- Trước chỗ trống là danh từ chỉ người thì từ cần điền có thể là who, whom hoặc whose.. Để xác định được vị trí của từ cần điền là who, whom hoặc whose ta chỉ cần lưu ý từ đứng sau chỗ [r]
(1)E 10 – TẬP HỢP GRAMMAR HK1 A TENSES AND PASSIVE VOICE
TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE
Hiện đơn
S +V / Vs(es) + O -> People grow tea in Moc Chau -> My mother cleans the house twice a day
So+ am/is/ are +Ved /V3 +(BY+ Os) Tea is grown in Moc Chau
The house is cleaned twice a day Quá khứ
đơn
S +Ved / V2 + O -> They cleaned that window yesterday. > To Ngoc Van drew those pictures ->
So + was/were+Ved /V3 + (BY+ Os) That window was cleaned yesterday
Those pictures were drawm by To Ngoc Van Hiện
tiếp diễn
S + am/is/ are + Ving + O -> They are building a new school -> I am opening a letter ->
So + am/is/ are + being +Ved / 3rd + (BY+ Os)
A new school is being built A letter is opening (by me) Quá khứ
tiếp diễn
S + was/were +Ving + O ->
The secretary was opening the mail at 8p.m yesterday ->
So +was/were+ being +Ved /3rd +(BY+ Os) The mail was being opened at 8p.m yesterday Hiện
hoàn thành
S + have/has +Ved / V3 + O -> Someone has cleaned the window The students haven't done exercises
So + have/has+been +Ved / V3 + (BY+ Os) The window has been cleaned
Exercises haven't been done (by the students) Tương lai
đơn
S + will/ shall + V1 + O ->
They will build a new bridge next month
So + will/shall + be+ Ved /V3+(BY+ Os) A new bridge will be built next month Tương lai
gần
S +am/is/ are +going to +V1 + O -> She is going to type the report
The students are going to hold the meeting
So+am/is/are+going to +be + Ved/V3 +(BY+ Os)
The report is going to be typed by her
The meeting is going to be held by the students have
has
had + to used
have/has
S + had + to + V1 + O used
I have to write a report > He has to wash the car -> My brother had to a lot of exercises >
have/has
So + had + to +be + Ved/V3 + (BY+ Os) used
A report has to be written ( by me) The car has to be washed (by him)
A lot of exercises had to by my brother Động từ
khiếm khuyết
can/ could
S + may + V1 + O must
should
You can't wash this desk >
can/ could
So + may + be+ Ved /V3 +
must (BY+ Os) should
(2)We should clean our classroom every day You must leave your raincoat outside the room
They may use this room for the classroom
Our classroom should be cleaned every day Your raincoat must be left outside the room This room may be used for the classroom I/ Put verbs in the correct tense forms.
1 Up to now, the teacher ( give ) our class tests Long ago, my younger brother often ( cry )
3 David ( be ) born after his father ( die ) When I ( be ) a child, I ( want ) to be a doctor Please be quiet! I ( work )
6 Mary ( come ) from London
7 Sometimes I ( get ) up before the sun ( rise )……… I’m preparing to support anything he ( say ) tomorrow At p.m yesterday? Well, I ( work ) in my office at that time 10 The audience ( listen ) to everything he said last night
1/ has given 2/ cried 3/ was – had died 4/ was – wanted 5/ am working 6/ comes 7/ get – rises 8/ will say 9/ was working 10/ listened
11 She ( ask ) me to tell about him several times 12 Mr Jackson ( paint ) his house since last month
13 When I came in, they all ( sit ) round the fire Mr Pike ( ) crossword puzzle
14 Yesterday thieves ( break ) into the house and ( steal ) a lot of fur coats while the guests ( dance )
15 He ( ) his homework before he went to the cinema 16 How long you ( wait ) for me? – Just a few minutes
17 What you ( ) after you ( go ) home yesterday? 18 He often ( say ) OK when he ( talk ) with the guests 19 Tom ( not come ) here tomorrow
20 Trees ( plant ) since it ( stop ) raining
11/ has asked 12/ has painted 13/ were sitting – was doing 14/ broke – stole – were dancing 15/ had done 16/ have you waited 17/ did you – had gone 18/ says – is talking
19/ won’t come 20/ have been planted - stopped 21 Listen! The bird ( sing )
22 The house ( build ) .2 years ago
23 Someone ( cut ) down all the trees in the garden 24 Mr Pike ( live ) here since last October
25 John ( watch ) TV at last evening 26 Some animals ( not eat ) during winter
27 Why didn’t you listen while I ( speak ) to you? 28 Be quiet! The teacher ( be ) angry
29 Hurry up! The train ( come )
30 I ( speak ) to you about that matter after the meeting tonight
21/ is singing 22/ was built 23/ cut 24/ has lived 25/ was watching 26/ don’t eat 27/ was speaking 28/ is 29/ is coming 30/ will speak 31 Where are you ? – I’m upstairs I ( have ) a bath
(3)34 Dick ( start ) school before he ( be ) seven 35 He’ll leave as soon as he ( hear ) the news
36 It ( rain ) when we arrived
37 We ( not see ) them for a long time
38 He felt asleep while he ( ) his homework
39 When your father ( die ) ? I ( not know ) when he ( die ) ……… 40 Up to then I never ( see ) such a fat man
31/ am having 32/ haven’t received – left 33/ have you studied 34/ had started – was 35/ hears 36/ was raining 37/ haven’t seen 38/ was doing
39/ did your father die – don’t know - died 40/ have seen B TURN INTO PASSIVE VOICE :
1 The thieves have stolen the most valuable painting in the museum Some people will interview the new president on T.V
3 I am going to repair those shoes ?
4 He has broken the nose in the football match Have you finished the above sentences ? He lends his friend his new shoes
7 She left her relatives five million pounds
8 The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer The board awarded the first prize to the reporter 10 Have you sent the Christmas cards yet ?
11 The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting 12 He hides the broken cup in the drawer
13 They keep this room tidy all the time 14 They all voted the party a great success
15 We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers 16 They moved the fridge into the living room
17 She brought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room 18 My mother waters this flower every morning
19 John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night 20 Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen 21 We should clean our teeth twice a day
22 Our teachers have explained the English grammar 23 Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city 24 Tom will visit his parents next month
25 The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning 26 Did Mary buy this beautiful dress ?
27 My sister cleans the room everyday
28 The local sports center hold several volleyball tournaments in this season 29 Someone attacked the boy the boy in the street last night
30 The workers have finished the project people grow rice in Viet Nam C DIRECT – INDIRECT SPEECH
1 Lối nói trực tiếp gián tiếp (direct/ indirect speech)
Trong câu trực tiếp thông tin thẳng từ người thứ sang người thứ hai (người thứ nói trực tiếp với người thứ hai) Trong lời nói trực tiếp ghi lại xác từ, ngữ mà người nói dùng Lới nói trực tiếp phải đặt dấu ngoặc kép
(4) Trong câu gián tiếp, thông tin từ người thứ qua người thứ hai đến người thứ ba Khi câu có biến đổi mặt ngữ pháp
He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day before 2 Quy tắc chuyển từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
2.1 Quy tắc chuyển từ lối nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp: lùi thời Simple present –> simple past Present progressive –> past progressive Present perfect –> past perfect Simple past –> past perfect
Past progressive –> past perfect progressive Simple future –> would + V Can/may/must –> could /might/had to
2.2 Các chuyển đổi khác: – Đại từ nhân xưng:
I –> he/she We –> they You –> I/ we
(tân ngữ tính từ sở hữu chuyển theo nhân xưng chủ ngữ) – Trạng từ nơi chốn:
Here –> there This –> that These –> those
– Trạng ngữ thời gian: Today –> that day
Tomorrow –> the next day/ the following day Yesterday –> the day before/ the previous day Last week –> the week before/ the previous week The day after tomorrow –> in days’ time The day before yesterday –> two days before Now –> then
Ago –> before
2.3 Các trường hợp không đổi thời – Sự thật, việc luôn đúng:
“The earth moves round the sun” he said –> He said that the earth moves round the sun I/ Turn into reported speech: Statements:
1 “ I have nothing to show you,” I said to her
2 “ Nothing grows in my garden It never gets any sun,” She said Jack Lumber said, “ Olga Ivanov won the gold medal yesterday.”
4 Johnny’s mother said, “ The English Government put him in prison the day before yesterday.” Father said, “ I am coming back next week.”
6 Jennifer said,” We are having champagne tonight.” ‘’ I’m going away tomorrow , mother,” he said
8 “ I’ve been in London for a month but sofar I haven’t had time to visit the Tower,” said Rupert “ It isn’t so foggy today as it was yesterday,” I remarked
10 “ The new underpass is being officially opened the day after tomorrow,” said the BBC announcer 11 “ We must move to our new flat We don’t like it nearly so much as our last one.” Said my aunt 12 “ We have a lift but very often it doesn’t work,” they said
13 “ From one of the windows of my flat I can see the Eiffel Tower,” he said
14 “ I have no idea what the time is but I’ll dial 8081 and find out,” said his daughter 15 He said, “ My wife has just been made a judge.”
16 “ I’ll come with you as soon as I’m ready,” she replied
(5)19 “ You haven’t given me quite enough The bill is for $ 14 and you’ve paid me only $ 13,” he pointed out
20 Anna said “ Englishmen make good husband because they are nearly always willing to help in the house.”
II/ Turn into reported speech: Wh-Questions
1 “ What happened to Mr Budd?” said one of the men “ Which of his son inherited his estate?’’ asked another “ Who is going to live in the big house?” enquired a third “ What will happen to his racehorses?” asked someone else “Which team has won?” asked Ann
6 “ Which team won the previous match?” said Bill “ Who is playing next week?” he asked
8 “ Where is the ticket office?” asked Mr Jones
9 “ What platform does the train leave from? “ asked Bill 10 “ When does it arrive in NewYork?” he asked
IV/ Turn into reported speech: Commands , requests, advice He said to the boy,” Get out of my way.”
2 “ Climb in through the window,” he ordered “ Please pay at the desk,” said the assistant
4 The store detective said to Mary,” Open your bag, please.” “ Don’t worry about anything, MrsPitt,” said her
6 “ Don’t use bent coin in the slot machine,” I warned him
7 “ Wash it in the lukewarm water,” the assistant recommended me “Don’t eat too much starch,” I adviced her,” and avoid fried food.” “ Don’t say anything to make her angry,” said my father
10 “ Take me up to the 33rd floor,” he said to the lift man.
IV/ Turn into reported speech: Commands , requests, advice,invitation. “ Would you like to have lunch with me on Sunday?” he said to me “ Would you like a cigarette?” One of the guests said to me
3 “ If I were you I’d try to get a room on the top floor” He said to his friend “ Will you help, please?’’ The mother said to her son
5 “ Take the letter to the post, will you.? And shut the door as you go out,” said the boss to his secretary 1/ He invited me to have lunch with him on Sunday
2/ One of the guests invited me a cigarette
3/ He advised his friend to try to get a room on the top floor 4/ The mother asked her son to help her
5/ The boss told his secretary to take the letter to the post and to shut the door as she went out D RELATIVE CLAUSES
When : trạng từ quan hệ đứng sau từ thời gian :
Ex I’ll never forget the day when I met her (note: Sau when / where phải có S + V …) Where : Đứng sau từ nơi chốn : Dalat is the place where I like to come.
WHICH: Thay cho N vật
Eg: I have got a computer programme which does the job for me We don't like the stories which have unhappy endings
I liked the dress which she was wearing WHO : Thay cho N người
Eg: I don't know all the guests who were in the party WHOM : Thay cho N người, sau chủ ngữ Eg: The doctor whom she visited is famous
THAT : -
(6)She is the swimmer that has won the gold medal
- That dùng sau danh từ có tính từ so sánh (the best, the most…, everybody, anybody, nobody, somebody, everything, something …)
Ex He’s the best teacher that I have ever known
I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park - Dïng cÊu trúc câu nhấn mạnh
It is / was + S + that + V
Eg: It is Mrs Lan that makes decisions in the family, not her husband NOTE: + Không dùng THAT mệnh đề liên hệ không giới hạn + Không dùng THAT sau giới từ
WHOSE: Thay thÕ cho tÝnh tõ sở hữu sở hữu cách ngời Eg: We saw some people whose car was stolen
WHERE = IN WHICH/ AT WHICH: Thay thÕ cho danh tõ chØ n¬i chèn Eg: The house where he lives is very old
* Vị trí which, who, whom, whose,where mệnh đề tính từ:
Chúng ta nhận biết từ which, who, whom, whose,where chúng điền vào chỗ trống mệnh đề tính từ Ta cần để ý đến từ trước sau chỗ trống nếu:
- Trước chỗ trống danh từ vật từ cần điền which hc where (note: Sau where phải có S + V …)
Để xác định vị trí từ cần điền which where ta cần phải đọc hiểu ý câu Nếu danh từ vật đứng trước chỗ trống diễn tả nơi chốn chọn where
- Trước chỗ trống danh từ người từ cần điền who, whom whose
Để xác định vị trí từ cần điền who, whom whose ta cần lưu ý từ đứng sau chỗ trống Nếu: + Từ đứng sau chỗ trống động từ chia chọn who ( who + V + O …)
+ Từ đứng sau chỗ trống đại từ nh©n xng chđ ng÷ ta chän whom.(whom+S+V+O )
+ Từ đứng sau chỗ trống danh từ thuộc quyền sở hữu từ đứng trước chỗ trống ta chọn whose ( whose + N + …)
- Ta khơng thể chọn THAT trước chỗ trống có dấu phẩy (,) giới từ EXERCISES
1 A woman answered the phone She told me you was busy The bus is always crowded I take it to school every morning They are singing a song I don’t know the song
4 A man spoke to me He was very helpful
A midwife is a woman She assists other women in childbirth They are the children Their team won the match
The house is for sale It has the green shutters
8 My farther bought a motor bike The motorbike costs thousand dollars They are the postcards I sent them from Australia
10 The house has been built in the forest It doesn’t have electricity 11 The girl chatted with him yesterday She arrived here at : 30 1/ A woman who answered the phone told me you was busy
2/ The bus which I take to school every morning is always crowded 3/ They are singing the song which I don’t know
4/ A man who spoke to me was very helpful
5/ A midwife is a woman who assists other women in childbirth 6/ They are the children whose team won the match
The house which has the green shutters is for sale
8 My farther bought a motor bike which costs thousand dollars They are the postcards which I sent from Australia
(7)11 The girl who chatted with him yesterday arrived here at : 30 Fill relative clauses in the blank
1 Let me see all the letters _ you have written Is there any one can help me this?
3 Mr Brown, _ is only 34, is the director of this company I know a place roses grow in abundance
5 It was the nurse told me to come in
6 The teacher with , we studied last year no longer teaches in our school They showed me the hospital buildings had been destroyed by US bombings We saw many soldiers and tanks were moving to the front
9 Dr Fleming, _ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945 10 He joined the political party _ was in power
11 Love, is a wonderful feeling, comes to everyone at some time in his life 12 Freedom is something for _ millions have given their lives
13 It is easy to find faults in people we dislike
14 The really happy people are those _ enjoy their daily work
15 We must find a time _ we can meet and a place _ we can talk
1/ which 2/ that 3/ who 4/ where 5/ who 6/ whom 7/ whose 8/ that
9/ who 10/ which 11/ which 12/ which 13/ whom 14/ who 15/ when - where E- ĐỘNG TỪ + TO + V-INF ; ĐỘNG TỪ + V-ING
I/Give the correct form of verbs in brackets.
1 The teacher permits us ( go ) ………out in a minute You should avoid ( meet)………… him
3 Do you remember ( leave )………your hat anywhere? Tell him ( come)………to see me at once
5 He’s tired He stops ( work)………for a while He allows ( ask)………him questions
7 He advises us ( be)……… more studious I remember ( write )………to you soon
9 We can’t help ( consider)……… his opinion 10 We’ll continue ( discuss)………it
11 I hope ( not do)……… that tiring work again
12 They postponed ( build)……….an elementary school for lack of finance 13 It’s no use ( advise)…… him He never allows anybody (give)………advice 14 Are his ideas worth ( listen)………….to ?
15 He always avoids ( meet)……… me in the streets,
16 My parents decided ( take)……… a taxi because it was late, 17 Do you agree ( lend)………me some money?
18 Tom refused ( give)……….me his adress
19 The passenger asked her how ( get )………to the station 20 My friends arranged ( get)………… to the airport in time
1/ to go 2/ meeting 3/ leaving 4/ to come 5/ working 6/ asking 7/ to be 8/ to write 9/ considering 10/ to discuss 11/ not to 12/ building 13/ advising 14/ listening 15/ meeting 16/ to take 17/ to lend 18/ to give 19/ to get 20/ to get
(8)Time: 60 minutes I MULTIPLE CHOICE
Pronunciation
1. A box B told C boss D job
2. A determination B required C enclose D demonstration Stress
3. A important B amazing C passenger D expensive
4. A allow B harrow C tidy D fasten
5. A entertainment B awareness C individual D contribution Grammar – Vocabulary - Structure
6. Our lifestyle - since running water came to our village
A change B changed C has changed D is changed
7. If we raise and resurface the roads, they - muddy and flooded
A aren’t B weren’t C will be D won’t be
8. Last night I couldn’t concentrate on my work - the loud noise outside
A because of B because C in spite of D although
9. There was a water - during the summer in this city
A shortage B lack C store D deficiency
10.I -Lan, my best friend, - more than ten years A have known – since C have known – for
B knew – since D knew – for
11.There are five new programs on this -
A film B channel C cartoon D comedy
12.He passed the exam, - seemed a surprise to everyone in our class
A when B which C it D who
13.They tried to find a way of bettering their lives
A achieving B changing C improving D moving
14. - did the train leave? Five minutes ago
A How much time B How long C How often D When 15.The physical part of the computer system is the
-A hardware B software C keyboard D floppy disk
16.Look at the black clouds It - soon
A will rain B rains C is going to rain D is raining 17.When she was a child, she often - the summer evenings in the garden
A enjoys B enjoyed C enjoy D was enjoying
18.Jackson asked the waiter - him some more mineral water
A bring B brought C brings D to bring
19.My brother stopped to smoke because it is very harmful to his health A B C D
20.It took me two days getting to my home village last week A B C D
21.My grandmother hid her money under the floor and then she forgot where she hid it
A B C D had hidden 22.After the police had tried unsuccessfully to determine to which the car belonged,
A B C whom they towed it into the station
D
(9)A had finished B have finished C were finishing D finished 24.A: “Have a nice day”
B: – “Thank you, -“
A And yours! B The same to you C As much to you D The same! 25.“I have passed all my examinations!” - “ -“
A Well done! B My dear! C Best wishes! D That’s very well 26.“What’s your phone number?” – “(99040) -“
A double nines zero four zero C two nines nought four nought B nine nine nil four nil D double nine oh four oh 27.My wife has her hair - at the hairdresser’s every other month
A doing B C done D to
28.In my country, all the - in the war have been taken care of
A injure B injures C injuring D injured
29.It’s better to avoid - during the rush hour
A traveling B to travel C travel D to traveling
30.My alarm often goes - at a.m
A on B off C up D by
Read the passage and choose the best options to complete the gaps
The country and the city have advantages and -(31) - People in the country live in more beautiful surroundings They enjoy (32) -and quietness, and can their work at their own pace because no one is in a hurry They live in large, more comfortable houses, and their neighbors are more friendly, and ready to help them when they need it Their life, however, can be (33) - and they may be isolated, which is a serious problem if they are ill or want to take their children to school
The city has all the services that the country lacks, but it also has a lot of disadvantages Cities are often polluted They not -(34) - have polluted air but also have noisy streets Everyone is always in a hurry and this -(35) - that people have no time to get to know each other and make friends
31.A joy B enjoyment C happiness D disadvantages
32.A quiet B peace C peaceful D quietly
33.A boring B bore C bored D bores
34.A never B ever C hardly D only
35.A aims B asks C means D said
Reading
In the last few weeks I have spent every Saturday in my flat and have done nothing more exciting than work at home, read the newspapers, and watch television I had begun feeling bored with this and so, last weekend I thought I would something different I phoned several of my friends and we decided to go to London for the day I was really excited as I hadn’t been to London since I was ten We decided to go by coach as this was the cheapest means of transport In London we decided to take a sightseeing tour as we wanted to see some of the famous buildings After the tour, we bought some sandwiches and ate them in the small park In the afternoon some of us went shopping and the others went to the theater We met up again at 6.30 p.m and went to a small restaurant in Sotho The meal was really good, but, unfortunately, it took much longer than we had expected We had to get a taxi back to the coach station Luckily, we got there just two minutes before our coach left
36.According to the passage, the writer -A has lived in London for ten years
B usually spends his weekend in London C went to London with some of his friends D felt bored with his tour
(10)-A he went there ten years ago B he hadn’t been there before C he hadn’t been there for ten years D he hadn’t been there for a long time 38.Why did they decide to go by coach?
A Because they wanted to start early
B Because other means of transport were more expensive C Because it was expensive
D Because they were excited about taking it to London 39.Which of the following is true?
A They all went shopping before going to the theater B They had lunch in a small restaurant
C They made a sightseeing tour and then had lunch D They left the city at 6.60 p.m
40.Why did they have to catch a taxi?
A Because they didn’t have enough time to walk to the coach station B Because they were too tired to walk
C Because the coach station was very far from the restaurant D Because it was raining heavily then
II WRITING A Transformation
41.They have built a new bridge across the river (Turn into passive form)
42.He started working as an engineer years ago (Rewrite the sentence)
43.Despite his intelligence, he doesn’t well at school (Although)
44.My father began to work in this company 15 years ago (Make question)
45.She said “I visited my grandfather last week” (Turn into Reported speech)
46.When/ he/ student/ used/ write/ home/ twice/ month (Write complete sentence)
41/ A new bridge has been built across the river
42/ He has worked as an engineer for years
43/ Although he is intelligent, he doesn’t well at school 44/ When did your father begin to work in this company?
45/ She said that she had visited her grandfather the week before 46/ When he was a student, he used to write home twice a month B Put the verbs in the correct form
47.Don’t forget (wait) - for me tomorrow
48.After he had had his breakfast, he (drive) - to the airport 49.If you more work, you (pass) - your exams
50.The house looks very tidy It (just clean) -
– Đại từ nhâ (tân ngữ và tính từ s – Trạng từ c