(Luận văn thạc sĩ) biến đổi đời sống của cư dân kim thái (huyện vụ bản, tỉnh nam định) từ năm 1995 đến 2010 luận văn ths khu vực học 60 31 60

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY,HA NOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES NGUYEN TRONG NGHIA TRANSFORMATION THE LIFE OF KIM THAI COMMUNE RESIDENTS (VU BAN DISTRICT, NAM DINH PROVINCE) FROM 1995 TO 2010 MASTER THESIS Major: VIETNAMESE STUDIES Hanoi – 2012 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY,HA NOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES NGUYEN TRONG NGHIA TRANSFORMATION THE LIFE OF KIM THAI COMMUNE RESIDENTS (VU BAN DISTRICT, NAM DINH PROVINCE) FROM 1995 TO 2010 Master thesis, major: VIETNAMESE STUDIES Code: 60 31 60 Supervisors: Assoc.Prof.Dr Phan Phuong Thao Hanoi - 2012 Acknowledgement This thesis is a research outcome obtained from much hard works in Institute of Vietnamese studies and development sciences – Vietnam International University of Hanoi by the author myself With warmest attitude, I would like to express deepest appreciation to all instructors, teachers who are currently teaching at Institute of Vietnamese studies, board of directors, training bureaus…for the continuous and unconditional support during the process of completing this thesis Especially, I would like to show my sincere gratitude to assoc.prof.Dr Phan Phuong Thao for her persistent guidance, valuable time and direction to me With her great attitude towards students and sciences, she encourages, motivates in regard of spirit and opens many new ideas, takes important part in this thesis, makes it more valuable and realistic During her guidance, I also learnt much more than before, about her profession planning and serious attitude in study… Once again, thank you! Besides, to accomplishe this thesis, I would like to thank local authorities in Kim Thai commune (Mr Tran Van Nhiem – Branch director of commune economy, Mr Tran Van Xuan, commune police officer…) and local nurses who, with a helped the with surveying process and especially thank to Kim Thai commune citizens for all valuable information Last but not least, I would like to thank my family members who have always given great encouragement and spiritual support for one to finish this thesis Best regards to all! Ha noi, date….month… 2012 Author Nguyen Trong Nghia Commitment I hereby commit that all information and details in this thesis is real, honest, and done by me under guidance of assoc.Pro.Dr Phan Phuong Thao, every references in this thesis is clearly identified Author Nguyen Trong Nghia CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Reasons.………………………………………………………………… Historical research.………………………………………………………………….2 The object and scope of research ………………………………………………… Researching Methods.…………………………………………………… Result of thesis ……………… ……………………………………………………8 The structure of thesis.………………………………………………………………9 Chapter 10 OVERVIEW OF KIM THAI COMMUNE’S NATURAL ENVIRONMENT SOCIAL, CULTURAL 1.1 Natural environment and geographical cultural position of Kim Thai commune 10 1.1.1 Overview of the natural environment …………………………………………10 1.1.1 Geographical cultural position …………………… 14 1.2 Social characteristics .……………………………… 16 1.2.1 History…………………………………………………………………………16 1.2.2 Administrative organization ………………………………………………… 17 1.2.3 Residential situation ………………………………………………………… 19 1.3 Cultural characteristics and relic system …………………………………… 20 1.3.1 Kim Thai – Vu Ban – Unique cultural region…………………………………20 1.3.2 System of typical cultural historical relics ………………………… ……… 23 1.4 Conclusion of chapter 1……………………………………………………….26 Chapter 27 THE TRANSFORM OF KIM THAI’S RESIDENTS CULTURAL LIFE FROM 1995 TO PRESENT 2.1 Status of Kim Thai resident traditional culture before 1995…………………….28 2.1.1 Marriage……………………………………………………………………….28 2.1.2 Funeral……………………………………………………………………… 31 2.1.3 Worship and religious in family …………………………………………… 32 2.1.4 Worship, religious – belief in the community ……………………………… 37 2.1.5 Home and community‟s cultural activities ……………………………………42 2.2 Transformation Kim Thai residents‟ cultural life since 1995 to present……… 44 2.2.1 Recovery and promotion of traditional cultural values ……………………….44 2.2.2 Penetration and spread of the Mau religious to form other religious worship form…………………………………………………………56 2.2.3 Diversity in cultural activities in family and personal conception…………….62 2.2.4 Formation of a new culture in the spiritual life……………………………….66 2.3 Some suggestions and solutions…… ………………………………………… 68 2.3.1 Some proposals for Kim Thai‟s cultural life transform in reasonable way……69 2.3.2 Some solutions for Kim Thai‟s cultural life transform in reasonable way…….69 2.4 Conclusion of chapter 2………………………………………………………….71 Chapter 73 TRANSFORM OF ECONOMY – SOCIAL LIFE AT KIM THAI COMMUNITY FROM 1995 TO THE PRESENT 3.1 Social-economy characteristics of Kim Thai commune before 1995……………73 3.1.1 Economy characteristics of Kim Thai commune before 1995……………… 73 3.1.1.1 The period of agricultural cooperation in the 60 – 70 of 20th century………73 3.1.1.2 The period of implementation of the new securities from 1981to 1994…… 76 3.1.2 Characteristics of social life in Kim Thai commune before 1995 …………….90 3.2 Changes in social – economy life of Kim Thai citizens from 1995 to present…………………………………………………………….86 3.2.1 Changes in economy of Kim Thai citizens after 1995 until now…………… 86 3.2.1.1 Agricultural production ………………………………………………… 87 3.2.1.2 Effect of trades and services activities in relate with the festival in Kim Thai economy……………………………………………………… 96 3.2.1.3 Life conditions of Kim Thai citizen …………………………… 100 3.2.2 Changes in social life of Kim Thai citizen from 1995 to present ………… 105 3.3 Proposing of establishing cultural tourism products contributing to sustainable socio-economic development of Kim Thai commune ……………………… 110 3.3.1 The basis for the proposals ………………………………………………… 110 3.3.2 Steps to build Phu Day tourism cultural festival products ………………… 113 3.4 Conclusion of chapter 3……………………………………………………… 124 CONCLUSION 126 RESEARCH PROJECT LIST OF AUTHORS 128 REFERENCES APPENDIX 129 LIST OF TABLES, CHART AND DIAGRAM USED IN THESIS Order Name Content Page Table 1.1 Used soil status in 2010 of Kim Thai commune 12 Table 2.1 Vu Ban‟s Dr list in the Middle Ages 39 Table 2.2 Time and restored status of System of Phu Day monuments 51 Table 2.3 KimThai residents awareness of the role of the family/clans 54 Table 2.4 Tam Toa council and Gods of Mother Godess belief in Phu Day temple 57 Table 2.5 Cultural amenities of living in the family by the time 62 Table 2.6 Cultural activities in free time 62 Table 2.7 Kim Thai resident‟s personal opinion 64 Table 2.8 Awareness of the role of Phu Day festival from Kim Thai‟s residents 67 10 Table 2.9 The works of the young in Kim Thai to restore, protect and promote Phu Day festival 70 11 Table 3.1 Average yield period 1976 – 1995 of Kim Thai commune 78 12 Table 3.2 Total rice production period 1974 – 1993 of Kim Thai commune 79 13 Table 3.3 Average age food exchange to rice/person/year in the 1984 – 1993 Period of Kim Thai commune 79 14 Table 3.4 Area and productivity of agriculture in winter season 1981-1993 period 80 15 Table 3.5 Total sow and total pig meat productivity through the years 80 16 Table 3.6 Plan of focusing plant area in 2010 89 17 Table 3.7 Result of Breeding area through the years 90 18 Table 3.8 Total and production of poultry herd through the years 93 19 Table 3.9 Breeding form in Kim Thai 93 20 Table 3.10 Area and production from pisciculture 94 21 Table 3.11 Accounting seller place and buyer of agriculture products 95 22 Table 3.12 Trades and common services in Festival 96 23 Table 3.13 Good income reasoning of families by their opinions 98 24 Table 3.14 Distribution in economy value through the years 99 25 Table 3.15 Kind of houses distribute by village 101 26 Table 3.16 Average income in year of citizen 103 27 Table 3.17 Main incomes of families after and before 1995 103 28 Table 3.18 Buy equipment rate after and before 1995 103 29 Table 3.19 Three features to distinguish types of villages in the Red River Delta 111 30 Chart 3.1 Total rice output; Average food/person/year period 2005-2010 compare before 1995 91 31 Chart 3.2 Distribution of value in agriculture in 2010 compare to before 1995 (%) 94 32 Chart 3.3 Economic structure of the period 2006 - 2010 compared to the pre-1995 99 33 Chart 3.4 Kind of houses present compare to before 1995 101 34 Chart 3.5 (B3.5.1) Current economy compare with before 1995 (B3.5.2) Current Life‟s Mood 35 Chart 3.6 Worker distribution in period before 1995 and 2010 (%) 105 106 36 Diagram 2.1 Some typical monuments of Kim Thai commune 61 37 Diagram 3.1 New organization of new co-operative 87 38 Diagram 3.2 The activities of Phu Day festival 114 39 Diagram 3.3 The activities of tourists in Phu Day festival 114 40 Diagram 3.4 The lack of tourism products 115 41 Diagram 3.5 Model of cultural tourism products of Phu Day festival 117 INTRODUCTION Reasons In the history of Nam Dinh Province in general and Vu Ban District in particular, Kim Thai Commune has an important position It is located in a wonder place with mountain in front, river on the back and plain in the middle with beautiful natural scenery It also other valuables: architecture, the legend, the myth as well as unique folk festivals So it is a “cultural cradle” of inhabitants It can be said that Kim Thai is home of all aspects of vivid cultural -socio-economic of “Thien Ban Luc Ky", especially the traditional cultural values such as The Mother Goddess Beliefs and Phu Day Festival Therefore, there are so many works in various fields such as archeology, religions - beliefs, culture and literature… with the focus on Kim Thai Commune However, up to now, there has not yet seen comprehensive study on transformation in life resulted from Doi Moi as well as policy advantages of this so called the holy land of The Mother Goddess in Viet Nam In recent decades, the results of Doimoi policy has not only had direct impact on the socio - economic life, but also arouse traditional cultural values that had been forgotten by different reasons across regions During the process of Doimoi, Kim Thai Commune has changed in positive way like other rural areas in the Red River Delta However, with so many advantages from position, human resources have make those transformations more on deeply and quickly Research on the transformation of Kim Thai‟s residents life from 1995 to now helps us look back to the local advantages on cultural, socio – economic aspects It also confirms that the path to socialism based on promoting the advantages of cultural traditions is absolutely right We also give some proposals to developing Kim Thai in to a new rural area has a rich cultural life and sustairable economic and social life For these above reasons, we close the title of "Transformation the life of Kim 10  Economic activity associated with poverty reduction, protection and promotion of the cultural heritage All of them Question 80 In your opinion, What is the activity that contribute to develop tourist serving? (please choose more than answers) Collect the gaga be to clean road, relics Plant tree around residential areas, public places and in the ruins of relics Do not throw garbage indiscriminately Protect cultural historical relics Other Question 81 In your opinion, what are the benefits of tourist serving for economic activities here?(Please choose more than answers) Caused local economy develop in long term Human life is better Natural and social environments can be protected and promoted Residents fell loved nature and hometown Other benefits:…………………………………………………………………………… THANK YOU! The full name of investigator:…………………………………………………………… Interview time:…………………………………………………………………………… The cross-examinee……………………………………………………………………… 164 Appendix 3: Plan of focusing plant area of Kim Thai commune, year 2010 oder I Name of Xu Dong Hamlet Area (ha) 193,54 Goods - rice Ria kênh, Bà tối, Quan xanh, Lợi du, Ru trúc, Đò quan, Hán trúc, Đầm nẻo, Đồng bùi, Hạ cao, Hạ thấp Xóm 20,59 Đất đỏ, Tư hán, Đa cịm, Đồng hang, Trước đền Xóm 15,58 Thực phẩm, Mả roi bắc, Đồng chương, Mả roi nam Xóm 2, Xóm 6,49 10 11 12 13 14 Vân kép, Giữa đồng, Làn cói, Mối bé Đồng hỏm, Trước cửa, Sau Đồng chùa Đồng sau, Đồng trịn, Đồng Riềng, Đồng hóp Bà hữu Bà rộc Đầm sòi, Bà anh Đồng cõi, Bà ao Đồng cõi Đồng Đồ lu, Chua bắc, Cháy nam, Đồng chua Xóm Cầu Xóm Pheo Xóm Cầu, Xóm Tiền Đội Đội Đội Đội Đội Đội Đội Đội 1, Đội 12,25 7,17 2,07 15,15 0,93 5,69 7,47 16,19 4,21 4,63 7,11 15 Cánh sáo, Cánh cạn, Đồng thơng, Sau đị, Sau dung, Mả trạng, Đồng trốn, Đồng Sét Đội 2, Đội 20,55 16 17 18 Mả sẹo, Đầm sối Hoa trên, Hoa Gồ gạo nam Đội - Vân Hùng Đội 2, Đội - Xóm Trại Đội 4, Đội 2,56 11,75 4,48 19 Gạch bắc, Mạ hầu, Đồng hầu, Ba ao vừng, Ao bắc, Gị hóp, Mả hầu, Đồng hầu Đội 3, Đội 13,23 Đội 4, Đội Đội - Xóm Đội 9, Đội Đội 4, Đội 5, Đội 2,18 3,55 2,13 7,3 258,07 Xóm 6,22 Đội - Xóm 10,68 20 21 22 23 II Mả công, Mả mẫu, Đồi vân Bườn bườn, Mả thân La hào Đồng mét, Đồng hang, Gồ u Cầu kênh, cánh con, Đầm dội trên, Đầm dội thấp, Xăng dầu Ria kênh, Bờ lê, Con cá, Mế trinh, Con voi, Đầm vân, Mế vân High productivity area 165 Bầu ngư, Chăn nuôi, Đầm nảy, Cửa sộp, Xứ mét, sau sĩ, Vườn bến Xóm 11,54 Bốn mẫu, Cây đa, Địng nhạc , The né, Đồng mong Đội 30,67 Con rồng, Đồng duối, Đồng nay, Đồng sét Đội 21,40 Đồng gạch nam, Ao nam, Đồng gạch tây, Đồng gạch Đội 8,52 Lưỡi A, Đồng sung, Ngã ba, Chanh bắc Bồ nam Lị ngói Đội Đội 2,58 4,45 Đồng dơi, Lị gạch, Lị ngói, cửa ơng Bính, Đồng mói to, Đồng hang Xóm Cầu 10,82 10 11 Đồng tiền, Nam đồng trước Đồng chùa, Cổ cị Xóm ng Xóm cầu, Xóm ng 5,27 2,91 Đội 4, Đội 13,52 Đội 5, Đội Đội 7, Đội Đội 6, Đội Đội 5, Đội Đội 8, Đội Xóm Tiền, Cầu, ng Đội 8, Đội - Xóm ng Đội - Xóm ng Đội - Xóm Tiền 6,41 10,53 9,73 9,29 4,53 6,04 13 14 15 16 17 18 Đồng sường, Mả sắn, Ruộng đức, Mả vân, Đồng găng, Đồng mai Đồng dài bắc Đồng dài nam, Bồ bắc, Bồ Đầm mai, Sào Đồng già, Đồng chua Mạ cửa đình, Sau hiệu Bắc đồng tước, Đồng tước 19 Đồng đống, Láng cậy, Đồng xối, Đồng chua 20 21 Đồng chua, Đồng già Đồng vó, Đồng lau 22 Ba mẫu, Vậy bắc, Vậy nam, Tam thanh, Quan điền, Tây kỵ, Cổ cị, Đồng duối Đội - Xóm Pheo 19,15 Đồng đâu, Nam sông Đồng sào, Sào bắc, Sào nam Sào nam, Sào đông, Đồng đỗi Sau mả, Đồng uông, Mạ phú, Sau đồng tiền Sau đồng tiền, Đồng chanh Đội 5, Đội 7, Đội Đội 1, Đội 2, Đội Đội 3, Đội Đội - Xóm ng Đội - Xóm Tiền Đội - Xóm Đội 3, Đội Xóm 2, Xóm 6,52 10,68 7,07 6,57 11,55 89,82 3,25 1,77 7,28 12 23 24 25 26 27 III Focusing on veggie area Xứ mét, Đồng sau Đồng sường, Cánh sáo Mã nhân, Giữa đồng, Đồng trên, Sau hàng 8,49 2,39 7,06 Đồng cầu, La hào, Vườn trên, Nội lăng, Cá quán, Sau trại, Đá bóng Đội 8, Đội 14,83 Đồng găng Đội 4, Đội 6,19 Sau thấp, Sau cao, Cổng trường, Nội hến, Bằng giếng, Đồng văn Đội 4, Đội 9,45 Đồng cũ, Cát cũ Đồng cửa Đồng cát Cầu, Cột đèn, Đồng cát, Đồng Phep, Đồng dôi Đội 2, Đội Đội Xóm Cầu, Tiền, Pheo 7,57 5,71 6,65 166 Đồng sung, Đồng chanh Đồng quán, Đồng Lê, Cửa đình, Sau mả, Đồng kỵ La gim, Mả vực, Đồng cháy, Đồng hương Gồ gạo bắc, Gồ gạo nam Đồng nam, đồng hầu 10 11 12 13 14 Đội 7, Đội Xóm Tiền, Pheo Đội 1, Đội Đội 4, Đội Đội 3,4,5,7 1,79 8,15 7,95 1,68 7,55 Source: Seminar of building plan for new countryside area in Kim Thai, 2011, tr 42 Appendix 4: Balance land of Kim Thai commune (ha) Movements in the period oder Soils Year 2010 2010 - 2015 Increase Reduced 952,65 Total natural soil area Agricultural soil 691,54 0,00 24,10 1.1 Cultivated agriculture soil 657,64 0,00 23,65 1.1.1 Annual crop soil 627,91 0,00 23,65 1.1.1.1 Paddy soil 538,67 0,00 23,65 1.1.1.2 Other annual crop soil 89,24 0,00 0,00 1.1.2 Perennial crop soil 29,73 0,00 0,00 1.2 Forest soil 8,30 0,00 0,00 1.2.1 Protection forest soil 8,30 0,00 0,00 1.3 Aquaculture soil 25,14 0,00 0,45 1.4 Other agricultural soil 0,46 0,00 0,00 Non-agricultural soil 248,93 26,76 0,66 2.1 Residential soil 57,88 3,26 0,00 2.1.1 Rural residential soil 57,88 3,26 0,00 2.2 Specialized soil 155,43 23,30 0,66 2.2.1 Offices of soil 0,33 0,00 0,00 2.2.2 0,00 2,00 0,00 2.2.3 Defense soil Non-agricultural production and business soil 39,49 0,28 0,00 2.2.4 Public soil 115,61 21,02 0,06 2.2.4.1 Transport soil 59,67 2,00 0,00 2.2.4.2 Irrigation soil 49,70 0,25 0,00 2.2.4.3 Soil of energy 0,02 0,02 0,00 167 2.2.4.4 Soil post 0,01 0,00 0,00 2.2.4.5 Cultural land base 0,64 0,24 0,00 2.2.4.6 Soil health facility 0,27 0,00 0,00 2.2.4.7 Land training institution 2,37 0,00 0,06 2.2.4.8 Land sports facilities 0,65 0,47 0,00 2.2.4.9 Land base of social services 0,00 7,37 0,00 2.2.4.10 Land markets 0,00 0,04 0,00 2.2.4.11 Land of monuments, landscapes 1,45 10,00 0,00 2.2.4.12 Land disposal, waste treatment 0,83 0,30 0,00 2.3 Soil of religion, belief 5,84 0,00 0,00 2.4 Cemetery, graveyards soil 6,58 0,20 0,10 2.5 River, water surface soil 22,91 0,00 0,59 2.6 Other non agriculture soil 0,29 0,00 0,00 Unused soil 12,18 0,00 2,00 3.1 Unused plain soil 2,23 0,00 0,00 3.2 Unissued highland soil 8,28 0,00 0,00 3.3 Mountains without forests soil 1,67 0,00 0,00 Total 26,76 27,76 Source: Seminar of building plan for new countryside area in Kim Thai, 2011, tr 30 168 Appendix 5: Some pictures of Phu Day festival in 2012 Phu Day festival brilliant Opening day (Source: Author) Thinh kinh communion Tien Huong pagoda (Source: Author) 169 Hau Dong in Phu Van Cat (Source: Author) Keo chu game In Phu Van Cat (Source: Author) Keo chu game in Phu Tien Huong (Source: Author) 170 Lan dance (Source: Author) Dragon dance (Source: Author) Tu Quy dance (Source: Author) 171 Dong dance on stage opening (Source: Author) Hat Van on stage opening (Source: Author) Dance and song praise homeland (Source: Author) 172 Appendix Some agricultural economic activities; sales and service in Phu Day festival Rice harvesting in 2012 (Source: Author) Maize care (Source: Author) Landcaped gardens (Source: Author) 173 Sell paper flower (Source: Author) Product and sale of confectionery (Source: Author) Sele bronze (Source: Author) 174 Culinary services (Source: Author) Accommodation Services (Source: Author) Care looks services (Source: Author) 175 Appendix 7: Social picture of Kim Thai commune High school (Source: Author) Preschools (Source: Author) Health centers (Source: Author) Cultural house 176 (Source: Author) Road 56 (Source: Author) Inter communal road (Source: Author) 177 Restored monument (stupa’s Tien Huong pagoda) (Source: Author) Building in the village (Source: Author) 178 ... THAI COMMUNE RESIDENTS (VU BAN DISTRICT, NAM DINH PROVINCE) FROM 1995 TO 2010 Master thesis, major: VIETNAMESE STUDIES Code: 60 31 60 Supervisors: Assoc.Prof.Dr Phan Phuong Thao Hanoi - 2012 Acknowledgement... LIFE AT KIM THAI COMMUNITY FROM 1995 TO THE PRESENT 3.1 Social-economy characteristics of Kim Thai commune before 1995? ??…………73 3.1.1 Economy characteristics of Kim Thai commune before 1995? ??……………... period 2005 -2010 compare before 1995 91 31 Chart 3.2 Distribution of value in agriculture in 2010 compare to before 1995 (%) 94 32 Chart 3.3 Economic structure of the period 2006 - 2010 compared