Page of MODULE 2: SUBJECTS AND VERBS AGREEMENT Singular and plural verbs : Sự hòa hợp S V cân nghĩa lựa chọn cách phù hợp ngữ pháp giữ V số hay số nhiều theo sau S: Eg: The shop opens at nine The shops open at nine A S ĐI VỚI V SỐ ÍT: N +and +N: Khi chúng nói đến người, vật, ý tưởng, or số nhóm từ đc nối với băng “and” có định từ, V đại từ số N dùng với diễn tả ý đơn: Eg: My best friend and adviser, Tom, is coming tonight Each/ every + singular N: Eg: Every article in this newspaper is very interesting Each of / every of + plural N: Eg: Each of the children has a toy Either/ Neither/ the number/ one + of + plural N: Eg: if either of you does the homework now, we will be able to finish it soon One of my friends is going to Da Lat next week Each/ every + singular N + and + Each/ every + singular N: Eg: Each boy and each girl has a book any + singular N no + singular N Some + singular N anybody nobody somebody anyone no one someone anything nothing something every + singular N each + singular N everybody everyone either* everything neither* Eg: everything looks bright and clean If anyone calls, tell himI’ll call back later NOTE: + Either neither số k đc sd với or nor + Either (1 2) dùng cho người, vật Nếu người, vật trở lên phải dùng any Eg: If either of you takes a vacation now, we won’t be able to finish this work If any of students in this class is absent, he or she must have the permission of the instructor + Neither (k 2) dùng cho người, vật Nếu người, vật trở lên phải dùng not any Eg: Neither of two his classes gets an “c” Not any of those pairs of shoes fits me Tính tốn: V số thường đứng sau S số nhiều đọc phép toán: Eg: two and two is/are four Ten times fives is/are fifty Nhiều 1: thường dùng nhóm từ “more than one” vơi N V số ít: Eg: if things not get better, more than one person is going to have to find a new job Quốc gia: tên số nhiều quốc gia thường dùng với V đại từ số ít: Eg; The United States is anxious to improve its image in Latin America 10 Tổ chức: tên số nhiều tổ chức thường dùng với V đại từ số ít: Eg: Consolidated Fruigrowers has just taken over Universal Foodstores 11 One of + the/ these/ those/ possessive adj + N số nhiều + V số : Eg: one of the students is going to attend the English Speaking Contest 12 S clause, gerund, to + V infinitive : + V số ít: (người ta sd V-ing muốn diễn đạt hành động cụ thể xảy thời, muốn diễn tả chất việc, vât, phải dùng N) Eg: that he fails the exam makes his parents sad Walking is good for health./ Dieting is very popular today ( but: diet is for those who sufer from a cerain disease) To live is to struggle Note: TH to +Vinfinitive đc sd làm S câu V theo sau phải chia số ít, người ta thường sd S giả “it” để mở đầu câu: Eg: to find the book is necessary for him= It is necessary for him to find the book 13 S uncountable N: furniture, water, traffic, progress, knowledge, homework,…: Eg: water needs for life 14 S nhóm từ, câu trích, tựa sách, tên truyện,…: singular V Eg:“War and Peace” is masterpiece by Toilstoi “We shall overcome” becomes international progressive slogan 15 Các cụm từ sau nhơm động vật hay gia súc, cho dù sau giới từ of N số nhiều V chia theo ngơi S chính- ngơi thứ số ít: Flock of birds, sheep school of fish pack of dogs Herd of cattle pride of lions Eg: the flock of birds is circling overhead The herd of cattle is breaking away Page of A school of fish is being attacked by sharks 16 S từ money, time, distance, trọng lượng + định từ, V, đại từ số ít, N số nhiều: Eg: where is that five pounds i lent you? Twenty miles is along way to walk We’ve only got five litres of petrol left That is not enough 17 S N có hình thức số nhiều thực tế N số ít: + Mơn học: mathematics, physics, economics, politics, linguistics, phonetics, atheletics, statistics,… + Bệnh tật: mumps, measles, rickets, shingles… + Địa danh: Wales, the United States, The United Nations, The Phillipines,… + Sports: athletics, gymnastics, bowls + Games: billiards, darts, dominoes, draughts + N khác: News, innings, Billiards… NOTE Một vài N có dạng số số nhiều chúng có nghĩa thứ thuộc vật chất: Eg: Tom laid a domino on the table These statistics are rather complicated (= these figures) Politics kèm với V số nhiều có nghĩa nên lên quan điểm Eg: His politics are very left-wing (= his political opinions) B S ĐI VỚI V SỐ NHIỀU: S gồm nhiều N nhiều người hay nhiều vật đc nối với “and” Eg; Jonh and Joe are roommate in this school- year S N có hình thức số nhiều: N thường xuyên dạng số nhiều chúng bao gồm thực thể, V đại từ chúng phải thứ số nhiều: Trousers eyeglasses tongs – kẹp shorts scissors tweezers- nhíp Jeans pants- quần pliers – kim Pyjamas Glasses binoculars pincers Scales ( forweighing) tights tweezers Eg: The pants are in the drawer The pliers are on the table These scissors are dull Nếu muốn biến chúng thành số dùng a pair of lúc V đại từ với chúng phải ngơi thứ số Eg: This pair of scissors is dull The pair of pliers is on the table A pair of pants is in the drawer S đại từ or cụm từ: several, both, both and, many, few, some, all, a number of, … Eg: several of students were absent yesterday Both are good S N đc thành lập bằng: THE + Adj: the blind, the rich, the poor, … Eg: the poor living here need help Một số N có hình thức số V chia số nhiều: people, police, cattle, public, clergy ( mục sư) gentry ( tiêu đề, đề mục),… Nhóm người: T.A người Anh, từ số như: family, team, government, đến nhóm người, đc sd với V đại từ số hay số nhiều Eg: this team is/are going to lose Nhóm từ số lượng: nhiều nhơm từ số lượng số đc sd với N, đại từ, V số nhiều: Eg: a number of people have tired to find the treasure, but they have all failed A group of us are going to take a boat through the French canals A couple of my friends are going to open a travel agency A lot of social problems are caused by unemployment The majority of criminals are non-violents Some of these people are friends of mine and the rest are people from the office Half of his students don’t understand a word be says C S ĐỨNG TÁCH KHỎI V: Khi S cụm từ: Eg: The first two parts of experience take the most time Đứng xem vào S V prep (1 gới từ mở đầu kết hợp với cac N theo sau) Ngữ giới từ k định đến việc chia V V phải chia theo S chính: S + ngữ giới từ +V Eg: The study of languages is very interesting Several theories on this subject have been proposed The view of these disciplines varies from time to time The danger of forest fires is not to be taken lightly, The effects of that crime are like to be devastating Các thành ngữ bảng với N đằng sau tạo nên tượng đồng S cụm đồng S phải đứng tách biệt khỏi S V dấu phẩy k có ảnh hưởng giừ tới việc chia V Page of S1 + ,Together with, along with with as well as rather than instead of like/ unlike no less than in addition to accompanied a part from +S2 + V Eg: the actress, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party tonight Mr Robbins, accompanied by his wife and children, is arriving tonight Cách sd NONE, NO: + None of the: đc sd tùy theo N đứng đằng sau : None + of the + uncountable noun/ singular N + singular verb Eg : None of the counterfeit money has been found None + of the + plural countable noun + plural verb Eg : None of the students have finished the exam yet + No: đc sd tùy theo N đứng đằng sau : No + uncountable noun/ singular noun + singular verb No+ plural countable noun + plural verb Eg : No example is relevant to this case etheir ….or / neither…… nor: Điều cần lưu ý sd cặp thành ngữ V sau phải chia theo N sau or/ nor Neither + N1 + nor + N2 + V Either or Not only but also Eg: Neither John nor Bill is going to the beach today Either John or Bill is going to the beach today Not only John but also Bill is going to the beach today Majority: N đc dùng tùy theo N đằng sau The majority + singular V The majority of the + plural N + plural V Eg: The majority believes that we are in no danger The majority of the students believes him to be innocent A number of / the number of: A number of + plural N + plural V The number of + plural N + singular V Eg: a number of students are going to the class picnic The number of days in a week is seven PRACTICE Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions Living expenses in this country, as well as in many others, is at an all-time high A Living B as well as C is D all-time The effects of cigarette smoking has been proven to be extremely harmful A The B cigarette smoking C has D extremely It is impossible to believe that somebody actually admire that man A impossible B believe C actually D admire Every Elementary School teacher have to take a training course A Every B Elementary C have to D a John, along with twenty friends, are celebrating a party A along with B friends C are D a party Linguistics bring us to further understanding of cultures, societies and civilizations A bring B further C of D societies English is one of the most popular language in the world A is B most C language D the It is disconcerting to believe that every possible candidate have been rejected for one reason or another A disconcerting B possible C have D one We believe that some of the employees is going to be promoted to the higher position A believe B some of C is going to D to Page of 10 The decision regarding the merger of the two companies were announced to the public yesterday A regarding B companies C were announced D public 11 The interrogation, conducted by the police officers, have lasted for several hours A interrogation B conducted by C officers D have 12 Success in business requiring certain strategies that satisfy both the employer and the employees A requiring B strategies C both D employees 13 Either Pete or John are helping today with stage decorations A Either B are helping C with D decorations 14 The state of Michigan have endowed three institutes to research for industry A The B have endowed C to D for 15 Everyone on the board of directors agree with the planned merger A Everyone B directors C agree D planned 16 The manager and accountant have been on business for a week A The B and C have D on business 17 The number of corrections made during the first stage have influenced the charges significantly A The B corrections C influenced D significantly 18 All of the students in the class taught by Professor Roberts is required to turn in their term papers next Monday A All of B taught by C is required D their 19 None of the boys in this class are good at English A None B boys C are D English 20 Not only the painting method but also the colors has aroused the interest of art critics A Not only B but also C has aroused D art critics 21 The singer and composer are performing tonight A The singer B and C are D tonight 22 Every staff member require to be trained in security procedures to ensure the safety of customer's private information A require B security C safety D customer's private 23 The students hasn’t done their homework yet A The B hasn’t C their D yet 24 The furniture were more expensive than we had thought A furniture B were C expensive D had thought 25 Studying a foreign language often lead students to learn about the culture of the countries where it is spoken A Studying B lead C the culture D where 26 Everybody who have a fever must go home at once A Everybody B have C fever D at once 27 The president felt that no one were better suited for the position of chief staff advisor A The B felt C were D position 28 Our website has a page that answer frequently asked questions by its users A has B that C answer D questions 29 There are a 25% discount on all electrical goods until the end of the week A are B 25% discount C electrical goods D of 30 Being a banker were one of my dreams when I was a child A Being B were C dreams D was Exercise 2: Choose the best word or phrase to complete in the following questions A large number of students in Chu Van An high school English fluently A speaks B is speaking C has spoken D speak Five billion dollars not enough to aid the victims of the earthquake A have been B were C is D are A series of lectures being presented at the Central Hall this week A are B will be C has become D is Beauty as well as health failed her term A has B have C is D are Two years in a strange country like a long time for lonely people A is appearing B has appeared C appears D appeared Peter, with his two buddies, the cherry tree now A has split B have split C is splitting D are splitting Bread and butter what Jane asks for A is B are C will be D have been If anyone , tell them I will call when I come back A was calling B called C call D calls Page of The film "Titanic" very interesting and romantic A is B are C was D were 10 Mathematics my favorite subject A is B are C has been D have been 11 Neither the parents nor the children aware of the danger A were B was C are D has been 12 The Browns in New York since they migrated to America in 2000 A are living B have lived C have been living D has been living 13 Each of the boys in my class the football team A joins B have joined C are joining D join 14 Neither of the restaurants we went to expensive A have been B are C was D were 15 Neither Mary nor her brothers a consent form for tomorrow’s field trip A need B needs C is needing D has needed 16 Here notebook and report that I promised you last week A is the B are the C was the D were the 17 Mr John, accompanied by several members of the committee, proposed some changes of the rules A have B has C are D is 18 Advertisements on YouTube becoming more competitive than ever before A has B have C are D is 19 A number of sheep died of a strange illness A have B has C is D are 20 Half of the letters she sent him in purple ink A wrote B has written C was written D were written 21 Either Laura or her husband breakfast each morning A make B is making C makes D made 22 The army eliminated this section of the training test A has B is having C are D have 23 What he told you to be of no importance A seems B seem C must seem D have seemed 24 Psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have only reason for loneliness A are not the B is not the C are not an D is not an 25 The flock of birds circling overhead A gets B are C is D get 26 The use of credit cards in place of cash increased rapidly in recently years A have been B has been C has D have 27 The fact that the new staff members were complimented on their achievement _ known to the whole company A has B have C was D are 28 If nobody bought that car from the dealer, then you should return and make another offer A have B will have C had D has 29 Massachusetts and Connecticut located in New England A was B were C is D are 30 Everything bright and clean A looking B to look C looks D is looking 31 Much homework given to students every day A are B is C were D was 32 The facilities at the new research library, including an excellent microfilm file, wonderful A are B is C has been D was 33 The police making enquiries about the murder A are B is C was D be 34 To such a hard work so many people A need B needing C to need D needs 35 The methods for studying the world been developed slowly through the work of many people A have B having C has D to have 36 The regulations governing animal research many provisions to safeguard animal welfare A contains B contain C have been contained D is containing 37 Thanks to the recent anti-smoking campaign, the number of smokers in the country A has reduced B reduce C to reduce D having reduced 38 Each of the types of human suited for a specific purpose A tooth are B teeth is C tooth is D teeth are 39 There shops on either side of the street many years ago Page of A were B was C is D are 40 Neither of my parents my boyfriend A like B likes C liked D has liked 41 The teams ends at half-time so that neither side has an unfair advantage A has changed B change C changes D had changed 42 Physics my favorite subject when I was at high school A is B are C was D were 43 The unemployed to live on the unemployment benefits A has B have C had D are 44 Why he was absent from the class yesterday unknown A is B are C have been D were 45 “I’m poor! Nobody me.” “I know a person who you It’s me.” A love/ likes B loves/ like C loves/ likes D love/ like 46 The furniture he has in his bedroom a bed and a table A is B are C has been D have been 47 Learning English to find a better job my aim in the next time A is B are C will be D has been 48 Can I borrow your dictionary for a moment? Mine A have been left B has been left C was left D were left 49 According to the announcement, only 30% of the applicants selected for the next interview A are B is C was D been 50 The development of popular music through the ages by the documentary A was traced B were traced C have been traced D are traced 51 "Romeo and Juliet" a tragedy written by William Shakespeare A are B was C were D is Exercise 3: Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order to make the sentence correct Neither his parents nor his teacher are satisfied with his result when he was at high school A B C D Daisy was the only one of those girls that get the scholarship A B C D Working provide people with personal satisfaction as well as money A B C D Either the doctor or the nurses takes care of changing the patients’ bandages A B C D Every student who majors in English are ready to participate in the oratorical contest A B C D One hundreds eight thousand miles is the speed of light A B C D The guest of honour, along with his wife and children, were sitting at the first table when we had a party yesterday A B C D The audience was enjoying every minute of the performance A B C D All the books on the top shelf belongs to me A B C D 10 Five thousand pounds were stolen from the bank A B C D 11 Happiness and success depends on yourself A B C D 12 The loss of her husband and two of her sons were too much for her A B C D 13 David and his brother was indicted yesterday on charges of grand theft A B C D 14 Current research on AIDS, in spite of the best efforts of hundreds of scientists, leave serious A B C questions unanswered D 15 Everyone have to plan a program that fits into the day’s schedule and that allows for good exercise and A B C D appropriate rest Exercise 4: Circle the best answer The science classes at this difficult Page of 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 a schools are b school is c school are d school's is One of the from Italy a students is b students are c student are d student is to support the case against James? a Is there any proof b Are there any proof c Is there any proofs d Are there any proofs You have to pay extra if you take too with you a much luggages b many luggages c much luggage d many luggage in your lass have tickets for the lecture series? a Do any of the student b Does any of the student c Do any of the students d Does any of the students Bob got fired It's going to be difficult for him to find…… job a other b another c the other d the another There available in his area of specialization a isn’t a lot of job b aren't a lot of jobs c isn't a lot of jobs d aren't a lot of job He made the soup by mixing meat with some rice a little b few c a little d a few Many of the not expect to win a participants in the race b participants in the races does c participants in the race does d participant in the race does The English strong traditions a has many b have much c have many d has much moved to that city recently a A number of Vietnamese have b A number of Vietnamese has c The number of Vietnamese has b The number of Vietnamese have Each of the reference _ available in the school library a books on that list is b books on that list are c book on that list is d book on that list are Several sleeping under a tree a of lions were b lion was c of the lions was d lions were Many of the not used to day They are remnants of the past a railroad tracks around here are b railroad's tracks around here is c railroad tracks around here is d railroad's tracks around here are As we walked through the jungle, the unusually quiet a monkeys were b monkeys was c monkies were d monkies was At the news conference, several reporters didn't get clear answer to _ questions a theirs b their c his and hers d his and her I have a _ sister a seven years olds b seven years old c seven year old d seven year olds There _ in the world today a is any new computer company b is many new computer companies c are many new computer companies d are new many computer companies Self-esteem is important It's important for people to like _ a oneself b yourself c him/herself d themselves What _ you used in picking a winner in the art contest? a is the criteria b are the criteria c are the criterion d are the criterions ... Trousers eyeglasses tongs – kẹp shorts scissors tweezers- nhíp Jeans pants- quần pliers – kim Pyjamas Glasses binoculars pincers Scales ( forweighing) tights tweezers Eg: The pants are in the drawer... chia V V phải chia theo S chính: S + ngữ giới từ +V Eg: The study of languages is very interesting Several theories on this subject have been proposed The view of these disciplines varies from... atheletics, statistics,… + Bệnh tật: mumps, measles, rickets, shingles… + Địa danh: Wales, the United States, The United Nations, The Phillipines,… + Sports: athletics, gymnastics, bowls + Games: billiards,