Unit 4 THE MASS MEDIA

UNIT THE MASS MEDIA (TRUYỀN THÔNG ĐẠI CHÚNG) A VOCABULARY New words addicted /əˈdɪktɪd/ (adj) Meaning nghiện Picture Example You shouldn't be addicted to social media Nghiện mạng xã hội điều bạn khơng nên làm advent /ˈỉdvent/ (n) đời/ tới kiện quan trọng The advent of technology made people' life become easier and more convenient Sự đời công nghệ khiến cho sống người trở nên dễ dàng thuận tiện app (= application) /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n) ứng dụng connect /kəˈnekt/ (v) kết nối You can use many apps when buying this smartphone Bạn sử dụng nhiều ứng dụng mua điện thoại thông minh They use the Internet to connect with their friends and family Họ sử dụng mạng Internet để kết nối với bạn bè gia đình họ cyberbullying /ˈsaɪbəbʊliɪŋ/ (n) khủng bố qua mạng Internet Many Internet users delete their social accounts because of cyberbullying Nạn khủng bố qua mạng Internet khiến nhiều người dùng xóa bỏ tài khoản xã hội họ documentary /ˌdɒkjuˈmentri/ (n) phim tài liệu There is a television documentary about the future of nuclear power tonight Tối có phim tài liệu truyền hình tương lai lượng hạt nhân dominant /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ (adj) thống trị, có ưu hơn, chủ yếu The dominant mode of communication for the students at this school is social networking Phương thức giao tiếp chủ yếu sinh viên trường mạng xã hội efficient có hiệu /ɪˈfɪʃnt/ (adj) I suppose that online advertising is more efficient than TV ads Tôi cho quảng cáo trực tuyến hiệu quảng cáo ti vi emerge /ɪˈmɜːdʒ/ (v) vượt trội, bật, lên Many business opportunities will emerge with recent advances in technology Nhiều hội kinh doanh lên theo tiến công nghệ gần fivefold /ˈfaɪvfəʊld/ gấp lần (adj, adv) There was a fivefold rise in the number of mobile phone users from 2000 to 2005 Số lượng người dùng điện thoại di động tăng gấp năm lần từ năm 2000 đến nam 2005 leaflet /ˈliːflət/ (n) tờ rơi They are handing out leaflets to passers-by Họ phát tờ rơi cho người qua đường microblogging việc (cá nhân) Microblogging is writing brief /ˈmaɪkrəʊblɒɡɪŋ/ thường xuyên entries about the daily activities (n) gửi tin nhắn/ of an individual or company hình ảnh/ video Viết microblog viết mục ngắn gọn hoạt động hàng ngày cá nhân công ty lên mạng xã hội để cộng đồng mạng biết hoạt động người đăng tin pie chart biểu đồ tròn The pie chart shows the number of Internet users in the USA in 2000 /ˈpaɪ tʃɑːt/ (n) Biểu đồ tròn thể số lượng người dùng Internet Hoa Kỳ năm 2000 social networking /ˌsəʊʃl ˈnetwɜːkɪŋ/ (n) mạng xã hội Social networking has influenced young people's way of life Mạng xã hội ảnh hưởng đến cách sống giới trẻ subscribe đặt mua dài hạn She subscribed to some kinds of newspapers /səbˈskraɪb/ (v) Cô đặt mua dài hạn số loại báo tablet PC máy tính bảng My father bought me a tablet PC last year /ˌtỉblət ˌpiː ˈsiː/ Bố mua cho tơi máy tính bảng vào năm ngối (n) B GRAMMAR I THE PAST PERFECT TENSE (QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH) cấu trúc (Form) Affirmative (Khẳng định) S + had + PP Negative (Phủ định) S + had + not + PP Interrogative (Nghi vấn) Had + S + PP ? I had gone to the bank before I came back home I hadn't gone to the bank before I came back home Had you gone the bank before I came back home? Cách dùng (Use) - Thì QKHT dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy trước thời điểm khứ hay hành động khác khứ (Nếu có hai hành động hành động xảy trước dùng QKHT cịn hành động xảy sau dùng QKĐ) E.g: - I had worked here before 2000 (trước thời điểm khứ) - They had left here before I arrived, (trước hành động khác khứ) Hai giới từ before after dùng khứ hoàn thành: S + past perfect + before + S + past simple E.g: I had gone to the library before I went home S + past simple + after + S+ past perfect E.g: Nga went home after she had gone to the store Mệnh đề có before after đứng đầu cuối câu sau before phải simple past sau after thiết phải past perfect Before after thay when phải có hành động: trước sau E.g: When I arrived, the film had already started ■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN Bài 1: Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect simple) The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) He (not / be) to Cape Town before 1997 When she went out to play, she (do / already) her homework My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) I could not remember the poem we (learn) 10 She (not / ride) the week before The children collected the chestnuts that (fall) (he / phone) six weeks before from the tree Angie before he went to see her in London? a horse before that day Bài 2: Choose the best answer By the time Hoa me, I had already finished updating my social networking profile A phoned B had phoned I my homework a long time ago A finished B had finished I of it until you mentioned it A didn't hear B hadn't heard I enough time to finish the exam yesterday A didn't have If I B hadn't had , I'd have helped A knew B had known If I how to use this computer, I'd tell you A knew B had known No sooner than I realised what was going on A did I arrive B had I arrived Until last month, I it before A didn't try B hadn't tried Bài 3: Choose the correct time or quantity expressions used with the past perfect tense How (much/long) had you owned this mobile phone before you bought a new smartphone? I had (yet/already) finished my phone call by the time my classmate Mai arrived Minh hadn't finished his essay (when/by) the time the submission deadline came The form teacher had requested that all the exercises should be completed (as soon as/before Friday How (much/long) had you been on the computer before it froze? They had exchanged emails and instant messages long (after/before) they met face to face I had always wanted to own a new tablet PC (so/as) I bought one today! Bài 4: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense - Past Perfect or Past Simple After Nam (to spend) his holiday in France he Tim (to phone) Lisa at work before she Susan After Bill I 10 They (to wash) the dishes (to arrive) the match After the man She (to leave) for her trip (to turn on) the radio after she When she Before he (to want) to learn French already (to come) home he (to start) (to feed) the cat (to sing) a song he (to play) the guitar (to watch) a video after the children (to make) breakfast he (to go) to bed (to phone) his friend (to be) very tired because I (to study) too much (to ride) their bikes before they (to meet) their friends Bài 5: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense- Past simple, past continuous or past perfect After they They When I (have) a cup of tea, they (buy) this flat two years ago (watch) TV, the lights He (tell) me that he He (go) to France last year After he She (have) some cake (go) out (see) a lion (call) the police, he (wash) her hair when her baby (call) the ambulance (start) to cry 8 After he He (work) hard, he (leave) the room after I 10 After he 13 He 14 When I (explain) all the facts (find) the key, he 11 While he 12 They (feel) ill (open) the door (play) computer games, she (read) (sell) everything before they (move) to Glasgow (visit) me yesterday evening (clean) the room, Mary 15 After he (finish) school, he (come) home (start) to work in a factory II PREPOSITIONS AFTER CERTAIN VERBS (GIỚI TỪ THEO SAU MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ) Một số động từ thường có giới từ kèm theo sau  ABOUT - Agree about sth: đồng ý, đồng tình điều / agree on sth E.g: We agree about the need for change, (on) (Chúng đồng ý nhu cầu thay đổi.) - Argue about sth: tranh luận/ tranh cãi điều E.g: We argued about spending money (Chúng tranh cãi việc tiêu tiền.) - Care about sb/ sth: quan tâm, ý đến ai/ điều E.g: She did not care about other people (Cô ta không quan tâm đến người khác.) He cares deeply about environmental issues (Anh ta quan tâm đến vấn đề môi trường.) - Complain about sth: phàn nàn, kêu ca điều E.g: He complained about the poor quality of service he had received in this hotel (Anh ta phàn nàn chất lượng dịch vụ cỏi mà nhận khách sạn này) - Forget about sth: qn điều E.g: She forgets about calling US (Cơ qn gọi chúng tơi.) - Talk about: nói về/ bàn E.g: She is talking about getting married (Cơ ta nói việc kết hơn.) - Think about: nghĩ về, xem xét E.g: We think about money (Chúng nghĩ tiền bạc) - worry about: lo lắng E.g: He's always worrying about his weight (Anh ln lo lắng cân nặng mình.) - dream about: mơ E.g: I dreamt about you last night (Tối qua mơ thấy bạn.)  AGAINST - decide against sth/ doing sth ~ decide not to sth: định chống lại điều gì/ định khơng làm E.g: They decided against taking legal action (Họ định chống lại tố tụng) - warn (sb) against sb/ sth: cảnh báo/ cảnh cáo (ai) ai/ điều gì, khơng nên làm E.g: He warned us against pickpockets, (ông cảnh báo kẻ móc túi.) The guidebook warns against walking alone at night (Quyển sách hướng dẫn cảnh báo không vào ban đêm.)  AFTER - look after - take care of: chăm sóc, trơng nom E.g: I will look after your children (Tơi chăm sóc bạn)  AT - excel at sth: trội, xuất sắc E.g: He excels at playing chess (Anh chơi cờ xuất sắc) - laugh at: cười ai/ điều E.g: You never laugh at my jokes! (Cậu chưa cười tớ kể chuyện cả!) - rejoice at sth: mừng rỡ, vui mừng điều E.g: They rejoiced at hearing the news (Họ mừng nghe tin)  FOR - apologize for sth: xin lỗi điều E.g: I apologized for being late (Tơi xin lỗi đến muộn) We apologize for the late departure of this flight (Chúng xin lỗi chậm trễ chuyến bay) - care for sb -take care of sb: chăm sóc bị ốm, người già trẻ em E.g: He is caring for three orphans in this area (Anh chăm sóc ba đứa trẻ mồ cơi khu này) - care for sb/ sth: thích, yêu mến ai/ điều E.g: He cared for her more than she realized (Anh yêu cô nhiều cô nhận ra) - stand for sth: chữ viết tắt gì; đại diện cho gì; tha thứ cho điều gì; ủng hộ điều E.g: Doves stand for peace (Bồ câu tượng trưng cho hịa bình.) I wouldn't stand for that sort of behaviour from him, if I were you (Nếu tơi bạn tơi khơng tha thứ cho cách cư xử anh ta.) - wait for sb/ sth: đợi ai/ điều E.g: I have been waiting for her for over 30 minutes (Tôi đợi cô ba mươi phút)  FROM - keep from sth: ngăn cản, nén, kiêng, nhịn, nín She could hardly keep from laughing (Cơ khó mà nhịn cười.) - recover from sth: phục hồi, hồi phục E.g: He recovered from his operation (Anh hồi phục sau phẫu thuật) - suffer from sth: chịu đựng, bị, đau E.g: He suffers from asthma (Anh ta bị bệnh hen suyễn.) - refrain from sth: ngăn cản, ngừng, kìm lại, nhịn khơng làm E.g: Please refrain from smoking (Vui lịng ngừng hút thuốc.)  IN - believe in: tin tưởng, tin ai/ E.g: Do you believe in God? (Bạn có tin vào Chúa khơng?) - deal in sth: buôn bán E.g: The company deals in computer software (Cơng ty bn bán phần mềm máy tính) - engage in sth: tham gia, tiến hành làm E.g: Even in prison, he continued to engage in criminal activities (Ngay tù, tiếp tục tham gia vào hoạt động tội phạm.) - participate/ take part + in sth: tham gia vào E.g: They will participate in running the race (Họ tham gia vào chạy đua) - result in sth: gây ra, dẫn đến, đưa đến E.g: His recklessness resulted in failure (Sự liều lĩnh dẫn đến thất bại.) - specialize in sth: chuyên về, trở thành chuyên gia về, tiếng E.g:The shop specializes in hand-made chocolates (Cửa hàng chuyên bán sôcôla tự làm.) - succeed in sth: thành cơng việc làm E.g: He succeeded in winning the race (Anh thắng đua)  OF - approve of: tán thành, chấp thuận, lòng E.g: They didn't approve of his actions (Họ không tán thành hành động anh ta) - dream of: mơ ước điều (lúc bạn thức) E.g: I dreamt of being an English teacher (Tôi mơ ước trở thành giáo viên Tiếng Anh.) - take care of: chăm sóc, trơng nom E.g: You should take better care of yourself (Bạn nên chăm sóc thân tốt hơn) - think of: nghĩ tới, nhớ tới, tưởng tượng E.g: That's a good idea Why didn't I think of that? (Ý kiến hay Tại không nghĩ tới nhỉ?)  OFF - call off ~ cancel: hủy bỏ E.g: He called off playing the game in the rain (Anh dừng chơi trò chơi mưa) The game was called off because of bad weather (Trò chơi bị hủy bỏ thời tiết xấu) - put off ~ delay: trì hỗn E.g: Perhaps we should put off the trip to Ha Long Bay A big storm is coming (Có lẽ nên tạm hoãn chuyến Vịnh Hạ Long Một bão lớn đến.)  OVER think over: xem xét, cân nhắc kỹ lưỡng trước đưa định E.g: He'd like more time to think things over (Anh cần thêm thời gian để cân nhắc) - talk over: thảo luận tỉ mỉ điều E.g: You'll find it helpful to talk things over with a friend (Bạn thấy hữu ích thảo luận thứ với bạn bè.)  ON - agree on sth: đồổng ý việc E.g: We agreed on renting the house (Chúng đồng ý cho thuê nhà) - concentrate on: tập trung E.g: She gave up German in order to concentrate on her French (Cô từ bỏ tiếng Đức để tập trung vào tiếng Pháp) - depend on: phụ thuộc E.g: We depend on getting help (Chúng phụ thuộc vào việc giúp đỡ) - go on: tiếp tục E.g: Will you go on working? (Bạn tiếp tục làm việc chứ?) - insiston: khăng khăng E.g: He insisted on his innocence (Anh ta khăng khăng thân vô tội) - keep on: tiếp tục E.g: We keep on working (Chúng tiếp tục làm việc) - plan on: có ý định/ dự định làm E.g: We hadn't planned on going anywhere this evening (Chúng dự định đâu tối cả.) - rely on: tin cậy vào, dựa vào, tin vào E.g: You should rely on your own judgement (Bạn nên tin vào phán đoán thân.)  TO - adjust to sth ~ adapt to: thích nghi với E.g: I have adjusted to living in the U.S (Tôi phải thích nghi với sống Mỹ.) - agree to sth: đồng tình, tán thành, đồng ý với việc E.g: Do you think he'll agree to their proposal? (Bạn có nghĩ tán thành lời đề nghị?) - look forward to: mong đợi, chờ đợi E.g: I look forward to seeing you (Tôi mong gặp bạn.) - object to: chống đối, phản E.g: Many local people object to the building of the new airport (Rất nhiều người dân địa phương phản đối việc xây dựng sân bay mới)  WITH - agree with sb/ sth: đồng tình, đồng ý với ai/ điều E.g: I agree with her analysis of the situation (Tơi đồng tình với phân tích tình này.) - mess with sb/ sth: can thiệp vào, xía vào, dính vào ■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN Bài 6: Choose the best answer He has decided not to apply A for B to They discussed A to that job he saw advertised C on many important questions during the meeting B on C no preposition Tom likes his job but he doesn't talk A of I looked A at B about C no preposition B up C after B for 10 I talked A for B of C on D in C about D on C of D in ? B about being late because of the heavy traffic B in C of D about C about D to her about this matter B of 11 My husband specializes A for D for ghosts? The IT specialists apologised A for D in my mother when she was sick What were they arguing A at C for my books everywhere but I couldn't find them anywhere Do you believe A in computer software B about C in D.of 12 The course in this school appeals me the most A by C to B on 13 He's always boasting A about C at B at B to D for migraine headaches C for 15 How are you feeling? Have you recovered A from D of the one time he was on TV! B on 14 Poor Linda! She suffers A to D for anyone except himself B about My father cared A to D about it much Nam is so selfish He doesn't care A of D of D from your operation yet? C on D at Bài 7: Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition Don't worry your exam! Everything will be OK I've waited him for 30 minutes I'm going home Stop talking and concentrate Don't forget to pay your work the meal He explained the answer me I don't know what I will at the weekend It depends She will arrive the weather New York at p.m I like to listen music when I have free time He borrowed this book his brother 10 Who does this car belong ? ■ BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO Bài 8: Change the following compound sentences into complex sentences He's a good friend and very helpful - you can always rely A on B for him C with D to Accommodation was so expensive in Switzerland I spent all my money A at B for You can confide A for D to me if you have a personal problem you need to discuss B in He's always boasting A to C on C on D at how good a guitarist he is B about C on D at My boss has just resigned I don't think he could cope A to B with The online game is aimed A for the pressure C on D by teenagers and young adults B in C at D on My wife has passed her driving test and has applied A in B at My grandfather suffered A from Do you believe A for D for C in D of C on D in arthritis B.on life after death? B at B on 11 The careers officer will provide you A by 12 I always turn A for her license C to 10 I liked English at school, but I was terrible A for hotels B in French C in D at all the relevant information about the job C with D at my father for advice He's like a wise owl B to C on Bài 9: Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition D by I need you to explain Mary the lesson It's a bad problem, so you should something I thought it (to resolve something) you when I heard that song They are thinking going to Nha Trang for holiday I'm sorry to hear your accident He blamed me the accident He blamed the accident They will provide us me all the necessary information soon Bài 10: Complete the following sentences with the verbs either in Past Simple or Past Perfect Tense After we it on the phone, I Before we Bin to the theatre, he By the time we He I a stage play before (take, never see) , the football match to the job in an hour, but he still (arrive, finish) by o'clock (promise, not finish) the carpet when the dog in and shook himself (just clean, come) By the time I I him an email about it (discuss, write) , the concert the shop as soon as I They We (arrive, finish) the contents of the box (ring, check) the door before I there (lock, get) a good rest when our guests 10 When she the office this morning, Tom (have, leave) out (ring, already go) Bài 11: Complete the e-mail with suitable prepositions If no preposition is necessary, write “x” in the gap Hi Daisy, Have you heard from Tim recently? I telephone (1) him last week and also sent (2) him an e-mail but he hasn't replied I want to apologize (3) him (4) forgetting to water his plants while he was away He left me the keys to his room but I completely forgot I don't suppose he'll ever rely (5) me for anything after this! re you going to take part (6) the music concert at the end of the term? I am Rehearsals start this week and I'm going to sing a traditional song from my country I think it's a great way to make friends (7) people I wouldn't meet otherwise By the way, I must congratulate you (8) your test results! I wish somebody would explain (9) me how to get an A on a test! Seriously, though, you worked hard and you deserve it Take care, Lisa  ... write) , the concert the shop as soon as I They We (arrive, finish) the contents of the box (ring, check) the door before I there (lock, get) a good rest when our guests 10 When she the office... soon Bài 10: Complete the following sentences with the verbs either in Past Simple or Past Perfect Tense After we it on the phone, I Before we Bin to the theatre, he By the time we He I a stage... too much (to ride) their bikes before they (to meet) their friends Bài 5: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense- Past simple, past continuous or past perfect After they They When I (have)