Conceptual metaphors denoting anger in the dailystar co uk and cand com vn (2012 2013) from cognitive semantics

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY – HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES o0o TRẦN THỊ MINH YẾN CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS DENOTING “ANGER” IN THE DAILYSTAR.CO.UK AND CAND.COM.VN (2012-2013) FROM COGNITIVE SEMANTICS (Ẩn dụ ý niệm biểu đạt “sự tức giận” báo dailystar.co.uk báo cand.com.vn (2012-2013) góc độ ngữ nghĩa học tri nhận) M.A Minor Programme Thesis Field: English Linguistics Code: 60220201 Hanoi – 2014 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY – HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES o0o TRẦN THỊ MINH YẾN CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS DENOTING “ANGER” IN THE DAILYSTAR.CO.UK AND CAND.COM.VN (2012-2013) FROM COGNITIVE SEMANTICS (Ẩn dụ ý niệm biểu đạt “sự tức giận” báo dailystar.co.uk báo cand.com.vn (2012-2013) góc độ ngữ nghĩa học tri nhận) M.A Minor Programme Thesis Field: English Linguistics Code: 60220201 Supervisor: Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn Hanoi – 2014 DECLARATION Title: “Conceptual metaphors denoting “anger” in the dailystar.co.uk and cand.com.vn (2012-2013) from Cognitive Semantics Perspectives” I certificate that no part of the above report has been copied or reproduced by me from any other person‟s work without acknowledgements and that the report is originally written by me under strict guidance of my supervisor Hanoi, 27h November, 2014 Trần Thi Minḥ Yến i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn who has given me invaluable advice, suggestions as well as the inspiration and encouragement to complete this thesis I am sure the paper would have not been possible without his big help and such useful guidance My great thankfulness is also given to the teachers of Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for their ideas to my paper and many thanks to all my friends who have encouraged and helped me during the time of collecting necessary data, information for the study Especially, I would like to acknowledge and extend my heartfelt gratitude to my whole family for their support given to me through the long time of years in university as well as in difficult time to finish this thesis In addition, I personally wish to thank all my readers for their attention, and I would highly appreciate any comments to my study ii ABSTRACT Metaphor, especially conceptual metaphor, is a cognitive device for humans to conceptualize abstract domains Having chosen Lakoff and Johnson‟s Conceptual Metaphor Theory as the analytical framework, 77 samples from English and Vietnamese newspapers were analyzed to address how conceptual metaphors for anger work in English and Vietnamese newspapers as well as indicate the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese in terms of those conceptual metaphors It aims to enhance the effectiveness of teaching, learning and understanding conceptual metaphors in English and Vietnamese Within the limit of a brief research, the author expect that the two languages - English and Vietnamese - which express the conceptual metaphors involved will reveal some different features of the two cultures iii DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT Part A Part B Chapter 1.1 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.1.1 1.2.1.2 1.2.2 1.2.2.1 1.2.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.4.1 1.2.4.2 1.2.4.3 1.2.5 iv Chapter 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Chapter 3.1 3.2 3.3 Chapter v 4.1 4.2 4.3 Part C REFERENCES APPENDICES APPENDIX I APPENDIX II vi PART A: INTRODUCTION Rationale Over the last decades, newspapers have made much progress in the world of means of communication to benefit humankind Journalists always take into account language use to catch readers‟ curiosity and excitement; however, sometimes this has created challenges for readers in understanding the metaphors used in their writings Metaphor is an interesting linguistic subject which has attracted the attention of many linguists In traditional linguistics, only metaphor in literature was considered as the main object of study However, in the light of modern cognitive linguistics, not only metaphor in literature but also metaphor in daily life language is investigated More importantly, metaphor does not only serve as a means of expressing thought, it is also a vehicle of cognition, a means which helps realize how human beings‟ cognitive processes take place Metaphor is a tool through which we comprehend an abstract concept in terms of a more concrete concept, which is thus called conceptual metaphor Emotion, as an important aspect of human experience, conceptualized and expressed in metaphorical terms In other words, such an abstract concept is conceptualized and expressed in terms of a more concrete concept by means of metaphor There have been several studies on the function of metaphors in the conceptualization of emotions including both positive and negative ones in English and Vietnamese However, we have scant knowledge about the importance of the basic experiences in emotion conceptualization such as the association of human emotion with internal organs and the cultural views resulting from it For the reasons above, “An investigation into conceptual metaphors denoting „anger‟ in English and Vietnamese newspapers from cognitive semantics perspective” will be a contribution to profound linguistic knowledge of conceptual metaphor which might help Vietnamese teachers, learners, and translators of English understand cultural elements that have a great influence on using metaphorical expressions and use the English language more effectively Significance of the study 2.1 In terms of theory This study is expected to provide useful contributions to studies of linguistic units from cognitive semantic approach, which has subsequently been elaborated in researches in other fields such as psychology, psycholinguist 2.2 In terms of practice This research is expected to be a useful contribution to teaching, learning, and translating emotion metaphors used in English and Vietnamese newspapers The research is also carried out in the hope that its findings will help Vietnamese learners of English enrich their knowledge of conceptual metaphor, understand cultural elements that have a great influence on using metaphorical expressions, and enhance learners‟ evaluable skills in interpreting and translating newspapers as well Aims of the study The study aims at investigating conceptual metaphors denoting “anger” in English and Vietnamese newspapers from 2012 to 2013 in the light of cognitive semantics Specifically, it aims at the following: - Investigating how the concept of “anger” is metaphorically expressed in English and Vietnamese newspapers Investigating the similarities and differences in expressions of conceptual metaphors denoting “anger” in English and Vietnamese newspapers of Suggesting the implications for the teaching, learning, and translating conceptual metaphors denoting “anger” in newspapers Scope of the study Due to the limited time, this research investigates only the similarities and differences in expressions of conceptual metaphors denoting “anger” in English and Vietnamese newspapers in the background knowledge of cognitive semantics Methodology 5.1 Research Questions In order to achieve the aims of the study, the following research questions are to be answered: How are concepts for anger metaphorically expressed in English and Vietnamese newspapers? 46 Lữ, P (2012) “Huyết thống tương tàn” (Siblings killing each other) Công an nhân dân http://antgct.cand.com.vn/vivn/nguoitrongcuoc/2012/5/55911.cand 47 Mai, X (2012) “Sợ trùng tang nên xảy ra… thế” (Fear of having funerals in a year turned to tragedy) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/viVN/honnhancsong/tinhtientutoi/2012/11/183975.cand 48 Mai, X (2013) “Mẹ "ăn nem", hai cha "trấn lột" tình địch” (Wife having affair, husband and son robbed wife‟s lover) Công an nhân dân http://www.cand.com.vn/News/PrintView.aspx?ID=194033 49 Mục, D (2013) “Nỗi ám ảnh chiều 30 Tết kí ức người đàn bà biến tình địch thành đuốc sống” (Obsession of the woman who turned love rival into living torch in the New Year Eve afternoon) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/vivn/toipham/phiasautoiac/2013/2/184669.cand 50 Nghi, A (2013) “Ai giết bụi đời” (Who killed a street-urchin?) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/vi-vn/nhanvatsukien/tieudiem/2012/8/185675.cand 51 Sỹ, N (2013) “Tiếng huýt sáo tử thần” (Whistle of the death) Công an nhân dân http://antg.cand.com.vn/News/PrintView.aspx?ID=80508 52 Thanh, H (2013) “Xót xa cảnh mẹ mừng vào tù tội giết người” (Heartbreaking mother “happy” for daughter in jail for murder) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/vivn/toipham/phiasautoiac/2013/7/185447.cand 53 Thiện, N (2013) “Truyền nhân hầu quyền câm điếc cao 1,40m "người khổng lồ" (The “giant” deaf and dumb Houquan successor with 1,40m heigh) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/vivn/giaitrithethao/tgioidithuong/2013/10/186833.cand 54 Thu, H (2013) “Cơn cuồng nộ "coi rẻ" đạo vợ chồng” (The fury taking a low-look on spouses morality) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/vi VN/toipham/diemhuyet/2013/9/185821.cand 46 55 Thu, H (2013) “Hận người tình, dùng dây xiết cổ vứt xuống hố sâu để trả thù”(Hatred lover, a woman tightened son‟s neck by rope and thrown to deep hole for revenge) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/vi-vn/honnhancsong/tinhtientutoi/2013/7/185387.cand 56 Thu, H & Phúc, T (2013) “Nỗi oan "làng Ô sin" (The injustice in the Helpers Village) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/News/PrintView.aspx?ID=185886 57 Thủy, Đ (2013) “Người chồng bị cắm sừng truy sát nhân tình vợ” (A cuckold looking for lover of his wife to kill) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/vivn/honnhancsong/honnhantiengkeu/2012/10/186136.cand 58 Tiến, M (2012) “Đằng sau vụ “chồng hờ” sát hại vợ Hải Phòng” (Behind the crime scene of killing lover in Hai Phong) Công an nhân dân http://antg.cand.com.vn/vivn/ktvhkh/2012/2/78238.cand 59 Trinh, T P (2013) “Gã khách làng chơi mang tâm địa quỷ dữ” (Player with evil mind) Công an nhân dân http://antg.cand.com.vn/viVN/vuan/2013/11/81929.cand 60 Vinh, N Đ (2013) “Nỗi cô đơn bậc thức giả” (Loneliness of artists) Công an nhân dân http://vnca.cand.com.vn/News/PrintView.aspx?ID=58390 61 Vũ, A (2012) “Cái chết thương tâm người vợ gọi chồng nhậu ăn cơm” (The tragic death of wife trying to call drunken husband home having dinner) Công an nhân dân http://cstc.cand.com.vn/vivn/honnhan-csong/honnhantiengkeu/2012/11/184299.cand 47 APPENDICES APPENDIX I Conceptual metaphors denoting “anger” in the dailystar.co.uk (2012-2013) from Cognitive Semantics Perspectives STRUCTURAL METAPHORS Anger is fire  CRIMEWATCH host Nick Ross sparked outrage yesterday by saying: “I‟d watch child porn.” [22]  The row came on the day it emerged the pair had an angry flare-up after the striker was caught SMOKING in the dressing room area [4]  Van Persie reportedly added fuel to the fire when he was quoted in Spain as saying: “I‟m grateful to hear about the interest of a club as important as Real Madrid [16]  Anger will fire up Kell Brook [8]  Ben Westwood will be furious if he gets hauled over the coals for a tackle on a "soft" opponent [27] Anger is a hot fluid in a container  Tempers just reached boiling point and it looked like it was going to kick off [3]  It makes my blood boil that I take my girl out for a nice meal and she throws up everything in the restaurant toilet while I'm paying the bill [25]  In fact he‟s boiling mad that I‟d dare to suggest such a thing [26]     Impossible star is “seething with anger” [13] Victoria Beckham: 50 Shades of Grey got steamed me up [15] “I‟ve just got so much anger and frustration inside me [9] I've got to keep all that tension inside me and control it [6] I  MARK NOBLE reckons Ravel Morrison will be less of a player if West Ham try to curb his temper [17]  The mouthy babe exploded with rage yesterday after hearing the porn star slag her off [18]  Felipe Santana scrambled home from an offside position in the dying seconds which triggered an angry outburst from Malaga's Qatari owner [7]  'ANGRY' Wayne Rooney is fuming at new Manchester United boss David Moyes [14]  Spurs vent their anger over the deal to sell Gareth Bale [20]  Stories will include how he was abandoned by his parents and pushed between various foster homes, and how he channelled his anger through boxing [10]  “If Carroll is feeling as low as I think he is, what better thing could Hodgson than let him take out his anger on the Italians?” [23]  Rodgers‟ temper only subsided at The Emirates in midweek where the rollicking transformed his slackers into a formidable force again in a 2-2 draw with Arsenal [24]  And he has been told by City boss Roberto Mancini, 47, and other football chiefs that he needs to cool his temperament [19]  Mario turns to religion to calm his bad temper [19] Anger is insanity  “Lewis is making it very clear he‟s serious about making it work but he‟s still hanging on Nicole‟s decision It‟s driving him crazy.” [21]  He might never discover the identity of the guilty party and it will drive him mad [5]  Nicolas Cocaign, whose face is plastered with tattoos, claims he flew into an "uncontrollable" rage when his victim, Thierry Baudry, is said to have given him a "dirty look" [11]  Southampton - Sunderland 1: Dani Osvaldo drives 'em wild [1] II Anger is a burden Paolo Di Canio angrily shrugged off the fury over his political beliefs yesterday [28] Anger is a natural force  FORMER Manchester United and England star Phil Neville "erupted" when his father admitted to him he had cheated on his mother, a court heard [12] Anger is a dangerous animal  The anger, the snarling, the shouting, the swearing was all linked in to a desire for the Union Jack to be burnt and extinguished from Scotland forever [29]  David Moyes unleashed his anger on his Manchester United players following the 4-1 defeat at Manchester City [31] Anger is a container  But the court heard Worvell answered the door and then allegedly flew into a rage before stabbing Mr Sutton nine times with a 15cm kitchen knife [2] Anger is an object  Fans inside Old Trafford couldn't hide their anger, neither could those watching from afar [30]  I‟ve got so much tension and anger inside me that I want to throw at Senchenko but I can‟t throw it at him [6] Anger is an opponent  His bitching session prompted Ashleigh, 25, to launch into a foul-mouthed rant as she struggled to contain her rage [29] III APPENDIX II Conceptual metaphors denoting “anger” in the cand.com.vn (2012-2013) from Cognitive Semantics Perspectives STRUCTURAL METAPHORS Anger is fire  Những cơng kích số người làm báo dành cho Hội đồng duyệt…đã đổ thêm dầu vào lửa cho đối đầu kể [50] (Journalists‟ disparagement over examining boards added fuel to the fire…)  Lửa ghen, giận lòng Mỹ nhen nhúm thổi bùng lên [55] (The anger inside Ms.My kept smoldering and then burning up)  Ánh mắt hừng hực lửa hận thù, cháy bừng lên quyết tâm cho chiến công lý…mạng đền mạng! [51] (Fury are burning in her eyes to fight for justice)  Cơn giận dữ, ghen tng chị bốc lên, hố thành lửa thiêu sống tình địch [49] (The rising of her anger and jealousy is changed into fire consuming her love rival) Anger is a hot fluid in a container  Cơn tức tối sôi lên, chúng tiếp tục xông vào người lão [53] (When the anger reached its boiling point, they continue rushing toward him) Lúc nhìn thấy cảnh tượng ấy, máu nóng người Trọng bốc lên [48] (Witness that sight made Trong‟s blood reached its boiling point)  Cả đêm hôm trằn trọc nghĩ ngợi, Phong lại sôi máu lên [58] (Just thinking about that thing makes Phong‟s blood boils)  Cơn ghen tức lên đến đỉnh điểm, nhìn quanh quất nhà trọ, khơng có để Qn phát tiết giận, ngoại trừ cậu trai vừa 18 tháng tuổi [42] IV (Quan‟s anger reaches its boiling point, looking around the renting room, there is nothing for him to let go of anger but his 18-month-old son)  Trọng lại nghĩ đến người cha tội nghiệp, nghĩ đến cảnh mẹ Trọng thiếu tôn trọng bố, nỗi uất nghẹn lên tận cổ [48] (Again, Trong thinks about how disrespectful his mother treats his pity father and his anger reached its boiling point)  Bao nhiêu tức giận dồn nén lâu ùa về, Thảo khó chịu người nhìn đứa trai mà nước mắt trôi dài [44] (So much anger inside her for a long time made Thao feel uncomfortable, her tears kept falling when she looked at her son)  Nỗi uất hận không giải tỏa lâu ngày ấp ủ trở thành thù hận lòng [48] (The fury which stored for long times turns into the revenge in his heart)  Nỗi cay đắng, uất ức lẫn niềm ân hận dốc ngược vào [36] (He kept all the anger, bitter and resentment inside)  Mỗi nghĩ đến chuyện bị cắm sừng lại cảm thấy danh dự bị xúc phạm ghê gớm nên không kiềm chế giận [57] (For being disrespected, he feels offended then keeps his anger out of control)  Đầu chị muốn nổ tung câu hỏi… [40] (Her head is exploded by a number of questions)  Những mâu thuẫn chất chứa lâu ngày cộng với coi thường, hỗn láo vài câu thách đố người em gái khiến cho người anh trai “tức nước vỡ bờ”, cầm sắt nhọn đâm em tử vong…[46] (The brother exploded with rage after hearing his little sister‟s rude sayings)  Khi đứa chứng kiến cha đánh đập mẹ […] căm phẫn bị tích tụ để ngày bùng phát [43] (Anger after being accumulated for long times would explode at some days)  Thực ra, Tuấn “bạc” bảo, nhiều bị “anh” ép tức nổ máu mắt, nên ngậm bồ làm [35] V  Sau hồi cảnh giác, tức giận trút tràng bực dọc biết chúng tơi PV, ơng Cái Trọng Như - Phó Chủ tịch xã Lộc Trì thận trọng, gay gắt chia sẻ…[56] (Mr.Cái Trọng Như – the Vice president of Loc Tri province vented his anger over us reporters  Dĩ nhiên, bị chê, nếu có trao đổi lại, chí có “nhảy dựng lên” chuyện bình thường [60] (If being criticized, “going up in the air” is as usual)  Thế nhưng, lời khuyên ngăn “nhạc mẫu” chẳng thể làm nguôi ngoai giận anh rể có “ma men” người [61] (However, his mother-in-law‟s advice couldn‟t cool the drunken son-in-law‟s anger) Anger is insanity  Phát điên bị cha dượng hành hạ [34] (She flew into the uncontrollable rage for being ill-treated by her stepfather)  Nghe nói vậy, bà điên tiết lên: "Tổ cha mày! Tái chế tái chế nhơm, nhựa, giấy, pate tái Chẳng lẽ hầm lại, bán cho mày ăn?" [32] (Her son‟s sayings drive her mad: “…”)  Nếu chị êm ấm nhiều người phụ nữ khác, chị có thực hành động rồ dại không [42] (If she is lived happily, she won‟t act wildly like that)  Thế phút khơng tự chủ, Mỵ nhiên thành kẻ giết người [52] (Ms My became a murderer after having lost her control) Anger is a burden  Thằng Hiệp biết giết vợ cho giận, có biết đâu đằng sau cịn biết bao người thân phải gánh chịu nỗi đau [54] (Mr.Hiep only killed his wife so that he could perceive a sense of release) VI  Trước hất xong để thỏa mãn giận, Cường vào nhà [47] (After Cuong had thrown acid in her face, he felt a sense of release)  Nỗi uất hận không giải tỏa lâu ngày ấp ủ trở thành thù hận lòng [47] (The resentment which stored for long times turns into the revenge in his heart) Anger is a natural force  Những Hải tận mắt chứng kiến khơng thể kìm hãm giận cuộn trào chị [49] (Things Hai saw couldn‟t control her anger which was bursting inside her)  Cơn sóng từ lâu kìm hãm lịng chị bật tung sơi sục [49] (The wave of anger was kept inside her for long times was burst) Anger is a dangerous animal  Bởi vậy, gái mại dâm dại chống đối Cảnh sát, đừng nói đến hành động cắn gần đứt tay đồng chí Cơng an làm nhiệm vụ [34] ( bite a police‟s finger)  Ông im lặng,khơng gầm lên thú, khơng túm tóc xé áo kiểu ghen tng thường hay có, ông gật đầu liên tục [53] (He kept silence, didn‟t roar as an animal, not claw hairs or tear clothes as usual jealousy has, he kept nodding)  Ban đêm, người chìm vào giấc ngủ, ơng rống lên thú rừng [38] (At night, when all people slept, he roared as a wild animal) Anger is an object  Gia đình Jane Doe khơng giấu phẫn nộ nhìn lại lần cảnh quay [39] (Jane Doe‟s family couldn‟t hide their rage when they saw these videos again) VII ONTOLOGICAL METAPHORS The eyes is a container  Nỗi căm giận ứa trào từ khóe mắt người cán xét hỏi [37] (Anger was poured out of the officer‟s eyes) Internal organs are containers  Căm thù tận tim gan, dù tuổi nhở bà xin làm mật báo viên cho Việt Minh [33] (Hatred from the heart, she volunteered to be a spy for Viet Minh despite of young age) The mind is a container  Nỗi tức giận kèm theo nhục nhã ngự trị hoàn toàn suy nghĩ [57] (Anger and disgrace dominate in his mind) The voice is a container  Lúc đầu, anh Hải nghĩ chuyện bình thường, nghe thấy giọng nói đầy hằn học Cường hiểu chuyện mối quan hệ bí mật bị bại lộ [57] (At first, Mr Hai still kept thinking that everything was as usual, but when he heard Cuong‟s anger-filled voice, he understood everything about this revealed relationship) ORIENTATIONAL METAPHORS Anger is up, cooling anger is down  Cơn giận dữ, ghen tuông chị bốc lên, hố thành lửa thiêu sống tình địch [49] (The rising of her anger and jealousy is changed into fire consuming her love rival)  Cơn tức giận lên, Cường lôi vợ đánh đập, vặn hỏi mối quan hệ [57] VIII (The building up of anger made Cuong hit his wife and asked about that relationship)  Cơn tức giận chưa kịp hạ xuống tiếp tục bùng lên [45] (Anger has no time to lower and then surge again) IX ... LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES o0o TRẦN THỊ MINH YẾN CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS DENOTING ? ?ANGER? ?? IN THE DAILYSTAR. CO. UK AND CAND. COM. VN (2012- 2013) FROM COGNITIVE. .. Title: ? ?Conceptual metaphors denoting ? ?anger? ?? in the dailystar. co. uk and cand. com. vn (2012- 2013) from Cognitive Semantics Perspectives” I certificate that no part of the above report has been copied... When the container explodes, what was inside the container comes out Accordingly, the fluid gradually falls and becomes cool if there is no heat in the container anymore By that imagination, there