- Mệnh đề trạng ngữ luôn đi kèm với mệnh đề chính và trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ luôn có từ nối.. - Mệnh đề trạng ngữ có thể đứng trước hoặc sau mệnh đề chính tùy thuộc vào từ nối, miễn sao [r]
(1)ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
Example: Although she is poor, she lives in happiness
Dependent clause/ Independent clause/ main clause
Adverbial clause
Although: connective word
- Mệnh đề trạng ngữ ln kèm với mệnh đề mệnh đề trạng ngữ ln có từ nối
- Mệnh đề trạng ngữ đứng trước sau mệnh đề tùy thuộc vào từ nối, nghĩa không đổi
EX: Before I go to school, I have breakfast I have breakfast before I go to school
1 Types of adverbial clauses:
+ Time + Place + Reason + Purpose + Concession + Manner
2 Adverbial clause of reason
Common connectives Example
Because + clause Since + clause As + clause For + clause
Because of / due to / owing to + noun phrase / V-ing
Because I was sick I didn’t go to school yesterday
(2)3 Adverbial clause of concession
Common connectives Example
Though / although / even though + clause
Despite / In spite of + noun phrase/ V-ing
Although she was successful, she felt dissatisfied
Despite her success, she felt dissatisfied
4 Adverbial clause of purpose
Common connectives Example
So that / in order that + clause
So as to / in order to + Verb
I study hard so that I can pass the entrance examination
I study hard so as to pass the entrance examination
Note:
+ so # so that ( so: result so that: purpose)
+ so / such … that
- S+ to be+ so + adj + that + clause
- S + to be + such + (a/an ) adj noun + that + clause
- S + to be + too + adj+ to Verb
- S + to be + adj + enough + to Verb
EX: I am so strong that I can carry this box.
I am such a strong girl that I can carry this box.
I am too weak to carry this box ( I am so weak that I can not carry this
box)
(3)EXCERSISE 1: Complete the following sentences with an appropriate conjunction:
1 She seems happy ……… she can’t find a job Covid 19 is spreading, ………… we should avoid crowds I like living in the dormitory ……… it is noisy
4 I don’t like living in the dormitory ……… it is noisy He found himself in trouble ……… his bad behavior
6 ……… his poor English, he managed to communicate his problem clearly He was late ……… heavy traffic
8 I am not going on holiday this summer ……… I can get my work done
EXCERSISE 2: : Correct the mistakes in the following sentences
1/ Because the fog, all train departures were cancelled ……… 2/ She put on the raincoat so that not to get wet
……… 3/ Despite of their wealth, they are not happy
……… 4/ I have drawn a map for you in order to find the house ……… 5/ It was rainy even though I went out
………
EXCERSISE 3: Sentence transformation:
1/ Anne could not go to university because of her financial difficulties
Because ……… 2/ It snowed heavily, so we couldn’t arrive home early
The snow was so……… 3/ I don’t like him but I agree that he’s a good manager
(4)4/ Although the traffic was very bad , we arrived on time
Despite……… 5/ The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it
The furniture was too……… 6/ His tiredness after the long drive did not prevent him from finishing his work Although ……… 7/ It was such lovely weather that we decided to spend the day on the beach The weather……… 8/ It is raining hard, but they still want to go to school
They still want ……… 9/ It rained heavily, so they stopped the match
It was such……… 10/ Tom wants to lose weight, so he doesn’t eat large amounts of chocolate He doesn’t eat……… 11/ She is short, so she can not reach the ceiling
She is not ……… 12/ The furniture was too old to keep
It was……… 13/ My sister had a headache, she still read until late
In spite……… 14/ Despite a good performance, she lost the match
Although……… 15/ Because of his good looks, he is popular with many girls
Because……… 16/ She must stay in bed because of her illness
Because ……… 17/ The faucet is dripping and water is going all over the floor
(5)In spite……… 19/ It started to rain Therefore, we stopped playing tennis
Because……… 20/ Mr Brown kept on working although he was getting tired