Unit 7: Population I. Grammar 1. Conditional sentences Loại 1: Công thức : IF S + V (hiện tại) , S + WILL ( CAN, MAY) + V (nguyên mẫu) Cách dùng: Chỉ sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. Ví dụ: If it is sunny, I will go swimming. ( nếu trời nắng, tôi sẽ đi bơi) Loại 2: Công thức : IF S + V (quá khứ) , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) + V (nguyên mẫu) ( be luôn dùng were dù chủ từ số ít hay nhiều ) Cách dùng: Chỉ sự việc không thể hoặc khó có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. Ví dụ: If I were you, I would go abroad. ( nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ đi nước ngoài) Chuyện này không thể xảy ra được vì tôi đâu thể nào biến thành bạn được. Loại 3: Công thức : IF S +HAD +P.P , S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) HAVE + P.P Cách dùng: Chỉ sự việc đã không xảy ra ở quá khứ. Ví dụ: If I hadn’t been absent yesterday, I would have met him. ( nếu hôm qua tôi không vắng mặt thì tôi đã gặp anh ta rồi) => nhưng thực sự tôi đã vắng mặt LƯU Ý: + Unless = if … not : trừ phi 2. Conditional sentences in reported speech (Câu điều kiện ở dạng tường thuật) - Khi tường thật câu điều kiện loại 1, ta thay đổi thì của động từ bằng cách lui về quá khứ. Không thay đổi thì đối với câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3 Eg) Loại 1: He said: “If I catch the plane, I’ll be home by five” => He said that if he caught the plane, he would be home by five Loại 2: “If I had a permit, I could get a job”, he said => He said that if he had a permit, he could get a job Loại 3: “If she had loved Tom, she wouldn’t have left him”, he said => He said that if she had loved Tom, she wouldn’t have left him - If clause + mệnh đề, yêu cầu, đề nghị: dùng tell, ask sb to do st…chuyển mệnh đề If về cuối câu Eg) “If you have time, wash the floor”, he said Hoặc: “If you have time, would you wash the floor?”, he said => He told (asked) me to wash the floor if I had time - If clause + lời khuyên: Dùng advise sb to do st, chuyển mệnh đề if về cuối câu Eg) “If you fell ill, why don’t you go to bed”, she said Hoặc: “If you fell ill, you’d better go to bed”, she said => She advise me to go to bed if I felt ill - If clause + câu hỏi: Chuyển mệnh đề if về cuối câu 1 Eg) “If the baby is a girl, what will they call her?” he wondered => He wondered what they would call the baby if it was a gir II. Practice UNIT 7: WORLD POPULATION A. PHONETIC I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words. 1) A. probably B. population C. gold D. hospital 2) A. smallest B. best C. longest D. biggest 3) A. mountain B. ground C. blouse D. soup II. Choose the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other words. 4) A. instead B. interesting C. expected D. resources 5) A. figure B. double C. different D. support 6) A. research B. decrease C. available D. government B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR I. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. 7) The teaching of history shouldn’t be to date and figures. A. limiting B. limitation C. limit D. limited 8) We don’t have the . to update our computer software. A. sources B. resources C. funds D. origins 9) One third of the world’s . consumes two thirds of the world resources. A. people B. men C. population D. human 10) The practice of controlling the number of children a person has, using various methods of contraception is called . A. family planningB. birth control C. population D. A & B 11) When a person has an infectious disease, he is from other people. A. isolated B. limited C. separated D. confined 12) Since the early 1990s Viet Nam has experienced . growth but the differences between the lives of the rich and the poor have been greater. A. population B. economic C. educational D. financial 13) A person who has moved from one place to another especially to find work. A. emigrant B. immigrant C. migrant D. A & C 14) What’s the of your country? A. populate B. population C. populous D. popular 15) If the ball the line, that would have been the end of the game. A. would cross B. will cross C. had crossed D. crossed 16) If someone knocked a candle over, it a fire. A. will start B. started C. would start D. would have started 17) If you . told us about the bad service, we would have eaten there. A. hadn’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. wouldn’t have 18) What would Tom do if he . the truth? A. would know B. knows C. had known D. knew 19) If I you were sick. I would have called sooner. A. knew B. had known C. know D. would have known 20) If there . a row, I’m going to keep out of it. A. will be B. is C. were D. had been 21) If I . you, I’d call and apologise. A. am B. were C. would be D. was 22) Jack will win the election if he . harder. A. will campaign B. would campaignC. campaigned D. campaigns II. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting. 23) If you were here yesterday, you would have seen Jean. 2 A B C D 24) We should visit that part of the country if it will be spring. A B C D 25) If I will make a difficult decision, I always discuss it with my friends. A B C D 26) We could had done more if we had had more time A B C D 27) He said that if he has more time, he would come to see us. A B C D III. Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct form. 28) If someone (walk) in here with a gun, I would be very frightened. 29) I’m sure he (understand) if you explain the situation to her. 30) If she hadn’t walked to the meeting, she (not be) . late. 31) He always (complain) if I’m late. 32) If he spoke more clearly, we (understand) . him. 33) If the woman (say) what she wanted, I wouldn’t have put the phone down. 34) If they arrived in time, they (see) . the ceremony. 35) If you (ask) me, I would explain it to you. II. Rewrite the following sentences, using unless instead of if 36) If you didn’t agree with him, Charles wouldn’t even suggest it 37) We can’t write to Mr. Anderson if he doesn’t send us his address. 38) Water these plants or they will die. 39) If you don’t study harder, you are going to fail the exam. 40) I won’t say anything if Tom doesn’t bring up the matter himself. 41) Without water , we can’t live. 42) I wouldn’t have believed it if I hadn’t seen it with my own eyes. 43) Our dog wouldn’t have baked if he hadn’t heard a strange noise. C. READING Read the passage and choose one correct answer for each question. The nuclear family, consisting of a mother, father, and their children may be more an American ideal than an American reality. Of course, the so-called traditional American family was always more varied than we had been led to believe, reflecting the very different racial, ethnic, class, and religious customs among different American groups. The most recent government statistics reveal that only about one third of all current American families fit the traditional mold and another third consists of married couples who either have no children or have none still living at home. Of the final one third, about 20 percent of the total number of American households is single people, usually women over sixty-five years of age. A small percentage, about 3 percent of the total, consists of unmarried people who choose to live together; and the rest, about 7 percent, are single, usually divorced parents, with at least one child. 44) With what topic is the passage mainly concerned? A. the traditional American family B. The nuclear family. C. The ideal family. D. The current American family. 45) The writer implies that . A. there has always been a wide variety of family arrangements in the U.S B. racial, ethnic, and religious groups have preserved the traditional family structure. C. the ideal American is the best structure. D. fewer married couples are having children. 46) Who generally constitutes a one-person household? A. A single man in his twenties B. A single woman in her late sixties C. An elderly man D. A divorced woman. 3 47) According to the passage, married couples whose children have grown or who have no children represent . A. 7 percent of households B. 20 percent of households C. 33,3 percent of households D. 3 percent of households 48) The word current in line 7 is closest in meaning to . A. present B. contemporary C. now D. modern D. WRITING I. Arrange these words or groups of words in the correct order. 49) phone number/ call/ her/ I/ if/ you/ me/ her/ give/ will . 50) had/ money/ I/ If/ had/ the/ ,/ bought/ new/ would/ suit/ I/ have/ a . 51) population/of/ has/the/modern/ increased/ times/more/The/ in/ world 52) of/ limits/are/ also/ the/ resources/ amounts/ There/ to/ natural . 53) methods/for/Safe/are/available/them/to/birth-control/family planning . II. Change the following conditional sentences into reported speech. 54) “If I had the day off tomorrow, I would go to the beach ” she said. 55) “If I had a million dollars right now, I would retire,” the man said to her 56) “If the weather is good, we probably will go to the beach,”they said to me. 57) “I would have spoken to Frank if I had seen him yesterday,” the man said to his wife. 58) “If the weather had been better, we would have left on Friday morning,” I said. 59) “That student would get much higher marks if he studied harder,” the teacher said. 60). “If there had been any complaints, we would have heard about them,” they said. 4 . Unit 7: Population I. Grammar 1. Conditional sentences Loại 1: Công thức : IF. => He wondered what they would call the baby if it was a gir II. Practice UNIT 7: WORLD POPULATION A. PHONETIC I. Choose the word whose underlined part