I hu hilt dau tu la mgt trong so ciic bi(}n phap dugc dat len hang dau irong phuong hudng phat trien kinh le cua huyen Phd Yi:n [2]. Vi chl cd thu hilt dau lu tire la xiiy di,rng cac [r]
(1)Ngo Thj My Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 91(03); 59-62
QUA TRINH DO THI HOA TAI HUYEN PHO YEN, TINH THAI NGUYEN: THI/C TRANG VA VAN DE
Ngo Thj My" Truwii> Dai hoc Kinh lc vd Quan tri kinh doanh - DII Thdi \guvc'n
TOM TAT
Do thj hoa la xu the tat y^u tren dudng phat trit:n ciia moi quoc gia Qua trinh thi hoa ditin het sire phuc tap lau dai va chju t^c dpng boi nhieu nhan to khac [ 11 Chinh su hinh thimh tren dien rpng voi so lupng Ion toe dp nhanh cua cac khu cong nghiep, khu che xuiit khu thj moi da gop phan cai thien dang ke ket cau tang o ca thj va nong thon Biii bao niiy sc di sau phan tich ve thirc trang ciia qua trinh thj hoa dang diCMi tai huvcn Pho YCMI tinh Thai Nguyen de chi nhung tiru han che vii kien nghj mot so giai phap giiip huyen Pho Yen khong ngirng phat trien nhCVng nam toi
Til" khoa: Do thi hoa, thirc trgng, thdnh tini vdn de huyen Phd Yen
DAT VAN DE
Pho Yen la huyen phia Nam ciia tinh Thai Nguyen giap voi Thu Ha nt5i Trong nhung nam gan day Dang bo va chinh quyen huyen da no lire eo gang de eo nhirng ehinh saeh cai thien moi truang dau tu, khai thac co hieu qua Igi the cua dja phuong huong toi xiiy dung huyen Pho Yen huyen cong nghiep vao nam 2020 [2] Trong nam tra lai day qua trlnh thj boa eua huyen Pho Yen dirge danh gia la phat trien nhanh chong Dieu dugc the hien thong qua so lugng dir an dau tir vao huyen cung nhu ty le dien tieh dat nong nghiep bj thu hoi phuc vu cho mue dieh thj boa Thuc le cho thay chinh qua trinh thj hoa da co nhUng bien doi sau sac den su phat trien kinh te xa hgi ciia loan huyen nhu: thuc day tang truong kinh te, giai quyet viec lam cho nguoi lao dgng, tirng buoc dua nguoi dan dja phuong huong toi eugc song chat lugng cao hon, Tren ea sa do, bai viet se di sau phan tich thuc trang cua qua trinh thj hoa nham chi nhung luu, ban che giiip ehinh quyen dja phuong eo the dua nhung quy^t saeh phii hgp tirong lai
PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CU'U
Nghien ciiu van dung phuang phap tiep can vimg dh phan tich nhung dja phuang co qua trinh thj hoa dien manh me (the hien qua s6 lugng cae du an dugc dau tu xay dung) Ngoai nghien ciru sir dung phuong phap thong ke mo ta de tong hgp so
* Tel: 0915 208444, Email: ngomy2008(c}gmail.com
lieu dieu tra danh gia dac diem dja ban nghien eiru vii thuc trang qua trinh thj hoa tai dja phuong So lieu moi ciia nghien eiru duoc thu thap thong qua phong van true tiep bang bang hoi danh eho cac hg nong dan bj thu hoi dat So lieu dieu tra diroc xu ly, long hgp tren phan mem Microsoft Excel So lieu thir cap dirge thu thap cac saeh, bao, bao eao tap chi mang internet va cac tai lieu van ban khac lien quan den van de nghien ciru
KET OUA NGHIEN CUU
Thyc trang qua trinh thi hoa (DTH) tai huyen Pho Yen
Tdc dd DTH eua huyen Phd Yen giai dogn 2006 2011
Qua trinh DTH dugc danh gia thong qua rat nhieu cac chi lieu khac nhung mot so cae chi tieu khong the thieu diroc chinh la toe DTH [3] Va tdc DTH eiia huyen Pho Yen duge the hien thong qua bieu diroi day:
T6c DTH cua huyen Ph6 Yen (2006-2011)
- , * - , , - :To P I H c u a l l l l y e • r ^
Bieu 01: Tdc DTH cua huyen Pho Yen, giai
doan 2006-2011 (DVT: %)
Nguon: So lieu dugc linh loan tir phong Thdng ke huyen Pho Yen [4]
(2)Nm'i Ihi Mv I iip chi KHOA \ H)C ,Ki CONG NGHE 91(03): 59-62
HicMi 01 cho (hiiy ttic dti 1)1 11 cua Imyt^'ii nluing mim qua cti sir tiiiig ICMI nhanh chiing NCMI nlur mim 2006 ttic tit) D i l i chi dat 10,6",, Ihi dcMi 2011 dii lii 22,5"'( Irong titi diing quan tam nhiit lii mim 2008 ttV- dti D i l i ciiii luiydi dat I7.7'lii (liing 5.5% so vtVi mim 2007), Nguyen nhiin diin den sir liing nhanh
i\o Ili ciitM iiiim 2007 va iliiii mim 2008 linh
Ihai Nguy CMI iioi chung va luiydi Phti Yen noi rieng dii iriiMi khai nit nhien chinh siich thiet thue v ice ken gt.ii vii lliii luil dau lir
I uy nhicMi kc lir eiitii niim 2008 anh lurong cua cutK khung hoang kinh it!' tht; giiii khicMi eho khong it ciic doanh ngliiti-p roi viio tinh trimg kho khiin Chinh dit}ii gay nluing tlie diing khong nho dcMi tinh hinh iliiii tu lai luiydi Plui Yen Oua nghien eiru tluic tc eho thiiy tlic dli D i l i eua huyen miic dii mini sau Viin cao ban niim IrinVc nhung toe timg lai giam chill it so vtVi nhiing nam trirae dti Cu the: nam 2009 toe dg dii thj hiia la 19.2% (tang 1.5% so voi 2008) nam 2010 la 21.8% (tang 2.6% so viVi 2009) vii dae bict lii mini n toe do thj boa lii 22.5% (ehi lang 0.7% so vdi 2010) Song, day viin la cac sti dang ke so vtVi nhieu dja phuong khac tmh Thai Nguytin
Ihuc trgng edc du dn duge cdp phep ddu tu vao huyen nhung ndm qua
I hu hilt dau tu la mgt so ciic bi(}n phap dugc dat len hang dau irong phuong hudng phat trien kinh le cua huyen Phd Yi:n [2] Vi chl cd thu hilt dau lu tire la xiiy di,rng cac khu diin eu khu dd thj va khu cdng nghitjp thi mdi CO ditlMi kidi cluiydMi djeh co ciiu kinh tt: sang hirdng liip trung vao cong nghiep xiiy dirng va djch vii De nghiti-n cuu viin de miy la xem bang 01 cu the nhu sau;
Bang 01: Thirc trang cdc Dl ddu Urdu clinic cdp
gidy phep nen dia hdn huvcn Phd ) en
So Difn tich Quy mo von lu'ung dSu tu diiu tir
DA (ha) ((> dong)
2006 I 9.45 " M)
2007 175.77 734 2008 17 1083.8 15815 2009 13 498.1 J5 4470.91 2010 557.29 3619 2011 15 529,46 _ 3264.553^
.\gu('m: Sir Ke hogeh ddu tir ttnh Thai \giiyen 2011
Nam
Nlur Viiy sti lugng dir iin tir 2006 den 201 da cti sy ihiiy ddi diing ke Neu nlur nam 2006 chl Cti diiy iiluil I d\,\' lin dirge cap phep dau tir viio luiydi thi eon so dd dii thay ddi 2007 17 mini 2008 vii tinh den het 2011 dii cti 56 d^r iin tlm.ic ciip phep dau tu vao luiydi Cimg vtii sir tiing ICMI ve mat so lirgng dir iin thi ditjii tieh diil dai va quy md viin dau lir cho dir iin ciing tiing ICMI nhanh chiing Cu the mim 2006 quy md eua I du an ehi lii 30 ty diMig thi den mim 2008 long sti IJCMI dau lu cho dir an dii ICMI tdi 1582,'^ ly dtiiig, Nhirng con sti miy lai giam a cac nam 2009 2010 va 201 Diiy ehinh la nuuycn nhan dan den ttic lit) 1) 111 lai dja pluriTng giam xuong (nhu tren dli phiin tieh) Song diiy mdi chi la sti lugng du lin dugc ciip phep diiu tu vao huyen Tuy nhicMi sd dir an thirc te dii di viio trien khai thuc hien lai khdng phai la tat ca (co chi ehiCMu 60 -70% long sd) DICMI cho thay tinh hinh trien khai thuc hien cac diran dau tirtai huyen Phd Yen van edn nhieu bat cap Thiinh tuu va mot sd van de dat ciia qua trinh DTH tai huvcn Pho ^ en
Thdnh luu
Thir nhdl D i l i dan dCMi sir chuyen dich ca
eau kinh tc theo hirdng ngiiy cang hgp ly han (tire 111 cdng nghiijp giu vai trd ehu dao CO Ciiu ngrmh) tao da eho kinh tc xa hgi noi eluiiig killing ngirng phat triCMi
Thir hal D i l i tiio ra IIIUCMI CO hgi vc nghe nghiep eho nguoi lao ddng tiii dui phirang Voi nhirng sd 2000 ngudi (vao nam 2008) U ngirdi (viio nam 2010) va 132 ngudi (vao 201 I) cho lliiiy vai tro dang ke eiia cua quii trinh D i l i tai hu\cn Phd Nen
///// ba, o khfa canh ngiriii ndng dan bj thu hdi diit ehinh qua trinh dd thj hda da tao nen sir thay ddi eu the nhu thu nhap ed chieu hudng tiing (cd tixMi 6()%> y kitin hci dirge phong Viin ddng y vdi nhan djnh nay), tu san xuiit bat diiu cd sir thay ddi (biet da dan^ hda san xuat dc lang thu nhap) va dac biet da nhan thay vai trd cua chat lugng lao dgng tham gia vao san xuat tai eae khu dd thj khu cdng nghiep ndi chung va lai ho gia dinh ndi rieng
(3)Ngo Thj My Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGI IE 91(03); 59-62 Mdt sd vdn de tdn tgi
Thu nhdt, DTH gay len sir mk\ can doi ve thu nhap (phan hda giau ngheo) giua viing ndng thdn va thj cang Idn Nguyen nhan chinh la nhirng ngudi dan thj nang dong hon vi ho song gan vdi nhieu nha miiy xi nghiep duge tiep xiic vdi nhiing djeh v u phat trien ban nen thu nhap cua hg cao hon Irong khi ngudi dan ndng thdn thi viin trung vdi san xuat nong nghiep vdi each thuc lam viec "ban mat eho dat ban krng cho trdi'"' \ a dd la nguyen nhan dan den v ice thap ca v c thu nhap, trinh lan vice tiep can vdi ciic djch vu phat trien Do v ay ctdi song eiia hg da kho khan lai cang khd khan hon De giai quyCM van de ddi hoi ehinh quyen dja phuong phai ed nhung chien luge, ehinh saeh giiip ngudi dan thay ddi tu san xuat tap trung dau tu vdn mdt each ed hieu qua, irng dung khoa hgc ky thuat vao san xuat, nang cao chat lugng lao ddng Cd nhu vay mcii giam bot dirge sir phan hda giau ngheo giua dd thj va ndng thdn
TIn'r hai ca sd tang dirge dau tu nhieu nhirng khdng ddng bd nhirng noi ma qua trinh thj hda dien manh he thong dien ludi, dudng giao thdng duge dau tu kha hien dai thi nguge lai he thdng thoat nirdc thai lai chua dugc chit y Chinh dieu da gay nhung anh hirdng khdng tdt vdi sire khoe cua ngirdi dan sdng khu thj De khac phuc ton tai yeu cau dat vdi chinh quyen huyen la xay dirng va phat trien dd thj phai gan lien vdi quy hoach tdng the (tiie la nen phan vimg cu the va tap trung cho cac khu thj va khu cdng nghiep tranh viec xay dung mdi cho mdt it vira lam mat canh quan chung, vira khien san xuat ndng nghiep bj phan tan)
Thu ba, dd thj hda da giai quyet duge nhieu viec lam eho ngudi dan nhirng cfmg ehinh no da khien khdng it ngudi lao ddng roi vao tinh trang that nghiep Van de lo lang hien va trong giai doan tdi ddi vdi ngudi lao dgng huyen Phd Yen la su giam siit dat canh tac
anh hirdng den v ice lam va diii sdng cua ho DTH da day ndng diin dCMi mai diit hoac giiim dat siin xuat ndng nghiep khiCMi nW\cn ngirdi nong dan khdng cti v iijc lam Tluie tc miy ddi hoi chinh quy CMI dja phuong can nhanh chcing mo Ciic dcio tiio nghe khiing chi eho lao diing bj thu hdi diil mii ctin cho ca tiing ldp lao dong trong tuong lai Cti the lien ket voi ciic doanh nghiep dc uu titin luyen dung luiin nhirng lao dgng dli qua diio lao miy; hoac dc chinh sach nCni ciic doanh nghitip lai dja phuong su dung ngudi lao dong dja phuong Ihi sc hd trg kinh phi Ngoiii ehinh quyen dja phirang Cling ciin trich mdt phan lien chuyen ddi mue dieh sir dung dat viio ciic trudng day nghe cua dja phirang nham nang eao chat lugng dao lao nghe vii hti lig mtii phan hpc phi ddi vdi eon em nhirng gia dinh bj thu hiii dat Rieng ddi vdi nhfrng lao dting da qua tuoi dao lao nghe ma bj thu hoi dat thi can khuy CMI khich hg chuyen sang cac nganh djch vu lieu thil cdng nghiep vtVi cac hinh thirc thieh hgp
Thir tu: cae van de v e di cu ap luc tang ca sd an ninh trai tu khu thj dang la cap bach hien Do dd, ehinh quyen dja phuong can tuyen truyen van dong den tirng ngudi dan hieu dugc he qua eua v iec di eir d at khu thj Ben canh can giir gin ban sac van hoa dan toe, ban ehe nhung anh hudng lieu cue eiia van hoa hudng lae xa hoa xa rdi vdi phong tuc tdt dep ciia dja phuong [5]
KET EUAN
(4)Ngo Thj My T?p chi Kl lOA I IQC & CONG NGHE 91(03): 59-62 Al :il IHAM KHAO
[1) Bp Xiiv dung (1995) /)() thj Tiet Nam tap I Nxb Xiiv dung Hii Nt)!,
[2] Quv hoach phiil trit:n luivt^n I'lio YCMI (2011) [3] l.uiin Villi Thgc sv Ngti Ihi My, tru'dng DII Kinh tC- v.i QTKD Ihiii Nguy CMI (2009) .inh
hinrng cita dd ihi hda den phdt Irien kinh le xd hgi dig hityi'ii Phd Yen lmh Thdi Nguyen
[4[ Diing bp huygn Pho YCMI. hdo cdo ket qua thuc hien de dn cai thien nidi trudng ddu tu vd xdy dung ket cdu hg tdng phuc vu phdt trien kinh le xd hgi huyen Phd Yen tir nam 2006 den
[5| Trjnh Duy Luan (1996) 71m hieu mdn xd hgi
hoc dd thj Nxb Khoa hpc xS hpi
SUMMARY
THE PROCESS OF IRBANIZATION IN PHO YEN DISTRICT, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE: CURRENT SITUATIONS AND PROBLEMS
Ngo Thi My' ('allege of t'.cononiics and fUisiness Administration TMJ
Urbanization is an inevitable trend in the development process of nations Urbanization process is complicated, taking place for a long time and it is affected by various factors The proliferation of industrial /ones, export processing zones, and urban centers has contributed to the infrastructure improvement in both urban and rural areas, fhis paper will focus on analyzing the current urbanization status taking place in Pho Yen district Thai Nguyen province From this analysis, this paper \s'\\\ point out achievements and challenges as well as lo propose some feasible solutions for Pho > en district to the sustainable development in the coming years
Key words: L'rhanizatiim status, achievements, problems, in Pho )en district
Tel: 0915 208444 Email: ngomy2008uigimiil.eom