Translation strategies for the addressing forms between english and vietnamese in the novel hunger

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES TRƯƠNG THỊ HUYỀN TRANSLATION STRATEGIES FOR THE ADDRESSING FORMS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE IN THE NOVEL “HUNGER” (Các chiến lược dịch từ xưng hô Anh-Việt tiểu thuyết “Đói”) MAJOR MASTER THESIS Major: English Linguistics Supervisor: Assoc Prof.Dr Le Hung Tien HANOI - 2019 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES TRƯƠNG THỊ HUYỀN TRANSLATION STRATEGIES FOR THE ADDRESSING FORMS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE IN THE NOVEL “HUNGER” (Các chiến lược dịch từ xưng hô Anh-Việt tiểu thuyết “Đói”) MAJOR MASTER THESIS Major: English Linguistics Code: 8220201.01 Supervisor: Assoc Prof.Dr Le Hung Tien HANOI - 2019 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, herby certify that this project entitled Translation strategies for the addressing forms between English and Vietnamese in the novel “Hunger” (Các chiến lược dịch từ xưng hơ Anh-Việt tiểu thuyết “Đói”) is my original work I have duly acknowledged all the sources from which the ideas and extracts have been taken This project is submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for degree of Master in English Language Hanam, 2019 Truong Thi Huyen Approved by SUPERVISOR Assoc Prof.Dr Le Hung Tien Date: i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My thesis could not be completed without great contributions and support form the supervisor and a number or people Frist, I would like to express my sincere gratitue to my supervisor, Assoc.Prof Dr Le Hung Tien for his suppervision and great guidance, valuable encourage as well as comments during the time I did this research which help me possibe to complete this thesis I am also grateful to all my lecturers of Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies at the University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi who give me an opportunity and the best conditions to this research Last but not least, my special gratitute is for my family and my friends from whom I have received alot of spiritual encourage and material support ii TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS II TABLE OF CONTENTS III LIST OF TABLE V LIST OF FIGURE V PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 Rationale Scope of the research Research objectives and research questions 3.1 Research objectives 3.2 Research questions .3 Research significance .3 Research method Thesis structure PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIEW Translation 1.1 Definitions of translation 1.2 Translation strategies Addressing forms 2.1 Definition of addressing forms 2.1.1 Pronouns .12 2.1.2 Names 15 2.1.3 Titles 16 2.1.4 Kinship terms 17 2.1.5 Endearment expressions 20 2.2 Translating addressing forms from one language to another 20 Previous Studies .25 CHAPTER II: RESEARCH METHOD 28 iii 1.Research Approach 2.Data and Data Sources 3.Research Instruments 4.Data Collection Techniques 5.Data Analysis Techniques CHAPTER III: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 1.Findings 1.1.The types of Addressing Form 1.2.The Translation Strategies of A 2.Discussion PART C CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 1.Summary of findings 2.Conclusions 3.Suggestions 3.1.For translator 3.2.For students majoring in trans 3.3.For researchers REFERENCES APPENDIX iv LIST OF TABLE Table 1: English Pronouns System (according to Larson, 1984) 12 Table 2: Vietnamese Pronouns System by Ngo (2006) 12 Table 3: Example of Addressing People Using Names in English .15 Table 5: The Meanings and Usages of the Vietnamese Kinship Terms 18 Table 6: The Table Data Sheet 32 Table The Frequencies of Types of Addressing Forms in the novel “Hunger” 35 Table 8: The Translation Strategies of Addressing Forms 37 Table 9: Pronouns 37 Table 10 Names 38 Table 11: Titles 39 Table 12: Kinship Terms .41 Table 13: Endearment expressions 42 LIST OF FIGURE Figure The Diagram of Types of Address Terms 36 Figure The Diagram of Translation Strategies 42 v PART A: INTRODUCTION Rationale Translation is one of important and not easy skills in the course of English learning, especially in the process of world economic integration today It is a crucial tool and plays important role in the life and in various fields such as communication, education, culture, tourism, economy as well as literature, ect Translation helps people from different countries be able to understand and connects together Depending on each field, proper and certain strategies and procedures are applied to gain a good translation Because translation is the process of transferring meaning, it is necessary to have great attention when translating from source language into target language to get the profound insight about the source language Translating from English into Vietnamese means transferring the meaning from English culture into Vietnamese culture Addressing forms are indispensable in any acts of communication In language in general, they express the hierarchical, attitude and emotional relationship between the persons involved in the conversation Therefore, the important thing is to select proper addressing forms in order to get a smooth and good conversation Almost English learners, however, face some difficulties in translating addressing forms from English into Vietnamese Like other fields, translation of addressing forms from English into Vietnamese is not easy which depends on various factors and elements such as culture and translation strategies The system of addressing forms in Vietnamese language is very rich and diverse which depends on each circumstance and relationship The rules of addressing in Vietnamese are also varied and complicated Personal pronouns, addressing forms referring to kinship are usually used in Vietnamese which cannot be found in English This is one of the difficulties in the course of translating such type of addressing forms from English into Vietnamese This forces the translator to focus, pay attention and find signs to distinguish and find words with the same meaning in two languages On the other hand, the cultural difference is also an element leading to different use of addressing forms in English and Vietnamese Cultural factors and social norms require each language to have a proper system of addressing forms In short, during communication, in English or Vietnamese, addressing forms should be selected and adjusted by each individual to suit the subject as well as the context of communication Hence, this paper is carried to refect the similarities and differences between the system of addressing forms in English language and Vietnamese language as well as translation strategies for translating the addressing form in the novel “Hunger” of Knut Hamsun Scope of the research Through the process of translation, various versions of target texts can be created from a source language The translation process is also impacted by different factors These factors can consist of translator behavior or cultural problem in which cultural factor has a big influence As a result, the translator must have good understanding on the background of each culture to have the best translation The addressing forms in the novel “Hunger” of Knut Hamsun and “Đói” of T.B.Tan are collected by the author to be used as research data Research objectives and research questions 3.1 Research objectives The research aims to:  Describe types of addressing forms that occur in “Hunger” of Knut Hamsun  Describe types of translation strategies used in “Đói” of T.B.Tan 3.2 Research questions Two following questions are formulated for this research: What types of addressing forms occur in “Hunger” of Knut Hamsun? What are the types of translation strategies used to translate addressing terms in “Đói” of T.B.Tan? Research significance The research is carried out to help the readers and English learners to take in the meaning of addressing forms effectively by understanding the notion of addressing forms, the types of addressing forms and the factors affecting the use of addressing forms and the similarities and differences of the system of addressing forms in English and Vietnamese language The result of this research also helps people understand that the use of different translation strategies will lead to the change of addressing forms It then will be a good reference for teachers and students as well as translators, writers of language who are interested in studying the addressing forms in linguistics in general and in translation in particular Research method Research procedures:  Developing a theoretical background  Collecting and synthesizing the system of addressing forms in both English and Vietnamese for analysis and comparison  Finding out the similarities and differences of the system of addressing forms between English and Vietnamese  Drawing out the common translation strategies for the addressing forms II No Source Target text text 25 Christie Crixti 26 Andersen Anderxon 27 Gundersen Gunnersen 28 Tangen Tangen 29 Jens Olaj Ienx Clai 30 Hans Pauli Hanx Pauli 31 Pettersen Peterxon 32 Hermansen Hermanxen 33 Levion Levinxon 34 Emma Emma 35 Hierunf Kierulf 36 Mary Mary 37 Ilajali Ilaialy 38 Magelsen Magenxen III No Source Target text text 39 Madam Tiểu thư 40 Madam Bà chủ nhà 41 Madam Bà 42 Miss Andersen 43 Miss Nagel 44 Mrs.Gundersen 45 Mr Christie Cơng chua ́́ Nagel Bà Gunnersen Ơng Crixti Cả hai 46 The Ladies đan ́̀ ̀ bà 47 Ladies Các bà 48 Ladies Quý bà IV No 49 Source Target text text Two ladies Hai ́̀ đan ba ́̀ ̀ 50 Gentlemen 51 Young lady 52 This lady Cô gai 53 Landlady Bà chủ nhà Dancing- Ơng thầy master dạy múa 54 Quý ơng ́́ Ông chủ 55 Master himself 56 Sir 57 Sir Thưa ông 58 Good Lord Trơi 59 Lord hiêu ́̀ V No 60 Source Target text text Lord Đức chúa trơi ́̀ 61 Lord Chúa 62 Lord God 63 God Trơi 64 Creator Chúa 65 God Chúa 66 Holy Ghost Thánh thần 67 King Vua 68 Father 69 Son Đấng cứu rỗi ́̀ Đức chúa cha Đức chúa VI No Source Target text text 70 Her father Bớnó 71 Your father Bốcô 72 Wife’s father Bốvơ Landlady’s Bốđẻbà father chủ 74 Husband Ông chồng 75 My wife Vơ 76 Wife Bà vơ 77 His wife Bà vơ 78 Sailor’s wife 79 Her mother Mẹ 80 My mother Mẹ 81 Her son 73 Câu bà chủ VII No Source Target text text 82 Mother Bà mẹ 83 Landlady’s son 84 The mother Bà chủ nhà 85 Mother Bà mẹ Con trai bà chủ Con gai ́́ 86 His daughter 87 Sister Chị em gái 88 Older sister Chị gái 89 Your sister Chị cô 90 My sister Chị 91 Sisters Bà 92 Brother của ơng Ơng em ơng ta VIII No 93 Source Target text text A little, old Ông giàbe man nhỏ 94 This little man 95 Young man 96 My dear fellow 97 Loved one 98 99 My dear women He Con ́̀ be nhỏ Cái anh Anh ban Chàng yêu quý của em Thưa bà Lão IX ... of addressing forms, the types of addressing forms and the factors affecting the use of addressing forms and the similarities and differences of the system of addressing forms in English and Vietnamese. .. of the system of addressing forms between English and Vietnamese  Drawing out the common translation strategies for the addressing forms 3  Data collection: the addressing forms in the novel. .. Total The table above shows types of addressing forms occur in the novel and titles is the most frequent type occurring in the novel From the total of 99 addressing forms existing in the novel,