Unit 9 Preserving The Environment

— Khi chuyển lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp, ta chuyển said to thành told- Ngoài ra còn phải thay đổi ngôi số của đại từ cho phù hợp. Ex: He said, ―I have to finish these exer[r]

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TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10- HỌC KỲ

Ngoại ngữ MTEC – Số 2A, ngõ 52, phố Nam Dư, Lĩnh Nam, Hoàng Mai, HN Giáo viên : Nguyễn Thị Thuận Email & Facebook: nguyenthithuanbg@gmail.com

Điện thoại : 0969 953 568 Website: http://english4all.edu.vn

115

UNIT PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT Bảo vệ môi trường

I Vocabulary:

1 aquatic /əˈkwætɪk/(adj): nước, sống nước article /ˈɑːtɪkl/(n): báo

3 chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ (n)/ (adj): hóa chất, hóa học confuse /kənˈfjuːz/(v): làm lẫn lộn, nhầm lẫn + confusion /kənˈfjuːʒn/ (n): lẫn lộn, nhầm lẫn

5 consumption /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ (n): tiêu thụ, tiêu dùng contaminate /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ (v): làm bẩn, nhiễm damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/(v): làm hại, làm hỏng

8 deforestation /ˌdiːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃn/(n) : phá rừng, phát quang degraded /dɪˈɡreɪd/ (adj): giảm sút chất lượng

10 deplete /dɪˈpliːt/ (v) : làm suy yếu, cạn kiệt + depletion/dɪˈpliːʃn/ (n): suy yếu, cạn kiệt

11 destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/ (n): phá hủy, tiêu diệt 12 ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ (n): hệ sinh thái

13 editor /ˈedɪtə(r)/ (n) : biên tập viên 14 fertilizer /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə(r)/ (n): phân bón

15 fossil fuel (n.phr): nhiên liệu hóa thạch (làm từ phân hủy động vật hay thực vật tiền sử)

16 global warming /ˈɡləʊblˈwɔːmɪŋ/(n.phr): nóng lên tồn cầu 17 greenhouse effect /ˈɡriːnhaʊsɪˈfekt/ (n.phr): hiệu ứng nhà kính 18 influence (v,n): ảnh hưởng, tác dụng

19 inorganic /ˌɪnɔːˈɡỉnɪk/(adj): vơ

20 long-term /ˌlɒŋ ˈtɜːm/ (adj): dài hạn, lâu dài

21 mass-media /ˌmỉs ˈmiːdiə/(n.phr): thơng đại chúng 22 pesticide /ˈpestɪsaɪd/(n): thuốc trừ sâu

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116 + pollutant /pəˈluːtənt/ (n): chất ô nhiễm

+ pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ (n): ô nhiễm

25 preserve/prɪˈzɜːv/ (y): giữ gìn, bảo tồn

+ preservation /ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/(n): bảo tồn, trì 26 protect /prəˈtekt/ (v): bảo vệ, che chở

+ protection /prəˈtekʃn/ (n): bảo vệ, che chở 27 sewage /ˈsuːɪdʒ/ (n) : nước cống

28 solution /səˈluːʃn/(n): giải pháp, cách giải 29 vegetation /ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃn/(n): cỏ, thực vật II Grammar:

1 Reported speech (Lời nói gián tiếp) a Direct speech gọi lời nói trực tiếp

- Lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) lời nói lặp lại nguyên văn người

Reported speech/ indirect speech gọi lời nói gián tiếp

- Lời nói gián tiếp (reported speech) lời tường thuật lại ý người nói, đơi khơng cần dùng từ người nói

Ex: Direct speech

Ms Thuan says: ―I am happy‖ Ms Thuan nói: Tơi hạnh phúc”. Reported speech

Ms Thuan said that she was happy Ms Thuan nói hạnh phúc.

b Indirect speech or Reported speech (Lời nói gián tiếp hay cịn gọi lời tường thuật) Chúng ta sử dụng lời nói gián tiếp dùng từ ngữ để tường thuật lại điều mà người nói

Muốn đổi câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu đề nghị từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, phải thay đổi chủ từ, động từ trạng từ thời gian hay địa điểm

■Động từ tường thuật thường dùng là: ordered = commanded: lệnh

asked = requested: yêu cầu begged: nài nỉ

told: bảo

Ex: Direct: The teacher said to the students: ―Sit down‖ Indirect: The teacher told the student to sit down

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117 c Muốn đổi câu từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp, ta phải ý nguyên tắc sau:

1) Động từ tường thuật câu lời nói thường say tell Ex: My friend said, ―I will call him tomorrow‖

—> My friend said that she would call him the day after

2) Say to + Noun (Say to luôn theo sau danh từ làm túc từ) Ex: He said to his friend, ―He will leave Ho Chi Minh City tomorrow‖ —> He told his friend that he would leave Ho Chi Minh City tomorrow Lưu ý:

— Khi chuyển lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp, ta chuyển said to thành told- Ngồi cịn phải thay đổi số đại từ cho phù hợp

Ex: He said, ―I have to finish these exercises‖ He told me that he had to finish those exercises

— Ngoài say tell số động từ khác ask, answer, exclaim, suggest, dùng để tường thuật tùy theo ý nghĩa câu lời nói 3) Khi đổi câu từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp ta phải lùi

DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH

Present simple

Jerry said, ―I never eat chicken.‖ Past simple Jerry said that she never ate chicken Present simple progreesive

She said, ―I‘m looking for the books.‖

Past progreesive

She said she was looking for the books Present perfect

He said, ―I‘ve watched that film.‖ Past perfect He said he had watched that film Present perfect progreesive

Mark said, ―I‘ve been learning Janpanese for years.‖

Past perfect progreesive Mark said he had been learning Janpanese for years

Past simple

Mai said, ―I went to the zoo by bus.‖

Past simple/ Past perfect

Mai said she went/ had gone to the zoo by bus

Past Progreesive

Cherry said, ―I was sitting in the park at o‘clock.‖

Past progreesive/ Past perfect progreesive

Cherry said she was sitting/ had been sitting in the park at o‘clock

Past perfect

Diana said, ―My money had run out.‖

Past perfect

Diana said her money had run out Future simple

July said, ―I will phone you.‖ Future in the past July said she would phone me Future Progreesive

Thomas said, ―I will be playing football tomorrow.‖

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118 Modal verbs

+ Can

He said, ―You can sit there.‖

Modals in the past + Could

He said we can sit there + May

Tram said, ―I may go to the museum.‖

+ Might

Tram said she might go to the museum + Must

Hoa said, ―I must finish this report.‖

+ Must/ Had to

Hoa said she must/ had to finish this report

4) Thay đổi trạng từ thời gian

Trạng từ thời gian lời nói trực tiếp biến đổi thành trạng từ khác lời nói gián tiếp

this —> that these —> those here —> there now —> then today —> that day tonight —> that night ago —> before

this week —> that week yesterday —> the day before

the day before yesterday —> two days before last week — > the week before; the previous week ago —> before

This + noun —> That + noun These + nouns —> Those + nouns

This thị đại từ đứng chuyển thành it

These thị đại từ đứng chuyển thành them Ex: Lan said, ―I have seen this film.‖

Lan said that she had seen that film He said, ― I bought these for you, Nga.‖

He told Nga that he had bought them for her She said, ―I met him yesterday.‖

She said that she had seen him the day before

Lưu ý: Trong trường hợp sau động từ lời nói trực tiếp khơng thay đổi

a) Động từ tường thuật tương lai đơn (Hiện đơn, hoàn thành, tiếp diễn)

Ex: Lan says: ―I am arriving at about 6.00 a.m.‖ Lari says she‘s arriving at about 6.00 a.m

b) Lời nói trực tiếp diễn tả chân lý

Ex: My teacher said, ―The earth moves around the sun.‖ My teacher said that the earth moves around the sun

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119 Ex: He said, ―I'd rather Lan took me to the airport.‖

He said that he would rather Lan took him to the airport His father said, ―It‘s high time you went to bed, Hung.‖ His father told Hung that it was high time he went to bed

d) Câu với cấu trúc wish câu điều kiện loại loại chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp khơng thay đổi

Tóm lại để chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, ta phải ý sáu bước sau:

1.Sử dụng số động từ tường thuật: say, tell, ask, answer, exclaim, suggest

2 Thay đổi động từ Thay đổi ngôi, sô' đại từ Thay đổi trạng từ thời gian Thay đổi trạng từ nơi chốn

6 Thay đổi tính từ sở hữu, đại từ sở hữu, đại từ phản thân 2 Pronunciation (Phát âm)

Stress in three-syllable words (Trọng âm - nhấn âm với từ có âm tiết)

1 Những từ có ầm tiết trở lên trọng âm (nhấn âm) rơi vào âm tiết thứ ba từ phải sang trái

Ex: ge'ography

2 Các từ có tận là: -tion, -sion, -ity, -ety, -ic, -ical, -ous, -ian, -al trọng âm rơi trước từ

Ex: geo'graphic, sug'gestion, 'critical

3 Các từ có tận là: -ese, -ee, -eer, -00, -oon, -ique, -ed, -esque trọng âm rơi vào từ

Ex: Vietna'mese, employ'ee Với danh từ

- Trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết đầu âm tiết thứ ba chứa ngyên âm ngắn âm tiết thứ hai chứa nguyên âm ngắn tận với không phụ âm

Ex: 'industry 'envelope

- Trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai âm tiết cuối chứa nguyên âm ngắn âm tiết thứ hai chứa nguyên âm dài nguyên âm đôi tận hai phụ âm trở lên

Ex: po'tato mi'mosa di'saster

1 Những từ khung danh từ âm tiết Nghe lặp lại Em thêm hơn, sử dụng chữ từ phần từ vựng 3?

energy, atmosphere

2 Nghe đánh dấu ' vào trước dấu nhấn từ

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120 III Exercises:

Pronunciation

Bài Find the word with a stress pattern that is different from the others (Tìm từ có trọng âm khác với từ khác)

1.A.animal B.invention C.energy D.influence

2.A.editor B.confusion C.pollution D.depletion

3.A.removal B.atmosphere C.detergent D.consumption

4.A.disposal B.protection C.chemical D.solution

5.A.scientist B.chemical C.injury D.awareness

Bài Read the following sentences aloud Underline the three-syllable nouns (Đọc to câu sau đây.Gạch danh từ ba âm tiết)

1 The environmental pollution is one of the impacts of human activities on the Earth

2 The editor asked Nam to write some practical advice on the preservation of the environment

3 We should protect our Earth from many threats such as deforestation, pollution and fossil fuel depletion

4 Soil pollution is the result of dumping waste plastic or other inorganic waste in the ground and the overuse of chemical fertilizers in argriculture Water pollutions are things such as detergents, pesticides, oil and other

chemicals and rubbish blockages in rivers that make the water unclean or contaminated

Bài Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of the others

1.A energy B finally C hospital D denial

2.A beautiful B consumption C offensive D aquatic

3.A orginize B picturesque C engineer D afternoon

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5.A employee B committee C referee D absentee

6.A confusion B degraded C editor D.pollutant

7.A pestiside B habital C important D adventure

8.A dangerous B harmony C natural D mountaineer

9.A animal B destruction C unfriendly D solution

10.A government B understand C mystery D tropical

Vocabulary & Grammar

Bài Complete the following crossword puzzle (Hoàn thành câu đố ô chữ)

Across Down

1 The natural world in which

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2 Vegetable organism

3 Contamination or uncleanliness

4 Protection from harm or injury

independent movement 7.negative effect or influence 8.reduction

Bài Use the words from the crossword puzzle to complete the sentences (Sử dụng từ từ câu đố chữ để hồn thành câu)

1 The _ of the ozone layer is not a good thing for the Earth We need to protect the _ for the next generation

3 Deforestation will lead to the extinction of rare _ due to the loss of their habitats, and extreme floods and land erosion

4 Worldwide rainforest _ has been the aim of many environmentalists _ should make efforts to preserve the environment for the sake of

themselves and their children

6 Environmental _ is one of the greatest and most urgent problems in modern times

7 Many countries have signed up to international agreements which aim to reduce the negative _ of climate change

8 Any amateur gardener knows _ need two things to survive: sunlight and water

Bài Make nouns from the verbs by adding the correct suffix -tion,

-sion, or -ation Make changes in the word form, if necessary (Tạo

các danh từ từ động từ cách thêm hậu tố xác -tion, -sion,

or -ation Thực thay đổi mẫu từ, cần)

1 erode consume deplete destroy contaminate protect deforest pollute

Bài Use the nouns in to complete the sentences Each noun is used once (Sử dụng danh từ để hoàn thành câu Mỗi danh từ sử dụng lần)

1 The _ of fossil fuels has gradually increased in many countries which is concern for many environmentalists

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123 Intensive pesticide and fertilizer sprays used in agriculture have resulted in the serious _ of water, soil and air

4 The _ of this river has been proved by scientists to be caused by the dumping of untreated sewage

5 Scientists are able to explain the consequences of habitat _ now Every year about 15,000 acres of fertile topsoil are washed away in Haiti, which has resulted in massive soil _

7 The _ of the environment from threats such as deforestation, the extinction of rare species, pollution and natural resource depletion is one of the WWF's missions

8 The _ caused during the 20th century made the vegetation in this region, which was originally a vast forest refuge for innumerable species, disappear

Bài Read and underline the incorrect words in the following sentences Correct them.(Đọc gạch từ không xác trong câu sau Sửa chữa chúng)

1 Scientists have tried to assess the impact of human activities on the environmental

2 We should have deforestation plans to replace the trees cut down for farmland use in the region

3 Oceanic oil spills become a major environment problem, chiefly a result of intensified petroleum exploitation

4 The rhino habitat has been perfectly preservation in the region

5 The students are somewhat confusion by the usage of the words

"preservation" and "conservation"

6 Many climatologists believe that the decline in mountain glaciers is one of the first observable signs of globe warming

7 Rising sea levels can add to the erode of our coastlines

Bài Change the following sentences in direct speech to reported speech (Chuyển câu từ dạng trực tiếp sang gián tiếp)

During a group discussion on environmental threats,

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124 Peter said (that), "Intensive insecticide and pesticide sprays in agriculture make the soil contaminated."

……… ……… Tony said (that), "The disposal of untreated sewage in rivers and oceans leads to water pollution."

……… Mary said (that), "Loud and annoying sounds from innumerable vehicles in the highway nearby cause noise pollution."

……… ……… Mai said (that), "The rising sea level is a product of global warming, a natural phenomenon The only unnatural thing about global warming is the accelerated rate at which it is happening."

……… ……… Linda said (that), "Environmental pollution is an impact of human activities on the environment."

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125 The editor: ……… Peter: ……… Mai: ……… Peter: ………

Bài 10 Choose the best answers to complete the sentences :

1 There is a water because it hasn‘t rained for a long time

A shortage B short C shortest D shorter

2.One of the aims of Greenpeace is to of the environmental problems facing our planet

A take

responsibility

B arouse interest C raise concern D raise awareness The creation of nature reserves will help to ensure the of many endangered species

A extinction B survival C elimination D disappearance

4 are very anxious about the falling rhino population A Environmentalists B Environmental

activities

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126

A attention to B responsible with C aware of D attentive to

6 The heavily polluted water near the factory the safety of the local people

A endangers B preserves C contaminates D is threatened

7 The huge oil slick is moving slowly towards Ireland, and several miles of coastline are under

A threat B stake C pressure D damage

8.Tornadoes are very dangerous because there is , and people not have much time to find a safe place

A small warning B a lot of warning C little warning D few warning

9 We admire Lucy for her intelligence, cheerful disposition and

A honest B honesty C honestly D honested

10 Several are known to cause cancer to develop

A chemist B chemistry C chemical D chemicals

11 ―Thank you so much for your support‖ -

A Welcome! It‘s very nice of you B Well done

C There is nothing I can about it D It s my pleasure

12 Farmers can enrich the soil by using

A fertile B fertility C fertilizers D fertilize

13 Sugar is the of healthy teeth

A destruction B destructively C destroying D destroyer

14 The river has been polluted with toxic waste from factories

A local B locate C locally D locality

15 Why aren‘t you coming with us ? -

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127

C I was very tired That‘s why D I don‘t agree I‘m afraid

16 Hello, Jim I didn‘t expect to see you today Sonia said you ill

A are B were C was D should be

17 The man that he had done this before and that he had some experience in the field

A told B said me C talked D said

18 A nuclear reactor releases radiation which is to the environment

A dangerous B endangered C in danger D danger

19 Human have not shown their intention to live in harmony with the nature

A race B beings C being D kind

20 The poor people in the city terrible suffering as a result of disaster

A have experienced B had experienced C experience D have been

experienced

1 Overusing chemical sprays and fertilizers makes land arid and vegetation harmful to human health

A very dry B very wet C stormy D rainy

2 How can we deal with environmental pollution? – ―

‖ A Environmental pollution can be dealt with

B We should deal with

environmental pollution C We should strictly ban the disposals

of chemical rubbish

D Environmental pollution is unclean

3 Alice to her husband that she would work for that firm

A say B said C tell D told

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128

A say B said C tell D told

5 ―Jim is more popular than any other painters in this district ‖ has the closest meaning to

A Another painter is more popular than Jim B Jim is more popular than no other painter in this district C Jim is the more popular than any other painter in this district D Jim is the most popular painter in this district

6 He his new friend that he had worked as a coordinator for more than years

A told B insisted C thought D agreed

7 Her boss wanted to know where years before

A did she work B had she worked C she has worked D she had

worked They the foreigner where he came from

A asked B said C informed D stated

9 He appologized late

A for coming B came C has come D had come

10 One of the main area of this organization is the sustainable use of natural resources

A maintainable B forgetable C visible D vegetable

11 For the of environment and for the people who live in it, we must eliminate poluttion immediately

A sick B rich C sake D harmful

12 The reporter said that factory down the day before

A had burned B has been burned C burns D has burned

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129

A attention B agreement C protector D chemical

14 He his employees that the schedule has been changed

A informed B agreed C said D thought

15 Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of the others

A animal B appointment C designer D erosion

16 He promised his assignment on time

A submit B to submit C submitted D submitting

17 Choose the answer which needs correcting: (A)He asked his (B)father when (C)would he deal (D) with the problem

18 Choose the answer which needs correcting:

They announced that he has met a number of key figures the day before A B C D 19 Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of the others

A extinction B detergent C newsletter D appointment

20 Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of the others

A consumption B pesticide C destruction D disposal

1 In the age of technology, you can take of new applications which are very used for your learning

A advantage B use C effect D function

2 There are more and more species that are in danger of

A extinct B extinction C death D dead

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130

A impact B act C attack D significance

4 Peter, everyone suspected , turn out to be innocent

A whom B  C that D A or C

5 I I could meet you this evening, I‘m really busy

A told B said C asked D wondered

6 Only 40  of year-olds have access pre-school education

A with B for C to D in

7 David told me my letter the day before

A arrived B would arrived C has arrived D had arrived

8 ― ― in the sentence below is not corrcect:

Students (A) can now study (B) at home instead (C) of at the library (D) because the Internet

9 One prepared this report must have a real talent for writing

A which B who C  D whose

10 Seoul, is the capital city of Korea, is well-known for its shopping malls

A which B that C where D A or B

11 consummers have been encouraged to use products

A which B who C  D whose

A environment friendly

B environmental friendly

C environmentally friend

D environment ally friendly 12 Water are things such as detergents, pesticides, oil and other chemicals and rubbish blockages in rivers that make the water unclean or contaminated

A pollution B pollutants C polluted D polluting

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131 14 Choose the answer which needs correcting: (A)Works (B) writing by Shakespear often (C) have an unhappy (D) ending

15 James often asks himself in the next 10 years A where will he be B where he would

be

C where he will be

D where is he Reading

Bài 13 Complete the sentences with the words from the box Change the word form if necessary.(Hoàn thành câu với từ hộp. Thay đổi mẫu từ cần).

worldwide restore photosynthesis

alternative encourage establish clear You can take the bus as a(n) _ to driving a car

2 Global warming has accelerated and had a negative effect _

3 Consumers have been _ to use environmentally friendly products _ is a process by which green plants and other organisms turn carbon

dioxide and water into carbohydrates and oxygen, using light energy To _ means to set up or initiate

6 The trees in this area were _ off for crops and the construction of public facilities

7 This historic building was _ in the 1990s and opened to the public

Bài 14 Read the following passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D

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132 A.Although B Still C However D Eventually A alone B individual C lone D only

3 A development B result C reaction D product

4 A.doing B having C taking D making A hold B maintain C keep D stay A.last B.stand C go D remain

Bài 15 Read the following passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D

In many ways, the increasingly rapid pace of climate change is a direct result of the growth of the human population In the last 100 years, the world population has more than tripled Obviously, this has meant that the world has needed to produce three times as much food, energy, and other natural resources

In addition, the average person uses more energy and natural resources than the average person one hundred years ago, meaning that the rates of consumption are actually much higher than just the increase in population would imply

All of these activities: food production, energy usage, and the use of natural resources, contribute to climate change in some way The greater amounts of oil and other fuels burned to create energy release chemicals which add to global warming In order to produce more food, farmers cut down trees to gain more land for their fields In addition, we cut down trees to build the houses needed for a larger population Those trees are an essential part of controlling global warming

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133 standard of living in every other nation on Earth remains the same as it is today

1 The word “pace” in the passage is closest in meaning to _

A growth B speed C problem D pollution

2 The word “consumption” in the passage is closest in meaning to _

A development B usage C population D increase

3 According to the passage, how does food production contribute to global warming?

A Food production requires that the forests be cleared to create farmland B Food production uses many chemicals which add to global warming C Producing more food leads to growth in the world population

D Food production decreases the ability of the air to release heat

4 According to the passage, how does the standard of living affect global warming?

A Higher standards of living are better for the environment

B First world nations create less population than developing nations C The use of natural resources is directly related to the standard of living D High standards of living lead to increases in world population

5 Why does the author discuss China, Japan and the United States? A To compare the standards of their citizens

B To explain why China will not be able to become a first world nation C To explain why the world‘s use of energy will need to double soon D To better illustrate the effects of an increase in standards of living

Bài 16 Read the following passage and fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word

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134 animals for their skin and other (3) Unfortunately, the people who run these businesses are not discouraged by fines, which they see as just another business expense A (4) _way to control the problem would be to force whoever (5) _ caught buying or selling products made from endangered species (6) community service Their community service should require work that helps (7) the animals they are harming Such a law should be quite effective If people trafficking in (8) _ animal products were forced to help endangered species, they might understand (9) destructive their business is Also, their community service tasks turn them into helpers rather (10) _ destroyers

Bài 17 Provide the correct form of the words in capital letters to complete the sentences

1 In winter it is important for farmers to provide food and for their animals (WARM)

2 He said ―Good morning‖ in a most way (FRIEND) The police are interested in the sudden _ of the valuable paintings (APPEAR)

4 Could you _ the picture over the sofa? (STRAIGHT) It was _, so they had to drive very slowly (FOG) Playing for the national team for the first time was an experience for him (FORGET)

7 I found the visit most _ (EDUCATION)

8 Traditional _are a good source of fun and entertainment (CELEBRATE)

9 The public were angry with the Minister‘s _ to tell the truth about the bribery (REFUSE)

10 Our house is by several burglar alarms (PROTECTION) Bài 18 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet

(21)

135 Today, most cities have a zoo or wildlife park However, not (4) approves of zoos People who think that zoos are a good idea say they (5) us with the opportunity to (6) about the natural world and be close to wild animals Both of (7) would not be possible (8) zoos On the other hand, some people disapprove of zoos because they (9) it is wrong to put animals in cages, and argue that in zoos which are not (10) properly, animals live in dirty conditions and eat unsuitable food

1 A above B over C more D beyond

2 A.are B have C.were D had A appears B becomes C.develops D happens

4 A somebody B everybody C nobody D anybody

5 A produce B bring C provide D make

6 A discover B learn C find D realize

7 A that B what C whose D these

8 A without B instead C except D unless

9 A hope B expect C imagine D believe

10.A ordered B managed C decided D aimed

Bài 19 Read the following passage and choose the best option to fill in each blank:

Nowadays, people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (1) _ Many (2) _ of animals are threatened, and could easily become (3) _ if we not make an effort to (4) _ them There are many reasons for this In some cases, animals are (5) _ for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies Some birds, (6) _ as parrots, are caught alive and sold as pets For many animals and birds, the problem is that their habitat - the (7) _ where they live - is (8) _ More and more land is used for farms, for houses and for industry All the Earth is being polluted seriously If we not control our action, there will be only one successful animals on the Earth - human beings

1 A.problem B.vanishing

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136 2.A.forms B.species

C.more D marks

3.A.disappeared B.empty

C.vanished D extinct 4.A.safe B.serve

C.harm D protect 5.A.game B.chased

C.hunted D extinct 6.A.like

B.such C.or D where 7.A.spot B.point

C.place D site A.disappearing B.disappears

C being disappeared D.disappeared

Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (1) Many species of animals are threatened, and could easily become (2) if we not make an effort to (3) them There are many reasons for this In some cases, animals are hunted for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies Some birds, (4) as parrots, are caught alive, and sold as pets For many animals and birds, the problem is that their habitat - the place where they live – is (5) More (6) is used for farms, for houses and industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there once were Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them grow better (7) , but these chemicals pollute the environment and (8) wildlife The most successful animals on earth - human beings - will soon be the only one (9) , unless we can (10) this problem

1 A danger B threat C problem D risk

2 A disappeared B vanished C empty D extinct

3 A harm B safe C protect D serve

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137

5 A exhausting B departing C escaping D disappearing

6 A land B earth C area D soil

7 A products B fields C herbs D crops

8 A spoil B harm C wound D wrong

9 A left B missed C retained D survived

10 A explain B solve C calculate D answer

As computers have become powerful tools for the rapid and economic production of pictures, computer graphics has emerged as one of the most rapidly growing fields in computer science It is used routinely in such diverse areas as business, industry, art, government, education, research, training, and medicine

One of the initial uses of computer graphics, and ultimately its greatest use, has been as an aid to design, generally to referred to as computer-aided design (CAD) One of its greatest advantages is that designers can see how an object will look after construction and make changes freely and much more quickly than with hand drafting For three-dimensional rendering of machine parts, engineers now rely heavily on CAD Automobile, spacecraft, aerospace, and ship designers use CAD techniques to design vehicles and test their performance Building designs are also created with computer graphics system Architects can design a building layout, create a three-dimensional model, and even go for a simulated ‗walk‘ through the rooms or around the outside of the building

Business graphics is another rapidly growing area of computer graphics, where it is used to create graphs, charts, and cost models to summarize financial, statistical, mathematical, scientific, and economic data As an educational aid, computer graphics can be used to create weather maps and cartographic materials Computer art also has creative and commercial art applications, where it is used in advertising, publishing, and film productions, particularly for computer animation, which is achieved by a sequential process

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138

A Routine uses of computers B Computer graphic applications C The rapidly growing field of

computer science

D Computers as the architects of the future

2 The word “it” in line refers to A computer

graphics

B computer science

C field D computer

3 According to the passage, engineers use CAD to

A inspect building B create graphs

C make cartographic materials D create three-dimensional models

4 According to the passage, engineers use CAD for

A A simulated ―walk‖ through modal rooms

B Rendering machine parts C Making cost models D Advertising products

5 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a use of computer graphic in business?

A charts B cost models C graphs D maps

Bài 22 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet

People began to keep animals in zoos over 3,000 years ago, when the rulers of China opened an enormous zoo called the Gardens of Intelligence In many of the early zoos, animals (1) taught to perform for the visitors This no longer (2) and it is accepted that the purpose of zoos is for people to see animals behaving naturally

Today, most cities have a zoo or a wildlife park However, not everybody approves (3) zoos People (4) think that zoos are a good idea say they provide us with the opportunity to learn about the natural world and be close to wild animals Both of these would not be possible (5) zoos On the other hand, some people disapprove of zoos (6) they believe it is wrong to put animals in cages, and argue that in zoos which are not (7) properly, animals live in dirty conditions and eat unsuitable food

(25)

139 A.in B of C.for D with

4 A.who B which C whose D whom A.instead B unless C.except D without A.if B when C.because D though A.ordered B managed C decided D aimed

Speaking

Bài 23 Work in pairs Describe the types of pollution you see in the photos (Làm việc theo cặp Mô tả loại ô nhiễm bạn nhìn thấy trong ảnh)

What is the source of pollution? Where does it happen? What are the negative effects of this type of pollution? a depletion of fossil fuels

b air pollution

c extinction of rare species d health problems

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140

Writing

Bài 25 Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it

1 ―Would you like to go to the concert with us tonight?‖ they said to me

 They invited _

2 The story of their sufferings was painful to listen to

 It was

3 The last time James met Tom was in 2008

 James hasn‘t _

4 Mrs Green is proud of her son‘s contribution to the play

(27)

141 I had to cancel the birthday party because my closest friend is seriously ill

I had to cancel _

Bài 26 Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it

1 ―I haven‘t been home this evening, Stephen‖ said Bill ( told )

 Bill I haven‘t seen my brother for 14 years ( since )

 It‘s Her book was published last year It became a best seller ( that )

 Her book ―I‘ll definitely be at your house before 8:00, Sue‖ said Mike ( promised )

 Mike The bag was found later The robbers put the money in it ( in )

 The bag Bài 27 Write complete sentences about air pollution, using the words and phrases below You may have to add linking words and make changes in the word form, if necessary

Viết câu đầy đủ ô nhiễm không khí, sử dụng từ cụm từ bên dưới Bạn phải thêm từ liên kết thực thay đổi mẫu từ, cần

1 One/ biggest environmental impacts of human activities/ air pollution ……… ……… Smoke/ aircrafts/ factory chimneys/ bonfires/ different kinds of vehicles/

streets/ many/ other factors/ damage/ clean air/ every day

……… ……… Industrial factories/ throw/ air/ huge amounts/ pollutant gases

(28)

142 ……… The air/ many areas/ so unclean that/ people/ have to/ masks/ going/ streets

……… ……… Air pollution/ lead/ greenhouse effect/ make/ temperature/ Earth's surface/

higher

……… ……… Global warming/ lead/ polar ice caps melting/ rise of worldwide sea levels/

climate changes/ other natural disasters

……… ……… Everyone/ live/ earth/ should have/ responsibility/ reduce/ air pollution/

protect clean air/ our survival

……… ……… Worldwide governments/ should have/ control measures/ reduce air pollution/

and/ protect/ natural environment/ future generation

……… ……… Bài 28 Write a paragraph of 150 words about air pollution, using the ideas in and the suggested writing frame below

Viết đoạn 150 từ nhiễm khơng khí, sử dụng ý tưởng trong khung văn gợi ý

- Causes of air pollution - Its consequences - What should be done

(29)

143 ……… ……… ……… ……… ……… ……… ……… ……… ……… ……… ……… Bài 29 Give the correct form of the words in brackets:

1 When people understand clearly the impacts, they will be more aware of conserving forests ( environment )

2 Because of , there may be no place for wild animals in the near future ( deforest )

3 warning is said to be one of the reasons for polar ice melting ( globe )

4 Because non-renewable resources are being consumed at the rapid rate, human beings are likely to face fossil fuel ( deplete )

5 Working as a volunteer provides you with opportunities to know more about cultural ( diverse )

6 Air can cause acid rain which damages water, soil and vegetation ( pollute )

7 The overuse of chemical fertilizers can lead to the decrease of soil .( fertilize )

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144 The of ecosystem of lakes, rivers, seas and forests must be prevented ( destroy )

10 The threat of contaminated environment is becoming serious ( increase )

Bài 30 Rearrange the words / phrases to make meaningful sentences:

1 me / Jim / that / he / told / was / most / polite / the / man / the / team / in

……… ……… said / that / the / Alan / third / best / was / in / competition / the / they ……… ……… active / that / was / she / less / her / than / classmates / admitted / Mary ……… ……… advised / my / parents / me / prepare / carefully / to / the / for / contest ……… ……… following / they /that / device / that / would / announced / be / produced / the / year

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