose sight of
6 make allowance for 7 make fun of
8 make a fuss over/ about 9 make room for
10. make use of
11. lose touch with
12. lose track of
13. put a stop to
14. take account of
15. take care of
16. take notice of
17. pay attention to
18. put an end to
19. set fire to
20. take advantage of
21. take note of
22. take leave of
23. give birth to
24. make a contribution to
25. keep correspondence to
26. show affection for
27. feel pity for/ take (have) pity on
28. feel regret for
29. feel sympathy for
30. make a decision on/ make up one’s mind
31. make complaint about
32. feel shame at
33. have a loot at
34. get victory over
35. play an influence over
36. have faith in
37. take interest in
: bắt gặp : nhường chỗ
: nhượng bộ, chụi thua : sánh kịp, bắt kịp : hút
: chiếu cố đến : chế nhạo
: làm rối tung lên, làm om sòm : dọn chỗ cho
: dung, sử dụng : liên lạc : dấu : làm ngừng lại : để ý đến : chăm sóc : lưu ý : ý đến : kết thúc
: làm cháy, thiêu : lợi dụng
: để ý : từ biệt : sinh : góp phần : lien lạc thư từ : có cảm tình : thương xót : hối tiếc, ân hận : thong cảm : định
: kêu ca phàn nàn : xấu hổ
: nhìn ngắm : chiến thắng : có ảnh hưởng : tin tưởng
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