De ed duge nhdng ke't qui nhU tren vd de thdc hien cdc k l hoach phdt trien kinb te thdnh phd' d i n nam 2020, phai k l d i n sU nd lUc eua ngdnh ngdn hang trong viec cung dng von,[r]
(1)NGHIEN CLTU & TRAO D O I 19901 mi
E C O H O M C C C v a O P t e J I B B ^
jji£Eaatfczs^
i l i i r f U A NGAN HANG TRIEN KINH TE '*^* DEN NAM 2020
TS LE THI M A N *
K^lJflbUc hien chii trUOng eiia Dang vd Chinh ^ U W p h u vl: Tilp tue cdng eude ddi mdi va phat m H S t r i l n kinh te da't nUdc, khai tbde vd phat huy ndi lUc, day manh t i l n trinh cong nghiep hda vd hien dai boa da't nude, ndng cao sdc canh tranh eua n l n kinh t l , thuc day hgi nhdp kinh te khu vdc vd the gidi, den kinh te cua ca nUdc ndi ehung vd kinh t l TP.HCM ndi rieng da ed sU thay ddi can b i n tren ca hai mat chd't va lUOng Trong thdi gian tdi, TP.HCM se tie'p tue phdt huy nhdng thdnh qui da dat duge d l tien tdi phat trien toan dien vd b i n vdng
Trong bai v i l t tdc gia tap trung vdo hai van dl chinh:
Mgt Id, phan tich tbde trang kinh t l TP.HCM
ke td xoa bd n l n kinh te k l hoaeh boa tap trung d l chuyen sang co che thi trUdng co dieu tiet eua Nhd nUde cho deh cung nhu nhdng dong gdp khong nhd cua ngdnh ngdn hdng vdo sU tdng trudng vd phdt trien cua kinb t l t b a n b phd
Hai Id, t r i l n vgng phdt trien kinh te cua
TP.HCM d i n ndm 2020 vd cdc giii phap thuc day phdt trien kinh t l TP.HCM thdng qua boat ddng tin dung ngdn hdng
1 Tri#n V9ng itinh td'TP.HCIM din nim 2020 Muc tieu cu the cho TP.HCM chien luge phdt trien kinh te - xa hdi den nam 2020 ma Dai hgi D i n g Cdng s i n VN lan thd IX da de ra: "Khuyin khich dau tu vao cdc khu eong nghiep va khu che' xudt dugc cap phep, xay dung khu eong nghe eao Tiep tue d i u tU xay dUng true dUdng cao tdc TP.HCM - Ddng Nai - Vung Tdu Ndng cap
TrUdng DH Binh Duang
cum cang Sdi Gdn C i i tao d i u md'i dUdng sat TP.HCM, nghien edu xay dUng eac tuyen dUdng s i t TP.HCM di Vung Tdu, Phnom Penh, Tay Nam Bg va Tay Nguyen Day nhanh viec xdy dUng cdc thi ve tinh mdi gan l i l n vdi eae khu eong nghiep xung quanh t h a n h pho' Hien dai hda ga hdng khong qud^e te sdn bay Tan Son Nhat Phdt huy vai tro trung tdm eong nghiep, vdn hda, dich vu (thuong mai, xua't khau, v i l n thdng, tdi chinh, ngan hang) t i l n tdi tam cd khu vUc Dong Nam A"
Quyet dinh sd 188 ciia Thu tUdng Chinh phu ban h a n h ndm 2004 (188/2004/QD-TTg) ve phe duyet quy hoach phdt trien cdng nghiep TP.HCM den ndm 2020 da dinh hUdng nhd sau:
- Phdt trien TP.HCM trd t b a n b t h a n h phd cdng nghiep vdo ndm 2015 - 2017, la trung tam eong nghiep gid vai trd dau tdu cua vung kinh te trgng dilm phia Nam vd cua ca nUde
- Day manh chuyen dich co eau eong nghiep theo hudng Uu tien vd t a p trung phdt t r i l n cdc nganh ed hdm lugng tri thdc vd cdng nghiep cao, cd lgi the canh tranh, ddc biet Id nganh cdng nghiep dien td - tin hgc - vien thdng, cdng nghiep hda chdt, co
- Phat trien cdng tdc ddo tao, chuan bi ngudn n h a n lUe trinh cao cho qua trinh phdt t r i l n eong nghiep vd chu dgng tham gia vao qua trinh phan cong lao dgng qudc te
De dat duge cdc muc tieu tren, TP.HCM c i n phdn ddu dat dugc mgt sd^ chi tieu nhU sau:
(2)NGHIEN CU^U & TRAO DOI
Bdng Mgt so chi tieu den nam 2020 cua TP.HCM Cac chi tieu
Ty trgng nganh cong nghiep GDP cua phd
Ty trgng nganh dich vu GDP cua phd
Ty trgng cac nganh khac GDP cua phd
Ty trgng gia tri gia tang cua ngdnh cong nghiep tren dia bdn so vdi ea nude Lao dgng ngdnh cong nghiep Tdc tang trUdng GDP
Tdc tang trUdng gid trj san xuat cong nghiep
GDP binh qudn dau ngUdi cija thdnh phd so vdi ca nUdc
DU kien
2020
39,66%
54,66%
5,68%
30,10% 1,55 trieu
ngUdi 9,00% 9,00%
4,2 lan
Ngudn: Cue Thdng ke TP.HCM
Nhu vdy, theo dU k i l n den ndm 2020, ke hoach phdt trien kinh te - xa hdi cua TP.HCM phai thUe hign duge cdc van dl vl kinh te vd xd hgi sau ddy:
Vi kinh te:
- Lay dich vu vd cdng nghiep lam n l n tang vd
ldm gia tri gia tdng eho su phat t r i l n kinh te', thdnh phd se la noi thu hut nhilu tap dodn kinh t l ldn vd ngodi nUdc
- Tdng trudng tin dung ngan hdng nham phuc vu eho n l n kinh te, ddc biet Id cho khu vUc dich vu
- Phat trien thi trudng chdng khodn theo hudng tich cUc hon, da dang hda cdc loai eo phie'u vd trdi phieu len sdn giao dich
- Ung dung khoa hgc ky thuat, cong nghe tien tien, hien dai vdo cac nganh sdn xua't vd dich vu - Chuyen ddi co ca'u kinh te cdy trdng theo hudng CO hieu qui nhd't, van dung vd phdt t r i l n cdc mo hinh s i n xua't khong da't bode can It da't Hinh thdnh cdc td chdc s i n xua't kinh te trang trai, doanh nghiep nong - cong nghiep
Vl khoa hgc cong nghe: Pha'n da'u Id thdnh phd eong nghiep di dau ca nUde, Id noi tap trung phdt t r i l n cdc ngdnh eong nghiep mui nhgn vdi quy mo cdng ldn, dng dung cong nghe cao, tao duge nhieu thuong hieu san pham tren thi trudng khu vUc vd t h i gidi
- Trong linh vUc gido due, ddo tao va y te
thdnh phd ed gang se Id noi tap trung cdc cd sd ddo tao cd uy tin khong ehi Id qud^c ndi md edn eho ngudi nudc ngodi tai VN
Ve xd hgi:
- Ke hoach de'n ndm 2015, TP.HCM khdng edn
ngUdi ngheo, dan cU se co mdc sd'ng cao, vdn minh, binh dang gidi vd quan tdm ehdm sdc sdc khoe cdng ddng
- Phdt trien kinh t l ke't hgp vdi gid vOfng an ninh qud'c phdng vd t r a t tu an todn xd hdi
- Quy hoach khdng gian se tao nen mdt thdnh phd' khang trang, phdt t r i l n dd thi b i n vdng, tuong lai tap trung vdo qudn vd qudn
- Trong quan he kinh te qud'c te, TP.HCM Id noi giao luu kinh te qudc td ndng dgng vd thUc sU cd hieu q u i kinh te
Viee phdn da'u dat duge mdt sd' chi tieu vao ndm 2020 khdng phdi Id viec ldm don gidn, nhUng nhin lai thUe te nhdng ndm qua, hy vgng rang TP.HCM se Idm dugc, vd chinh sU phdt trien vl kinh t l cua t h d n h phd se ldm dd cho sU phdt trien todn dien cdc m a t ddi sd'ng xd hdi ve c l vat chd't ldn tinh t h i n cho dan cU tren dia bdn thdnh phd mang ten Bdc
2 TliiTc tr^ng Itinli te TP.HCM tuT sau Ichi md cuTa clio tdi nim 2020
Tga lac d trung tdm Nam Bd, TP.HCM Id thdnh phd' d n g ldn nha't nUde, Id noi tu hdi day du cdc dilu kien v l giao thong dudng bg, dUdng thiiy, dudng sat, dUdng hdng khdng va la diu md'i giao thong kinh te ldn ndi lien vdi cdc dia phuong nude vd qud'c t e Hdng ndm, TP.HCM thudng xuyen t n td'c tang trUdng cao hon td'c tdng trudng binh qudn chung cua c l nUde Phdt trien kinh te - xa hdi tren dia bdn thdnh phd' gan l i l n vdi tdng the phdt trien kinh te - xd hgi cda khu vUc kinh te trgng diem phia Nam vd cua c l nude
- Tdc tdng trudng GDP
Td ndm 1986 de'n nay, TP.HCM da cd tdc tdng trudng GDP khd cao, eu the:
-I- Nam 1986 de'n ndm 1990 Id 7,82% ndm -I- Ndm 2005, tdng Ien 11%
-I- Ndm 2006, tdng len 12,2%
-I- Ndm 2007, tdng 12,6% Trong dd, khu vUc dich vu ddng gop 7,45% va la ngdnh ed tdng trudng cao nhd't, c l nam gid tri gia tang 14,3%, chiem ty trgng 52,5% GDP thdnh pho'
(3)NGHIEN CXJ'U & TRAO D O I ECowoMcct^Ba=i.ejiBBtw
Blng Toe dg tang trUdng binh quan cua tUng khu vUc kinh te tren dja ban TP.HCM Thofi g i a n
(nam)
1986-1990 1991-1995 1996-2000 2001-2005 2005-2009
T o n g GDP (%)
7,82 12,62 9,95 11,00 12,20
N o n g - lam - ngvC n g h i f p
(%)
3,51 3,78 1,18 2,00 1,30
Cong n g h i e p v a
x a y d i i n g (%)'
10,46 16,21 12,73 13,00 13,90
Tht^dng m a i & dich vu (%)
6,93 11,16 8,40 9,60 15,50
Ngudn: Cue Thdng ke TP.HCiVI
-I- Ndm 2008, GDP tang gan 11%
-I- Ndm 2009, tang Ien 12,2% Trong dd, khu vUc dich vu tdng trUdng eao nhd't, cbieni ty trgng 54,8% GDP thdnh phd
- Chuyen dich co edu kinh te' theo hudng gia tdng ty trgng khu vUe dich vu, phdt t r i l n kinh te theo hudng day manh v l xua't khau:
+ Co cau khu vUc thuong mai & dich vu ed ty trgng tdng td 6,93% ndm 1990 len 9,6% ndm 2005, len 15,5% ndm 2009
-(- Khu vUe cong nghiep vd xay dUng cd ty trgng tang tuong dng, td 10,46% ndm 1990 len 13,0% ndm 2005, len 13,9% nam 2009
-I- Khu vdc ndng - lam - ngU nghiep giam lien tue, tii 3,51% nam 1990 xud'ng cdn 2,0% nam 2005 vd 1,3% ndm 2009
- San xua't cdng nghiep tdng bUde thay ddi vd tdng trudng manh:
Hien nay, thdnh phd' dd ed nhOfng thay ddi vl mat quy md vd ty le cdc ngdnh ca'u thdnh tdng s i n pham, nhilu chuong trinh trgng diem da hinh thdnh vd phdt trien manh nhU: chuong trinh cong vien phan m l m Quang Trung vd khu cdng nghe cao; chuong trinh cung cd' vd sdp xe'p cac doanh nghiep nhd nUde; chuong trinh nUdc sach cho sinh boat cua ngUdi dan
De thuc day tdng trUdng vd phdt trien kinh te, ndng cao ndng lUc canh tranh, vdng bUde tien trinh hdi nhdp kinh te qud'c te', chiem linh thi trudng nUde, md rgng thi trUdng xua't khau, t h a n h phd' dd xay dUng vd phdt t r i l n 16 ehuong trinh muc tieu phdt t r i l n cdc ngdnh kinh te ma thdnh phd' cd t i l m n a n g vd loi the phdt triln, dd la cdc ngdnh: c h l bie'n gd, det - may, gidy - da, che b i l n thuy s i n , co khi, nhUa cao su, cong
nghiep hda chat, che bien luong thUc - thUc pham, eong nghe thong tin, xay dUng, giao thong van t i i , thuong mai, du lich vd tdi chinb - ngan hdng Tap trung dau tU ddi mdi cong nghe, nang cao chat lugng eae nganh bien c6, tdng bUdc phdt trien cac nganb eong nghiep mui nhgn, hodn chinh cae khu cong nghiep tap trung Ben canh dd, tdng trUdng kinb te luon di ddi vdi bao d i m dan sinh, ndng eao chat lugng cudc sdng, cong bang xd hgi; xdy ddng moi trUdng van hda lanh manh, tien tien nhUng van gin gid dUoc ban sac dan tgc, cdi thien moi trUdhg rgng thodng, sach vd xanh; viec eung cap nhd d vdi gid phu hgp eho cdc tang Idp dan cU khac khu vUc ngi thdnh nham cai thien ddi song eua nhdng ngUdi ngheo dugc ddt Ien hdng diu; phdt t r i l n nong nghiep theo hUdng phij hgp vdi ddc diem dd thi va sinh thdi
Nhin chung, nhdng ndm qua, kinh te TP.HCM tang trUdng diu dan, the hien duge vai tro la mdt trung tam ldn cua c l nUde ve kinh te', vdn hda vd khoa hgc, mdt dia ban nhay cam vl chinh tri - xd hgi, vda cd k h i ndng tao ndi lUc to ldn, vda thu hut dugc ngudn ldc ben ngodi
Ben canh nhdng ket qua dat dugc, sU phdt t r i l n kinh t l eua TP.HCM vdn cdn tdn tai mpt so b a n che vd dang ddng trUdc nhdng kho khan, thdch thdc nhd: Chd't lugng tang trUdng va bieu qui cdc nganh kinh te tren dia ban tha'p, phdt t r i l n dudi mdc t i l m ndng, ndng lUc canh tranh eiia cac doanh nghiep ylu, sdc bap dan eua moi trudng diu tU chUa cao; chat luOng quy hoaeh vd phdt t r i l n thi eon cham, mgt so' dU an quy hoach treo td nam sang nam khac, to chdc tbde bien quy hoacb chUa ddng bd; tang co sd xd hgi chUa dap dng yeu ciu phat t r i l n kinh te; ty Ie hdng cong nghiep che bien eo cau hang
(4)-(Ml NGHIEN CU'U & TRAO DOI
xuat khau thap; ddi sdng cua mgt sd^ bg phan ngudi dan d ngoai t h a n h phd gap nhilu khd khan; mac du Id mgt trung tam kinh te Idn nha't nude, nhUng TP.HCM vdn edn Id mgt thdnh phd' ngheo so vdi cdc nUdc khu vdc vd tren the gidi
3 Nliufng dong gop cua nganli ngan hang vao s^ tang trirdng va pliat trien kinli te' cda TP.HCM
De ed duge nhdng ke't qui nhU tren vd de thdc hien cdc k l hoach phdt trien kinb te thdnh phd' d i n nam 2020, phai k l d i n sU nd lUc eua ngdnh ngdn hang viec cung dng von, ho trg cac doanh nghiep tren dia bdn md rgng san xua't, dau tu cong nghe hien dai nham nang cao chd't lugng san pham, gdp phan thue day tang trUdng tdng san pham cua thdnh pho' Dac biet phai ke de'n Id boat dgng tin dung cua cac ngan hang thuong mai (NHTM) cd vai tro quan trgng phat t r i l n kinb te cua TP.HCM
VI Iy thuye't, tin dung gdp phan dam bao eho qud trinh san xudt kinh doanh dien thUdng xuyen, lien tuc; tich tu, tap trung von; giup dieu chinh, on dinh vd tdng trUdng kinh te; nang cao ddi sdng eiia nhdn dan, thUc hien cae chinh sach xa hgi vd md rgng quan he hgp tae qudc t l
Ve thUc t l , du no tin dung tren dia ban phd tang trUdng khd nhanh, kinh te vdn tiep tuc gid vdng tdc tdng trudng, co ca'u kinh te chuyin dich dung hudng nhufng ndm vda qua, cu the:
TU ndm 2001 den ndm 2005:
- Tin dung ngdn hang gdp phan tich cUc eho
viec tang trudng kinh te thdnh phd vdi nhip cao: 9,0% (nam 2000); 10,2% (ndm 2002); 11,4% (nam 2003); 11,6% (ndm 2004); va 12,2% (nam 2005)
- Von thong qua dUdng tin dung cua cdc ngan hang dau tU vdo cdc khu vUc kinh te cua thdnh phd chiem trung binh td 20% den 22% tdng vo'n dau tU
- Huy dgng vdn tdng trudng binh quan td 20% den 25% hang nam; tinb d i n eudi ndm 2005 dat 199.180,2 ty ddng, do: tien gdi ddn cU ehilm den 97.748,5 ty ddng
- Tdng du ng tin dung cho cac tbanb phan kinh te dat 261.253,6 ty ddng, do: dU ng bang USD la 61.520,3 ty ddng; dU ng tin dung trung dai ban bang VND 74.201,1 ty ddng; dU no cho vay
kich cau 725 ty ddng; dU ng cho vay khu cdng nghiep, khu c h l xult 16.598 ty ddng; chUOng trinh cho vay phuc vu phdt t r i l n nong nghiep nong thdn 6.570 ty ddng
TU ndm 2006 de'n nam 2009:
- Ndm 2006: GDP tdng 12,2%; ngudn vdn huy
ddng dat 277.911 ty ddng, tdng 47,1%; tdng du ng tin dung dat 22.336 ty ddng, tang 28,8%
- Ndm 2007: GDP tdng 12,6%; ngudn vdn huy dgng qua ngdn h a n g dat 484.272 ty ddng, tang 69,6%; tdng dU no tin dung dat 397.172 ty ddng, tang 72,9%, dd dU ng tin dung trung ddi ban chiem 40,1%, tdng 76,8%
- Nam 2008: GDP tdng gan 11%; ngudn vdn huy dgng qua ngdn hdng dat 561.500 ty ddng, tdng 15,3% so vdi cung ky; tdng dU ng tin dung dat 490.000 ty ddng, tdng 20,6% so vdi cung ky
- Ndm 2009: GDP tdng dUdi 10%; bdi c i n h kinh te khong may sdng sua, nhdng ngdnh tdi chinh ngan hdng vdn dat td'c tdng trUdng cao nha't eac nganh (trong dd: boat dgng tin dung ngan hdng - theo ddnh gid eua Ngdn hdng Nhd nude VN Id rd't sdi ddng, dan dau todn he thdng vl quy md vd ndng lUc tdi chinh) Tdng huy ddng vd'n n a m 2009 Id 603.353 ty ddng, tdng 30,9%; tdng dU no la 559.855 ty ddng, tang 36,6% so vdi nam 2008 Huy dgng vd'n t r e n dia bdn TP.HCM chiem 34,8%/tdng vdn huy ddng vd 31,8%/tdng du ng cho vay n l n kinh te cua toan he tho'ng ngan hdng; toe tdng vd'n huy ddng la 30,9% so vdi n a m 2008; dU ng tin dung tang 36,6%; du ng cho vay hd trg Iai s u i t dat 80.495 ty ddng; tdng du ng cho vay bat dgng sdn chie'm 13,9%/ tdng du ng cho vay, tdng 24,1% so vdi cudi nam 2008; dU ng cho vay tieu dung 37.263 ty ddng, chie'm 5,24% tdng dU ng tin dung; tdng du no eho vay cdc doanh nghiep boat dgng khu che xuat, khu cdng nghiep la 26.200 ty ddng, tdng 9,47% so vdi nam 2008; cho vay chuyen dich CO ca'u kinh te Id 11.546 ty ddng, tdng 14,7% so vdi nam 2008; dU ng cho vay kieh eau diu tU Id 241 ty ddng; ty Ie ng xa'u Id 2,03%
- Ndm 2010: Ngudn vdn huy dgng quy 1/2010 da giam (0,17%) lugng t i l n gdi td cdc td chdc kinh te gidm (5,94%) nhUng lugng t i l n gdi cua dan cU tang manh trd lai (5,57%); ty le ng xdu de'n thang 3/2010 d khoang 2,39%
Co the noi rdng, boat dgng tin dung ngdn hdng da tao dilu kien cho nhieu doanh nghiep thdo gd
(5)NGHIEN Cufu & TRAO D O I
'i
19901
dugc khd khdn d l boat dgng san xua't kinh doanh vd md rgng thi trudng tieu thu san pham hang hda, nhilu doanh nghiep cd them ngudn vdn d l dau tu trang thie't bi, mdy mdc, ky thuat phuc vu s i n xuat kinh doanh, ndng eao chd't lUgng vd sdc canh tranh cua san pham, gidi quyet viee ldm eho hdng tram ngdn lao dgng, thuc day tang trUdng kinh t l tren dia ban TP.HCM Dae biet, cdc ndm g i n day vd^n tin dung gop p h i n thay ddi dien mao kinh te thdnh phd^ vd thUe sU eo hieu qui lam chuyen dich co cdu kinh te, phdt trien cdc nganb cdng nghiep then chdt, nang cao chat lUgng iigdnh thuong mai & dich vu vd cac ngdnh khde tren dia bdn TP.HCM
Ngoai nhdng thdnh tich k l tren, dong gop eua nganh ngdn hdng eho phdt trien kinh te thdnh phd' cdn duge the hien qua nhilu mat nhU:
- Day manh qud trinh ddm phdn, ky ket, tiep nhdn vd trien khai ede khodn vay khuon khd hgp tdc da phuong vd song phuong; tham gia tham dinh, k i l m tra viec thUe hien cdc dU an, dau tu xdy dung cong trinh k i t cdu tang danh muc dau tU nude; huy dgng du vd'n cho muc tieu phdt t r i l n kinh te, tap trung diu tU cdc muc tieu quan trgng, cd tinh chd't quylt dinh de'n viec chuyin dich co cdu kinh te vd thuc day phdt trien kinh t l thdnh phd ndi rieng vd cd nUde noi ehung - Phdt trien thi trUdng vdn, huy dgng vdn ddp dng ede muc tieu phdt t r i l n kinh te - xd hgi, tang cudng thu hut ngudn vdn tU ben ngodi de nang cao CO sd t i n g xd hgi eua thdnh phd Cho vay ddp dng yeu elu san xudt kinh doanh eua doanh nghiep, hd gia dinh vd ede cd nhdn Cung vdi vo'n dau t u t d ngan sdch nhd nUde, ODA, FDI, kilu hdi, khu viic dan cU vd cdc thdnh phan kinh te khde, ngudn vd'n qua kenh NHTM dd thUe sU ddng vai trd quan trgng viee tdi trg dau tU tin dung, gdp phdn tdng trudng vd phdt t r i l n kinh te TP.HCM
- Ld ndng cdt tich cUc cdng cugc ddi mdi todn dien n l n kinh te thdnh phd theo hUdng cdng nghiep boa - hien dai hda Dich vu ngdn hdng phat trien cl v l chdt lugng, ehung loai, tinh da dang vl phuong tien t h a n h todn, hodn thien cdc cdng nghe dilu hdnh eung nhu cdng nghe kinh doanh hien dai, gdp phan thuc day san xua't kinh doanh phdt trien m a n h ve ehilu rdng l l n chieu sau
Ben canh nhdng t h a n h tich ddng gop cho cong cugc phdt trien kinh te cua dd'j nudc noi chung
cung nhu sU phdt t r i l n vugt trgi cua kinb t l TP.HCM noi rieng, hoat dgng ngdn hang cdn c6 nhdng ban c h l nhd't dinh, nhU:
- Dilu hanh chinh sdch t i l n te cua ngan bang Nhd nude eon co nhdng b a n c h l nen anh budng den chinh sdch tin dung eua eac NHTM
- Ngudn vo'n cua cdc NHTM chUa du manh d l nang cao dU ng tin dung eho doanh nghiep vd hg sdn xua't, Iy don gian Id ngudn vo'n chu sd hdu qua thap nen ngudn vd^n huy dgng bi gidi ban (khong duge phep vugt qua 20% vdn tu co), them vdo Id lai s u i t huy dgng khong ha'p d i n dilu kien lam phdt vdi ty le cao ldm eho eac ngan hdng khong cung cap du cho nhu cau tin dung tren dia ban TP.HCM
- Dich vu ngdn hang, nha't Id eua cdc NHTM cd 100% vo'n nUde, ngheo nan vl sd lugng vd kem v l chat lugng, ldm yeu di khd ndng canh tranh vdi cdc ngan hdng co vdn dau tU nUde ngodi - Nhdn sU ye'u va thie'u Van d l d day la sd^ lugng edn bg qudn ly, nhdn vien tac nghiep ngdn hdng khong thieu, md thieu ngUdi quin ly gidi vd thie'u ngudi lam viec tot, dilu ndy la nhan to' lam tdng ng xa'u eua NHTM
- Cong nghe thong tin ehUa t h a t sU hien dai hda
4 Cac giai phap thdc day phat trien kinh td' TP.HCM thdng qua ho^t d$ng tin dvng ngin hang
De boat dgng tin dung cua cdc NHTM td de'n ndm 2020 dat dUoc hieu qua nhU muc tieu phuc vu eho cong cugc phat t r i l n kinh te dat nUdc ndi chung vd TP.HCM ndi rieng, tdc gia xin neu mdt so giii phap dinh hUdng cho van dl nhu sau:
4.1 Ngdn hdng Nhd nUdc xdc dinh diiu
hdnh linh hogt vd theo nguyen tdc thi trUdng
cdc cong cu chinh sdch tien te
- Cong eu nghiep vu thi trUdng md: Dieu hanh
linh boat nghiep vu thi trUdng md, mua/bdn cdc gia'y td eo gid tri theo phuong thdc giao dich co ky ban vdi lai s u i t hop Iy, tao dilu kien tdng dU trd de cdc NHTM co kha nang cung dng tin dung cho n l n kinh te
- Cong cu tai cap von: Cho vay tdi cap vd^n de k i l m sodt lugng t i l n cung dng, dam bao k h i nang an todn todn cho cae NHTM vd dn dinh thi trudng tien te
- Cong cu du trd b i t budc: Dieu chinh ty le dU
(6)Ea>JOMCDe<aopt.ejrflWEw NGHIEN Ctfu & TRAO DOI
trd b i t budc (giim) ddi vdi t i l n gUi du trd bat buge bang VND loai ky han dudi 12 thdng vd nen giam lai sua't t i l n gdi vUgt dd trd bdt budc
- Cdng cu lai suit: Dilu chinh giam va tri dn dinh cac mde ldi sua't dilu hdnh d mdc hop ly de giim mat bang lai s u i t cho vay, dap dng nhu elu md rgng tin dung eua n l n kinh te Ddng thdi k i t hgp ehinh sdch hd trg lai sua't de giup cdc doanh nghiep, cdc ho san xudt gidm chi phi vay vo'n Dac biet la TP.HCM - mgt thdnh pho' ndng dgng, mgt dia phuong co toe tang trUdng cao nbat ea nUde vdi nhu eau v l von tin dung cho phat trien cae nganh eong nghiep, nong nghiep, thUOng mai va dich vu la rat ldn
- Cong cu ty gid hd^i dodi: De ngdn chdn suy giam kinh t l , kich cau d i u tU, kich cdu tieu dung, day manh xua't khau hdng hda, gidm thieu lam phdt vd dam bao an toan he thd'ng ngan hang Ngan hang Nhd nUdc can dilu h a n h ty gia hoi doai theo hudng ndi long t h a n trgng nham ho trg khoan, tao dilu kien cho cac NHTM md rgng tin dung hieu qua
4.2 Cdn gia tdng vdn dieu le cua cdc ngdn hdng, ddc biet Id cdc NHTM co phdn
Nhdm tang cUdng ndng lUc boat dgng cua cdc NHTM tren dia ban TP.HCM noi chung vd cae NHTM ed p h i n noi rieng (vi vo'n cua cdc ngan hang qud mdng) Nghi dinb so' 141 (141/2006/ND-CP) eua Chinh phu ban hdnh ngdy 21/11/2006 quy dinh vl mde vd^n dilu le dp dung eho NHTM cd p h i n d i n ndm 2010 la 3.000 ty ddng Tinh de'n thdi diem ngdy 17/12/2009 sd 39 NHTM ed phan thi boat dgng tai TP.HCM thi CO tdi 29 ngan hang eo vo'n dUdi 2.000 ty ddng Vdn dilu le ehUa du, phai tdng theo quy dinh la dilu td't yeu nhUng ede NHTM cung phai tinb todn h i t sdc t h a n trgng bdi quy mo vo'n ldn CO the dan de'n hieu sud't sd dung vo'n kem hieu qua Ke hoacb tang vdn phai g i n vdi viec nang cao chat lUOng dich vu, chat lugng tin dung de khang dinh thuong hieu cua minh xu the hgi nhap ngan bdng quo'c te
4.3 Ndng cao chdt lUgng tin dung, chdt lugng dich vu ngdn hdng, phuc vu khdch hdng tot nhdt de ndng cao ndng lUc cgnh tranh khong chi tren thi trUdng tin dung TP.HCM md cd thi trUdng qudc te
Mdc canh tranh linh vUc ngan hang
P h a t trien kinh te - T h i n g S a u n a m
se ngdy cdng gay gat ma cdc NHTM khong chi p h i i canh tranh vdi ma cdn p h i i canh tranh vdi he tho'ng ngan hang nUde ngodi cd vd'n ldn, uy tin tren thuong trUdng qudc t l , ed sd lugng chi nhdnh n h i l u nhd't t r e n dia ban TP.HCM Thdch thdc cdng nhilu ddi hdi cdc ngan hdng phdi tu hodn thien minh mdi tru vdng dUgc canh tranh, ma muon tU hodn thien minh chi cd each td't nhd't Id: phdi gia tdng ngudn vdn huy ddng de tdng ngudn vdn cho vay; ndng cao chat luOng tin dung; nang eao chat lugng dich vu ngdn hdng vd phue vu khdch hdng tot nhat
4.4 Ndng cao ndng liic qudn tri diiu hdnh
Mgt thuc te Id cdc NHTM VN ndi chung vd NHTM tren dia ban TP.HCM ndi rieng dang thilu n h a n sU cd ndng lUc ke c l cap q u i n ly, dilu hdnh ldn nhdn vien tac nghiep trUe tiep Bdi vdy, de nang eao ndng lUe qudn tri dilu hdnh ddp dng cho viec md rgng tin dung va ndng eao chat lugng dich vu, cdc NHTM nen cd hUdng md rgng thue chuyen gia tu vd'n, chuyen gia nghiep vu Id ngUdi nUde ngodi, m a t khac c i n tien hdnh chat che khau tuyen dung vdi phUong cham Ida chgn ngudi vda ed chuyen mdn lai vda p h i i cd dao ddc nghe nghiep ngan hdng
4.5 Hien dgi hda cdng nghe thong tin ngdn hdng
Ngodi no lUc ciia minh, cdc NHTM nen tim sU trg giup ky thuat cua cdc td chdc tdi chinh - tin dung qud'c te, ciia cdc nhd tdi trg vd cdc Bd, ngdnh cd lien quan de thUe hien eac nghiep vu tin dung noi ehung cung nhU cdc dich vu bdn 11 ngan hdng CO hieu qua nha'tB
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1 Quy hoach tdng the phdt trien kinh te - xa hgi TP.HCM giai doan 2001-2020
2 Ngudn thong tin sd lieu: Cue Thdng ke TP.HCM: www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn, Sd Ke hoach & Dau tU T P H C M : www.dpi.hochiminhcity.gov.vn, Ngdn hang Nha nUdc: www.sbv.gov.vn/vn/home/htNHTMCPdthi.jsp (ngay 17/12/2009)
3 M e n giam thdng ke TP.HCM, nam 2001 den nam 2010
www.pso.hochiminhcity.gov.vn, www.dpi.hochiminhcity.gov.vn, www.sbv.gov.vn/vn/home/htNHTMCPdthi.jsp