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The tourism industry generally overuses water resources for hotels, swimming pools, golf courses and personal use of water by tourists.. This can result in water shortages and degradatio[r]
(1)UNIT 9: PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT
A- PHONETICS
I- Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others A allergy B announcement C evidence D principle A.composer B invention C position D.submarine A.employment B violence C pesticide D.influence A.property B.solution C.advantage D.pollutant A.chemical B.erosion C.charity D.neighbourhood A.disposal B.depletion C.volunteer D.assignment B- VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word from the box.
Forest loss threats ecosystems clearing Habitats use farms fauna demand Agriculture is a major land (1)……… Around 50% of the world’s habitable land has already been converted into farming land Agricultural (2)……… provide important (3)……… for many wild plant and animal species This is especially the case for traditional farming areas that cultivate diverse species
However, rising (4)……… for food and other agricultural products has seen large – scale (5)……… of natural habitats to make room for farming
Recent examples include the conversion of lowland (6)……… in Indonesia into oil palm plantations, and of large areas of the Amazon rainforest and Brazilian savanna to soybean and cattle (7)………
This ongoing habitat (8)……… threatens entire ecosystems as well as many species Expanding oil palm plantations in Indonesia and Malaysia, for example, pose the most significant (9)……… to endangered (10)……… including Asian elephants, Sumatran rhinoceros, and tigers
II Use the correct form of the words in brackets to finish the sentences.
(2)2 ……… of hotels, recreation and other facilities often leads to increasing sewage pollution ( construct)
3 Waste water has polluted seas and lakes surrounding tourist……….damaging the flora and fauna ( attract)
4 The Earth’s natural resources should be consumed at a………level (sustain) Dealing with resource……….requires a broad range of strategies (deplete)
6 Experts predict that the world’s rain forests could completely disappear in 100 years at the current rate of………( deforest)
7 Mining is an extractive industry, often with huge………and social impacts (environment)
8 In the 1990’s, public……… of preserving the environment began to develop (aware)
9 A great ……… would be to start planting small gardens on the roofs of the buildings in the cities (solve)
10 With approximately billion trees being cut down……… to satisfy the world’s need for paper alone, preserving the………… of forests continues to be an important ……… (annual – deplete – prior)
III Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.
Protecting Biodiversity
(3)In fact, biodiversity protection is very much important since biodiversity is a fundamental component of (7)……… on Earth It creates complex (8)……… that could never be reproduced by humans The (9)………of that biodiversity is immeasurable, and thus must be protected Finally, we both want and need biodiversity We continue harming the natural environment without realizing the impact We should be aware (10)………… protecting biodiversity
IV Change the following sentences in direct speech to reported speech. Nam’s father said to him, “ Think about packing before you buy products” ………
2 Mr Tuan said to his students, “ Turn off lights and other electrical devices when you don’t need them”
……… Mai said to Anna, “ Don’t buy any products made from wildlife skins.”
………
4 Mai said to Nick, “ Don’t buy wood products from rainforest countries unless you know they come from eco-friendly suppliers."
……… Mary said to Kevin “ Join an organization or an Internet group that is working to protect rainforests or wildlife.”
……… Mai’s mother said to her, “ When you finish unpacking your groceries, save the bags and use them to collect your rubbish.”
……… Anna said that, “Comics, newspapers and magazines can become wrapping paper.” ………
8 Nam said that, “ Pesticides can cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment because they are designed to skill or affect living organisms.”
(4)……… 10 Kevin said that, “ Plastics not break down very easily which create a landfill problem.”
……… C READING
I Read the passage carefully, and the tasks that follow. Birds and Their Nests
Birds differ in their behavior just as much as their physical traits They even use very different methods to build their nests Some bird nests have the art of architecture beyond our imagination Birds build their nests in many different places and environments Some live on high branches, some live in bushes and some of them even nest on the ground Birds use their nests mainly to hatch their eggs and raise their offspring
Because of the destruction of trees, plants, bushes, ect., these birds are losing their habitats and breeding grounds There is a great lack of optional breeding areas for birds Proper breeding areas for birds are decreasing at an alarming rate Nowadays, it is hard for birds to find even the space to build nests
Some birds build nests on naturally formed tree hollows on ancient trees But unfortunately, there are very less old trees left in our country except rural areas Ducks are going towards extinction because they build their nest on old trees using the hollows, and we have almost no such trees We know that birds play an invaluable and irreplaceable role in nature
We should not destroy or harm any bird’s nest We can teach our children to observe birds and nests and how they take care of their eggs If we can encourage our children like this, it will be a great start to their education.We need to let people know how to keep enough open space around their homes where birds will feel safe This is not just for the birds; it will help us too We will gain more in the long run if we preserve the forests for our leisure and for animals and birds
Task 1: Match a word in column B, writing the answer in each blank.
A B
1 Traits (n) Offspring(n)
A The best possible
(5)3 Optional (adj) Hollows (n) Invaluable(adj)
C Particular characteristics D Extremely useful
E The young of an animal Task2: Read the passage again, and answer the questions below.
6 Where birds build their nests?
……… What birds build their nests for?
……… What is the effect of deforestation on birds?
……… What can we teach our children in order to protect birds?
……… 10 What can people to preserve birds?
……… II Read the passage carefully, and the tasks that follow.
River Pollution
River pollution occurs when pollutants are not removed from sewage and are discharged into the river River water is a very important source of freshwater required to sustain life.We need a constant supply of fresh water for drinking, cooking and washing Animals living near the river, as well as fishes and aquatic plants, also depend on clean river water
When heavy rainfall occurs, pollutants accumulated within the boundaries of the catchment area may be washed into river channels These pollutants include a variety of agronomicals like fertilizers and insecticides
Waste water containing cleaning detergents, oil and other pollutants like industrial waste may be discharged into the river channels through our drainage systems Industrial waste may contain sulfur, resulting in increasing the activity of the river water Sometimes, rubbish such as plastic bags and bottles, are also washed into the river channel
Task 1: Match a word in column A with its definition in column b, writing the answer in each blank.
A B
(6)2.Aquatic (adj) 3.Accumulate(v) 4.Catchment area (np) 5.Channel (n)
B To increase over a period of time
C The area from which rain flows into a river or a lake
D A part of a river
E To keep somebody or something alive or healthy Task2: Read the passage again, and answer the questions below.
6.When does river pollution occur?
……… 7.What is the important role of fresh water to humans and animals?
……… 8.What happens when heavy rainfall occurs in a polluted area?
……… 9.How may waste water be discharged into the river?
……… 10What is the effect of industrial waste on the environment?
……… III: Read the passage carefully, and answer the questions below.
Environmental Impacts of Tourism
Negative impacts from tourism occur when the level of visitor use is greater than the environment’s ability to cope with this use It can put enormous pressure on an area and lead to impacts such as soil erosion, increased pollution, discharges into the sea, natural habitat loss, increased pressure on endangered species and heightened vulnerability to forest fires Water, and especially fresh water, is one of the most critical natural resources The tourism industry generally overuses water resources for hotels, swimming pools, golf courses and personal use of water by tourists This can result in water shortages and degradation of water supplies, as well as generating a greater volume of waste water
(7)Tourism can create great pressure on local resources like energy, food, and other raw materials that may already be in short supply Because of the seasonal character of the industry, many destinations have ten times more inhabitants in the high season as in the low season A high demand is placed upon these resources to meet the high expectations of tourists for proper heating, hot water, ect
In areas with high concentrations of tourist activities and appealing natural attractions, waste disposal is a serious problem In mountain areas, trekking tourists generate a great deal of waste Tourists on expedition leave behind their garbage, oxygen cylinders and even camping equipment Some trails in the Peruvian Andes and in Nepal frequently visited by tourists have been nicknamed “Coca – Cola trail” and ‘Toilet paper trail”
1 When environmental impacts of tourism occur?
……… What impacts does tourism cause in an area?
……… What effects does the tourism industry leave on water sources?
……… Why are golf courses harmful to the environment?
……… Why can tourism create great pressure on local resources?
……… Why some trails in the Peruvian Andes and in Nepal have the nickname of “ Coca-Cola trail” or ‘ Toilet paper trail”?
……… E – WRITING
Use the given words/ phrases to make sentences about erosion You have to add some words or make some changes when necessary.
1 Agriculture/ use/ soils and water/ resource/ food production
……… At/ same time/ it / impact/ these resources
(8)3 Agriculture production/ continue/ rely/ inorganic fertilisers/ pesticides
……… Inappropriate farming practices/ lead/ soil erosion/ nutrient loss
……… Soil erosion/ removal/ soil/ wind and water
……… Erosion/ lead/ soil degradation/ eventually complete destruction
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