21903 GIZ PNKB process report CS EN

Report on Livelihood Selection and Planning Process Draft Report February 2014 Published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Nature Conservation and Sustainable Management of the Natural Resources in the Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park Region Address 09 Quang Trung Street Dong Hoi City Quang Binh Province Viet Nam E-mail jens.kallabinski@giz.de Web www.giz.de www.pnkb-quangbinh.org.vn Authors Christian Schưn, Mesopartner Responsible Jens Kallabinski © GIZ, March 2014 Report on Livelihood Selection and Planning Process Nature Conservation and Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in PNKB Region Project Christian Schoen (cs@mesopartner.com) Table of Contents Table of Contents Executive Summary List of Abbreviations Background and Objectives 1.1 Background 1.2 Rationale and Objectives Brief description of Moderation Process 11 2.1 Livelihood Selection Process 11 2.2 Pre-Selection and Final Selection Criteria 13 Results of Moderation Process 16 3.1 Shortlisted Livelihood Models 16 3.2 Prioritized Livelihood Models 18 3.3 Action Plans 20 3.4 Economic Actor Map 20 Conclusions and Recommendations 22 Annex 1: Agenda of Livelihood Selection and Planning Workshop 24 Annex 2: Livelihood Selection Questionnaire 25 Annex 3: Participants at Livelihood Selection Workshop 26 Annex 4: Key Features of Pre-selected Livelihood Models 28 Annex 5: Proposed Operational Plans for Developing Livelihood Models 30 Annex 6: Selected Photos 37 Executive Summary This consultancy mission conducted in February 2014 responded to the request from the Project “Nature Conservation and Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in the Phong Nha-Ke Bang (PNKB) National Park Region” (in brief: PNKB Region Project) operated by GIZ and KfW to moderate the selection process of livelihood models for the buffer zone of PNKB National Park in a structured way, drawing on previous value chain development (VCD) and local economic development (LED) experiences in Vietnam The assignment aimed at supporting the project to identify and choose alternative livelihood models that meet critical economic, social and biodiversity standards and to plan initial support measures The project’s promotion of alternative livelihood models for poor communities will ultimately contribute to reducing the pressure on the national park and its buffer zone Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has a global significance for biodiversity, including various endemic species and extensive karsts landscape with magnificent cave systems However, natural resources of the PNKB are under pressures by the current choice of livelihoods of local communities in the buffer-zone In previous phases, the project has initially set up necessary structural conditions for a better biodiversity management in the core zone, while considering a conservation-oriented economic development in the buffer zone The current and final phase of this eight year project aims at further improving the living conditions in the buffer zone combined with biodiversity conservation objectives The project is now putting more focus on biodiversityfriendly products and on supporting the poorest group of the communities, especially women and ethnic groups The selection of promising and biodiversity-friendly livelihood activities for suitable target groups is necessary and crucial in this phase.Subsequently, a sustainable and market-oriented approach of supporting local households in developing selected livelihood options is essential for achieving the project’s objectives With above-mentioned objectives, the project was cooperating with the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development to conduct a “Selection and Planning Workshop for biodiversity-friendly livelihood development in the Buffer zone of Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park” on 20 February 2014 in Dong Hoi The workshop and its preparatory activities helped narrowing down a long list of potential livelihood alternatives (17) to a small selected number of models (4-6) that can be supported with the project’s means and capacities The moderation team agreed to use two sets of selection criteria A first set of five criteria was applied for pre-selecting a long list of 10 livelihood models, a second set of 11 criteria for the participatory prioritization exercise at the public workshop (divided into economic criteria, social criteria and environmental criteria) The Selection and Planning Workshop comprised of two parts: (1) selection of potential biodiversity-friendly livelihood products/service and (2) upon the result of the product/service selection, a collective planning session in order to pave the way for implementation of these products at the communities The Workshop resulted in the selection of chicken farming as highest scoring livelihood model across all sets of criteria It is followed by tourist souvenirs made of bamboo/rattan and bee-keeping / honey production, both showing almost equal results With some distance, mushroom cultivation qualifies as forth livelihood activity Although PNKB Regional Project is tasked to develop four livelihood models only, the project is considering selecting the fifth and sixth ranking activity as well: sweet potato cultivation and agro-forestry models Structured action plans had been discussed and drafted in the second part of the Selection and Planning Workshop for the six most prioritized livelihood models As time was tight during action planning in the afternoon hours of the workshop, different plans show different quality Apart from the plan on developing tourist souvenirs made from bamboo and rattan, all other plans look like early drafts that need a profound revision Part of the assignment was also a moderated internal mapping exercise of economic actors in the project area The map was first drafted by the GIZ and KfW project teams and representatives of DARD at provincial level in Quang Binh and later critically reviewed by the participants in the Livelihood Selection and Planning Workshop The international consultant gives the following recommendations for next steps:  The considerations of the project to start supporting more than the necessary four models are sensible given that support measures can fail for various reasons Sweet potato cultivation and agro-forestry models rank five and six with almost the same scores For both, support should be discussed and explored as well, provided the necessary resources are available  Having a larger number of livelihood models selected for support (more than 4) provides the opportunity to experiment with different models in different districts, as the three districts and 13 communes in the buffer zone show different features  For some livelihood models, particularly bee keeping/honey production and tourist souvenir production, private sector involvement is crucial in terms of providing both capital and expertise, which needs to be considered when revising the action plans and starting implementation  To enable a wide outreach of project activities to a large number of people living and working in the buffer zone, subcontracting of local villagers on a large scale is a preferable and already well proven scheme  The value chain development perspective is proposed to be applied in the development of products that are defined and selected for livelihood interventions due to its rigorous market orientation and its proven positive impact on poverty alleviation  The economic actor map drafted by the project and reviewed in the stakeholder workshop provides a snap-shot of the current local economic system consisting of actors and their interrelations It should be used by the project beyond the livelihood selection process and updated regularly in order to reflect changing realities List of Abbreviations BMZ CBT DARD GIZ KfW LED NP PACA PNKB PPR TC TRC VCD Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit (Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development) Community-based Tourism Department of Agriculture and Rural Development Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau Local Economic Development National Park Participatory Appraisal of Competitive Advantage Phong Nha - Ke Bang Project Progress Report Technical Cooperation Tourism Resource Consultants Value Chain Development und Entwicklung Background and Objectives 1.1 Background Project Background This consultancy mission responded to the request from the Project “Nature Conservation and Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in the Phong Nha-Ke Bang (PNKB) National Park Region” (in brief: PNKB Region Project) to moderate the selection process of livelihood models for the buffer zone of PNKB National Park in a systematic way, drawing on previous value chain development (VCD) and local economic development (LED) experience in Vietnam The PNKB Region Project is a Vietnamese-German Development Cooperation, initiated by the Vietnamese Government in cooperation with the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) The Project is implemented by the People’s Committee of Quang Binh province with the support of the two German Development organizations: the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) and the KfW Development Bank The project’s overall goal is “Contribution to the conservation of the Northern Annamite Region, its biodiversity and ecological services in close relation with a sustainable socio-economic development” and the specific goal is “Reduction of the pressure on the Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park and amelioration of the legal income of the target groups living the park region” The project duration is years, starting from October 2007 until the end of September 2015 (in phases) for the technical cooperation component (GIZ) and from August 2008 to September 2016 for the financial cooperation (KfW) The phase II of the Technical Cooperation (TC) Phong Nha-Ke Bang Region Project ended on 30th September 2013 During the previous phases, the project has achieved almost all agreed objectives and was recommended to continue for another phase which has been mutually agreed by the PPC Quang Binh and the GIZ Mid-term Review Mission (PPR) Meanwhile, the financial cooperation (KfW) is currently in phase II, supporting the NP management, and enhancing law enforcement and livelihood investments in the buffer zone in order to contribute to World Natural Heritage Conservation The project has initially set up necessary structural conditions for a better biodiversity management in the core zone (Park Management Plan) with considering a conservation oriented economic development in the buffer zone (Tourism Development Plan, Buffer Zone Development Plan) Furthermore, the participatory socio-economic development plans at village and commune levels and land-use plans which have been developed in 13 buffer zone communes have contributed to a positive development of income of local communities More than 1,000 households were allocated forest land and nearly 800 households were supported in developing agricultural production (bamboo-shoot growing, chicken raising, vegetable growing, sweet potatoes growing, sow-pig raising) and tourism development The aim of this support was to contribute to an increase of local people’s income based on agricultural production and related services, instead of depending on the exploitation of forest resources The current and final phase aims at further improving the living conditions in the buffer zone combined with biodiversity conservation objectives In addition, the provincial government will be further empowered to monitor the impact of socio-economic development in the buffer zone on biodiversity Compared to previous phases, the project is putting more focus on biodiversity-friendly products and on supporting the poorest groups of the communities, especially women and ethnic groups Based on its capacity, experience and complete operation system, the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD) and its line agencies at all levels are identified as main partner for jointly implementing these activities With the objective of the phase is “Approaches and learning experiences for integrated nature conservation in the Phong Nha-Ke Bang region are used for local management and national policy-making”, it is expected that the results, approaches and experiences of the project of the final phase will be documented and integrated into the current government system of livelihood development for local households in the buffer zone and other regions Livelihood development in buffer zone requires typical measures of linking biodiversity conservation of core zone of PNKB NP The selection of potential and biodiversity-friendly livelihood activities for suitable target groups is necessary and crucial in this phase Thereafter, a sustainable and market-oriented approach of supporting local households in developing selected livelihood options is essential for achieving the project’s objectives Socio-economic Background Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park has its global significance for biodiversity, including many endemic species, extensive karsts landscape with magnificent cave systems However, natural resources of the PNKB are under pressures by the current choice of livelihoods of local communities in the buffer-zone With an approximate area of 225,000 within 13 communes of Quang Binh, the buffer zone is inhabited by about 65,000 inhabitants, including different tribes of the two ethnic groups Bru-Van Kieu and Chut Seen as the highest poverty rate in the province, a majority of inhabitants in the buffer zone is poor with little job opportunities and their main livelihoods depend on natural resources of the PNKB National Park (NP) for centuries Agricultural area accounts for only about 2% of the total area of the NP, while inhabitants’ lives in the buffer zone are mainly based on agriculture Biodiversity of the PNKB National Park is under threat by over-exploitation while other alternative livelihoods development measures for local people are still limited Moreover, though the tourism industry is growing rapidly at the national park, the majority of locals in the buffer zone are not benefiting from tourism activities It is crucial to support the residents in approaching alternative income resources and new development opportunities to reserve important biodiversity values of the national park In addition, it is necessary to get supportive efforts in connection between reserve objectives in core zone of PNKB NP and development demand of buffer-zone based communities Due to this, pressure on natural resource of the NP is reduced and sustainable livelihoods of inhabitants are improved This issue was focused and mentioned in the Decree 117, Decision 24 by the Government Currently, there is a number of income generating products and activities that are supported by different projects/programmes for local people which are assumed to have high potential for further development and for which market linkages can be established It is important to draw on local knowledge and appraisal by involving relevant stakeholders in the process of selecting the most potential products and services to be promoted with the support of the project in the coming time Figure 1: Phong Nha – Ke Bang Region Map Source: TRC (2010) Sustainable Tourism Development Plan , 2010 to 2020, Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park Region , September 2010 1.2 Rationale and Objectives Ensuring a sustainable livelihood is the main concern of communities in the buffer zone and, at the same time, a precondition for the conservation of the PNKB NP The natural resources in the buffer zone consist for more than 80% of forest land, whereas the agricultural land is very limited Consequently, the lack of cultivable land for paddy production in the buffer zone leaves local communities to generate their main income from the forests This causes big challenges for local people’s life and puts pressure on natural capital and biodiversity in the forests There are three potential ways to ease this pressure on natural resources in the park: raising awareness among local communities, enforcing laws and regulations that restrict the exploitation of forests and their products and promoting alternative livelihood models for local communities In order to have sufficient impact, all three pathways need to be followed simultaneously (see Figure below) Supporting the development of livelihood models among local communities through the promotion of local products in the buffer zone by the project, jointly with the support of other projects/programmes in the same area, is expected to professionalize production and market access of those products During the final phase of the project life, a systematic and participatory selection and development of suitable livelihood alternatives is a continuation and intensification of previous project work on developing income generating products for the area The participation of relevant stakeholders from the support structures and local beneficiaries from the communes in selecting local products for support is crucial Figure 2: Logic of Livelihood Support in Buffer Zone The project has assigned an experienced international consultant who supported the project team to consolidate available inputs and moderate a participatory selection and planning process to come up with a product selection to be promoted in the coming years Furthermore, an actor mapping to define roles and involvement of key stakeholders in the whole process was another requirement of this mission The assignment aimed at supporting the project by applying selected elements of the pro-poor PACA1 methodology to identify and choose alternative livelihood models that meet critical economic, social and biodiversity standards and plan initial support measures The project’s promotion of alternative livelihood models for poor communities will ultimately contribute to reducing the pressure on the park and its buffer zone PACA (Participatory Appraisal of Competitive Advantage) is a rapid analysis methodology of local economies, sub-sectors or value chains The methodology is aiming at identifying economic potentials and challenges and creating motivation among local actors to take an active role in LED initiatives A pro-poor variety of PACA has been developed and field-tested by GIZ and Mesopartner in Vietnam between 2009 and 2012 in Thanh Hoa and Dak Nong provinces (see http://www.mesopartner.com/themes/unleashing-the-economic-potential-ofthe-poor/) Annex 1: Agenda of Livelihood Selection and Planning Workshop Date/time 08:00-08:25 08:25-08:30 08:30 - 08:40 08:40 - 08:50 08:50 – 08:55 8:55 – 9: 30 9:30 – 9:40 9:40 – 10:00 10:00 – 10:40 10:40 - 11:10 11:10 - 11:30 11:30 – 13:15 13:15 – 13:20 13:20 – 14:00 14:00 – 14:20 14:20 – 14:50 14:50 – 15:00 15:00 - 15:20 15:20 – 16:00 16:00 – 16:20 16:20 - 16:45 Content Registration of Participants Introduction of Participants Opening Remark Welcome Speeches (incl introducing phase objective, indicators on livelihood development, overview of livelihood development in buffer zone) Introduction of the workshop agenda Presentation on livelihood alternatives in the buffer zone, selection criteria and their conceptual underpinnings Explanation of the selection process of livelihood alternatives & Guidance to fill out selection form Coffee break Group discussion on selection of biodiversity-friendly livelihood products/services; filling out selection form by groups Present outputs of group discussion, Q&A Responsible Mr Phan Van Khoa – Director of DARD Dr Jens Kallabinski, Chief Technical Advisor of Technical Cooperation Project PNKB Region GIZ Mr Christian Schoen – Consultant Interpreter Mr Christian Schoen – Consultant Interpreter Participants will be divided into to 10 groups (5 persons per group) Facilitated by consultants and GIZ Groups (in parallel processing the selection forms by Christian Schoen) Presentation of selection results Mr Christian Schoen – Consultant (prioritized biodiversity-friendly Interpreter livelihood products), Q&A Lunch break Introduction of afternoon agenda GIZ Brainstorming on implementation Group discussion, one group per selected measures for selected livelihood livelihood alternative alternatives Facilitated by consultants and GIZ Presentation of proposed Groups implementation measures Presentation and improvement of Mr Christian Schoen – Consultant draft stakeholder map (prepared GIZ earlier in an internal workshop) Present planning format GIZ Coffee break Action Planning (group discussion) of Group discussion, one group per selected proposed implementation measures livelihood alternative Facilitated by consultants and GIZ Group presentations Groups Review workshop results and closing GIZ Annex 2: Livelihood Selection Questionnaire Annex 3: Participants at Livelihood Selection Workshop Participants from the Provincial Departments STT Name Organization Phan Văn Khoa Director of DARD Trần Đình Hiệp DARD Trương Thị Thanh Nga DARD Lê Hồng Viễn AEC Lê Thuận Trung AEC Trần Chí Phương PPMU Lê Thúc Định National Park Phạm Thanh Nam DoST Lưu Hồng Ánh PPMU 10 Đặng Minh Hùng FPD Participants from the Districts and communes 11 Trần Quang Vũ DPC of Bo Trach district 12 Châu Văn Ninh Sub-DARD Quang Ninh 13 Phan Chí Thu FA of Dan Hoa commune 14 Hồ Thị Xanh FA of Trong Hoa commune 15 Trần Văn Thu Bo Trach DPMU 16 Thiều Thanh Vân DPMU of NP 17 Đinh Hữu Dực Minh Hoa DPMU 18 Đinh Minh Thông Sub-DARD Minh Hoa 19 Vũ Văn Thành Sub-DARD Bo Trach 20 Nguyễn Văn Thắng Ago-Extension in Bo Trach district 21 Lê Anh Đáng Hung Trach CPC 22 Trần Văn Trung Ago-Extension in Quang Ninh district 23 Đinh Thanh Xuân Minh Hoa Sub-DARD 24 Phạm Việt Tùng Bo Trach Sub-DARD 25 Trương Vĩnh Dung Ago-Extension in Bo Trach district Trạm KN Quảng Ninh 26 Đinh Xuân Nguyên Ago-Extension in Minh Hoa district 27 Nguyễn Thành Vinh Ago-Extension in Bo Trach district 28 Nguyễn Quốc Hùng Hưng Trạch CPC 29 Nguyễn Ngọc Anh Sơn Trạch CPC 30 Nguyễn Văn Lương Phúc Trạch CPC 31 Lê Thanh Huy Xuân Trạch CPC 32 Nguyễn Việt Hoàng Thượng Trạch CPC 33 Cao Văn Sịng Trung Hóa CPC 34 Đinh Duy Ln Dân Hóa CPC 35 Đinh Xuân Tiến Trọng Hóa CPC 36 Trần Văn Tứ Sơn Trạch CPC 37 Lê Ngọc Hậu Phúc Trạch CPC 38 Trần Xuân Nghĩa Xuân Trạch CPC 39 Nguyễn Trường Chinh Thượng Hóa CPC 40 Cao Xuân Dương Trung Hóa CPC 41 Đinh Văn Vân FA of Hoa Son commune 42 Phan Chí Thu FA of Dan Hoa commune 43 Hồ Thị Xanh FA of Trong Hoa commune Participants from Projects, company and NGOs 44 Nguyễn Châu Mỹ Oxalis 45 Phan Đức Hạnh RDPR 46 Ngô Văn Hồng CIRD 47 Phan Thị Hoài CDC 48 Trang Hiếu Tường Ilumtics 49 Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Anh GIZ 50 Phạm Thị Liên Hòa GIZ 51 Bùi Quang Thịnh GIZ 52 Nguyễn Hồng Thảo GIZ 53 Hoàng Văn Luật GIZ 54 Phan Thị Hảo GIZ 55 Bas Van Helvoort KfW 56 Nguyễn Việt Had KfW Annex 4: Key Features of Pre-selected Livelihood Models Souvenir Products made from Bamboo/Rattan  Producing tourist souvenirs from bamboo and rattan supports actors along the value chain from raw material production to souvenir production and selling to tourist  Various types of bamboo and rattan are locally available or can be sourced from neighbouring provinces and supported for the cultivation in locality  The production can innovate on existing designs and is in line with locally available skills and capacities Production can happen in homeworker schemes coordinated by lead firms  Market demand is available in the province form domestic and international tourists, but also from export markets  The GIZ project has successfully supported souvenir production from bamboo/rattan in the previous phase through involving professional designers, prototyping 35 products and involving ethnic minority groups in initial production  Suitable communes seem to be Trong Hoa, Truong Son, Tan Trach and Thuong Trach Bee-keeping and honey production  Bee-keeping is a traditional livelihood activity in Quang Binh., However, with 2,000 bee farmers, 7,000 bee swarms and 60 tons honey produced per year the honey value chain in Quang Binh is rather small-scale  The intact natural forest in PNKB national park offers abundant natural flowers, the raw material for honey production  Being a traditional livelihood activity, bee-keeping skills and experience are sufficiently available among local farmers Innovation through experimenting with varieties of bees or honey is however still missing  The unique advantage of Quang Binh honey is that it is locally produced in an intact natural environment It can thus create interest and demand from tourists and local population, both having a special requirement to buy local products  Suitable communes seem to be Hoa Son, Trong Hoa, Thuong Hoa, Xuan Trach, Phuc Trach, Trong Hoa, Truong Son, Thuong Trach Bamboo shoot cultivation  Bamboo shoots are another product of the bamboo value chain Climate and soil conditions in Quang Binh are ideal for growing bamboo, but access to good quality bamboo seedlings is needed  Skills and capacity of farmers to plant and harvest bamboo shoots are given Farmers supported in this livelihood activity should have (garden) area and labour available  Quang Binh province does not show a specific competitive advantage in producing bamboo shoots in a national context Local production would mainly serve local demand  Previously supported by the project, evaluation results show that planting of bamboo trees in soil erosion areas is especially promising Farmers find own solutions for typical problems, like fencing against the cattle  Suitable communes seem to be Son Trach, Xuan Trach, Phuc Trach, Tan Trach, Thuong Trach, Trong Hoa, Dan Hoa, Truong Son Grass cultivation (for cattle forage)  Grass plantation model for cattle was one of the livelihood activities proposed in the Green VDPs/CDPs to prevent cattle roaming in forests or farmers taking feed from forests This is an issue in the rainy season when feed is scarce  Skills and capacity of farmers are given to pursue this activity However, sufficient land and labor force is a need Innovative seedlings are to be provided to improve grass quality  Farmers are usually producing for their own demand There is not yet a functioning market for grass fodder for livestock  Support for grass cultivation was introduced by the project in phase II Evaluation results show that the new variety of grass improved the feed situation and farmers want to continue cultivating this grass  Suitable communes seem to be Son Trach, Xuan Trach, Phuc Trach, Tan Trach, Thuong Trach, Trong Hoa, Dan Hoa, Truong Son Sweet potato cultivation  Sweet potatoes are a traditional staple food in Quang Binh To make sweet potato cultivation an attractive livelihood model, innovation of cultivation techniques and/or seed varieties is necessary  On the input side, availability and quality of new seedling varieties needs to be ensured Farmer skills are available or can easily be upgraded to new techniques Sufficient farm land is a necessity  Unprocessed sweet potatoes are sold locally Processed sweet potato product (khoai gieo) are a speciality of Quang Binh and attractive to domestic tourists  Previous project support shows that improved producing techniques and seed varieties can generate economic benefits to farmers  Suitable communes are Xuan Trach, Phuc Trach, Son Trach and Hung Trach Chicken raising  Chicken raising results in two main products, eggs and chicken meat It is a livelihood model suitable for poor and nearly poor families  The model would require innovation of chicken breed and/or fodder Running experiments with industrial fodder versus agricultural residues is recommended  In general, farmers have chicken raising skills, but need more capacity in restricted roaming models, hygiene of housing, vaccinations and the ability to recognize and treat diseases The bird flu remains a threat to this livelihood model  Market demand is only local in the same or neighbouring communes and districts  Previous project support found mixed results with a new breed of chicken More experimentation is necessary  Suitable communes are Son Trach, Xuan Trach, Phuc Trach, Trong Hoa, Thuong Hoa andHoa Son Agro-forestry models  Agro-forestry models mean the combination of agricultural and forest activities, such as intercropping, forest gardens or analogue forestry  Indigenous trees can be intercropped with agricultural products or livestock raising, unless harmful for biodiversity The combination of suitable activities leaves room for innovation and experimentation  Farmers have some skills in agro-forestry, but certainly need an upgrade, also depending on the combined activities  Resulting products must be marketable to generate income for farmers  DARD is experimenting with various agro-forestry models and is positive about their feasibility and biodiversity-friendliness  Suitable communes are Xuan Trach, Son Trach, Trung Hoa, Thuong Hoa and Truong Son Herbal medicine cultivation  This livelihood model requires the identification of suitable varieties of medicinal herbs  Skills are available in households with traditional medicinal practice, but need to be upgraded for pursuing this model  This model can be highly innovative and generated new sources of income for rural farmers with little land  The identification of a suitable medicinal herb would also require to look into the market demand as a key criterion  Suitable communes are proposed to be Dan Hoa, Trong Hoa, Tan Trach, Thuong Trach and Truong Son Mushroom cultivation  Oyster, straw mushrooms, cat-ear mushrooms and linh chi mushroom have been cultivated in the area  Seeds are easily available Only little land is necessary as grown in green houses Production material is available, such as recycled rubber sawdust and rice husk  Farmers’ skills are easily upgradable, for instance through a farmer-farmer training  Market demand for all types of mushroom exists mainly locally Demand is even exceeding supply Dried cat-ear mushrooms are also sold in other parts of Vietnam  Previous support by other projects like SNV showed good results in terms of cultivation and economic returns in districts of Le Thuy, Quang Ninh, Quang Trach…  Suitable communes are mostl likely Son Trach, Xuan Trach, Phuc Trach and Hung Trach Clean vegetable cultivation  Clean vegetable cultivation would be an innovative livelihood model but it requires careful and consistent agricultural practices It is a pre-stage to organic vegetable cultivation  The model requires all sorts of clean inputs like seeds, fertilizers and clean water Most suitable is growing on sandy soil near river bank and accessible to clean water sources  Supporting services plus farmers need technical training on caring, organic pest management and seed production  Clean vegetables can potentially achieve a premium price, but the market is still limited in terms of size in-and outside Quang Binh province  Previous project support to vegetable garden models showed good levels of benefits and sustainability for some of the vegetables Careful selection of types is necessary  Suitable communes appear to be Phuc Trach, Son Trach and Xuan Trach Annex 5: Proposed Operational Plans for Developing Livelihood Models Souvenir Products made from Bamboo/Rattan No Supporting Organisations Responsib ility Activities Time 2014 Q1 Q2 X X Q3 Q4 Q1 Establishing cooperative production groups Cooperative Commune PC Alliances, Project Designing Sample Groups Identifying markets Groups Project Training Groups + Project, Commune PC Consultant X Providing equipment Groups + Project Commune PC X Planning raw material areas Groups + Project, Commune PC Consultant + District PC X Technical training for material planting and exploiting Groups + Project, Commune PC Consultant Piloting Project, Consultant, Groups + Products Commune PC Consuming Company X Developing product brand the Groups DoST X 10 Promoting products the 11 Developing traditional proposals Group + Project, Commune PC Products Consuming Village + Company, PNKB NP Commune PC Project, Consultant + DoIT tools, village + Consultant, Project, Commune PC X Consultant X + Project, Consultant Necessary Resources 2015 Q2 Q3 Officers, Consultant and Project X X X Bee-keeping and honey production No Activities Responsibility Supporting Organizati ons Time 2014 Q1 Q2 Technical Training Consultant + Commune PC Establishing beekeeping groups Commune PC + Locals Project X Tools, bee breeding Commune PC + Groups Project X X Model touring Local groups Project X X Project X Product marketing Local groups Project Lesson workshop Group + Commune PC Project learnt Q3 Necessary Resources 2015 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Finance supporting experts and trainees X X X X X X X X Finance X Finance X X X X Finance X X Financing, Technical training, support for product branding X X Finance Chicken raising Time No Activities Responsibility Supporting 2014 Q1 Q2 Q3 Resources 2015 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Survey, demand registration Locals Project, Consultant X Target appraisal, household selecting DARD, Agriculture Division, Agriculture Extension Center Project, Consultant X Developing Project, Cost Estimation Local Project, Consultant X Local Activity Approval DARD Project, Consultant X DARD Technical Training Extension Center Project, Consultant X Technical officer Reviewing households’ preparations Agriculture Division, Agriculture Extension Division Project, Consultant X Technical officer Breeding, Food and Vaccine Supply Livestock Breeding Centre Project, Consultant X GIZ (capital) Activity Monitoring Agriculture Extension Project, Consultant X Model Evaluation, Reviewing DARD, Agriculture Division, Agriculture Extension Division Project, Consultant X 10 Model up-scaling Locals Project, DARD X X 11 Monitoring, Evaluating DARD, Agriculture Division, GIZ X X Project, X Consultant GIZ and local finance Technical officer X X Technical officer X X DARD, GIZ Local, GIZ X X GIZ Mushroom cultivation Time No Activities Responsibility Supporting 2014 Q1 Site survey, selecting location, scale identifying Project + Grassroots DARD, DoST Developing Plan, approving models Project Local Training, technical guidance, study tours DARD, DoST Constructing green houses, materials, supplying equipments and tools Q2 Q3 Resources 2015 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Labors Funding + X Labors Funding + Project X Labors Funding + Project DARD, DoST, locals X Labors Funding + Guiding on model implementation DARD, DoST Project, Local Labors Funding + 1st meeting (feedback, lessons learnt on modeling) Project DARD, DoST, locals X Labors Funding + Model Evaluation, Reviewing Project DARD, DoST X Labors Funding + Model up-scaling Labors Funding + Local Project, DARD X X X X Sweet potato cultivation Time No Activities Responsibility Supporting 2014 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Household survey, appraisal, selecting Agriculture Extension Station, Commune PC Agriculture Division, Project X Technical Training Agriculture Extension Station Project X Material, seedling supply Agriculture Extension Station, Commune PC, Project Project, Commune PC Technical guidance Agriculture Extension Station, Commune PC, Project Project, Commune PC Harvest, further processing, consumption Agriculture Extension Station, Commune PC, farmers Project Model evaluation, reviewing Agriculture Extension Station, Commune PC, farmers, Project Project Resources 2015 Q1 X Q2 X Officer, project supports funding, farmer Officer, project supports funding Officer, project supports funding X X Q3 X X Officer, project supports funding X X Labors + Funding X Officers, Project, Farmers Agro-forestry models Time No Activities Responsibility Supporting 2014 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q X X X X X X X Survey, identifying clear Consultant, model of Agro-Forestry: local Breeding Technical units at district and provincial levels X X Survey, identifying clear Consultant, model of Agro-Forestry: local Cultivation Technical units at district and provincial levels X X Survey, identifying clear Consultant, model of Agro-Forestry: local Forestry Technical units at district and provincial levels X Action planning Coordinating Committees, PCs at commune, districts and provincial levels Implementation: - Training - Study tour - Evaluation, reviewing Related parties Draft Report Related Departmen ts X X X 36 Resoures 2015 X X X X X February 2014 Annex 6: Selected Photos Results of internal pre-selection of livelihood models (17 Feb, 2014) Actor Mapping Exercise (18 Feb 2014) Introductory Presentation of CTA (20 Feb 2014) Selection and Planning Workshop in Sun Spa Resort, Dong Hoi (20 Feb 2014) Planning and Selection Workshop (20 Feb 14) Reviewing Economic Actor Map (20 Feb 2014) Economic Actor Map (after review at Selection Workshop) Planning Livelihood Model Development in Working Groups (20 Feb 2014) Planning Livelihood Model Development in Working Groups (20 Feb 2014) ... Phong Nha-Ke Bang (PNKB) National Park Region” (in brief: PNKB Region Project) operated by GIZ and KfW to moderate the selection process of livelihood models for the buffer zone of PNKB National Park... in the Phong Nha-Ke Bang (PNKB) National Park Region” (in brief: PNKB Region Project) to moderate the selection process of livelihood models for the buffer zone of PNKB National Park in a systematic... description of Moderation Process 11 2.1 Livelihood Selection Process 11 2.2 Pre-Selection and Final Selection Criteria 13 Results of Moderation Process