CHUYÊN đề NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH ôn THI vào lớp 10

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO THANH HÓA TRƯỜNG THSC QUẢNG PHÚ CHUYÊN ĐỀ NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH ÔN THI VÀO LỚP 10 Teacher: Phạm thị Oanh CÁCH SỬ DỤNG CÁC THÌ TIẾNG ANH Tenses Present simple Form Adverb Always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly, rarely, never,… - Every + time - Sau until/ as soon as Notes Nguyên tắc thêm “es” sau V (S: he, she, it) N ( số nhiều) - Từ tận / sh/ch/s/ss/x/ thêm “es” eg: watch/watches, mix/ mixes - Từ tận phụ âm + y: đổi y thành i, thêm “es” Eg: study/ studies, cry/ cries - Lưu ý: do/ does, go/ goes, tomato/ tomatoes, potato/ potatoes Nhưng: kilo/ kilos Now, at the - Diễn tả việc moment, at xảy thời present, right điểm nói now,today, this - Diễn tả việc + time … xảy không thiết Note: Những V thời điểm nói cảm giác, Example: - Diễn tả hai hay nhiều cảm xúc không - We are studying English hành động dùng now xảy lúc tiếp diễn: - they are building a super love, like, hate, market near my house - Lưu ý: ta dùng smell, feel,… - At present Lam is “always” listening to the teacher, để nhấn mạnh, phê An is writing a letter and bình, trích Kien is chatting merrily hành động tiêu cực, - She is always talking không tốt loudly in the class Nguyên tắc thêm “ing” vào sau V: - V tận “e” bỏ “e” trước thêm “ing” Eg: write/ writing, ride/ riding - V tận “ee”, giữ nguyên thêm “ing” Eg: see/ seeing, agree/ agreeing - V tận “ie”, đổi “ie” thành “y” trước thêm “ing” Eg: die/ dying, lie/ lying - V phụ âmngun âm- phụ âm, gấp đơi phụ âm cuối trước thêm “ing” Eg: stop/ stopping, rob/ robbing, plan/ planning - V có hai âm tiết, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, gấp đơi phụ âm cuối trước thêm “ing”  To be: S + is/ am/ are + O  V: (+) S + V(s/es) + O (-) S + don’t/ doesn’t + V+O (?) Do/ Does + S + V + O? Example: - Two and two is/ are four - He usually gets up at o’clock - My cousin doesn’t love collecting stamps - There is a ten-hour train every day in Long Bien railway Station Present (+) S + is/am/are + V-ing continuou + O s (-) S + is/am/are + not + V-ing + O (?) Is/ Am/ Are + S + Ving + O Use - Diễn tả thật hiển nhiên, chân lý - Diễn tả việc thường xảy - Diễn tả thói quen, sở thích, tập quán hay đặc tính - Dùng lịch trình tàu xe, thời khóa biểu/ gian biểu Eg: begin/ beginning, prefer/ preferring, regret/ regretting, permit/ permitting - V tận “l”, ta thường gấp đôi “ll” trước thêm “ing” Eg: travel/ travelling, cancel/ cancelling - V tận “ic”, ta thêm “k” trước thêm “ing” Eg: picnic/ picnicking, traffic/ trafficking Present perfect (+) S + have/has + P2 + O (-) S + have/has + P2 + O (?) Have/ Has + S + P2 +O? Example: - He has just repaired the TV set He is washing his hand now - Mai has learnt/ learned English for 10 years Present (+) S + have/has + been perfect + V-ing + O continuou (-) S + have/ has + not + s been + V-ing + O (?) Have/ Has + S + been + V-ing + O? Past simple Example: - I have been walking since early morning I am very tired now To be: S + was/ were + O V: (+) S + V-ed + O (-) S + didn’t + V + O (?) Did + S + V + O? Example: - It was very hot yesterday - My family went to Da Lat last summer holiday - It was midnight He closed the window, turned - Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ liên quan đến - Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ, kéo dài đến tiếp tục tương lai For, since, just, already, yet, recently, for a long time, for ages, ever, never,up to now, up to present, - In the last + time (month/ year ) - Nhấn mạnh hành Since, for, for a động xảy long time, for khứ, kéo dài đến ages,… tiếp tục tương lai - Ago, last, - Diễn tả hành yesterday, in/ động xảy on + time in the khứ kết thúc, past,… khơng cịn liên quan đến - Diễn tả loạt hành động nối tiếp khứ Nguyên tắc thêm “ed” vào sau động từ ( có quy tắc): - V tận “e”, giữ nguyên “e” thêm “d” Eg: tie/ tied, smoke/ smoked, hope/ hoped - V có phụ âmnguyên âm- phụ âm, ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trước thêm “ed” Eg: stop/ stopped, off the light and then went to bed Past (+) S + was/were + V-ing continuou + O s (-) S + was/ were + not + V-ing + O (?) Were/ Was + S + Ving +O? rob/ robbed - V có hai âm tiết, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trước thêm “ed” Eg: prefer/ preferred, regret/ regretted - V tận “l”, ta thường gấp đôi “ll” trước thêm “ed” Eg: travel/ travelled, cancel/ cancelled - V tận phụ âm + y, đổi y thành i, thêm “ed” Eg: study/ studied, cry/ cried - V tận “ic”, ta thêm “k” trước thêm “ed” Eg: picnic/ picnicked, traffic/ trafficked - Diễn tả (những) hành động xảy thời điểm xác định khứ - Diễn tả hành động xảy có hành động khác xen vào Example: - At pm yesterday, I was going out with my friends - While Tom Cat was sleeping, Jerry Mouse appeared and took a piece of cheese away Past (+) S + had + P2 + O - Diễn tả hành perfect (-) S + hadn’t + P2 + O động xảy trước (?) Had + S + P2 + O? hành động khác khứ Example: - Diễn tả hành - When Henry came last động xảy trước Sunday, Ann had left for thời điểm Paris khứ - This hospital had been built for children before 1985 Past (+) S + had + been + V- Nhấn mạnh hành perfect ing + O động xảy trước continuou (-) S + hadn’t + been+ hành động khác/ - Ago, last, at/ in/ on + time in the past,… - when, while - Ago, last, at/ in/ on + time in the past,… - when, while, before, after - Ago, last, at/ in/ on + time in the past,… s Simple future V-ing +O (?) Had + S+ been + Ving + O? Example: - She had been waiting for you for nearly three hours before you were present (+) S + will/ shall + V + O (-) S + will/ shall + not + V+O (?) Will/ Shall + S + V + O? Example: - It is raining cats and dogs, I will stay here till it clears up - I will help you when you have trouble - Will you stop talking please? Near S + is/am/are + going to future +V+O S + is/am/are +V-ing + O Example: - We are going to Finish this course on August - There are many black clouds in the sky It is going to rain - I am studying Chinese next year Future (+) S + will+ be + V-ing continuou + O s (-) S + will/ shall + not + be + V-ing + O (?) Will/ Shall + S + be + V-ing + O? Future perfect Example: - At am tomorrow, we will be attending a meeting - When he comes back, the children will be sleeping (+) S + will + have + P2 +O thời điểm - when, while khứ - Quyết định làm thời điểm nói ( khơng chắn xảy ra) - Lời hứa hẹn làm gì, ngỏ ý giúp ai,… - Yêu cầu làm cách lịch - Kế hoạch, dự định sẵn từ trước - Dự đoán việc chắn sớm xảy dựa vào tình Next, tomorrow, in/on + time in the future When+ SVs/es Next, tomorrow, in/on + time in the future When+ SVs/es Next, - Diễn tả/ dự đoán tomorrow, hành động xảy in/on + time in thời điểm the future tương lai When+ SVs/es Next, - Diễn tả hành tomorrow, - Động từ “come, go” không dùng cấu trúc Be + going to + V Example: I am going to come/go to Hanoi next month (-) S + will/ shall + not + have + P2 + O (?) Will/ Shall + S + have + P2 + O? Example: - When he returns, they will have built this bridge - By the end of this year, my parents will have got married for 50 years Future (+) S + will + have + perfect been + V-ing + O continuou (-) S + will/ shall + not + s have + been + V-ing + O (?) Will/ Shall + S + have been + V-ing + O? Example: - By June he will have been living here for 10 years động xảy trước in/on + time in thời điểm/ hành the future động tương lai When+ SVs/es - By + time in the future - Before Next, - Nhấn mạnh hành tomorrow, động xảy trước in/on + time in thời điểm/ hành the future động tương lai - When - By + time in the future - before Bài tập áp dụng I Choose the word or phrase that best complete the sentence (A, B, C, or D): John tennis once or twice a week A is playing usually B is usually playing C usually plays D plays usually Tom his hand when he was cooking dinner A burnt B was burning C has burnt D had burnt Jim is away on holiday He to Spain A is gone B have been C has been D was Everything is going well We any problems so far A didn’t have B don’t have C haven’t had D hadn’t had I think the weather be nice later A shall B will C is going to D can Jane just a few minutes ago A left B has left C leaves D had left Timson 13 films and I think her latest is the best A made B had made C has made D was making Robert lately ? A Did you see B Have you seen C Do you see D Are you seeing When I was a child, I the violin A was playing B am playing C played D play 10 He for the national team in 65 matches so far A has played B has been played C played D is playing 11 I’m busy at the moment I on the computer A work B worked C am working D working 12 When I looked round the door, the baby quietly A is sleeping B slept C was sleeping D were sleeping 13 Robert ill for three weeks He is still in hospital A had been B has been C is D was 14 I’m very tired I over four hundred miles today A drive B am driving C have drived D have driven 15 Our friends meet us at the airport tonight A are B are going to C go to D will be to 16 This isn’t my first time to visit London here before A I’m B I’d been C I was D I’ve been 17 What time to work this morning ? A did you get B are you getting C have you got D you get 18 When I him, the man was running away A see B was seeing C saw D had seen 19 I haven’t seen Kate Christmas A for B never C ever D since 20 He’s worked for this company many years A since B for C in D at 21 As soon as Martina saw the fire, she _ the fire department A was telephoning B telephoned C had telephoned D has telephoned 22 Every time Parkas sees a movie made in India, he _homesick A will have left B felt C feels D is feeling 23 Since I left Venezuela six years ago, I _to visit friends and family several times A return B will have returned C am returning D have returned 24 After the race _, the celebration began A had been won B is won C will be won D has been won 25 While he was washing his car, Mr Brown _a small dint in the rear fender A has discovered B was discovering C is discovering D discovered 26 The earth _ on the sun for its heat and light A is depended B depends C is depending D has depended 27 I’m busy at the moment _on the computer A I work B I’m worked C I’m working D I worked 28 At this time tomorrow _over the Atlantic A we’re flying B we’ll be flying C we’ll fly D we’re to fly 29 Our friends _next us at the airport tonight A are B are going to C go to D will be to 30 When I entered the room, everyone _ A has been dancing B was dancing C had danced D danced 31 He said that he _ his homework since o’clock A had done B did C has done D was doing 32 How long able to drive? - Since 1990 A could you B have you been C were you D are you 33 She won't get married until she 25 years old A is B will be C had been D was 34 This building used to be a library, _? A doesn't it B didn’t it C isn’t it D wasn’t it 35 Nobody was injured in the accident, ? A was there B was he C were they D wasn't it 36 Let's go out for a walk, ? A not us B don't we C we D shall we 37 Jane and I school in 1987 A finish B have finished C finishes D finished 38 John and Ann ……… married last Saturday A get B got C is getting D have got 39 His brother…………….high school years ago A finish B finished C finishes D has finished 40 We have been living here……… 1990 A for B from C since D during 41 Pasteur _ in the 19th century A was living B lived C had lived D has lived 42 .Now my sister _ a bicycle of her own A is having B are having C has D had 43 Don’t bother me while I ……………… A am working B was working C will work D will have completed 44 How since we school? A are you / left B will you be / had left C have you been / left D had you been/ had left 45 When he came A I was watching TV B I watched TV C I am watching TV D I have watched TV 46 The piano _ at the moment A repairs B repaired C is repaired D is being repaired 47 I saw Jack yesterday morning while I home from work A walked B was walking C am walking D had been walking 48 My brother out at weekend A doesn’t usually go B does usually not go C doesn’t usually goes D usually doesn’t goes 49 Everyday, my sister the floor A usually clean B cleans usually C usually cleaned D usually cleans 50 Your English …………wonderfully since last month A improved B was improved C have improved D has been improved 51 Anita very hard at the moment A is studying B studies C studied D has studied 52 He for London one year ago A left B has left C leaves D had left 53 She in Hue for twenty years A lives B has lived C lived D will live 54 I to the market with my mother yesterday A go B went C have gone D was going 55 How long you her? – For five months A do/know B are/knowing C have/known D had/known 56 I usually to school by bus A went B am going C go D have gone 57 Yesterday morning I up at 6.30 A got B get C was getting D had got 58 Please don’t make so much noise I A studying B study C am studying D studied 59 Water at 100 degrees Celsius 10 A punctual B rubbish C frustrate D furious A manage B sat C add D black 10 A plenty B marry C merry D heaven Exercise 5: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A climb B find C tin Do tiny A traffic B landscape C examination D park A boot B book C hook D foot A gather B father C hat D mariage A bus B bury C up D cut A head B heat C seat D need A wild B driven C alive D sign A penalty B scenic C epidemic D level A food B look C took D good 10 A nourish B flourish C courageous D southern Exercise 6: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A dealt B dreamt C heal D jealous A slogan B motor C total D proper A university B unique C unit D undo A portrait B painting C railing D complaint A review B science C client D variety A examine B famine C determine D miner A knowledge B flower C shower D coward A practice B device C service D inactive A teacher B clear C reason D mean 10 A complete B command C common D community Exercise 7: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A release B pleasure C leaver D creamy A too B good C soon D food A most B cost C coast D host A head R heat C seat D need A faithful B failure C fairly D fainted A course B court C coursing D courage A watch B want C bank D what A low B bow C know D slow A none B tomb C tongue D onion 10 A name B flame C man D fame Exercise 8: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A count B sound C found D mould A noon B tool C foot D spoon A bush B brush C bus D cup A dead B bead C thread D bread A soul B mould C foul D shoulder A says B bays C days D rays A too B food C soon D good 159 10 A butter A gear A reject B put B beard B regard C sugar C pear C represent D push D dear D religion Exercise 9: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A chooses B houses C rises A suit B seven C sugar A accurate B accept C accident A cat B ceiling C nice A think B thanks C that A happy B hour C high A who B where C what A off B of C safe A get B gentle C give 10 A chair B cheap C chemist D horses D sun D success D centre D three D hotel D why D knife D guest D child Exercise 10: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A whole B when C which D while A measure B decision C pleasure D permission A while B which C who D white A chorus B cherish C chaos D scholarship A honourable B honesty C historic D heir A research B resent C resemble D resist A decision B occasion C expansion D erosion A performed B finished C interviewed D delivered A theatre B therefore C throughout D thunder 10 A measure B leisure C ensure D pleasure Exercise 11: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A looked A gentle A church A pitch A page A sense B moved B get B each B watch B game B practise C tried C game C much C butcher C go C necessary D opened D gift D ache D architect D gift D advertise A chin B champagne C child D charge A measure B please C his D disease A practised B raised C rained D followed 10 A hour B honest C heir D hospital Exercise 12: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A characteristic A tiles A tension A laugh A thank A think B chapter B follows B precision B enough B thought B there C chaotic C letters C provision C plough C thin C theme 160 D archive D books D decision D cough D farther D thumb 10 A south A loose A exchange A ploughed B truth B lose B ache B fixed C smooth C cease C stomach C laughed D both D dose D architect D coughed Exercise 13: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A breath B breathe C thank D threat A beds B doors C students D plays A myth B with C both D tenth A cell B centre C city D cube A though B enough C cough D rough A kicked B blocked C naked D locked A breathe B breath C myth D thigh A cheese B choice C chord D chunk A worth B eighteenth C path D with 10 A likes B sighs C heaps D fuss exercise 14: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A government B glory C worry D wonder A promise B devise C surprise D realize A weight B height C eight D vein A hood B hook C stood D tool A natural B nature C native D nation A terrace B territory C terrific D terror A kite B blind C right D rigid A fond B off C follow D honey A pretty B level C lesson D length 10 A eight B weight C heighten D freight exercise 15: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A that B hat C park D taxi A bad B fan C catch D wash A worker B teacher C better D prefer A monk B boss C shop D got A tribe B distribute C triangle D trial A clown B cow C plough D tough A below B beverage C begin D beneath A south B brown C soup D house A comb B come C dome D home 10 A surgical B surround C surrender D survival Exercise 16: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words A opportunity B menu C aptitude D muscular A karate B hazard C glad D blanket A master B ask C aspect D castle A adult B husband C mutual D culture A bound B ground C bounce D cough A addition B adventure C advertise D advantage 161 10 A dealt A fame A nourish A use B dreamt B change B enough B umbrella C steal C champagne C courage C union D jealous D blame D encounter D unit BÀI TẬP VỀ TRỌNG ÂM Exercise 17: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A superman 10 B synthetic A forests B singing A promise B expensive A simultaneous B feedback A appropriate B emotional A before B arrive A incredible B humidity A begin B mountain A dinosaur B calendar A document B develop C conversion D professor C concerning C constructive C different C pronounce C imply C environment C kingdom C eternal C opponent D burning D original D errors D situation D countless D definition D passage D history D astonish Exercise 18: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A definition B production C situation D politician A photography B qualification C occasion D Canadian A ancient B edible C visual D delicious A conscious B speedometer C thermometer D parameter A sufficient B deficient C ancient D efficient A personal B entry C personnel D sample A temperature B decorator C calculator D individual A particular B subordinate C several D constructive A cultivate B machine C terminate D operate 10 A prediction B judgment C intelligent D compulsion Exercise 19: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A industry B memory C ambiguous D advertise A tunnel B nightmare C retain D thesis A rainfall B inquire C confide D machine A tableland B artistic C contribute D substantial A colony B maintaining C maintenance D credible A priority B relationship C enthusiastic D engineering A address B include C imply D common A urbanization B modernization C communication D unexpectedly A computation B unemployment C desirable D satisfaction 10 A associate B influential C accountancy D variety Exercise 20: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A committee B internal C involvement Do margarine A negative B pioneer C interchange D understand A relax B wonder C problem D special A imagine B confidence C appearance D discussion A sleepy B trophy C facial D exact A original B responsible C reasonable Do comparison 162 A authority B necessity C academic D commercially A emotional B simultaneous C astrology D applicable A reflection B division C industry D remember 10 A punctuality B recommendation C undergraduate D solidarity Exercise 21: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A orientation B electricity C disadvantageous D developmental A autobiography B responsibility C familiarization D availability A adventurous B petroleum C recovery D artificial A millennium B congratulate C corporation D evacuate A intensive B irritate C implement D enterprise A sacrifice B waterproof C attendant D literal A recruit B retail C answer D shortage A surface B profound C pursue D perform A conclusion B opponent C arrival D stadium 10 A popular B politics C exciting D origin Exercise 22: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A community B peninsula C participant D concentration A accuracy B individual C recreation D independence A accident B direction C factory D hospital A beginner B encounter C disappear D remember A ambulance B another C government D institute A attractive B laboratory C investigate D knowledgeable A capacity B language C dangerous D courage A delicate B promotion C volcanic D resources A disease B design C moustache D aspect 10 A material B apologize C disappointed D informative Exercise 23: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A exception B linguistics C paragraph D specific A authority B calculation C exceptional D photographer A almost B solar C statement D annoy A around B legend C question D special A family B mythical C serious D umbrella A product B purpose C postcard D postpone A conversation B potentially C identify D magnificent A champion B composer C research D machine A beauty B mutual C Europe D reduce 10 A facilitate B volume C expensive D significant Exercise 24: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A altogether B amphibian C historical D psychology A enjoyable B enthusiasm C intelligent D territory A overlook B overnight C overcome D overcoat A bulletin B enjoyable C colorful D beautiful A amusement B autograph C criticize D fluoride A ability B already C retirement D uniform A excellent B gymnastics C stadium D restaurant A champion B common C peaceful D respect 163 A eventual B qualify C president D volleyball 10 A penalty B personal C position D powerful Exercise 25: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A village B begin C column D pity A average B aquatic C athletic D available A schedule B report C promise D orbit A accurate B customer C computer D exercise A fancy B portrait C endless D require A disappear B government C hurricane D triangle A synthetic B thoroughly C tornado D formation A basket B blossom C firewood D perhaps A disease B people C upset D upstairs 10 A grapefruit B personal C release D pumpkin Exercise 26: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words A authority B disadvantage C photographer D relationship A combination B satisfaction C transportation D necessary A hockey B involve C review D select A defensive B spectator C technician D wonderful A eleven B example C origin D synthetic A exhaust B expect C extra D except A discharge B honey C decide D appoint A captain B belong C respect D avoid A evaluate B favorable C convenient D relationship 10 A signature B scholarship C terminal D transaction CHUYÊN ĐỀ 24: PASSIVE VOICE (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG) I Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động: Active: Chủ động S+V+O Passive: Bị động S + be* + P.P + by + O (* be chia theo V) Ex: They are painting the house → The house is being painted They had destroyed all the documents when we arrived → All the documents had been destroyed when we arrived II Thay đổi hình thức động từ cụ thể thì: TENSES Simple Present Present continuous ACTIVE S + V1-s/es S + am / is / are + V-ing 164 PASSIVE S + am / is / are + PP S + am / is / are + being + PP Simple Past Past continuous Present Perfect Past Perfect Simple Future Modal verbs S + V-ed /V2 S + was / were + V-ing S + have / has + PP S + had + PP S + will + V1 can may must S + have to + V1 should used to be going to S + was / were + PP S + was / were + being + PP S + have / has + been + PP S + had + been + PP S + will + be + PP can may must S + have to + be + V3 should used to be going to Ex: John delivers the newspapers every morning The newspapers are delivered by John every morning My mother wrote that letter That letter was written by my mother They will build a new school here next month A new school will be built here next month He is asking me a lot of questions I am being asked a lot of questions She was doing her homework at that time Her homework was being done at that time My mother has made that cake That cake has been made by my mother They had prepared a party before we came A party had been prepared before we came Sue is going to write the book The book is going to be written by Sue You must finish this report This report must be finished NOTES: LƯU Ý: Khi chủ ngữ túc từ câu chủ động đại từ, ta phải thay đổi cho phù hợp Ex: The teacher punished me  I was punished by the teacher Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động là: people, I, we, you, they, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, anybody…khi đổi sang bị động thường bỏ Ex: They built this bridge last year  This bridge was built last year (by them) Khi câu chủ động có túc từ dùng tức từ làm chủ ngữ được, nhiên, túc từ người sử dụng nhiều Ex: My mother bought me a new shirt  I was bought a new shirt by my mother  A new shirt was bought for me by my mother Nếu chủ ngữ câu chủ động Noone/ noboby đổi sang bị động ta bỏ by noone/ nobody động từ phải đổi sang thể phủ định 165 Ex: No one believes his story  His story isn’t believed Vị trí trạng từ Trạng từ thể cách đặt trứơc Past Participle Ex: I my homework carefully  My homework is carefully done Trạng từ thời gian đặt đầu câu sau by + O Ex: I lent him money yesterday  He was lent money yesterday  Trạng từ nơi chốn đặt trước by + O Ex: Mary bought the gift from that shop  the gift was bought from that shop by Mary III MỘT SỐ DẠNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT: Verbs of opinion (Động từ ý kiến): say, think, believe, know, report, consider, expect, feel, hope, know, understand… KINDS Active S1 + VS1 + It + be V3/ ed + S2 + be V3/ ed + that that FORMS + S2 + S2 + + VS2 VS2 Passive to V(S2) to have V3/ ed Ex People say that he is a famous doctor It is said that he is a famous doctor He is said to be a famous doctor People believe that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour It is believed that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour He is believed to have driven through the town at 90 km an hour Causative forms(Thể nhờ bảo): have, get VERBS Have Get KINDS Active Passive Active Passive S S S S + + + + have have get get +O +O +O +O Ex: I had him repair my bicycle yesterday I had my bicycle repaired yesterday I get her to make some coffee I get some coffee made 166 FORMS (person) + Vo + O (thing) (thing) + V3/ed (person) + to V + O (thing) (thing) + V3/ed Verbs of perception (Động từ giác quan): see, hear, watch, smell… Active: S +see/ hear/ watch/ smell + O +Vo / V-ing Passive: S + be + seen/ heard/ watched/smelt + to Vo/ V-ing Ex: They saw the man run away / They saw the man running away  The man was seen to run away / The man was seen running away Với động từ make/ let + O + bare - infinitive Active: S + make + O + bare - infinitive Passive: S + be + made + to - infinitive Ex: Teacher make the students a lot of homework  Students are made to a lot of homework Active: S + let + O + bare infinitive Passive: S + be + allowed + to - infinitive Ex: She lets her son play computer games on Sunday afternoon  Her son is allowed to play computer games on Sunday afternoon Với động từ: want/ need + to + V  want/need + V-ing/to be + V-ed/V3 Ex: He needs you to believe his ability  He needs to be believed his ability Ex: They need to repaint the house  The house needs repainting = The house needs to be repainted Remember/ hate/ keep…+ someone + V-ing Ex: I remember my mother taking me to school on the first day  I remember being taken to school on the first day by my mother Imperative form (thể mệnh lệnh) Active: Verb + object + adjunct Passive: Let + object + be + past participle + adjunct Ex1: Keep your hand clean  Let your hand be kept clean Ex2: Don’t talk the secret to her  Don’t let the secret be talked to her It is your duty to something  You are supposed to something (bổn phận bạn là….) Ex: It’s your duty to lock all the doors  You are supposed to lock all the doors EXERCISES I Change the following sentences into the passive voice They grow rice in tropical countries → _ Mr Green loves his children very much → People don’t speak French here → _ Someone broke his windows last night → _ The police didn’t find the lost boy yesterday → _ 167 About thirty million people are watching this live show now → _ They were carrying the injured player off the field at that time → _ Jack has typed the article recently → _ The police haven’t found the murderer yet → _ 10 They were carrying the injured player off the field at that time → 11 They had wrapped the package carefully before they posted it → 12 Children should treat old men with respect → 13 The computer can all the accounts → 14 They are going to build a new school → 15 He isn’t going to buy that house → _ 16 They will pull down that building → _ 17 The teacher won’t correct the exercises tomorrow → _ 18 You have to keep dangerous chemicals in the safe place → _ 19 Police had to break the meeting up → _ 20 They may use that room for the classroom → _ 21 You must wash your hands → _ 22 They ought to knock down the old building → _ 23 You needn’t type that report today → 24 Nobody has used this room for ages → 25 No one can solve that problem → 26 No one told us the news → 27 Paul didn’t tell me the ending of the story → 28 The teacher will give her a prize if she works well → 29 Her mother bought her a doll last week → 168 30 The police found the robber in the forest yesterday → 31 They made him work all day → 32 People don’t make the children work hard → 33 They let him meet her family last month → 34 He won’t let you that silly thing again → 35 People saw him steal your car → _ 36 I have heard her sing this song several times → _ 37 The teacher is watching them work → _ 38 Alice had a mechanic repair her car → 39 Ellen got Marvin to type her paper → 40 The hairdresser is cutting Mary’s hair now → Mary is having her hair _ → Mary is having the hairdresser 41 People know that English is an international language → It is known _ → English is known 42 They said that she won the competition → _ → _ 43 They reported that the President had suffered a heard attack → _ → _ 44 They need to clean the windows → _ → _ 45 I would like to give Mary a nice present → _ 46 Our teacher wants us to prepare our lessons carefully → _ 47 It is your duty to lock all the doors → _ 48 He suggested selling the radio → _ 49 Open your book, please! → _ 50 They advised enlarging the garden → _ 169 II Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences These T-shirts and jeans in the US in 1900 A have made B made C were made D make The building is very dangerous It down next week A knocked B will knock C will be knocked D was knocked The room looks nice It A was cleaning B has just been cleaned C will be cleaned D is cleaning We ………… each other for 10 years A know B knew C have known D had known Our twenty houses when the fire engine A had burnt up / arrived B burnt up / had arrived C had been burnt up / arrived D will have burnt / arrives After I the grass, it to rain A have watered / will begin B water / began C had watered / began D had watered / will have begun Next week when there a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher A is being B is C will be D will have been English is all over the world A spoken B speak C speaks D to speak Where will these coconut trees ? A be planted B planted C plant D be planting 10 Before Jane won the lottery, she any kind of contest A hasn’t entered B doesn’t enter C wasn’t entering D hadn’t entered 11 My parents tomorrow to stay with me for a few days A come B will have come C are coming D came 12 She left home in 1993 and since then A hasn’t seen B didn’t see C hasn’t been seen D wasn’t seen 13. your house painted last year? A Had B Did C Was D Have 14 What you at o’clock last night? A did/ B have/ done C were/ doing D had/ done 15 - “We are having a party at the weekend.” -“Great! Who _?” A will being invited B Is going to invite C is going to be invited D will invite 16 This is the fifth time you the same question A ask B asked C are asking D have asked 17 This church was said in the 19th century A to build B to be built C to have been built D being built 18 In England, the academic year into three terms Each term by a one-week break A is divided / separated B divided / is separated C is divided / is separated D divided / separated th 19 Gold in California in the 19 century A was discovered B was discover C has been discovered D they discovered 20 I am going to have my car A service B to be serviced C serviced D servicing 21 Two tablets twice a day to have you recover from the illness quickly 170 A must take B must be taken C must have taken D must be taking 22 The next meeting in May A will hold B will be held C will be holding D will have held 23 They had a boy _ that yesterday A done B to C did D 24 We got our mail _ yesterday A been delivered B delivered C delivering D to deliver 25 James _ the news as soon as possible A should tell B should be told C should told D should be t elled 26 My wedding ring _ yellow and white gold A is made B is making C made D make 27 Mr Wilson is _ as Willie to his friend A known B knew C is known D know 28 References _ in the examination room A not are used B is not used C didn’t used D are not use d 29 Laura _ in Boston A are born B were born C was born D born 30 His car needs A be fixed B fixing C to be fixing D fixed 31 Her watch needs _ A repairing B to be repaired C repaired D A and B 32 My mother is going _ this house A sold B sell C to be sold D to sell 33 There’s somebody behind us I think we are _ A being followed B are followed C follow D following 34 Have you _ by a dog? A bite B bit C ever been bitten D ever been bit 35 The room is being _ at the moment A was cleaned B cleaned C cleaning D clean 36 It _ that the strike will end soon A is expected B expected C are expected D was expec ted 37 It is _ that many people are homeless after the floods A was reported B reports C reported D reporting 38 He was said _ this building A designing B to have designed C to design D designed 39 Ted _ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden A got sting B got stung C get stung D gets stung 40 These tennis courts don’t _ very often Not many people want to play A got used B used C get used D get use 41 I’ll get Minh _ this for you A B done C did D to 42 Those letters _ now You can the typing later A need typing B needn't be typed C need to type D needn't typ ing 171 43 “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it _ especially for me by a Frenc h tailor.” A is made B has made C made D was made 44 Somebody cleans the room every day A The room everyday is cleaned B The room is every day cleaned C The room is cleaned every day D The room is cleaned by somebody every day 45 People don’t use this road very often A This road is not used very often B Not very often this road is not used C This road very often is not used D This road not very often is used 46 How people learn languages? A How are languages learned? B How are languages learned by peopl e? C How languages are learned? D Languages are learned how? 47 Tom bought that book yesterday A That book was bought by Tom yesterday B That book was bought yesterday by Tom C That book yesterday was bought by Tom D That book was bought yesterday 48 The new computer system _ next month A is be installed B is being installed by peopleC is been installed D is being inst alled 49 Traffic rules strictly A followed B must followed C must be followed D must follo w 50 Over 1500 new houses _ each year Last year, 1720 new houses _ A were built/were built B are built/were built C are building/were built D were built/were built III Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to show the underlined part that needs correction The children were frightening by the thunder and lightning A B C D Two people got hurt in the accident and were took to the hospital by an ambulance A B C D The students helped by the clear explanation that the teacher gave A B C D That alloy is composing by iron and tin A B C D The winner of the race hasn’t been announcing yet A B C D Progress is been made every day in all parts of the world A B C D When, where and by whom has the automobile invented? A B C D Each assembly kit is accompany by detailed instruction A B C D Arthur was giving an award by the city for all of his efforts in crime prevention A B C D 172 10 It was late and I was getting very worry about my son A B C D 11 I discovered that many strange things were happened last night A B C D 12 He was seen go to the beach with some other people A B C D 13 He is believed to work for the CIA in the 1970s A B C D 14 We are not let to cycle in the park, are we? A B C D 15 You should get your car to service every two years A B C D 16 Only coffee and dessert been served at the reception yesterday A B C D 17 When I have been finished my work, I’m going to take a walk A B C D 18 Because we have a writing agreement, our landlord won’t be able A B to raise our rent for two years C D 19 The heel of my shoe broke off, and then my dress got tore in the elevator door A B C D 20 When I crossed the road I saw two men whose car was broken down A B C D ********************************** 173 ... dies as a result of her injuries b Mệnh đề Mệnh đề trạng ngữ lý mệnh đề phụ lý nguyên nhân hành động nêu mệnh đề Mệnh đề trạng ngữ lý thường nối với mệnh đề nhờ từ nối như: because, since, as ... Mệnh đề kết Mệnh đề kết mệnh đề phụ dùng đề kết hành động mệnh đề gây ra: ❖ so that (quá đến nỗi) S + be/ V + so + adj/ adv + that + S +V Ví dụ: It was so dark that I couldn't see anything... can’t this puzzle She couldn’t win the beauty contest even though she was beautiful  Chú ý: - Đăng sau cụm từ phải mệnh đề hoàn chỉnh (có chủ ngữ động từ) - Các mệnh đề đứng trước sau mệnh đề Nếu