Chiến lược dịch từ mới lý lan sử dụng trong tập bốn của bộ truyện harry potter

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION GRADUATION PAPER TRANSLATION STRATEGIES USED BY LY LAN IN TRANSLATING NEOLOGISMS IN THE FOURTH VOLUME OF “THE HARRY POTTER” SERIES Supervisor: Nguyễn Thị Diệu Thúy Student: Trần Thị Hoan Course: QH2011.F1.E20 HÀ NỘI – 05/2015 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ KHOA SƯ PHẠM TIẾNG ANH KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP CHIẾN LƯỢC DỊCH TỪ MỚI LÝ LAN SỬ DỤNG TRONG TẬP BỐN CỦA BỘ TRUYỆN “HARRY POTTER” Giáo viên hướng dẫn: Nguyễn Thị Diệu Thúy Sinh viên: Trần Thị Hoan Khóa: QH2011.F1.E20 HÀ NỘI – 2015 ACCEPTANCE PAGE I hereby state that I: Trần Thị Hoan, class QH11.F1.E20, being a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Arts (TEFL) accept the requirements of the College relating to the retention and use of Bachelor’s Graduation Paper deposited in the library In terms of these conditions, I agree that the origin of my paper deposited in the library should be accessible for the purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the librarian for the care, loan or reproduction of the paper Signature Date ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to my parents and my siblings who have given me a great succor on completing this research Secondly, I am also grateful to my supervisor Mrs Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy for her enthusiastic guidance over the last few months Had it not been for her orientation and comments I could not have finished the study at this moment She encouraged me to raise questions and was willing to discuss problems that I encountered during research process Last, but not least, the support from the University of Languages and International Studies by means of providing consultations, rich material sources for references also contributes to realizing the study ABSTRACT The thesis aims to figure out the characteristics of neologisms in the story “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire” and the translation procedures applied by Ly Lan in its Vietnamese translation “Harry Potter và Chiếc Cốc Lửa” to translate English invented words The study mainly involved observation of English source text to identify new words and expressions and then the researcher classifed them based on Newmark’s taxonomy integrated with word-formation mechanisms In addition, Vietnamese translations of English neologisms are dissected to work out translation strategies that Vietnamese translator – Ly Lan used to deal with novel words In brief, the majority of new words in the fourth volume in “Harry Potter” series are new forms which experience changes in forms and compounding is the dominant word-formation process in creation of neologisms Ly Lan utilizes numerous strategies to translate new words in which “Literal translation” and “Loan translation” are preferred ones LISTS OF FIGURES, TABLES AND ABBREVIATIONS ST Source text TT Target text SL Source language TL Target language TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acceptance page ………………………………………………………………… i Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………… ii Abstract …………………………………………………………………………… iii List of figures, tables and abbreviations ………………………………………… iv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Statement of the problem and rationale for the study………………… 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study………………………………………… 1.3 Significance of the study………………………………………………… 1.4 Scope of the study………………………………………………………… CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Definition of Neologisms………………………………………………… 2.2 Typology of Neologisms………………………………………………… 2.3 Strategies for Translating Neologisms…………………………………… 2.4 Summary………………………………………………………………… 13 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 3.1 Selection of subjects……………………………………………………… 14 3.2 Data Collection instruments……………………………………………… 14 3.3 Data Collection Procedures……………………………………………… 14 3.4 Data Analysis Procedures………………………………………………… 15 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Characteristics of neologisms in the fourth volume of the “Harry Potter” series…………………………………………………………………………… 16 4.2 Translation procedures used by Ly Lan to translate neologisms in the fourth volume of the “Harry Potter” series………………………………… 30 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 5.1 Summary of findings……………………………………………………… 39 5.2 Limitations of the study…………………………………………………… 40 5.3 Suggestions for further studies…………………………………………… 40 REFERENCES APPENDICES CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Statement of the problem and rationale for the study Neologism as Newmark (1988) describes is the most problematic translational issue This demands translators more effort to find out the appropriate equivalents To specify, in addition to basic requirements in translation in general such as linguistic competencies, knowledge of SL’s and TL’s cultures, translators have to study neologisms, namely their creation mechanisms, the intention of the author to coin them out and their lexical relations with other words and expressions in the source text Hence, it is understandable when Mohammadian, Panahi, Samadi & Shomoossi (2013) claim that: “Translation is not always as easy as finding predetermined equivalents in glossaries or dictionaries and put them in their syntactically appropriate positions in the target language.” (p 352) From literature’s perspective, it is believed that some characteristics of a work may result from the way the author makes a decision to use this or that word Hence, neologisms - lexical units which are purposefully invented or added with new meanings may make contributions to featuring literary works Similarly, in children’s fiction - one of literary corpus which requires a concentration in terms of content and theme – neologism is viewed as an important tool for the author to create their works Among children’s fictions in literature history, Harry Potter series written by J.K Rowling appears to be one of the most successful Consisting of volumes, the series features the magical world surrounding Harry Potter – a young wizard The success of the author in devising this fictional world is greatly attributed to the system of neologisms Considering translational aspects, neologisms in the Harry Potter series is a great challenge to translators of any languages, including Vietnamese Ly Lan, a Vietnamese translator, has gained reputation for her translations of all seven volumes into Vietnamese It is far from easy to translate the books, mainly due to words with “hard-to9 identify” meanings However, linguists and specialists have high opinion of Ly Lan for her quick and mostly exact translations This is followed by an outstanding question: How does Ly Lan cope with neologisms, the most problematic issue in the Harry Potter Series, to “re-produce” the magic world coined by J.K Rowling? Until now, the quantity of studies working on Vietnamese translations of English neologisms in the Harry Potter series remains modest Furthermore, the analysis of neologisms’ characteristics still falls in classifying neologisms according to their referents in reality instead of digging deeper into word-formation mechanisms Aware of that, the researcher decides to conduct a study on translation procedures used by Ly Lan to deal with new words in the Harry Potter series Besides, considering the size of the study as a thesis, working on all volumes appears impossible and impractical Hence, the fourth volume “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire” and its Vietnamese translation “Harry Potter và Chiếc Cốc Lửa” are selected for research “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire” is the fourth volume in the Harry Potter series which depicts the fourth school year of Harry Potter in Hogwarts This volume is noted with the re-emergence of Dark Lord Voldemort and the stunningly expansion of magical world with the introduction of the Quidditch World Cup and the Tri-wizard laying foundation for the development of story in the next volumes J.K Rowling also claimed that “It’s the central book It's pivotal in every sense” (Accio Quote! 2000) Besides, it is inevitable that the extension of the fictional world devised by the author results in a higher frequency of neologisms Indeed, a brief investigation on all volumes has revealed that this volume surpasses the others considering the quantity of neologisms This presents a potential source of data for any researcher who wants to work on neologisms translations 1.2 Aims and objectives The research is, first, aimed at identifying neologisms in the volume “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire” in the Harry Potter Series and at discussing how they are 10 translator to translate neologisms In other words, few lexical units are translated by this procedure 4.3.1 Translation by using more general words This translation strategy involves using a superordinate to translate its hyponyms Most of compounds referring to sweets or drinks which are non-existent in Vietnamese and even in the source language are translated by using more general words For example, “Pumpkin Juice” is translated as “Nước bí rợ”, or “Canary Creams” as “Bánh kem Hoàng Yến/Bánh kem Yến” However, “The Salem Witches’ Institute” is an exception Its Vietnamese equivalent is “Viện phù thủy Salem” The translator used “Phù thủy” instead of “Nữ phù thủy” though “witches” refers to “Nữ phù thủy” Besides, the proper name “Salem” reminds readers of a secret group of witches who were sentenced to death due to their mysterious abilities That “witch” does not exist in Vietnamese culture might be the reasoning for Ly Lan’s translation English version Vietnamese Translation Sugar Quill Bút kẹo Pear Drop Kẹo Lê Owl treats Kẹo cú 4.3.2 Omission Omission is a translation strategy in which the translator removes a ST word or expression from the TT This procedure is suggested in case the word omitted plays no crucial role in providing information in the ST In the volume, there is only one case translated by this strategy – a compound “Hinkypunks” This word appeared on chapter 14 when Moody Mad-Eye listed some Dark Creatures Ly Lan entirely left out this word in Vietnamese translation English version Vietnamese version “I’ve had a letter from Professor Lupin “Tôi có nhận được thư của thầy Lupin về about this class Seems you’ve had a pretty lớp này Có vẻ các trò đã có kiến thức thorough grounding in tackling Dark khá hoàn thiện về cách xử lý mấy sinh vật creatures — you’ve covered boggarts, Red Hắc ám… Các trò đã biết xử tụi Ông Kẹ, Caps, hinkypunks, grindylows, Kappas, ma đầm lấy, ma da, thủy quái, ma da, và cả and werewolves, is that right?” người sói, đúng không? This strategy is also applied as a component of the word is eliminated in the TT “Animagus” is a neologism formed by blending “Animal” and a Latin word “magus” meaning “mage” Ly Lan translated this word as “Người biến hình” The component “Animal” does not appear in Vietnamese translation However, right in same volume the translator translates it as “Người hóa thú” – which is considered more faithful to the English version 4.3.3 Translation by using unrelated words In case TL equivalents for SL words and expression is non-existent while there is no need to clarify their meaning; unrelated words are utilized for translating The advantage of this strategy is that the translator can keep the translation go smoothly and get the sense of humor across readers There are two English words translated by this strategy, namely “Dementor” and “Gobbledegook” Firstly, the Vietnamese translation for “dementor” is “Giám ngục” At the first sight, this translation seems to be suitable considering the job of “dementor”, for this creature is employed as guards of Azkaban prison in the magical world of Harry Potter Nevertheless, Ly Lan translation is considered unrelated to the meaning of dementor - “who/which sucks out people” “Goobledegook” is defined as the native language of goblins (harrypotter.wikia.com) Ly Lan translated it as “Lộp ộp ngữ” “Ngữ” here is equivalent to “language”, but “lộp ộp”, describing the voice of frogs in Vietnamese, is not related to the meaning of the English word Nevertheless, using the reduplicative word “lộp ộp” retains the sound effect of the English word “Goobledegook” which is formed by means of alliteration Though translations using this strategy are not meaning-related to the ST, it is obvious that translator based on other sources such as referents of the words in the real world or formation mechanisms of neologisms to translate CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 5.1 Summary of findings In brief, the study step by step gives the answer for the two questions raised at the beginning Firstly, there are 284 novel words and expressions recorded in the volume “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire”, including 102 sematic neologisms and 182 invented terms of new forms In “semantic neologisms”, the majority of neologisms are “old words, expressions with new sense”, presenting 63.7% of semantic neologisms while “loan words” account for 26.3% Most of borrowed words come from Latin and French which are considered common loan sources for English in general Other sources identified include Japanese and Hebrew Considering “new forms” neologisms, J.K Rowling cleverly utilizes words formation mechanisms to devise new words Compounding is the most preferred process with 70.3 % of “new forms”, followed by affixation with 12.1 % Other less common processes are abbreviation and blending Secondly, in Vietnamese translation “Harry Potter và Chiếc Cốc Lửa” of the “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire”, Vietnamese translator utilizes various strategies to handle neologisms The most dominant procedure is “literal translation” which accounts for 74.3%, followed by “loan translation” with 13.4% While literal translation is mostly applied for existing words and expressions with new meanings and neologisms created through formation, the translator makes use of “loan translation” to “translate” borrowed words Some other minor strategies recognized in Vietnamese translations include translation by using more general words, omission and translations by using unrelated words, holding 12.3% of translation procedures 5.2 Limitations of the study Despite certain practical contributions, the study still has some limitations Firstly, due to the restriction of time and space, some sections are not elaborated in detail or clipped to meet the requirements for a thesis Furthermore, the quantity of precedent studies on Vietnamese translations of “Harry Potter” series in general and translation of neologisms in the series still remains modest Hence, the researcher has faced with many difficulties in comparison and analysis of translation procedures 5.3 Suggestions for further studies Researchers who are keen on Vietnamese translations of neologisms in the “Harry Potter” series in general and the fourth volume “The Goblet of Fire” in particular may consider the following suggestions as a step forward to further studies Firstly, researchers may consider conducting a comprehensive study on all volumes of the “Harry Potter” series which involves investigating translation procedures used in Vietnamese translations of English texts This may provide a panorama on how Vietnamese translators, mainly Ly Lan, tackle with invented words Secondly, figuring out correspondences between English neologisms and Vietnamese translations proves potential topics for further research REFERENCES Baker, M (1993) Corpus linguistics and translation studies: Implications and applications Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Bauer, L (1994) Watching English change: An Introduction to the Study of Linguistic Change in standard Englishes in the twentieth century London: Longman Cabré, M T (1999) Terminology: Theory, Methods and Applications Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Delabastita, D (2004) Literary style in translation: Archaisms and Neologisms pp 883888 Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Hòn Đá Phù Thủy Ho Chi Minh: Youth Publishing House Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Phòng Chứa Bí Mật Ho Chi Minh: Youth Publishing House Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Tên Tù Nhân ngục Azkaban Ho Chi Minh: Youth Publishing House Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Chiếc Cốc Lửa Ho Chi Minh: Youth Publishing House Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Mệnh Lệnh Phượng Hoàng Ho Chi Minh: Youth Publishing House Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Hoàng Tử Lai Ho Chi Minh: Youth Publishing House Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Bảo Bối Tử Thần Ho Chi Minh: Youth Publishing House Mohammadian, S A R., Panahi, M., Samadi M & Shomoossi, N (2013) Correspondence in Translating Neologisms into Persian: an Example from Children’s Fiction Life Science Journal 2013, 10(9s), 352-360 Newmark, P (1988) A Textbook of Translation London: Prentice Hall Niska, H (1998) Explorations in translational creativity: Strategies for interpreting neologisms Stockholm: Department of Finnish, Stockholm University OED (2015) Oxford English Dictionary (9th ed.) Oxford: Oxford University Rowling, J K (1997) Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone London: Bloomsbury Publishing Rowling, J K (1999a) Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets London: Bloomsbury Publishing Rowling, J K (1999b) Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban London: Bloomsbury Publishing Rowling, J K (2000) Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire London: Bloomsbury Publishing Rowling, J K (2003) The Order of the Phoenix London: Bloomsbury Publishing Rowling, J K (2005) Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince London: Bloomsbury Publishing Rowling, J K (2007) Harry Potter and the Deathly Hollows London: Bloomsbury Publishing Silvia, P (2001) Handbook of Terminology Terminology and Standardization Directorate Translation Bureau Canada: Public Works and Government Services Canada Snell-Horny, M (1995) Translation Studies: An Integrated Approach Amsterdam / Philadelphia: John Benjamins Parianou, A & Kelandrias I.P (2002) Modern specialised languages - the influence of english on greek Corfu: Ionian University Anastasia Parianou, Panayiotis I Kelandrias Vinay, J P & Darbelnet, J (1995) Comparative Stylistics of French and English: A Methodology for Translation Amsterdam Philadelphia: John Benjamins http://www.accio-quote.org/articles/2000/0600-times-treneman.html http://www.accio-quote.org/articles/1999/1299-wamu-rehm.htm http://www.accio-quote.org/articles/1999/1099-connectiontransc2.htm http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki APPENDICES WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS IDENTIFIED IN ENGLISH VERSION AND VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION OF “HARRY POTTER AND THE GOBLET OF FIRE” English terms Vietnamese translations Wormtail Đuôi Trùn Dark Lord Chúa tể hắc ám Mad-Eye Mắt-điên Weird Sisters Quái Tỷ Muội Padfoot Chân nhồi Long-haired pillock Tướng cướp tóc dài Ventriloquist Kẻ nói bằng bụng He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named Kẻ-chớ-gọi-tên-ra You-Know-Who Kẻ-mà-ai-cũng-biết-là-ai Muggle Muggle Mudblood Máu bùn Snuffle Không dịch/Chú khụt khịt Death Eater Tử thần thực tử Nick-Nearly-Headless Nick suýt mất đầu Auror Thần sáng/Thần Ánh sáng An Obliviator Chuyên viên Lú gamekeeper Người giữ khóa Beater Tấn thủ Chaser Truy thủ Seeker Tầm thủ Dementor Giám mục/Giám ngục Unregistered Animagus Người biến hình không có đăng kí Part-veela Lai tiên nữ Half-giant Người lai khổng lồ Part human Kẻ lai người Wood nymphs Nữ thần rừng Extra-concentrated ghost Ma siêu hạng Grindylow Con thủy quái Pet grindylow Thủy quái kiểng Merpeople Cư dân người cá The Merchieftainess Thủ lĩnh người cá Murcus Kappas Ma da Boggarts Ông kẹ Red Caps Ma đầm lấy Diagon Alley Hẻm Xéo Nine and Platform three-quarters Sân ga chín-ba-phần-tư The Top Box Khu thượng hạng Flourish and Blotts’ bookshop Tiệm sách Phú quý và Cơ hàn Honeydukes Sweetshop Tiệm Công tước mật Zonko’s Joke Shop Tiệm giỡn Zonko The perfects’ bathroom Phòng tắm dành cho các huynh trưởng Department of Magical Games and Bộ Thể dục thể thao Phù thủy Sports Floo regulation Panel Ủy ban điều phối Floo The Department of Magical Bộ Giao thông Phù thủy Transportation Accidental Magic Reversal Squad Đội Giải trừ tai nạn Phù thủy The Goblin Liaison Office Văn phòng liên lạc với yêu tinh The Department of Magical Law Bộ Thi hành Pháp luật Enforcement Magical Dark Force Defense League Liên đoàn phòng chống nghệ thuật Hắc Ám The House Elf Liberation Front Mặt trận giải phóng gia tinh Wizard’s wireless Hệ thống vô tuyến phù thủy WWN (Wizarding Wireless Network) HTP (hệ thống truyền thông phù thủy) The Floo Network S-P-E-W (the Society for the Promotion of Elfish Welfare) Mạng Floo H.V.Đ.C.Q.L.G.T: Hội Vịt Đẹt Cho Quyền Lơi Gia Tinh – Hội Vận Động Cho Quyền Lợi Gia Tinh Anti -Muggle security Qui định an ninh chống Muggle The Salem Witches’ Institute Viện phù thủy Salem Ordinary Wizarding Levels Kì thi Phù thủy thường đẳng O.W.L.s (Ordinary Wizarding Levels) Bằng Phù thủy thường đẳng/ Chứng chỉ phù thủy thường Đẳng The triwizard tournament Thi đấu Tam Pháp thuật Tri-Wizard Cup Cúp tam Pháp thuật The Quidditch World Cup/ The World Cúp Quidditch Thế giới / Cúp thế giới/ Trận Cup Chung Kết Quidditch Thế giới the Inter-House Championship Vô địch Liên – Nhà Flying with the Cannons Sách “Bay cùng súng Thần công” Unfogging the Future Vén màn tương lai Sleekeazy’s Hair Potion Chất thuốc Tóc Bóng Poly-Juice Thuốc Đa dịch Pepperup Potion Hạt tiêu tùng Truth Potion Chân Dược Veritaserum Veritaserum Accio Accio (footnote – tới đây) Imperio Imperio (footnote – độc đoán) Engorgio Engorgio (footnote – phồng lên) Crucio Crucio (footnote – tra tấn) Reducio Reducio (Footnote – teo lại) Avada Kedavra Avada Kedavra MorseMordre MorseMordre ( footnote - Miếng cắn của thần chết – gốc la tinh) Stupefy Mê muội/ Chết đứng Expelliarmus Giải giới/ Expelliarmus Rennervate Rennervate ( footnote - hồi sinh) Prior Incantato Prior Incantato / Câu thần chú vừa rồi) / những câu thần chú từ trước đến Deletrius Deletrius ( footnote - tẩy xóa) Orchideous Orchideous (footnote - trổ hoa) Avis Avis (foot-note Chim bay) Quietus Quietus (footnote - Im lặng) Lumos Lumos (footnote - Tỏa sáng)/ Tỏa sáng Riddkulus Riddkulus (footnote - Kỳ cà kỳ cục) Impedimenta Impedimenta (footnote - dừng bước) Obliviate Obliviate (footnote – Quên đi) Disapparate/ Appartate Độn thổ tàng hình Cross-Species Switches Phép đổi chủng The Four-Point Spell Lời nguyền Bốn Điểm The Reverse Spell Bùa Chú Nghịch Đảo Memory Charms Bùa Mê Ngải Lú Engorgement Charms Bùa Sưng Tù Vù Strong Confundus Charm Bùa Lú cực mạnh Bubble-Head Charm Bùa Đầu Bong Bóng Muggle Repelling Charms Ếm bùa Đuổi Muggle Severing Charm Bùa Đứng đắn The Imperius Curse Lời nguyền Độc tài The Cruciatus Curse Lời nguyền Hành hạ A Conjunctivitis Curse Thần chú Nguyền Viêm Kết mạc Non-human creature Sinh vật phi nhân House-elf/elf Gia tinh Blast-Ended Skrewts Quái Tôm Đuôi-nổ Flobberworm Nhu trùng Horned toads Cóc có sừng Niffles Con Đào mỏ Portkey Khóa cảng The triple-decker Knight Bus Xe đò Hiệp sĩ Ba tầng Marauder’s map Bản đồ của Đạo tặc The pensieve Cái tưởng kí The Floo Powder Bột Floo Firebolt Chởi thần Tia chớp Omnioculars Ờng nhòm hùn bí Dark Detectors Do thám hắc ám Foe-Glass Gương thù Broomstick servicing kit Đồ nghề bảo trì chổi thần The Daily Prophet Nhật báo Tiên tri Howler Thư Sấm Ton-Tongue Toffees Kẹo Phù Lưỡi Butterbeer Bia bơ Pumpkin juice Nước bí rợ Chocolate Frogs Sô-cô-la ếch nhái Trick sweets Kẹo bánh bịp Skele-Gro Rượu Mo-Xu ... NGỮ KHOA SƯ PHẠM TIẾNG ANH KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP CHIẾN LƯỢC DỊCH TỪ MỚI LÝ LAN SỬ DỤNG TRONG TẬP BỐN CỦA BỘ TRUYỆN ? ?HARRY POTTER? ?? Giáo viên hướng dẫn: Nguyễn Thị Diệu Thúy... impractical Hence, the fourth volume ? ?Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire” and its Vietnamese translation ? ?Harry Potter và Chiếc Cốc Lửa” are selected for research ? ?Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire”... Archaisms and Neologisms pp 883888 Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Hòn Đá Phù Thủy Ho Chi Minh: Youth Publishing House Lan, Ly (Trans.) (2011) Harry Potter và Phòng Chứa Bí Mật