Trfldng hpp ciia Linh muc Pham Ba Trflc, hay ciia Cu Sau trfldc dd, di nhien la nam trong nhflng trfldng hdp dac biet : va treng mdt giai doan lich sii dac biet, Khdng phai mpi linh [r]
(1)14 Nghien cd'u Ton giao So I - 2010
TON GIAO VA DAN TOC
VI TRI CUA LINH MUC PHAM BA TRUC TRONG
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PHONG TRAO CHONG PHAP GIANH OOC LAP CUA
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VIET N A M GIAI DOAN 1945-1954
T rong bai tham luan nay, chung tdi se khdng de cap chi tiet ve the va sfl nghiep tham gia khang chien chd'ng Phap gianh ddc lap ciia Linh muc Pham Ba Trflc, ma chi xin phat bieu mdt so' suy nghi ve y nghia ciia hanh ddng ciia Linh muc lich sii Giao hdi Cdng giao Viet Nam, giai doan 1945-1954
N i e m v u i n g a y D g c l a p
Nhfl chung ta deu bie't, Linh muc Pham Ba Trflc da tflng dfldc dao tao tai trfldng Truyen giao d Roma, Khi ve nflde Linh muc dfldc giao nhiem vu day triet hpc tai Dai chiing vien Ke Sd, tflng la tru sd ciia Giao phan Tay Dang Ngoai trfldc dfldc chuyen ve Ha Npi, Va Ke Sd, nhflng qua, da dfldc chpn lam ndi cii hanh Le khai mac Nam Thanh ki niem 50 nam lap hang giao pham Viet Nam, Nhfl vay, Linh muc da cd mat va hoat ddng tai mpt cai noi ciia Giao hpi,
Ngoai linh muc cdn la chi'nh xfl ciia giao xfl Khoan Vy (Ha Nam) Linh muc cflng cdn dich mot so' sach dao dflc nflde ngoai sang tie'ng Viet de phuc vu ba giao dan ngfldi Viet nhfl cudn Linh hon
cua moi cong tdc tong (L'ame de tout
Apostolat) Nhfl vay, tham gia phong trao khang chien chd'ng Phap tai xam Ifldc Viet Nam 1945-1954, Lmh muc Pham Ba Trflc la ngfldi dang tham gia tfch cflc sinh hoat ciia Giac hdi Cdng giao Viet Nam va ciia Giao phan Tay Dang Ngoai ndi rieng
PHAN KH.4C T i f Chung ta cung cdn dfldc biet la tham gia Quoc hpi khda I ciia mdt nflde Viet Nam mdi gianh dfldc doc lap, Linh muc Pham Ba Trflc da xin phep be tren dfldc tham gia khang chien va cam ket, sau nflde nha dfldc hoan toan ddc lap, se bd lai mpi chflc tfldc de trd ve lam bdn phan muc vu nhfl cac linh muc khac Giam muc Chaize - Thinh da chap thuan thinh cdu ciia Linh muc Trfldng hdp khien chung ta nhd lai mot trfldng hdp khac xay trfldc dd cung tai Giao phan Tay Dang Ngoai: trfldng hdp cu Sau Tran Luc, Thang 4/1886 cu Sau Tran Luc, tac gia ciia quan the kien true nha thd Phat Diem ndi tieng, "linh muc nho be ciia Phat Diem tdi Ke Sd, mang theo mdt sac chi vang cd trien ldn dd chdi, Dd la van bang ciia kham sai cho ba tinh Thanh Hda, Nghe An, Ha Tinh", Cu Sau tdi Ke Sd gap be tren ciia minh la Giam muc Puginier - Phfldc de thinh y Giam muc ve viec trieu dinh giao cho Cu sfl mang
Kham sai Dflc Giam muc cho phep Cu Sau nhan sfl mang ma nha vua tin cay giao cho, nhflng chi thdi gian cang ngan cang td't, Sau 35 ngay, Cu Sau dfldc khuyen nen tfl chflc va trd ve Phat Diem Vi "Kham sai da vang ldi""'
*, Linh muc, Uy ban Doan kei Cong giao Viet Nam 1 Olichon 98-99, trfch theo Truong Ba Can, Lich sif phdt irien Cdng gido d \ iet Nam Nxb, Ton giao
(2)Phan Khac Tir Vi tii ci'ia Linh muc Pham Bd Tntc 15
Trfldng hpp ciia Linh muc Pham Ba Trflc, hay ciia Cu Sau trfldc dd, di nhien la nam nhflng trfldng hdp dac biet : va treng mdt giai doan lich sii dac biet, Khdng phai mpi linh muc deu dfldc keu gpi de thflc hien nhflng nhiem vu nhfl hai linh muc dfldc ndi de'n tren day, Nhflng chung ta cd the hieu dfldc rang tfnh each dac biet d day chi lien quan den each thflc the hien mpt tinh than, mpt sfl mang, mdt dn keu gpi ciia Giao hdi la the hien long yeu thfldng ciia Thien Chua dd'i vdi ngfldi, mpi ngfldi, Va day la bdn phan chung cho mpi ngfldi Cdng giao, linh muc hay giao dan, tu si, Va ldng yeu thfldng ay ludn bao gdm nhflng hanh dpng cu the, nhflng hoan canh cu the v a ddng dao cac phan ctia Giao hpi Cong giao tai Viet Nam da hieu rang, hoan canh cu the ciia nam 1945, nhiem vu cu the cua ngfldi Cdng giao la cflng vdi ddng bao ciia minh sflc bao ve nen ddc lap ctia Td qudc, vi ddc lap la mdt nhflng dieu kien tien quyet de ngfldi cd the phat trien mdt each day dii, theo dflng pham gia ciia ngfldi va Thien Chua,
Tha'y dfldc gia tri to ldn ciia nen ddc lap ma dan tdc dd cd ngfldi Cdng giao deo dudi, dd xfldng mau de cd dfldc, cac giam muc Le Hflu Tfl Hd Ngpc Can da nhan lam cd' va'n cho Chi'nh phii, Nhieu nhan si, trf thflc Cdng giao da dam nhiem nhieu chflc vu cao cap nhfl cac dng Nguyen Manh ' Ha, Vu Dinh Tung, Ngd Tii Ha Giam muc Hd Ngpc Can da iing hd ca day chuyen vang cho chfnh phii khang chie'n "Tuan le vang", Trfldc am mflu ctia Thflc dan Phap lam le cfldp di nen ddc lap non tre ciia dan tdc, Giam muc Nguyen Ba j Tdng da thay mat cac giam muc ngfldi Viet
giii mdt dien van cho Tda Thanh va cho I gidi Cdng giao the gidi de nghi iing hp I chi'nh pbii mdi ciia Viet Nam,
"Chung tdi la bd'n giam muc Viet Nam
b Bui Chu, Vinh Long va Phat Diem,
j tuan thang trfldc day da giii mdt dien van yeu cau Dflc Giao hoang, trieu dinh La
Ma, cac Hdng y, Tdng giam muc, giam muc va het giao si cflng giao dan hoan cau, ling hd nen ddc lap ciia Td qud'c Viet Nam chung tdi Nay mdt lan nfla chung tdi len tieng thiet tha keu gpi ldng quang dai ciia khap Giao hdi dd'i vdi da't nflde chung tdi, mdt nflde da dfldc Dflc Giao hoang Truyen giao (tflc la Dflc Giao hoang Pid XI) hoi phong cho giam muc Viet Nam tien khdi nam 1933 da td mdi hi vpng cd se xflng dang cai danh hieu la "Con trfldng Giao hdi d Cflc Ddng" Nha't la chung tdi hd hao hai cfldng qud'c Anh, My xin can thiep mdt each hieu qua de chflng tdi khdi lam vao nan binh dao ghe sd, gifla luc ca hoan cau da dfldc hfldng thai binh bay lau nhfl mong ddi,, Phai, chinh lflc nay, d nflde Viet Nam chung tdi dang dien mdt cupc xung dot dang lo ngai Ldng qud'c anh dung va khdng lay chuyen ciia ngfldi Viet Nam dang xd hp chdn sa trfldng, xdng pha dan liia Chi vi mud'n gifl vflng nen ddc lap, chi vi mud'n benh vflc cdng If va tfl ma mdt sd' ldn dan dang bi giet hai, nhflng dan ma nflde Viet Nam ra't can de kie'n thie't va mflu la'y hanh phflc cho minh "''^'
Qua thge, qua cac giam muc ciia minh, ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam da bay td vdi the gidi Cdng giao va the gidi ndi chung la ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam gan bd va tha thie't vdi nen ddc lap ciia dan tdc, cung la muc tieu, li tfldng ciia tuyet dai da sd ngfldi Viet Nam luc ba'y gid La ngfldi Viet Nam, ngfldi Cdng giao cung da phai chiu chung so' phan ciia tuyet dai da sd ngfldi Viet Nam dfldi sfl thd'ng tri ciia ngoai bang, ciia chii nghia thflc dan, dd, cung nhfl bao ngfldi Viet Nam khac, cflng khao khat ddc lap, tfl va xem dd nhfl mdt gia tri cdn phai bao ve Ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam da mong mdi sd'ng niem tin tdn giao ciia minh t r o n g hda
2 Trfch theo: Nguydn Dinh Dau (J budi ddu ldi cd
Cdng gido deu img ho che'do Viet Nam Ddn ciui Cdng Iwa Bao Cdng gido vd Ddn tdc tuan Id
(3)16 Nghien ciiu Ton giao Sd - 2010
binh, mdt da't nflde ma mpi ngfldi deu dfldc yeu thfldng va tdn trpng
Nhufng thii t h a c h mdi
Nhflng niem vui ciia le Doc lap da khdng keo dai dfldc lau, Cupc chien tranh tai xam Ifldc Viet Nam ctia Phap va cupc khang chie'n de bao ve nen ddc lap ciia nhan dan Viet Nam da sdm hi td dam mau sac y thflc he; hflu than va vd than Va hau qua la khdng ft ngfldi Cdng giao, tflng hd hdi trfldc vien tfldng ciia mdt nflde Viet Nam ddc lap, gid day da bat dau lo au cho niem tin tdn giao ciia minh Ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam lflc da hi dat trfldc mpt sfl lfla chpn bi dat: Hoac tie'p tuc tham gia khang chien phong trao Viet Minh "cpng san vd than" va nhfl vay la tfl bd niem tin tdn giao hp da nhan dfldc tfl cha ong nhfl mdt dfldng dem lai cho hp sfl giai thoat, sfl cflu dp, nen tang ciia hanh phflc trfldng tdn Hoac tri va bao ve niem tin tdn giao ciia minh, nhflng nhfl the, va hoan canh cu the a'y, phai tfl bd cupc da'u tranh bao ve nen ddc lap phong trao khang chien nhflng ngfldi "cdng san vo than" lanh dao Sfl ddi nghich a'y chang nhflng da khdng cd dfldc mdt giai phap "hda giai" ma trai lai, da dfldc day tdi dinh diem, ve phia Giao hdi Cdng giao, vdi Thfl chung ciia cac giam muc Ddng Dfldng 1951 de dpa loai trfl khdi Giao hdi nhflng ngfldi Cdng glad gia nhap hay ling hd Viet Minh nam chi'nh quyen
Sfl lfla chpn trd nen dflt khoat De Lattre de Tassigny, Cao iiy Phap, ngfldi Cdng giao, vd'n xem cupc chie'n tranh tai xam Ifldc Viet Nam nhfl mpt cudc "Thap tfl chinh" va nhflng ngfldi linh Phap la nhflng chien si chien da'u de bao ve nen van minh Kitd giao''^', dfldc xem la ngfldi da cd mdt vai trd quan trpng viec day sfl ddi nghich na}' tdi dinh diem cua nd
Nhflng lich sii ciia dan tdc Viet Nam da khdng dflng lai d dd Va sau dd vd ca ve mat vat cha't liin tmh than If tfldng ca dan tdc theo dudi da tflng bfldc dfldc the hien: chien tranh da hoan toan cha'm dflt
tren da't nflde than yeu ciia chung ta, sfl thd'ng nha't da dfldc tai lap, nen doc lap cung da trd lai vdi dan tdc Chung ta khdng ngo de'n ndi khdng tha'y dfldc nhflng khd khan, tham chf nhflng mau thuan cu va mdi dang ddi phai dfldc giai quyet Nhflng chung tdi lai cung xac tfn rang, viec giai quye't nhflng khd khan va mau thuan hoan toan cd the dfldc tien hanh khdng phai bang da'u tranh de loai trfl ma bang ddi thoai de dat dfldc sfl ddng thuan can thie't che viec xay dflng mdt xa hpi moi mdi mang tfnh nhan van hdn, sfl tdn trpng nhflng khac biet tao nen sfl phong phu ciia kho tang van hda ciia dan tpc
Ket l u a n
Hdm nay, chung ta td chflc budi tfldng niem Lmh muc Pham Ba Trflc vdi tfl each la mdt linh muc da cd' gang thflc thi bdn phan chung ciia mgi cdng dan yeu chudng ddc lap, tfl I^inh muc Pham Ba Trflc cd the dfldc xem nhfl mdt hinh anh ciia mpt quan he hai hda gifla dao va ddi Linh muc da chpn di theo khang chien cho'ng Phap tai xam Ifldc de bao ve ddc lap ciia Td qud'c vdi tfl each Linh muc va han la Linh muc da cd the trd ve tiep tuc lam cdng tac muc vu tai mpt giao xfl nao dd theo fldc nguyen da bay td vdi be tren ciia Linh muc, dat nflde t h a n h binh, Nhflng Linh muc da qua ddi trfldc dfldc toai nguyen (5/10/1954), chl trfldc quan khang chien tie'n vao Thii dd Ha Npi
Y nguyen ctia Linh muc han se dfldc tiep tuc the hien hanh ddng ciia chflng ta giai doan lich sii hien ciia dan tdc Chflng ta se tim each the hien traeh nhiem ciia ngfldi Cdng giao gifla dan tdc va cung vdi dan tdc, vdi mpi ngfldi Viet Nam, qua dfldng ddi thoai, Lheo chung tdi, la dfldng cu the thfeh hdp vdi hien tai, hoan canh cu the ciia da't nflde hien nay,/
3, Xin xem: Tran Thi Lien, De Lattre an X'ietnain
1951 L'aniie de la Croisade luan van Cao hpc Sir