(Luận văn thạc sĩ) giải pháp thu hút vốn đầu tư nước ngoài nghiên cứu tình huống tỉnh thanh hóa

gac3faateiaA.^.fa i I j J h u W l l ằ ô M f ằ B f ^ 4Jô ã^ằ^T^'^4ằ INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE MBA PROGRAM (leMBA) Chirang trinh cao hoc Quan tri kinh doanh Quoc te LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP GIAI PHAP THU HUT VON D A U TlT NirOC NGOA! NGfflEN CUtJ TINH HUONG TINH THANH HOA HOANG VAN HOANG IEMBA#3 THANG 05, 2007 INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE MBA PROGRAM (leMBA) Chiro'ng trinh cao hoc Quan trj kinh doanh Quoc te B A N LUAN VAN NAY DLTOC N Q P C H O TRLTdNG DAI HOC IRVINE (HOA KY) VA KHOA QUAN TRI KINH DOANH (TRUING DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NQl) BAN LUAN VAN LA M Q T PHAN BAT BUQC TRONG CHUONG TRINH DAO TAO THAC SY QUAN TRI KINH DOANH QUOC TE THANG 05, 2007 Phe duyet cua Chu-ang trinh Cao hoc quan tri Idnh doanh quoc te Chu nhiem chuang trinh Tdi xac nhan rang ban kbda luan da dap ung dugc cac yeu cau mot kbda luan tdt nghiep thudc chuang trinh dao tao Thac sy Quan tri kinh doanh Chu tich Hdi ddng TS Chu Thanh Chung tdi, ky ten dudi day xac nhan rang chung tdi da dgc toan bo kbda luan va cdng nhan ban kbda luan hoan toan dap ung cac tieu chuan cua mot kbda luan Thac sy quan trj kinh doanh Giao vien hudng dan NCS Dang Ngoc Sir Cac vien Hdi ddng PGS.TS VUCONGTY TS.TA NGOC CAU NCS D A N G NGOC SLT TS VUXUANQUANG MUC LUC PHAN M D A U Ly chgnde tai Muc dich nghien cuu Ddi tugng va pham vi nghien cuu Phuang phap nghien cuu Nhung ddng gdp cua de tai CHU^ONG 1: D A U TU' VA THU HUT DAU TU' Dau tu nude ngoai va thu hut von dau tu nuac ngoai 7.1 Dau tu nuac ngoai 7.2 Cdc hinh thuc FBI chu yen 7.3 Thu hut vdn dau tu nuac ngoai 7.4 Cdc ly thuyet kinh te ve thu hut vdn dau tu Giai phap vachinh sach thu hut dau tu 2.1 Gidi phap thu hut ddu tu 2.2 Chinh sach thu hut ddu tu 2.3 Xdy dung chien luac thu hut ddu tu 12 2.4 Kinh nghiem thu hut ddu tu vd chinh sdch thu hut ddu tu 14 CHlTONG 2: THU^C TRANG THU HUT DAU TU' VA CHIEN LU'OC Tdng quan tinh hinh kinh te - xa hdi tinh Thanh boa 22 Thuc tranh thu hiit vdn ddu tu nuac ngoai tai tinh Thanh hda 24 Xay dung giai phap va chien luge - chinh sach thu hut dau tu 26 3.1 Md hinh xdy dung gidi phap chien luac 26 i Phan tich gidi phap chien luge 31 CHU'DNG 3: MOT SO KIEN NGHI GOP PHAN THlTC HIEN GIAI PHAP Chu truang, chinh sach thu hut vdn dau tu 43 Muc tieu hut vdn dau tu 44 Mot so kien nghi 55 3.1 Ve cdng tdc quy hoach 55 3.2 Gidi phap ve ca che chinh sdch vi md 65 3.3 Ma rpng vd phdt trien thi truang vdn 66 3.4 Xuc tien ddu tu 68 3.5 Cdc gidi phap truyen thong khdc 69 3.6 Ma rpng vd phdt trien thi truang vdn; tieu thu sdn phdm; khoa hoc vd cdng nghe 69 PHAN KET LUAN 71 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 72 DANK MUC BANG BIEU Bang 1.1 Ma tran M.Poter 13 Bang 2.1 Ma tran SWOT 27 Bang 2.2 Cac nhdm dat 34 Bang 2.3 Ngudn nude ngam 36 Bang 2.4 Tdng hop cac loai khoang san 37 Bang 3.1 Mot so chi tieu 46 Bang 3.2 Ca cau lao ddng theo nganh 48 Bang 3.3 Ket qua thuc hien muc tieu kinh te 48 Bang 3.4 Danh muc cac du an uu tien keu ggi dau tu 49 Bang 3.5 Tinh hinh xuat, nhap khau 59 Bang 3.6 Cac de anphat trien du lich 62 LOIMODAU Ly ebon de tai Trong nhung nam gan day, thu hut dau tu nude ngoai (DTNN) vao Viet Nam tang dang ke Chinh phu da ban hanh nhieu chu truang, chinh sach nhu Nghi dinh 09/2001/ND-CP cua Chinh phu ve "Tang cudng thu hut va nang cao hieu qua su dung vdn DTNN thai ky 2001 2005"; Chi thi sd 19/2001/CT-TTg 28/8/2001 va Chi thi sd 31/2005/CT-TTg 8/5/2005 cua Thu tudng Chinh phu ve mot sd giai phap nham chuyen bien mod thu hut vdn DTNN tai Viet Nam Do do, giai doan 2001-2006 ngudn vdn DTNN dat ban 30 ty USD Tu cd chinh sach ddi mai ca che quan ly kinh te va thu hut vdn DTNN thi theo bao cao cua Cue Dau tu - Bg Ke hoach va Dau tu tiJ nam 1988 dhn thang 10/2006 ca nude cd tren 6761 du an DTNN hieu luc doi vdd sd vdn tren 57,3 ty USD, dd ITnh vuc cdng nghiep chiem gan 67,5%, ITnh vuc dich vu va ndng, ngu nghiep chiem han 32,5%o Hoat ddng san xuat kinh doanh cua khu vuc cd vdn DTNN ddng gdp dang ke vao sir tang trudng va phat trien cua dat nude Nam 2005 doanh thu cua khu vuc dat tren 21 ty USD (tang 16,7%) so vai nam 2004), ITnh vuc cdng nghiep tang 21%) Trong dd muc tang trudng chung cua ca nude la 16,5%) Nop thue 1,29 ty USD (khdng tinh thue xuat nhap khau va dau thd), tang 39,5% so vai nam 2004 va chiem 12%) tdng thu ngan sach nha nude Tinh rieng nam 2005, khu vuc cd vdn DTNN thu hut tren 14 ngan lao ddng, dua tdng sd lao ddng d khu vuc cd vdn DTNN len tren trieu ngudi Ty le ddng gdp vao GDP cua khu vuc cd vdn DTNN tang len dang kh tu 3,6% nam 1993 len dhn 14,3% nam 2003 Cung vdi viec tang sd lugng thu hut vdn DTNN, chung ta da quan tarn ban den viec nang cao chat lugng thu hut va su dung cd hieu qua ngudn vdn dhn tu, phuc vu dac lire ban qua trinh hinh cac khu cdng nghiep, khu che xuat, khu kinh te, cac nganh kinh te ky thuat cd cdng nghe cao, khu trung tam thuang mai, khu mau dich phi thue quan Muc dich nghien cmi Tdng ket qua trinh thu but DTNN vao Viet Nam va tinh Thanh Hoa nham rut nhiing kinh nghiem, nhijng bai hoc, tim nhijiig thai ca, thuan Igi, danh gia day du nbixng thach thuc, khd khan cho giai phap tiep tuc thuc day thu hut ngudn vdn DTNN tai Viet Nam, cd Thanh Hoa Doi tirong va pham vi nghien cihi Nghien cuu tinh hinh va ket qua thu hut ngudn vdn dau tu true tiep nude ngoai tai Viet Nam ke tu cd Luat dau tu nude ngoai Pham vi nghien cuu: Tinh Thanh Hoa, giai phap va nhung tinh hudng thu hut vdn DTNN Phuong phap nghien cihi Dung phuang phap phan tich, tdng hgp, so sanh nham lam ro nhung van de ly luan va thuc tien ve thu hut true tiep vdn DTNN vao Viet Nam va thu hut vdn DTNN vao tinh Thanh boa Nhumg dong gop cua de tai Gdp phan lam ro thuc trang thu hut vdn DTNN tai Thanh boa; de xuat cac giai phap de thuc day manh ban nira chu truang va nhiem vu thu hut ngudn vdn dau tu true tiep nuac ngoai tai Thanh boa Luan van cung cap nhimg kinh nghiem ve thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai cua mot sd quoc gia khu vuc va cac dia phuang nude, nham cung cap nhung thdng tin cho cdng tac hoach dinh chu truang, chinh sach, giai phap dieu hanh vT md cua chinh quyen dia phuang nham thu hut vdn dau tu true tiep nude ngoai cang tang va ddng gdp cang Idn cho muc tieu phat trien kinh te - xa hdi cua tinh Thanh boa CHU^ONG DAU T\f VA THU HUT VON DAU TU^ Dau tu nuo'c ngoai va thu hut von dau tu* nude ngoai 1.1 Dau tu nuo^c ngoai Dau tu true tiep nuac ngoai (FDI) la mot hinh thuc dau tu qudc te, d dd cd sir thdng nhat giiia quyen sd hiju vdn va quyen su dung vdn, tuc la ngudi cd vdn ddng thai ciing la ngudi su dung vdn true tiep tham gia vao qua trinh to chuc, quan ly va dieu hanh kinh doanh du an va tu chiu trach nhiem ve ket qua boat ddng cua du an dau tu Dac diem cua FDI dugc tdm tat nhu sau: Cac nha dau tu nude ngoai (DTNN) phai gdp mot khoan vdn, hoac mua lai ty le cd phan nhat dinh d mot cdng ty nuac sd tai, tu minh, hoac cung vdi ddi tac nude sd tai true tiep dieu hanh du an Trach nhiem cua cac ben phu thudc vao ty le gdp vdn phap dinh de thuc hien du an FDI Nha dau tu nude ngoai dua vdn, thiet bj, cdng nghe, kinh nghiem, kien thuc kinh doanh nham tao nang luc kinh doanh mdi va khdng ngung md rgng thi truang cho ca nha dau tu va nude tiep nhan dau tu Thdng thudng, chu the cua FDI phan da la cac cdng ty xuyen qudc gia (TNCs) va cdng ty da qudc gia (MNCs), FDI tdn tai dudi bai phuang thuc dau tu la dau tu mai, mua lai hoac sap nhap 1.2 Cac hinh thuc FDI chu yeu Chieu theo Luat dau tu nude ngoai tai Viet Nam, thi hgp ddng kinh doanh (BBC) la van ban ky ket giija bai ben hoac nhieu ben de tien hanh boat ddng dau tu ma khdng hinh phap nhan mdi (xem Dieu 25, tr 10, Luat Dau tu nude ngoai) Hai hinh thuc chu yhu cua BBC la hgp ddng phan chia san pham va hgp ddng phan chia Igi nhuan Doanh nghiep lien doanh (DNLD) theo Luat dau tu nuac ngoai tai Viet Nam la doanh nghiep ben hoac nhieu ben ky ket lap tai Viet Nam nghiep mia dudng v.v.v Ddy manh viec xac lap quy hoach phat triln san xudt cdng nghiep va phat triln nganh nghi ndng thdn Kit hgp phat triln cdc khu kinh tl (Nghi San), cac khu cdng nghiep phd Thanh Hod, Bim Son, Thach Thanh, Lam Son (Thg Xudn), v.v.v vdi khdi phuc va phat triln cac lang nghi truyen thdng, cac nghi thu cdng, my nghe Chuyen ddi tir khai thac, chi biln nguyen lieu thd, san phdm thd la chinh cac nganh chi bien va cac san phdm hoan thien, cd chdt lugng tdt, mau ma hang boa dep, cd thuang hieu va dem lai gia tri va Igi nhuan cao Bang 3-5: Tinh hinh xuat khiu, nhap khiu giai doan 2001 - 2010 Chi tieu Tdng gia tri xudt khdu (Trieu USD) Gia tri xudt khdu binh qudn dau ngudi (USD/ngudi) Kim ngach nhap khau (Trieu USD) Nam 2001 Nam 2005 Nam 2010 43,0 16,0 300,0 11,9 42,1 74,1 40,0 100,0 170,0 Ngudn: Quy hoach tdng thi KT - XH tinh Thanh Hod, thdi ky 2001 - 2010 - Phat triln quy hoach va xay dung dat trinh tien tien Thuc hien viec thue tu vdn va chuyen gia nude ngoai lap quy hoach chung va quy hoach chi tilt phd Thanh Hod, khu kinh tl Nghi Son va cac khu dd thi cdng nghiep khac Tren dia ban tinh, nhdm ndng cao chdt lugng va tinh thuc tien, hieu qua cac san phdm quy hoach, quy hoach xdy dung phai dap ung yeu cdu phat triln ben vung, han chi din muc thdp nhdt sir bdt cap cua cdng tac quy hoach qua trinh trien khai va thuc hien quy hoach Ndng cao khd nang va trinh ciia cac td chuc tu van vl quy hoach va thilt kl xdy dung, 59 thuc hien nghiem tiic Luat Ddu thdu Xdy dung va Luat Xay dung, ndng cao trinh td chuc ddu thdu va ddu thdu canh tranh ITnh vuc quy hoach va xay dung De cao trach nhiem quan ly va thuc hien quy hoach cua chinh quyIn cdp tinh, phd, thi xa va cac huyen, cdng khai cdng tac quy hoach va xdy dung cdng trinh dl nhan dan tham gia quan ly va thuc hien Huy ddng tdt mgi ngudn lire dl ddu tu phat triln tang, khuyin khich khu vuc tu nhdn, khu vuc cd vdn DTNN va khu vuc ddu tu nha nude, dh phat triln manh kit cdu tdng ky thuat va cac khu thi hien dai, tao thi trudng bdt ddng san va thiic day hoat ddng kinh doanh bdt ddng san phat triln, cd siic thu hiit Idn va thiic ddy nIn kinh tl - xa hoi phat trien Nhip tang truang gia tri gia tang cdng nghiep - xay dung giai doan 2006 - 2010 tir 16,3 17,2% va ddng gdp 40,6%o GDP ciia tinh vao 2010 - Ket cau tang va ky thuat Md rdng va ndng cap he thdng giao thdng dudng bd, dudng sdt va dudng thuy, lap quy hoach sdn bay ddn dung Thanh Hoa, hoan thien he thdng cang bien nude sau Nghi Son, nang cap Cang Le Mdn, xdy dung cang Len; phat trien buu chinh, vien thdng va dien lire, phat trien cdng nghe tin hgc va cdng nghe ky thuat sd Dot pha ITnh vuc dich vu tai chinh, thuang mai, khoa hgc - ky thuat, nang cao chat lugng phuang tien giao thdng va he thdng bin, bai, kho van, xay dung quang trudng ga dudng sat Thanh Hod Xdy dung va hoan thien tuyIn dudng tranh qudc Id lA qua phd Thanh Hod, tuyIn qudc Id sd 10 doan Kim San - Ninh Binh, Thanh Hoa, tuyIn cao tdc Thanh Hoa di tbj xa du lich Sdm San, tuyIn dudng nhanh khu kinh tl Nghi Son ndi dudng Hd Chi Minh, cac tuyIn dudng bien gidi ndi Bdc Lao - Son La - Nghi Son Thanh Hoa.v.v.v Cham lo he thong cdp nude sinh boat cho cu ddn dd thi va ndng thdn, gan he thdng thoat va tieu nude vdi xu ly rac thai va bao ve mdi trudng 60 - Cac nganh du lich va dich vu Phat triln manh thi trudng, ciing cd thi trudng nude va vuon tdi thi trudng nude ngoai Chuyin ddi hinh thuc quan ly he thdng chg va quy hoach phat triln cac sieu thi gdn phat triln cac kenh phdn phdi va tieu thu san phdm Chii trgng phat trien thuang mai dien tir, nang cao nang luc van tai hang boa va hang khach, cac dich vu cdng cdng nham tao sir phat trien vdi tdc cao nganh kinh te dich vu Dua boat ddng du lich vao quy dao va dua du lich Thanh Hod trgng diem du lich qudc gia, giai doan 2006 -2010, dau tu cho ITnh vuc du lich tir 10 -15.000 ty ddng de phat triln tdng du lich dap ung nhu cdu ddn 2,7 trieu lugt khach du lich vao Thanh Hod nam 2010, dua ty trgng nganh du lich tir 3,64%) GDP nam 2005 len tren 6% GDP toan tinh vao nam 2010, doanh thu dat 207 trieu USD, doanh thu ngoai te dat 18 trieu USD Giai doan 2015, ddn 3,32 trieu lugt khach du lich, dd 120.000 lugt khacg qudc tl, doanh thu dat 315,5 trieu USD, doanh thu ngoai te dat 31,3 trieu USD (Xem bang cac dc an phat triln du lich trang ben) 61 .X Bang 3-6: Cac de an phat trien du lich Don vi tinh: Ty dong s6 TT Tong Ten cac du an (D.A) Du an tdn tao di tich va danh thang Du an ddu tu ca sd tdng Du dn ddu tu kinh doanh du lich Dao tao nhdn lire, giao due cdng ddng Qudng ba du lich Tdng cdng: von dau Giai doan dau tir Nguon von dau tu 2007- 2010- tu 2010 2015 370,884 370,884 340,884 1636,784 1636,784 238,500 894,284 TW Dia Doanh phuang nghiep 742,500 2131,00 2131,000 2131,000 9,648 5,058 4,590 42,500 29,100 13,400 4190816 3934326 256490 Chia ra: (%o) 6,000 3,648 10,000 15,000 17,5000 1275168 763500 2152148 30,4 18,2 51,4 Ngudn: D I an phat triln du lich Thanh Hod, trd trgng diem du lich qudc gia (7/2005) Din nam 2010, nganh kinh tl dich vu dat gia tri gia tang GDP hang nam tir 11,9 - 13,1%) va ty trgng ca cdu GDP toan tinh Id 36,4%) * Dinh hudng quy hoach phat trien vung tinh Thanh Hoa - Viing mien nui Cd 11 huyen, dien tich tu nhien 7981,41 km^ chilm 71,86% tdng dien tich tu nhien cua ca tinh Dan sd 904.776 ngudi, chilm 25,7% dan sd toan tinh, mat ddn sd 113 ngudi/lkm^ 62 day la vimg cd uu the ve phat triln ldm nghiep, chan nudi dai gia siic, phat triln cdy cdng nghiep dai va cd cdy cdng nghiep ngdn Do ddt rdng, ngudi thua, trinh ddn tri thdp, giao thdng di lai khd khan nen hudng phat triln cdn quan tdm la ddy nhanh viec lap quy hoach dd thi miln Tdy theo Quylt dinh 253/2005/QD-TTg 12/10/2005 cua Thii tudng Chinh phu vl phat triln kinh tl - xa hdi va dam bao an ninh qudc phdng miln Tay tinh Thanh Hoa, thoat khdi tinh trang kem phat triln; ndng cao ddi sdng vat chdt va tinh thdn cua ddng bao cac ddn tdc, dac biet la ddng bao viing sdu, vimg xa, viing bien gidi; ddy liii cac te nan xa hdi; bao ve tdt qudc phdng, an ninh bien gidi va ddm bao nudi trdng ben vung Muc tieu chu yeu: - Nhip phat trien kiem tra hang nam 15%o dd ndng - ldm - thuy san 9,0%o; cdng nghiep - xdy dung 26,3%; dich vu tang 15,1%) - Ca cdu kinh te GDP: ndng nghiep 31,1%; cdng nghiep 31,5%); dich vu 30,8% - Thu nhap binh qudn ddu ngudi 9,3 trieu ddng - Luong thuc binh qudn ddu ngudi 348 kg (ca tinh 420 kg) - Gia tri xudt khdu 50 trieu USD - Ty le hd ngheo: 25% - Ty le phu sdng truyin hinh dat 95%, phat sdng 100% ddn sd - Ty le lao ddng dugc dao tao 25%) (ca tinh 38%) - 100%o xa cd dudng d td vao trung tam, 90%o dudng giao thdng di lai dugc quanh nam - 100%o sd xa cd dien ludi, 90% so hd dugc dimg dien - 100%) sd xa cd dien thoai, dat 5,6 may dien thoai/100 dan - 80% ddn sd dugc dung nude sinh boat Nhu vay, din 2010, tdng gid tri san xudt toan viing 11910 ty ddng (gia cd dinh nam 1994) 63 - Viing dong bang Co 10 don vi hanh chinh cdp huyen, dd cd phd Thanh Hod va thi xa Bim San Cd tdng dien tich 1905,18km^, chilm 17,10% tdng dien tich tu nhien toan tinh Ddn sd 1,558 trieu ngudi, chiem 44,28%i ddn sd toan tinh, mat 815 ngudi/km^ Day la viing kinh tl trgng dilm ciia tinh Thanh Hod, cd dilu kien thuan Igi nhdt cho phat triln cdng nghiep, dich vu va ndng nghiep Ngudn nhdn luc ddi dao, trinh dan tri cao, giao thdng thuan Igi, tdng kinh te - xa hdi tdt Trong tuong lai gdn, phd Thanh Hoa phan ddu trd dd thi loai I vao nam 2015, va ddy la ca sd quan trgng de xdy dung trung tdm kinh te, chinh tri, van boa va khoa hgc - ky thuat cua ca tinh va la vimg kinh te ddng lire, trgng yeu ciia tinh Thanh Hod, nd cd the dem lai den 65 - 70%o GDP toan tinh - Vung ven bien Cd don vi hanh chinh cdp huyen, dd bao gdm ca thi xa du lich Sdm Son Dien tich L219,5km^, chilm 10,98% tdng dien tich toan tinh Dan sd 1,056 trieu ngudi, chilm 30,1% dan sd toan tinh, mat sd 866 ngudi/km^ Day la viing cd tilm nang biln, du lich va ndng nghiep, he thdng giao thdng phat triln, giao luu thuan Igi, ddn tri cao, ngudn nhdn lire ddi dao Cung nhu vimg ddng bdng, viing ven biln Thanh Hoa dang phat triln manh me cdng nghiep, dich vu va ndng nghiep - thuy san NIU ddy nhanh tdc thu hiit dau tu vao phat triln khu kinh tl Nghi Son, thi xa Sdm Son, khu du lich Hai Tiln (Hodng Hod), Hai Hoa (TTnh Gia) va cac dilm du lich toan viing thi viing biln Thanh hoa cung se trd khu kinh tl phat triln va la ddng luc thu hai cua nen kinh tl tinh Thanh boa 64 32 Giai phap veca die chMi sach Vi mo va cdng tac di^hMi giiia quy hoadiva ke hoach Ddy la vdn dl Idn, rdt trgng tdm va cd y nghTa quylt dinh din tdc tang trudng kinh tl, tiln bo xa hdi va give mot vai trd dam bao cho sir phat triln toan dien, bin vung Yeu cau chung la: Phdi ddi mdi mot each manh me vl tu kinh tl, nhung hoach dinh vl chu truang, chinh sach, dudng hudng tilp can dl ddn ddt nIn kinh te phii hgp vdi chiln luge phat trien kinh te cua cd nude va chu ddng hdi nhap nen kinh tl theo xu hudng toan cdu boa Viec Viet Nam tham gia dien dan kinh te chdu A - Thai Binh Duong (APEC), vien WTO, binh thudng boa quan he thuang mai vTnh viln Viet Nam - Hoa Ky (PNTR), tdt ca nhijng kha nang dd se tao sue canh tranh cho hang hod Viet Nam vao thi trudng the gidi va tham gia sir phdn cdng lao ddng ciia qudc te Tdc ddng cua "Tu hod thuang mai" Id ndi dung ca ban cua viec hdi nhap kinh te toan cdu Tu hod thuang mgi khdng chi tao dieu kien phdt trien kinh te ddi ngoai, xdy dung I nin kinh ti hudng xudt khdu, nhdm phdt huy tdi da lai the so sdnh, ddng thai nd cung md mot triin vong thu hut vdn ddu tu true tiip nuac ngoai, thu hut cdng nghe tien tiin hdng viec tham gia vdo cdc td chuc tu ddu tu khu vuc Bdng viec hdi nhap vdo qud trinh tu hod thuang mai, theo thong ke, gid tri hdng hod vd dich vu trao ddi tren thi trudng qudc ti da tdng tic 11% tdng sdn phdm cua cd the giai nam 1971 len 27% Nam 1993, tdng 16,2% Idn, tu 400 ty USD len 6.700 ty USD vdo nam 1994 Tdc tdng trudng cua hdng hod vd dich vu nhanh han tdc tdng GDP cua thi gidi ludn gdp han Idn hdng thdp nien qua vd thuang mai dich vu tdng nhanh han thuang mai hdng hod Chung ta cd thi phdi doi mat vai cdc vdn diphdt sinh nhu: Cdc vdn di xd hdi, thdm hut cdn cdn thuang mgi (nhap sieu), cdn cdn vdng lai, cdc sdn phdm chiu su cgnh tranh khdc liet, tinh trgng thdt nghiep gia tdng 65 Tdt ca cac ylu td tren dat yeu cdu phai nhanh chdng dilu chinh lai ca cdu kinh tl, chinh sach vT md, kinh tl doi ngoai Nha nude cdn cd bien phap ddng bd han, hieu qua ban tao ddng lire kinh tl manh me dl cac phdn kinh tl, cdc nha ddu tu va ngoai nude manh dan ddu tu kinh doanh lam giau, tdn trgng, bao ve quyIn sd hiiu, hudng tdi lgi ich va lgi nhuan tdi da Khuyen khich ngudi tai, dl cao doanh nhan, danh sy Hinh ddi ngii can bd, lanh dao, cdng chuc chuyen mdn, khoa hoc ky thuat, dam bao van hanh thdng sudt, cd ket qua, hieu qua, cac chii truong, chinh sach Idn, cac quy hoach va kl hoach mang tinh chiln luge, cac phuong an va de an kinh tl da dugc xac dinh, nit ngdn khoang each ndi va lam, dam nghT, dam lam, dam chiu trach nhiem Tdn trgng quy luat kinh te thi trudng, dan chu, khach quan va ham mudn ve su phat trien, tien bd cua ca tinh Thanh Hod Khuyen khich su sang tao, thdn thien, qua cam, dai ngd hien tai, trgng dung ke sT, phai thay doi each nhin nhdn can bd, cdng chuc, ngudi lao ddng, nham giai phdng tu tudng va hanh ddng, tao mdi trudng cdng hien va hudng thu cho moi ngudi, tao dieu kien cho moi ngudi thuc hien nhu cdu hgc tap va xdy dung xa hdi hoc tap 3.3 Khac phuc tinh trang yen kem ciia ket cau tang, xay dung khu cong nghiep, khu kinh te, khu che xuat Tap trung mgi ngudn lire dl xdy dung kit cdu tdng nhu giao thdng, cdp nude, dien d cac khu cdng nghiep, khu kinh tl, khu chi xuat, dac biet la cac khu cdng nghiep, khu kinh tl da dugc quy hoach, nhdm hoan thien dl cd thi dap ung cdc du an cua cac nha DTNN Trach nhiem xdy dung va xiic tiln ddu tu la ban kinh tl, cac ban quan ly khu cdng nghiep, nhung trach nhiem bo tri ngudn luc la tinh va Chinh phii 66 Phat triln da dang loai hinh khu cdng nghiep va phdn chia chuc nang khu cdng nghiep dl hudng vao loai hinh cdng nghiep khac nhau, cd thi dp dung hai md hinh cdng nghiep nhu sau: - Md hinh khu cdng nghiep chuyen nganh Chi cho phep xdy dung loai hinh cdng nghiep, xir ly toan bd chdt thai se Tram xir ly chdt thai chung cua khu cdng nghiep giai quylt, giiip cho cac nha ddu tu giam chi phi ddu tu va de thuc hien cac chuang trinh san xudt sach - Md hinh khu cdng nghiep sinh thai Cac nganh cdng nghiep dugc lira chgn cho nha may cd the tan dung phi lieu cua nha may lam nguyen lieu san xudt cho minh Vdi md hinh lugng chat thai giam thieu, mdi trudng dugc bao ve - Phai xac dinh ro muc tieu cua khu cdng nghiep de cd the hoach dinh chien luge phat triln, chinh sach, bien phap va cd budc di hgp ly - Xac dinh diing thdi gian, dia diem va quy md xay dung khu cdng nghiep de cd the dat hieu qua cao nhdt ddu tu xdy dung, van hanh, khai thac, tao tdm ly thu hiit cac nha ddu tu - Lira chgn diing cac loai hinh cdng nghiep, loai hinh san phdm de san phdm khu cdng nghiep phdi cd thi trudng tieu thu nude, ddng thdi xdm nhap dugc thi trudng nude ngoai tren ca sd tan dung nhilu nhdt lgi thi tai nguyen cua nude chu nha - Xdy dung kit cdu tdng vd he thdng djch vu (Tai chinh, bao hilm, van tai, thdng tin, hai quan, cu tni, xudt nhap canh ), dam bao an ninh - Xdy dung ddng bd he thdng chinh sach; khuylch truang cac khu cdng nghiep, lua ebon nhd ddu tu; cdi each hanh chinh, hgat ddng hanh chinh khu cdng nghiep 67 Ddi vdi khu cdng nghe cao, cdng nghe nIn, dl tao dilu kien xdy dung va phat triln cdng khu cdng nghe cao, cdng nghe nIn cdn cd cac dilu kien cdn thilt nhu: ebon vi tri dja ly thuan Igi, cd ca sd tang ddng bd, cd chinh sach khuyin khich tbda dang, dac biet la uu dai ve thue v l huy ddng ngudn vdn ddu tu tdng cdc khu cdng nghiep, da dang hda hinh tbire kinh doanh cdng ty tdng de huy ddng tdi da cdc ngudn luc ddu tu, da dang hda hinh thirc sd hiiu tao sir linh hoat va ndng ddng boat ddng ddu tu va kinh doanh tdng khu cdng nghiep, khu kinh te, khu che xudt 3.4 Ve xiic tien dau tu De phat huy dugc cdc Igi the ve tiem nang cac tai nguyen thien nhien va nhan van, va the manh cua mot tinh Idn nham quang ba va tan dung ca hdi tdi cac nha ddu tu, cac xu hudng ddu tu; vd giai phap tap trung vao cac ndi dung sau: - Chudn bi tot va sdm cdng bd danh muc cac du an keu ggi DTNN giai doang 2007-2010, va din 2020 Chudn bi tot cac tai lieu xiic tiln ddu tu dl tiln hanh cdng tac xiic tien ddu tu mot each manh me, lien tuc - Tang cudng cac loai hinh van ddng, xiic tiln ddu tu cua tinh tai qudc gia cd ddng vdn dau tu Idn, cdc tap daon kinh tl manh, trudc hit la My, Nhdt Ban, Han Qudc, Trung Qudc, Singarpo, Dai Bac - Ddy manh cdng tac tuyen truyin, quang ba, keu ggi ddu tu, dua dugc thdng tin day du vl lgi thi, tilm nang, ca hdi ddu tu tai Thanh Hda din cac td chuc ngoai giao, cac nha tai trg, cac Tham tan thuang mai, cac nha ddu tu Idn, chien luge - Thanh lap trung tdm xiic tiln ddu tu tinh va cac ban chi dao xiic tiln ddu tu cap huyen, tbj xa, phd Ddy manh viec quang ba hinh anh Thanh Hda, ca hdi ddu tu bdng phuang 68 phap ddy manh Marketing dia phuang, bao gdm xac djnh nhu cdu cua cac nha ddu tu, phdn tich mdi trudng ddu tu, phdn tich canh tranh, phdn doan tbj trudng, va lira chgn doan thi trudng ddu tu thich hgp, dinh vi viing lanh thd mdi goi dau tu - Thuc hien tdt va cd hieu qua cdng tac ho trg ddu tu, tao su hdp dan cac nha DTNN thdng qua cac boat ddng xiic tiln ddu tu, dac biet la cac nha DTNN da ddu tu va lam an dat tai dia ban Thanh hda 3.5 Cac giai phap truyen thong khac Chu ddng va tich cue dao tao ngudn nhdn luc cho cac khu cdng nghiep, khu kinh tl, khu chi xudt; ddu tu tdng ngoai hang rao, chinh sach din bu, tai dinh cu, cac giai phap ho trg vdn, cai each hanh chinh, thiic ddy cac ITnh vuc dich vu phat triln dap ung boat ddng cac nha DTNN 3.6 Md rong va phat trien thi trudng von; tieu thu san pham; khoa hoc va cong nghe Tao dung cho dugc thi trudng vdn thuc su nang ddng, thdng thoang, khuyen khich mgi phdn kinh tl dua von vao sdn xudt kinh doanh; phat huy vai trd cac ca quan ke hoach, tai chinh, he thdng tin dung viec hinh va phat trien thi trudng tai chinh dap ung cac nhu cdu ddu tu va thu hiit cac ngudn vdn ddu tu chinh thuc ODA va ddu tu true tilp nude ngoai FDI D I cao vai trd dau tu cua khu vuc tu nhdn va cac nha ddu tu nude ngoai Phat triln he thdng sieu thi va cac kenh phdn phdi d dd thi, khu ddn cu tap trung, phat trien he thdng chg ddu mdi va chg ndng thdn, hinh he thdng thuang mai dien tir, xdy dung thuang hieu hang boa va cac san phdm dich vu ndng cao sdc mua va kich thich tieu diing bdng each nang cao chat lugng hang boa va sdn phdm dich vu, cai thien dieu kien lao ddng va nang cao thu nhap cu ddn Ho trg cac doanh nghiep xdm nhap tbj trudng nude ngoai, lien 69 doanh lien kit kinh doanh thuang mai nhdm tang doanh thu ngoai te va tang tich luy nIn kinh te Khoa hgc, cdng nghe la nIn tang va ddng lire cho cdng nghiep boa hien dai boa, vi vay: Timg budc chuyen nIn kinh tl tang trudng tir chilu rdng sang chilu sdu, tren ca sd phat triln manh me khoa hgc va cdng nghe, quan tdm mot each toan dien cdc khoa hgc td chuc quan ly, khoa hgc ca ban, ddu tu thoa dang cac ngudn lire tai chinh, nhdn lire dl phat triln khoa hgc ung dung Ddy manh viec chuyin giao cdng nghe tien tiln vao quan ly va van hanh nen kinh te, lam chu khoa hgc va cdng nghe san xudt - kinh doanh - thuang mai Vai trd cua chinh sach tai chinh, giai phap von, tbj trudng, khoa hgc - cdng nghe, mdi trudng, giai doan hien va nhijng nam sap tdi ddi vdi giai phap chiln luge vl thu hiit ddu tu ciia Thanh boa la bet sue Idn va khd Viec xac dinh ro vi tri va tdm quan trgng cua nd qiia trinh phat trien phai dugc cac cdp lanh dao, cac doanh nhdn, dai da sd cu dan dia phuang chia se, cd giai phap ddng bd va biet van dung vao hoan canh thuc te de bien cai khdng thi cai cd the va bien cai it cai nhieu, tap trung tu ban la giai phap uu tien va dudng mang lai sir phat trien va tang trudng 70 KET LUAN • Sau ban hai muai nam ddi mdi, va 15 nam thu hiit vdn DTNN, mac dii Thanh hod la tinh di sdm ITnh vuc lai cd nhilu tilm nang, Igi thi vl ddt dai, tai nguyen thien nhien va nhan van, ve lao ddng va ngudi, vl vi tri dia ly va lanh thd dl thu hiit vdn ddu tu true tilp nude ngoai FDI, nhien kit qua thu dugc cdn qua thdp, dilu ndi len viec Thanh Hod chua biet tan dung ca hdi va chua that no luc dl thu hiit nhilu han, hieu qua ban ngudn vdn DTNN de ddu tu phat trien De phat huy vai trd quan trgng cua khu vuc kinh te cd vdn ddu tu true tiep nude ngoai thi viec phdn tich cac yeu td ben ngoai, yeu td ben de xac dinh ca hdi va diem manh cua Thanh hod de tir dd de giai phap thu hiit vdn ddu tu cho tinh la ndi dung chinh cua ban luan van Hy vgng thdi gian tdi, Thanh Hoa se nd luc vuon len trd mot nhiing dia phuong ciia ca nude cd chien luge thu hiit ddu tu cdng va la ca hdi tdt de tilm ndng, Igi thi ciia tinh Thanh hod trd hang boa va ciia cai vat chdt gdp phdn lam tang doanh thu ngoai te, lam giau cho Thanh Hod, cho ca nude Mot Idn nixa, tdi xin chan cam on Giao vien va cdc ddng nghiep da tan tinh hudng dan, giiip da va cung cdp cac thdng tin cdn thilt dl tdi cd thi hoan ban Luan van 71 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Giao trinh Kinh tl hgc phat triln 2000 Ha Ndi: NXB Chinh tri Qudc gia Vien nghien cuu qudn ly kinh tl Trung uong 2004 Ha Ndi: Kinh tl Viet Nam 2003 Vien nghien cuu quan ly kinh tl Trung uang 2003 Ha Ndi: Nha xudt ban Giao thdng Chinh sach phat triln kinh tl - Kinh nghiem va bai hgc ciia Trung Qudc (Tap va tap 2) Bd K I hoach va Ddu tu Bao cao ddu tu true tilp nude ngoai nam 2006 va triln vong nam 2007 Ban tin Kinh tl Ban Kinh tl Tinh uy Thanh boa Sd 30 (3.2007) Co quan hgp tac qudc tl Nhdt Ban (JICA) va Dai hgc kinh tl qudc ddn (NEU), chinh sach cdng nghiep va thuang mai Viet Nam boi canh hdi nhap Ha Ndi: NXB Thong ke Ca quan hgp tac qudc te Nhdt Ban (JICA) va Bd Ke hoach va Ddu tu, bao cao nghien cuu ve chien luge xiic tien DTNN tai Viet Nam (2003) Cdng nghiep boa d NIEs, Ddng A va bai hgc kinh nghiem ddi vdi Viet Nam 2000 NXB The gidi Cue thdng ke Thanh hda 2006 Nien giam thdng ke Thanh hod 10 Sd K I hoach vd Dau tu tinh Thanh hda 2001 Quy hoach tdng the phdt trien kinh te - xa hdi thdi ky 2001-2010 11 UBND tinh Thanh hda 2005 D I an phdt triln du lich tinh Thanh boa trgng dilm du lich qudc gia 12 UBND tinh Thanh hda 2006 Bao cao tinh hinh kinh tl - xa hdi nam 2001-2005 tinh Thanh hod Ha Ndi: NXB Thdng ke 13 UBND tinh Thanh boa 2006 Thanh hda tilm nang va ca hdi ddu tu Thanh hda: NXB Thanh hod 72 14 Tinh uy tinh Thanh hda 2005 Nam chuang trinh phat trien kinh te - xa hdi trgng tam cua tinh Thanh hod giai doan 2006-2010 15 Sd Ke hoach va Ddu tu tinh Thanh hda 2005 Bao cao tinh hinh boat ddng kinh tl ddi ngoai giai doan 2001-2005 va nhiem vu, giai phap cho giai doan 2006-2010 16 UBND tinh Thanh boa, 2007 De an cai thien mdi trudng ddu tu tinh Thanh boa 17 Phdng Thuang mai va Cdng nghiep Viet Nam Chi sd nang luc canh tranh cap tinh cua Viet Nam (VCCI) 18 Luat ddu tu nude ngoai tai Viet Nam va cac van ban hudng ddn thi hanh 2000 Ha Ndi: NXB Chinh tri qudc gia 19 Tap chi Kinh tl va Phat triln So 110 (8/2006) 20 Van kien Dai hdi Dai bilu toan qudc Ian thu X 2006 Ha Ndi: NXB Chinh tri qudc gia Hd Chi Minh 21 Van kien Dai hdi Dang bd tinh Thanh boa lan thu XVI nhiem ky 2005-2010 2006 Thanh hda: NXB Thanh boa 73 ... loai thue: Thue thu nhap doanh nghiep, thu nhap ca nhan, VAT, thue xuat nhap khau, thue dat, thue tai nguyen va thue bat ddng san nhung ben canh dd, Trung Qudc lai cd chinh sach mien, giam thue thu. .. de ly luan va thuc tien ve thu hut true tiep vdn DTNN vao Viet Nam va thu hut vdn DTNN vao tinh Thanh boa Nhumg dong gop cua de tai Gdp phan lam ro thuc trang thu hut vdn DTNN tai Thanh boa; de... thu hut dau tu 2.1 Gidi phap thu hut ddu tu 2.2 Chinh sach thu hut ddu tu 2.3 Xdy dung chien luac thu hut ddu tu 12 2.4 Kinh nghiem thu hut ddu tu vd chinh sdch thu hut ddu tu 14 CHlTONG 2: THU^ C