Translation procedures applied in the english vietnamese translation of the conceptual metaphors in the novel the call of the wild

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES & INTERNATION STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN TUẤN MINH TRANSLATION PROCEDURES APPLIED IN THE ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN THE NOVEL “THE CALL OF THE WILD” (Các thủ thuật áp dụng việc dịch Anh-Việt ẩn dụ ý niệm tiểu thuyết “Tiếng gọi nơi hoang dã”) M.A MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field: Code: HANOI – 2019 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES & INTERNATION STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN TUẤN MINH TRANSLATION PROCEDURES APPLIED IN THE ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN THE NOVEL “THE CALL OF THE WILD” (Các thủ thuật áp dụng việc dịch Anh-Việt ẩn dụ ý niệm tiểu thuyết “Tiếng gọi nơi hoang dã”) M.A MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field: Code: Supervisor: Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis represents my own work and has not been previously included in a thesis or dissertation submitted to this or any other institution for a degree, diploma or other qualifications Signature Nguyen Tuan Minh June, 2019 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn, my teacher and supervisor, whose inspiring and full-of-fun lectures on Cognitive Linguistics and conceptual metaphors had given me inspirations to choose and keep working on this research Also, he provided me with useful advice on research direction and encouragement during the work Also, I am extremely grateful to Ms Vương Thị Thanh Nhàn, lecturer of Translation & Interpreting Division, Faculty of English Teacher Education, ULIS, VNU, whose paper on the translation procedures and equivalence on Quan họ terms had enlightened me on my research goals and who had kindly offered me invaluable advice and materials on translation equivalence and metaphor translation My deep appreciation also goes to my father, my mother and my younger brother who provided me with money, food, care and encouragement while I was totally devoted to reading materials and writing this paper iii ABSTRACT The translation of conceptual metaphor from English to Vietnamese has been largely ignored In the world, some studies have dealt with the treatment of conceptual metaphors from Arabic to English and from Russion into English, etc However, no studies on the English-Vietnamese translation of conceptual metaphors can be found Therefore, this paper examines some conceptual metaphors available in the novel “The Call of the Wild” and the translation procedures used to translate them from English to Vietnamese Based on the conceptual theory of metaphors proposed by Lakoff and Johnson (2003), a number of conceptual metaphors have been uncovered in the English versions such as DOGS/WOLVES ARE HUMAN, NATURE IS A HUMAN BEING/AN ANIMAL, TIME IS A MOVING OBJECT, STATES ARE LOCATIONS, etc together with some 230 linguistic realizations After that, based on the adapted analytical framework on the translation procedures of conceptual metaphors proposed by Al-Harrasi (2001), the study found various translation procedures, including keeping the same conceptual metaphor, using another conceptual metaphor, deleting the conceptual metaphor, and converting the conceptual metaphors Keywords: conceptual metaphors, translating conceptual metaphor, translation procedures iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.Rationale 2.Aims and objectives 3.Research method 4.Scope of the study 5.Significance 6.Structural organization of the thesis CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.Metaphors and conceptual metaphors 1.1.Traditional view of metaphors 1.2.The conceptual metaphor in the cognitiv 2.Conceptual metaphors in literature 3.Translation and translation procedures 3.1.Translation 3.2.Translation procedures 3.3.Translation of metaphors and conceptua 3.4.Previous studies CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY 1.Research questions 2.Description of data v 3.Data collection and data analysis procedures 4.Methods of the study 5.Analytical framework CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 1.The conceptual metaphors and their linguistic manifestations in t 1.1.Knowledge-based metaphors 1.2.Image-schema metaphors 2.The procedures applied in translating the conceptual metaphors 2.1.Keeping the same conceptual metaphor 2.3.Using a different metaphor 2.4.Converting the conceptual metaphor 2.5.Deleting the expression of the metaphor 3.Discussion CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION 1.Recapitulation of main ideas 2.Implications 3.Limitations 4.Suggestions for further research REFERENCES APPENDIX vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Percentage of translation procedures……………………………41 vii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION This chapter presents the reason for choosing the research topic and highlights the purposes and the methods of the study Also, the structure and the scope of the research are also discussed Rationale The world today has been much closer together thanks mostly to the advances of technology that has helped bridge the great physical distance that seems at first daunting between different places in the world Besides, it would be a great mistake to ignore the crucial role taken by translation, the key player that bring people spiritually and emotionally closer, by boosting the understanding among cultures, “aiding the understanding of an increasingly fragmentary world” (Bassnett, 2002) The cultural aspects of translation have been a constant emphasis in translation (Bassnett, 2002) Normally, when thinking about the relationship between culture and translation, one may immediately think of cultural words, which are particularly associated with a particular language and cannot be translated literally (Newmark, 1988) and wonders how these culture-rich concepts can be rendered into the target language Therefore, not surprisingly, a large body of research in translation study has been dedicated to this area It does not take one much time to search for a few studies on translation of culture-specific terms To name a few, Hapsari and Setyaningsih (2013) in their study “Cultural Words and the Translation in Twilight” worked with 100 cultural words related to food, house, artifacts, transportation, clothes, communication such as “madrone trees”, “pelicans”, “crib” and “ravioli”, etc, and various translation procedures applied to render these terms into Indonesian Nhàn (2015) studied the translation procedures in translating terms used in “Quan họ”, a traditional way of singing and performing songs in Bắc Ninh, a northern province of Vietnam In this research, she discussed a great number of cultural words, their translation procedures and their equivalents such as “áo the”, “khăn xếp”, “liền anh”, “liền chị”, “hát thờ”, “hát canh”,etc However, another equally important part in culture but often ignored in translation is the pattern of thoughts and ways in which people of different cultures categorize things A famous theory that summarizes the relationship between languages, thought and culture is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Proposing the idea of linguistic determinism, Sapir and Whorf argue that language determines thought and language is a reflection of culture (Yule, 2006) Therefore, under the light of cognitive linguistics, there is something more than just cultural terms Evan and Green (2006) maintained that patterns of thought or conceptualization are reflected in language Different groups of people (different cultures), speaking different languages have their own ways of understanding, perceiving and construing their physical environment around them and other experiences In other words, each culture will perceive and understanding reality in different ways or thought is also a product of culture “The metaphor is probably the most fertile power possessed by man” (Jose Ortega y Gasset, 1948) Metaphors have long been a focal interest for the academic world and widely studied from many perspectives, including traditional views, philosophers’ view and cognitive view, etc Studying metaphors from the cognitive approach and their translations will present certain benefits and new insights as the conceptual metaphor, with its basis in basic physical, physiological and cultural experience of human beings, serves as a powerful tool in revealing these differences in the thinking patterns, allowing the possibility of examining and comparing different ways of construing reality of different groups of people To some degree, conceptual metaphors have some properties that are the same as cultural words Although sometimes, two cultures share the same expressions, most THE LASH IS AN ANIMAL/A HUMAN BEING THE BODY IS THE CONTAINER OF FEELINGS, SENSES AND LIFE STATES ARE LOCATIONS/CO NTAINERS ANGER IS A NATURAL FORCE ANGER IS AN ANIMAL OUT OF CONTROL ANGER IS HOT FLUID IN A CONTAINER LOVE IS SICKNESS LOVE IS HEAT LOVE IS MADNESS LOVE IS A PLANT HAPPINESS IS LIGHT EMOTIONS ARE FOOD TIME IS A MOVING OBJECT TIME IS AN ANIMAL/ HUMAN 13 (TIME IS A MOTHER) LIFE IS A PLANT LIFE IS FLUID IN A CONTAINER LIFE IS AN ANIMAL LIFE IS LIGHT DEATH IS DEPARTURE DEATH IS STOPPING DEATH IS PASSING OUT DEATH IS AN ANIMAL/A HUMAN RAPIDITY IS LIGHT RAPIDITY IS SHOOTING 15 ABSTRACT STATES/PHENO MENA ARE CONCRETE OBJECTS INACTIVITY IS DEAD CHANGE IS MOVEMENT LIGHT IS WATER TROUBLE IS WATER LESS IS DOWN ARGUMENT IS WAR HEARING IS TOUCHING SEEING IS TOUCHING SPEECH IS WEAPON THEORIES ARE NAILS SILENCE IS DOWN 19 ... answering two questions: What are the conceptual metaphors and their linguistic manifestations in the English novel ? ?The Call of the Wild? ??? What translation procedures are applied in translating the. .. - The hum of nature - The call of the wild - The patience of the wild 1.1.3 THE LASH IS AN ANIMAL The lash, which is a thin strip of leather at the end of a whip, is a constant image in this novel. .. UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES & INTERNATION STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN TUẤN MINH TRANSLATION PROCEDURES APPLIED IN THE ENGLISH- VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN THE NOVEL