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AN INTERNATIONAL CODE 2013 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code 2013 Edition July 1, 2013 V NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee on Nondestructive Examination Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards and it is an American National Standard The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the publicat-large ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals The endnotes in this document (if any) are part of this American National Standard ASME collective membership mark Certification Mark The above ASME symbol is registered in the U.S Patent Office “ASME” is the trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers The Specifications published and copyrighted by the American Society for Testing and Materials are reproduced with the Society’s permission No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56 3934 Printed in the United States of America Adopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2013 The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016 5990 Copyright © 2013 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved No further reproduction or distribution is permitted Date of Issuance: July 1, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Sections Foreword Statement of Policy on the Use of the Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising Statement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees Personnel ASTM Personnel Summary of Changes List of Changes in Record Number Order Cross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code xv xvii xix xix xx xxii xxxvii xxxviii xlii xliv Subsection A Nondestructive Methods of Examination Article T-110 T-120 T-130 T-150 T-160 T-170 T-180 T-190 General Requirements Scope General Equipment Procedure Calibration Examinations and Inspections Evaluation Records/Documentation 1 2 3 3 Mandatory Appendix I Glossary of Terms for Nondestructive Examination Nonmandatory Appendix A Imperfection vs Type of NDE Method Radiographic Examination Scope General Requirements Equipment and Materials Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 7 7 9 14 15 Mandatory Appendix I In-Motion Radiography 16 Mandatory Appendix II Real-Time Radioscopic Examination 18 Mandatory Appendix III Digital Image Acquisition, Display, and Storage for Radiography and Radioscopy 20 Interpretation, Evaluation, and Disposition of Radiographic and Radioscopic Examination Test Results Produced by the Digital Image Acquisition and Display Process 22 Mandatory Appendix V Glossary of Terms for Radiographic Examination 24 Mandatory Appendix VI Digital Image Acquisition, Display, Interpretation, and Storage of Radiographs for Nuclear Applications 26 Mandatory Appendix VI Supplement A 29 Mandatory Appendix VII Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings 32 Article T-210 T-220 T-230 T-260 T-270 T-280 T-290 Mandatory Appendix IV iii Radiography Using Phosphor Imaging Plate 33 Mandatory Appendix IX Application of Digital Radiography 36 Nonmandatory Appendix A Recommended Radiographic Technique Sketches for Pipe or Tube Welds 39 Nonmandatory Appendix C Hole-Type IQI Placement Sketches for Welds 43 Nonmandatory Appendix D Number of IQIs (Special Cases) 48 Ultrasonic Examination Methods for Welds Scope General Equipment Miscellaneous Requirements Techniques Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 51 51 51 51 62 62 62 65 66 67 Mandatory Appendix I Screen Height Linearity 68 Mandatory Appendix II Amplitude Control Linearity 69 Mandatory Appendix III Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique 70 Mandatory Appendix IV Phased Array Manual Raster Examination Techniques Using Linear Arrays 75 Phased Array E-Scan and S-Scan Linear Scanning Examination Techniques 76 Ultrasonic Examination Requirements for Workmanship Based Acceptance Criteria 78 Ultrasonic Examination Requirements for a Fracture Mechanics Based Acceptance Criteria 80 Procedure Qualification Requirements for Flaw Sizing and Categorization 82 Nonmandatory Appendix A Layout of Vessel Reference Points 84 Nonmandatory Appendix B General Techniques for Angle Beam Calibrations 85 Nonmandatory Appendix C General Techniques for Straight Beam Calibrations 91 Nonmandatory Appendix D Examples of Recording Angle Beam Examination Data 93 Nonmandatory Appendix E Computerized Imaging Techniques 97 Nonmandatory Appendix G Alternate Calibration Block Configuration 103 Nonmandatory Appendix I Examination of Welds Using Angle Beam Search Units 106 Nonmandatory Appendix J Alternative Basic Calibration Block 107 Nonmandatory Appendix K Recording Straight Beam Examination Data for Planar Reflectors 110 Nonmandatory Appendix L TOFD Sizing Demonstration/Dual Probe — Computer Imaging Technique 111 General Techniques for Angle Beam Longitudinal Wave Calibrations 114 Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Interpretation 118 Article T-410 T-420 T-430 T-440 T-450 T-460 T-470 T-480 T-490 Mandatory Appendix V Mandatory Appendix VII Mandatory Appendix VIII Mandatory Appendix IX Nonmandatory Appendix M Nonmandatory Appendix N iv No further reproduction or distribution is permitted Mandatory Appendix VIII 138 Phased Array (PAUT) Interpretation 142 Ultrasonic Examination Methods for Materials Scope General Equipment Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 151 151 151 151 152 154 155 155 Mandatory Appendix I Ultrasonic Examination of Pumps and Valves 157 Mandatory Appendix II Inservice Examination of Nozzle Inside Corner Radius and Inner Corner Regions 158 Mandatory Appendix III Glossary of Terms for Ultrasonic Examination 159 Mandatory Appendix IV Inservice Examination of Bolts 162 Liquid Penetrant Examination Scope General Equipment Miscellaneous Requirements Technique Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 163 163 163 163 163 164 164 164 166 166 Mandatory Appendix I Glossary of Terms for Liquid Penetrant Examination 168 Mandatory Appendix II Control of Contaminants for Liquid Penetrant Examination 169 Mandatory Appendix III Qualification Techniques for Examinations at Nonstandard Temperatures 170 Magnetic Particle Examination Scope General Equipment Miscellaneous Requirements Technique Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 172 172 172 172 172 173 176 179 181 181 Magnetic Particle Examination Using the AC Yoke Technique on Ferritic Materials Coated with Nonmagnetic Coatings 183 Mandatory Appendix II Glossary of Terms for Magnetic Particle Examination 186 Mandatory Appendix III Magnetic Particle Examination Using the Yoke Technique with Fluorescent Particles in an Undarkened Area 187 Qualification of Alternate Wavelength Light Sources for Excitation of Fluorescent Particles 189 Requirements for the Use of Magnetic Rubber Techniques 191 Nonmandatory Appendix P Article T-510 T-520 T-530 T-560 T-570 T-580 T-590 Article T-610 T-620 T-630 T-640 T-650 T-660 T-670 T-680 T-690 Article T-710 T-720 T-730 T-740 T-750 T-760 T-770 T-780 T-790 Mandatory Appendix I Mandatory Appendix IV Mandatory Appendix V v No further reproduction or distribution is permitted Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique — General Examination Configurations Nonmandatory Appendix O Measurement of Tangential Field Strength with Gaussmeters 194 Eddy Current Examination Scope 195 195 Mandatory Appendix I Glossary of Terms for Eddy Current Examination 196 Mandatory Appendix II Eddy Current Examination of Nonferromagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubing 197 Mandatory Appendix III Eddy Current Examination on Coated Ferritic Materials 204 Mandatory Appendix IV External Coil Eddy Current Examination of Tubular Products 206 Mandatory Appendix V Eddy Current Measurement of Nonconductive-Nonmagnetic Coating Thickness on a Nonmagnetic Metallic Material 208 Eddy Current Detection and Measurement of Depth of Surface Discontinuities in Nonmagnetic Metals with Surface Probes 211 Eddy Current Examination of Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Conductive Metals to Determine if Flaws are Surface-Connected 214 Eddy Current Examination of Nonmagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubing 218 Visual Examination Scope General Equipment Technique Evaluation Documentation 223 223 223 224 224 224 224 Glossary of Terms for Visual Examination 225 Leak Testing Introduction 226 226 Mandatory Appendix I Bubble Test — Direct Pressure Technique 229 Mandatory Appendix II Bubble Test — Vacuum Box Technique 231 Mandatory Appendix III Halogen Diode Detector Probe Test 233 Mandatory Appendix IV Helium Mass Spectrometer Test — Detector Probe Technique 236 Mandatory Appendix V Helium Mass Spectrometer Test — Tracer Probe Technique 239 Mandatory Appendix VI Pressure Change Test 242 Mandatory Appendix VII Glossary of Terms for Leak Testing 244 Mandatory Appendix VIII Thermal Conductivity Detector Probe Test 246 Mandatory Appendix IX Helium Mass Spectrometer Test — Hood Technique 249 Mandatory Appendix X Ultrasonic Leak Detector Test 252 Nonmandatory Appendix A Supplementary Leak Testing Equation Symbols 254 Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Vessels Scope General Vessel Conditioning Equipment Calibration Evaluation Documentation 255 255 255 255 256 256 263 264 Article T-810 Mandatory Appendix VI Mandatory Appendix VII Mandatory Appendix VIII Article T-910 T-920 T-930 T-950 T-980 T-990 Mandatory Appendix I Article 10 T-1000 Article 11 T-1110 T-1120 T-1121 T-1130 T-1160 T-1180 T-1190 vi No further reproduction or distribution is permitted Nonmandatory Appendix A Instrumentation Performance Requirements 265 Mandatory Appendix II Instrument Calibration 268 Mandatory Appendix III Glossary of Terms for Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Vessels 269 Sensor Placement Guidelines 270 Acoustic Emission Examination of Metallic Vessels During Pressure Testing Scope General Equipment Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 276 276 276 277 277 278 279 279 Mandatory Appendix I Instrumentation Performance Requirements 282 Mandatory Appendix II Instrument Calibration and Cross-Referencing 284 Mandatory Appendix III Glossary of Terms for Acoustic Emission Examination of Metal Pressure Vessels 285 Nonmandatory Appendix A Sensor Placement Guidelines 286 Nonmandatory Appendix B Supplemental Information for Conducting Acoustic Emission Examinations 291 Continuous Acoustic Emission Monitoring Scope General Equipment Requirements Procedure Requirements Calibration Examination Evaluation/Results Reports/Records 292 292 292 293 295 297 297 298 299 299 Mandatory Appendix I Nuclear Components 300 Mandatory Appendix II Non-Nuclear Metal Components 302 Mandatory Appendix III Nonmetallic Components 305 Mandatory Appendix IV Limited Zone Monitoring 307 Mandatory Appendix V Hostile Environment Applications 309 Mandatory Appendix VI Leak Detection Applications 312 Mandatory Appendix VII Glossary of Terms for Acoustic Emission Examination 314 Examination System Qualification Scope General Requirements Equipment Application Requirements Conduct of Qualification Demonstration Calibration Examination Evaluation 315 315 315 316 316 318 318 319 321 Nonmandatory Appendix A Article 12 T-1210 T-1220 T-1230 T-1260 T-1270 T-1280 T-1290 Article 13 T-1310 T-1320 T-1330 T-1340 T-1350 T-1360 T-1370 T-1380 T-1390 Article 14 T-1410 T-1420 T-1430 T-1440 T-1450 T-1460 T-1470 T-1480 vii No further reproduction or distribution is permitted Mandatory Appendix I Documentation and Records 321 Mandatory Appendix I Glossary of Terms for Examination System Qualification 322 Mandatory Appendix II UT Performance Demonstration Criteria 323 Article 15 T-1510 T-1520 T-1530 T-1540 T-1560 T-1570 T-1580 T-1590 Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique (ACFMT) Scope General Equipment Miscellaneous Requirements Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 326 326 326 326 327 327 328 329 329 Article 16 T-1610 T-1620 T-1630 T-1640 T-1650 T-1660 T-1670 T-1680 Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) Examination Scope General Equipment Requirements Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 330 330 330 331 331 331 331 332 332 Article 17 T-1710 T-1720 T-1730 T-1750 T-1760 T-1770 T-1780 T-1790 Remote Field Testing (RFT) Examination Method Scope General Equipment Technique Calibration Examination Evaluation Documentation 334 334 334 334 334 335 337 337 337 Documents Adopted by Section V 339 Article 22 Radiographic Standards 340 SE-94 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination 341 SE-747 Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Wire image Quality Indicators (IQI) used for Radiology 355 Standard Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Radiographic Film Processing 371 Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI) used for Radiology 377 Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings 385 Standard Test Method for Determining the Size of Iridium-192 Industrial Radiographic Sources 397 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging 403 Standard Practice for Radioscopy 411 Subsection B SE-999 SE-1025 SE-1030 SE-1114 SE-1165 SE-1255 viii No further reproduction or distribution is permitted T-1490 Standard Test Method for Radioscopic Examination of Weldments 423 SE-1647 Standard Practice for Determining Contrast Sensitivity in Radiology 429 Ultrasonic Standards 434 SA-388/SA-388M Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings 435 SA-435/SA-435M Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates 445 Standard Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination of Steel Plates 449 Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applications 453 Standard Practice for Castings, Carbon, Low-Alloy and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic Examination Thereof 461 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings 473 Standard Method for Ultrasonic Inspection of Aluminum-Alloy Plate for Pressure Vessels 479 SE-213 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and Tubing 485 SE-273 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing 499 Standard Practice for Measuring Thickness by Manual Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Contact Method 505 Standard Guide for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of Phased-Array Ultrasonic Testing Instruments and Systems 513 Standard Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of Welds Using Phased Arrays 533 Article 24 Liquid Penetrant Standards 543 SD-129 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method) 545 SD-516 Standard Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water 551 SD-808 Standard Test Method for Chlorine in New and Used Petroleum Products (Bomb Method) 557 Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry 533 Magnetic Particle Standards 584 Standard Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to a Ferrous Base 585 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing 591 Eddy Current Standards 640 Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes 641 Article 23 SA-577/SA-577M SA-578/SA-578M SA-609/SA-609M SA-745/SA-745M SB-548 SE–797/SE–797M SE-2491 SE-2700 SE-165 Article 25 SD-1186 SE-709 Article 26 SE-243 ix No further reproduction or distribution is permitted SE-1416 Standard Practice for In Situ Examination of Ferromagnetic Heat-Exchanger Tubes Using Remote Field Testing 649 Acoustic Emission Standards 660 Standard Guide for Mounting Piezoelectric Acoustic Emission Sensors 649 Standard Guide for Determining the Reproducibility of Acoustic Emission Sensor Response 665 Standard Practice for Leak Detection and Location Using SurfaceMounted Acoustic Emission Sensors 675 Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Pressure Vessels Using Acoustic Emission 683 Article 30 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations Standard 692 SE-1316 Standard Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations 693 Article 31 Alternating Current Field Measurement Standard 731 SE-2261 Standard Practice for Examination of Welds Using the Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique 733 746 Mandatory Appendix II Standard Units for Use in Equations 747 Nonmandatory Appendix A Guidance for the Use of U.S Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code 748 Article 29 SE-650 SE-976 SE-1211 SE-1419 Mandatory Appendix I FIGURES T-275 I-263 VI-A-1 A-210-1 C-210-1 C-210-2 C-210-3 C-210-4 D-210-1 D-210-2 D-210-3 D-210-4 D-210-5 D-210-6 D-210-7 D-210-8 T-434.1.7.2 T-434.2.1 T-434.3-1 T-434.3-2 T-434.4.1 T-434.4.2.1 T-434.4.2.2 T-434.4.3 T-434.5.1 Location Marker Sketches Beam Width Determination Reference Film Single-Wall Radiographic Techniques Side and Top Views of Hole-Type IQI Placements Side and Top Views of Hole-Type IQI Placements Side and Top Views of Hole-Type IQI Placements Side and Top Views of Hole-Type IQI Placements Complete Circumference Cylindrical Component Section of Circumference 240 deg or More Cylindrical Component (Example is Alternate Intervals) Section(s) of Circumference Less than 240 deg Cylindrical Component Section(s) of Circumference Equal to or More than 120 deg and Less than 240 deg Cylindrical Component Option Complete Circumferential Welds Spherical Component Welds in Segments of Spherical Component Plan View A-A Array of Objects in a Circle Ratio Limits for Curved Surfaces Non-Piping Calibration Blocks Calibration Block for Piping Alternate Calibration Block for Piping Calibration Block for Technique One Alternate Calibration Block for Technique One Alternate Calibration Block for Technique One Calibration Block for Technique Two Calibration Block for Straight Beam Examination of Nozzle Side Weld Fusion Zone and/or Adjacent Nozzle Parent Metal x 11 17 30 40 44 45 46 47 48 48 49 49 49 49 50 50 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 60 61 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted SE-2096 (i) Volumes in cubic inches (in.3) were converted to cubic mm (mm3) and volumes in cubic feet (ft3) were converted to cubic meters (m ) See examples in the following table: Table continued Size, in Size, mm 12 18 20 24 36 40 54 60 72 1 1 300 450 500 600 900 000 350 500 800 Volume (U.S Customary) 1.5 200 NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS /8 /4 /8 /2 /4 11/4 11/2 21/2 31/2 10 12 14 16 18 SI Practice DN DN DN 10 DN 15 DN 20 DN 25 DN 32 DN 40 DN 50 DN 65 DN 80 DN 90 DN 100 DN 125 DN 150 DN 200 DN 250 DN 300 DN 350 DN 400 DN 450 NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS NPS 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 0.5 10 14.7 15 30 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 500 600 1,200 1,500 DN 500 DN 550 DN 600 DN 650 DN 700 DN 750 DN 800 DN 850 DN 900 DN 950 DN 1000 DN 1050 DN 1100 DN 1150 DN 1200 DN 1250 DN 1300 DN 1350 DN 1400 DN 1450 DN 1500 650 mm2 in.2 000 mm2 500 mm2 10 in ft2 0.14 m3 psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi psi Pressure (SI) 15 20 70 101 100 200 350 700 1.5 1.7 2.5 3.5 10 kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa (k) Material properties that are expressed in psi or ksi (e.g., allowable stress, yield and tensile strength, elastic modulus) were generally converted to MPa to three significant figures See example in the following table: Area (SI) in.2 160 000 mm3 Pressure (U.S Customary) SI Practice (h) Areas in square inches (in ) were converted to square mm (mm2) and areas in square feet (ft2) were converted to square meters (m2) See examples in the following table: Area (U.S Customary) 10 in.3 (j) Although the pressure should always be in MPa for calculations, there are cases where other units are used in the text For example, kPa is used for small pressures Also, rounding was to one significant figure (two at the most) in most cases See examples in the following table (Note that 14.7 psi converts to 101 kPa, while 15 psi converts to 100 kPa While this may seem at first glance to be an anomaly, it is consistent with the rounding philosophy.) 60 U.S Custom ary Practice 100 000 mm3 ft (g) For nominal pipe sizes, the following relationships were used: U.S Custom ary Practice 16 000 mm3 in.3 Size or Length, ft Size or Length, m Volume (SI) in.3 0.5 m2 749 Strength (U.S Customary) Strength (SI) 95,000 psi 655 MPa No further reproduction or distribution is permitted 2013 SECTION V A-3 (l) In most cases, temperatures (e.g., for PWHT) were rounded to the nearest 5°C Depending on the implied precision of the temperature, some were rounded to the nearest 1°C or 10°C or even 25°C Temperatures colder than 0°F (negative values) were generally rounded to the nearest 1°C The examples in the table below were created by rounding to the nearest 5°C, with one exception: Temperature, °F Temperature, °C 70 100 120 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 925 950 1,000 1,050 1,100 1,150 1,200 1,250 1,800 1,900 2,000 2,050 20 38 50 65 95 120 150 175 205 230 260 290 315 345 370 400 425 455 480 495 510 540 565 595 620 650 675 980 040 095 120 SOFT CONVERSION FACTORS The following table of “soft” conversion factors is provided for convenience Multiply the U.S Customary value by the factor given to obtain the SI value Similarly, divide the SI value by the factor given to obtain the U.S Customary value In most cases it is appropriate to round the answer to three significant figures U.S Custom ary 750 SI Factor in ft in.2 ft2 in.3 ft3 U.S gal U.S gal mm m mm2 m2 mm3 m3 m3 liters 25.4 0.3048 645.16 0.09290304 16,387.064 0.02831685 0.003785412 3.785412 psi MPa (N/mm2) 0.0068948 psi psi ft lb kPa bar J 6.894757 0.06894757 1.355818 °F °C °F °C R lbm lbf K kg N in lb ft lb N·mm N·m 112.98484 1.3558181 ksi MPa 1.0988434 Btu/hr lb/ft3 W kg/m3 0.2930711 16.018463 /9 × (°F 32) /9 /9 0.4535924 4.448222 Notes Used exclusively in equations Used only in text and for nameplate Not for temperature difference For temperature differences only Absolute temperature Use exclusively in equations Use only in text Use for boiler rating and heat transfer No further reproduction or distribution is permitted 2013 SECTION V ENDNOTES For example, reference to T-270 includes all the rules contained in T-271 through T-277.3 For example, T-233 requires that Image Quality Indicators be manufactured and identified in accordance with the requirements or alternatives allowed in SE-747 or SE-1025, and Appendices, as appropriate for the style of IQI to be used These are the only parts of either SE-747 or SE-1025 that are mandatory in Article SNT-TC-1A (2006 Edition), “Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing;” and ANSI/ASNT CP-189 (2006 Edition), “ASNT Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel;” published by the American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1711 Arlingate Lane P.O Box 28518, Columbus, OH 43228-0518 In this Code Section, “Code User” is any organization conducting nondestructive examinations to the requirements of this Section Nondestructive Testing Handbook, Volume I, First Edition, pp 14.32–14.33, “Measuring Focal-Spot Size.” Also, pp 20–21 of Radiography in Modern Industry, Fourth Edition Sketches showing suggested source, film, and IQI placements for pipe or tube welds are illustrated in Article 2, Nonmandatory Appendix A Refer to Article 2, Nonmandatory Appendix D for additional guidance Sample layout and technique details are illustrated in SE-1030, Appendix (Nonmandatory Information) X1, Fig X1.1, Radiographic Standard Shooting Sketch (RSS) See paragraph T-473 for cladding techniques 10 See paragraph T-465, Calibration for Cladding 11 When the Referencing Code Section requires the detection and evaluation of all indications exceeding 20% DAC, the gain should be increased an additional amount so that no calibration reflector indication is less than 40% FSH As an alternate, the scanning sensitivity level may be set at 14 dB higher than the reference level gain setting (This additional gain makes the reference DAC curve a 20% DAC curve so that indications exceeding 20% DAC may be easily identified and evaluated.) 12 Single (fixed angle) is a focal law applied to a specific set of active elements for a constant angle beam, emulating a conventional single element probe 13 E-scan (also termed an electronic raster scan) is a single focal law multiplexed, across a grouping of active elements, for a constant angle beam stepped along the phased array probe length in defined incremental steps 14 S-scan (also called a Sector, Sectorial, or Azimuthal scan) may refer to either the beam movement or the data display (a) Beam movement is the set of focal laws that provides a fan-like series of beams through a defined range of angles using the same set of elements (b) Data display is the two-dimensional view of all A-scans from a specific set of elements corrected for delay and refracted angle Volume-corrected S-scan images typically show a pie-shaped display with defects located at their geometrically correct and measurable positions 15 SE-2491 provides additional information on setting up phased array instruments 16 Focal law is defined as a phased array operational file that defines the search unit elements and their time delays, for both the transmitter and receiver function 17 Linear scanning (also termed line scanning) is defined as a single pass scan of the search unit parallel to the weld axis at a fixed stand-off distance 751 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted 2013 SECTION V 18 Workmanship based is defined as a standard for acceptance of a weld based on the characterization of imperfections by type (i.e., crack, incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration, or inclusion) and their size (i.e., length) 19 Fracture mechanics based is defined as a standard for acceptance of a weld based on the categorization of imperfections by type (i.e., surface or subsurface) and their size (i.e., length and through-wall height) 20 A flaw need not be surface breaking to be categorized as a surface flaw 21 The methodology contained in Article 4, Mandatory Appendix IX is intended for new construction controlled by the referencing Code Sections When the User specifies Article 4, Mandatory Appendix IX for other uses such as postconstruction examinations, they should consider specifying more than the minimum required three flaws in the qualification weld, requiring specific service-induced flaws, or possibly specifying an Article 14 high rigor type qualification 22 Reflections from concentric cylindrical surfaces such as provided by some IIW blocks and the AWS distance calibration block may be used to adjust delay zero and sweep range for metal path calibration 23 Range has been replaced on many new instruments with velocity 24 The balance of the calibrations in Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix B is written based upon the use of the indexing strip However, the procedures may be transformed for other methods of measurements at the discretion of the examiner 25 When manually positioning the search unit, a straightedge may be used to guide the search unit while moving to the right and left to assure that axial positioning and beam alignment are maintained 26 Calibration by beam path measurement may be used by range control positioning by the block back reflection to the sweep division number (or multiple) equal to the measured thickness The 1/4T SDH indication must be delay control positioned to 1/4 of the sweep division number 27 Instead of drawing a 20% DAC or 20% reference level on the instrument’s screen, the gain may be increased 14 dB to make the reference level DAC curve the 20% DAC curve or 20% of the reference level 28 The examples shown in Nonmandatory Appendix P are not necessarily typical of all defects due to differences in shape, size, defect orientation, roughness, etc 29 “Bolting” as used in Article is an all-inclusive term for any type of threaded fastener that may be used in a pressure boundary bolted flange joint assembly such as a bolt, stud, studbolt, cap screw, etc 30 The qualification test of Mandatory Appendix IV may be performed by the User, the alternative wavelength light source manufacturer, or the magnetic particle manufacturer 31 System background noise For definition of symbols, see Nonmandatory Appendix A 752 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted 2013 SECTION V INDEX ACOUSTIC EMISSION EXAMINATION OF FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC VESSELS, Article 11 Calibration, Article 11, T 1141(b) Attenuation Characterization, Article 11, T 1141(b)(1) Instrument Calibration, Article 11, Mandatory Appendix II Sensor Locations and Spacings, Article 11, T 1141(c) System Performance Check, Article 11, T 1141(d) Documentation, Article 11, T 1190 Environmental Conditions, Article 11, T 1124 Equipment and Supplies, Article 11, T 1130 Evaluation, Article 11, T 1180 Criteria, Article 11, T 1181 Emissions During Load Hold, Article 11, T 1182 Felicity Ratio Determination, Article 11, T 1183 High Amplitude Events Criterion, Article 11, T 1184 Total Counts Criterion, Article 11, T 1185 Examination Procedure, Article 11, T 1142 AE Activity, Article 11, T 1142(d) Background Noise, Article 11, T 1142(b) Stressing, Article 11, T 1142(c) Test Termination, Article 11, T 1142(e) Glossary of Terms, Article 11, Mandatory Appendix III Instrument Settings, Article 11, T 1126 Instrumentation Performance Requirements, Article 11, Mandatory Appendix I Noise Elimination, Article 11, T 1125 Sensor Placement Guidelines, Article 11, Nonmandatory Appendix A Sensors, Article 11, T 1127 Vessel Conditioning, Article 11, T 1121 Vessel Stressing, Article 11, T 1122 Vessel Support, Article 11, T 1123 Written Procedure Requirements, Article 11, T 1128 ACOUSTIC EMISSION EXAMINATION OF METALLIC VESSELS, Article 12 AE Source Location, Article 12, T 1224 Calibration, Article 12, T 1243 Attenuation Characterization, Article 12, T 1243.2 Instrument Calibration, Article 12, Mandatory Appendix II On Site System Calibration, Article 12, T 1243.1 Sensor Location, Article 12, T 1243.3 Sensor Spacing, Article 12, T 1243.4 Multichannel Source Location, Article 12, T 1243.4.2 Zone Location, Article 12, T 1243.4.1 System Performance Check, Article 12, T 1243.5 Documentation, Article 12, T 1290 Equipment and Supplies, Article 12, T 1230 Evaluation, Article 12, T 1280 Criteria, Article 12, T 1281 Examination Procedure, Article 12, T 1244 Background Noise, Article 12, T 1244.2 During Examination, Article 12, T 1244.2.2 Prior to Loading, Article 12, T 1244.2.1 Pressurization, Article 12, T 1244.3 Sequence, Article 12, T 1244.3.2 Test Termination, Article 12, T 1244.3.3 Glossary of Terms, Article 12, Mandatory Appendix III 753 ACOUSTIC EMISSION EXAMINATION OF METALLIC VESSELS, Article 12 (Cont'd) Instrumentation Performance Requirements, Article 12, Nonmandatory Appendix I Noise Reduction, Article 12, T 1222 Sensor Placement Guidelines, Article 12, Nonmandatory Appendix A Sensors, Article 12, T 1223 Frequency, Article 12, T 1223.1 Mounting, Article 12, T 1223.2 Surface Contact, Article 12, T 1223.3 Vessel Stressing, Article 12, T 1221 Written Procedure Requirements, Article 12, T 1225 CONTINUOUS ACOUSTIC EMISSION MONITORING, Article 13 AE Monitor, Article 13, T 1335 Data Analysis and Display, Article 13, T 1335.4 Data Storage, Article 13, T 1335.3 Installation, Article 13, T 1349 Signal Identification, Article 13, T 1335.1 Signal Processing, Article 13, T 1335.2 AE System Operation, Article 13, T 1351 Amplifiers, Article 13, T 1334 Background Noise, Article 13, T 1345 Cables, Article 13, T 1333 Calibration, Article 13, T 1360 Intervals, Article 13, T 1363 Sensors, Article 13, T 1361 System, Article 13, T 1362 Detection and Source Location, Article 13, T 1362.1 Function Verification, Article 13, T 1362.2 Component Stressing, Article 13, T 1324 Coordination with Plant System Owner/Operator, Article 13, T 1326 Data Processing, Interpretation, and Evaluation, Article 13, T 1352 Data Recording and Storage, Article 13, T 1353 Equipment, Article 13, T 1330 Equipment Qualification, Article 13, T 1341 Evaluation/Results, Article 13, T 1380 Data Processing, Interpretation, and Evaluation, Article 13, T 1381.2 Data Requirements, Article 13, T 1381.1 Examination, Article 13, T 1370 Non Metallic Components, Article 13, Mandatory Appendix III Non Nuclear Components, Article 13, Mandatory Appendix II Nuclear Components, Article 13, Mandatory Appendix I Glossary of Terms, Article 13, Mandatory Appendix VII Hostile Environment Applications, Article 13, Mandatory Appendix V Leak Detection Applications, Article 13, Mandatory Appendix VI Limited Zone Monitoring, Article 13, Mandatory Appendix IV Material Attenuation/Characterization, Article 13, T 1344 Noise Interference, Article 13, T 1325 Objectives, Article 13, T 1321 Personnel Qualification, Article 13, T 1323 and T 1371 Plant Startup, Article 13, T 1372 Plant Steady State Operation, Article 13, T 1373 AE System Function Check, Article 13, T 1373.2 Data Evaluation Interval, Article 13, T 1373.1 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted 2013 SECTION V CONTINUOUS ACOUSTIC EMISSION MONITORING, Article 13 (Cont'd) Procedures, Article 13, T 1350 Relative Indications, Article 13, T 1322 Reports/Records, Article 13, T 1390 Calibration Records, Article 13, T 1364 Qualification Records, Article 13, T 1346 Reports to Plant System Owner/Operator, Article 13, T 1391 Senser Qualification, Article 13, T 1342 Sensitivity and Frequency Response, Article 13, T 1342.1 Uniformity of Sensor Sensitivity, Article 13, T 1342.2 Sensors, Article 13, T 1332 Frequency, Article 13, T 1332.1 Differential and Tuned Sensors, Article 13, T 1332.2 Installation, Article 13, T 347 Array Spacing, Article 13, T 1347.2 Coupling, Article 13, T 1347.1 Functional Verification, Article 13, T 1347.3 Mounting, Article 13, T 332.3 Source Location and Sensor Mounting, Article 13, T 1327 Signal Lead Installation, Article 13, T 1348 Signal Pattern Recognition, Article 13, T 1343 LEAK TESTING, Article 10 (Cont'd) Pressure/Vaccum Gages, Article 10, T 1061 Temperature Measuring Devices, Article 10, T 1062 Cleanliness, Article 10, T 1041 Documentation, Article 10, T 1090 Evaluation, Article 10, T 1080 Gages, Article 10, T 1031 Location, Article 10, T 1031(b) Range, Article 10, T 1031(a) Glossary of Terms, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix VII Halogen Diode Detector Probe Test, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix III Helium Mass Spectrometer Test Detector Probe Technique, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix IV Tracer Probe and Hood Techniques, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix V Preliminary Leak Test, Article 10, T 1051 Pressure Change Test, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix VI Pressure/Vaccum (Pressure Limits), Article 10, T 1044 Procedure/Technique, Article 10, T 1050 Sealing Openings, Article 10, T 1042 Temperature, Article 10, T 1043 Test, Article 10, T 1070 Written Procedure, Article 10, T 1021 EDDY CURRENT EXAMINATION, Article LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION, Article Calibration, Article 8, T 860 Black Light Intensity, Article 6, T 676.4(d) Eddy Current Examination Control of Contaminants, Article 6, T 641 Coated Ferritic Materials, Article 8, Mandatory Appendix III Developing, Article 6, T 675 Installed Nonferromagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubing, Article 8, Mandatory Dry Developer Application, Article 6, T 675.1 Appendix I Wet Developer Application, Article 6, T 675.2 Nonferromagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubing, Article 8, Mandatory Documentation/Records, Article 6, T 690 Appendix II Drying After Excess Penetrant Removal, Article 6, T 674 Evaluation, Article 8, T 880 Drying After Preparation, Article 6, T 643 Glossary of Terms, Article 8, Mandatory Appendix IV Evaluation, Article 6, T 680 Personnel Qualification, Article 8, T 822 Excess Penetrant Removal, Article 6, T 673 Reference Specimen, Article 8, T 831 Post Emulsifying Penetrants, Article 6, T 673.2 Written Procedure, Article 8, T 821 Solvent Removable Penetrants, Article 6, T 673.3 Procedure Requirements, Article 8, T 841 Water Washable Penetrants, Article 6, T 673.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, Article Glossary of Terms, Article 6, Mandatory Appendix Acceptance Standards, Article 1, T 180 Interpretation, Article 6, T 676 ASTM Standards and Recommended Practices, Article 1, T 170 Liquid Penetrant Comparator, Article 6, T 653.2 Authorized Inspector/Authorized Code Inspector, Article 1, T 170 Procedure, Article 6, T 621 Calibration, Article 1, T 160 Penetrant Application, Article 6, T 671 Equipment, Article 1, T 130 Penetrant Materials, Article 6, T 631 Evaluation, Article 1, T 180 Penetration Time, Article 6, T 672 Examinations and Inspections, Article 1, T 170 Surface Preparation, Article 6, T 642 Fabricator, Article 1, T 150 Techniques, Article 6, T 651 Glossary of Terms, Article 1, Mandatory Appendix I Nonstandard Temperature, Article 6, T 653 Installer, Article 1, T 150 Standard Temperature, Article 6, T 653 Limited Certification, Article 1, T 140(d) Restrictions, Article 6, T 654 Manufacturer, Article 1, T 150 MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION, Article NDE Personnel Certification, Article 1, T 140 Black Light Intensity, Article 7, T 731(c)(4) Procedure, Article 1, T 150 Calibration, Article 7, T 760 Procedures, Special, Article T 150(a) Circular Magnetization Technique, Article 7, T 775 Quality Assurance/Quality Control System, Article 1, T 150 Central Conductor Technique, Article 7, T 775.2 Records/Documentation, Article 1, T 190 Magnetizing Current, Article 7, T 775.2(b) Referencing Code Section, Article 1, T 150 Magnetizing Procedure, Article 7, T 775.2(a) LEAK TESTING, Article 10 Direct Contact Technique, Article 7, T 775.1 Bubble Test Magnetizing Current, Article 7, T 775.1(b) Direct Pressure Technique, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix I Magnetizing Procedure, Article 7, T 775.1(a) Vaccum Box Technique, Article 10, Mandatory Appendix II Demagnetization, Article 7, T 755 Equipment, Article 7, T 730 Calibration, Article 10, T 1060 Evaluation, Article 7, T 780 Calibration Leak Standards, Article 10, T 1063 Examination, Article 7, T 770 Capillary Type Leak Standard, Article 10, T 1063.2 Direction of Examination, Article 7, T 771 Permeation Type Leak Standard, Article 10, T 1063.1 754 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted 2013 SECTION V MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION, Article (Cont'd) Examination Coverage, Article 7, T 772 Examination Medium, Article 7, T 731 Dry Particles, Article 7, T 731(a) Fluorescent Particles, Article 7, T 731(c) Wet Particles, Article 7, T 731(b) Glossary of Terms, Article 7, Mandatory Appendix II Lifting Power of Yokes, Article 7, T 762 Longitudinal Magnetization Technique, Article 7, T 774 Magnetizing Current, Article 7, T 774.3 Magnetizing Field Strength, Article 7, T 774.2 Magnetizing Procedure, Article 7, T 774.1 Magnetic Particle Field Indicator, Article 7, T 753 Magnetic Particle Examination of Coated Ferritic Materials, Article 7, Mandatory Appendix I Magnetization Techniques, Article 7, T 752 Method of Examination, Article 7, T 751 Multidirectional Magnetization Technique, Article 7, T 777 Magnetizing Field Strength, Article 7, T 777.2 Magnetizing Procedure, Article 7, T 777.1 Procedure/Technique, Article 7, T 750 Prod Technique, Article 7, T 773 Magnetizing Current, Article 7, T 773.2 Magnetizing Procedure, Article 7, T 773.1 Prod Spacing, Article 7, T 773.3 Records, Article 7, T 790 Rectified Current, Article 7, T 754 Surface Conditioning, Article 7, T 741 Yoke Technique, Article 7, T 776 Application, Article 7, T 776.1 Magnetizing Procedure, Article 7, T 776.2 RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION, Article Backscatter Radiation, Article 2, T 223 Excessive Backscatter, Article 2, T 284 Castings (Examination), Article Densitometer Calibration, Article 2, T 262 Density Limitations, Article 2, T 282.1 Monitoring Density Limitations, Article 2, T 225 Density Variation, Article 2, T 282.2 Digital Image Acquisition, Display, and Storage, Article 2, Mandatory Appendix III Interpretation, Evaluation, and Disposition, Article 2, Mandatory Appendix IV Direction of Radiation, Article 2, T 273 Documentation, Article 2, T 290 Double Wall Technique, Article 2, T 271.2 Double Wall Viewing, Article 2, T 271.2(b) Single Wall Viewing, Article 2, T 271.2(a) Energy of Radiation, Article 2, T 272 Gamma Radiation, Article 2, T 272.2 X Radiation, Article 2, T 272.1 Equipment and Materials, Article 2, T 230 Evaluation, Article 2, T 280 By Manufacturer, Article 2, T 292 Film Processing, Article 2, T 231.2 Film Selection, Article 2, T 231.1 Film Viewing Facilities, Article 2, T 234 Geometric Unsharpness, Article 2, T 274 Limitations, Article 2, T 285 Glossary of Terms, Article 2, Mandatory Appendix V Identification System, Article 2, T 224 Image Quality Indicators (Penetrameters) Design, Article 2, T 233 RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION, Article (Cont'd) Equivalent Sensitivity, Article 2, Nonmandatory Appendix B Number, Article 2, T 277.2 Multiple Penetrameters, Article 2, T 277.2(a) Special Cases, Article 2, T 277.2(b) Placement, Article 2, T 277.1 Film Side, Article 2, T 277.1(b) Hole Type Penetrameters, Article 2, T 277.1(c) Materials Other Than Welds, Article 2, T 277.1(e) Sketches, Article 2, Nonmandatory Appendix C Source Side, Article 2, T 277.1(a) Wire Type Penetrameters, Article 2, T 277.1(d) Selection, Article 2, T 276 Dissimilar Material Welds, Article 2, T 276.3 Material, Article 2, T 276.1 Size, Article 2, T 276.2 Shims Under Hole Type Penetrameters, Article 2,T 277.3 In Motion Radiography, Article 2, Mandatory Appendix I Intensifying Screens, Article 2, T 232 Location Markers, Article 2, T 275 Double Wall Viewing, Article 2, T 275.2 Maps, Article 2, T 275.3 Single Wall Viewing, Article 2, T 275.1 Either side Markers, Article 2, T 275.1(c) Film Side Markers, Article 2, T 275.1(b) Source Side Markers, Article 2, T 275.1(a) Penetrameters (see Image Quality Indicators) Pipe or Tube Weld Technique Sketches, Article 2, Nonmandatory Appendix A Procedure Requirements, Article 2, T 281 Quality of Radiographs, Article 2, T 281 Radiographic Technique, Article 2, T 271 Real Time Radioscopic Examination, Article 2, Mandatory Appendix II Sensitivity, Article 2, T 283 Single Wall Technique, Article 2, T 271.1 Source Size Determination, Article 2, T 261.2 Source Size Verification, Article 2, T 261.1 Step Wedge Film Density Verification, Article 2, T 262 Surface Preparation, Article 2, T 222 Materials, Article 2, T 222.1 Surface Finish, Article 2, T 222.3 Welds, Article 2, T 222.2 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION METHODS FOR INSERVICE INSPECTION, Article Amplitude Control Lenearity, Article 4, T 461.2 and Mandatory Appendix II Angle Beam Calibrations (General Techniques), Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix B Basic Calibration Block, Article 4, T 435 and Nonmandatory Appendix J Block Selection, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix J, J 10(a) Block Quality, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix J, J 10(e) Clad, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix J, J 10(b) Heat Treatment, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix J, J 10(c) Reflectors, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix J, J 20 Diameters Greater Than 20 Inches, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix J, J 10(e) Diameters 20 Inches and Less, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix J, J 10(f) Surface Finish, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix J, J 10(d) Beam Angle, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix I, I 20 Beam Spread Measurements, Article 4, T 434.1 Bolts and Studs (Inservice Examination), Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix L 755 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted 2013 SECTION V ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION METHODS FOR MATERIALS AND ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION METHODS FOR INSERVICE INSPECTION, FABRICATION, Article (Cont'd) Article (Cont'd) Bolting Material (Examination), Article 5, T 541.5 Calibration, Article 4, T 460 Calibration (General), Article 5, T 534 System, Article 4, T 462 Calibration (Welds), Article 5,T 542.2 Computerized Imaging Techniques, Article 4, T 436 and Nonmandatory Calibration Check, Article 5, T 542.4.6 to T 542.4.8 Appendix E DAC Correction, Article 5, T 542.5.2 Equipment, Article 4, T 430 Pipe, Article 5, T 542.8.1 Evaluation, Article 4, T 480 Angle Beam, Article 5, T 542.8.2 Examination Coverage, Article 4, T 424.1 Straight Beam, Article 5, T 542.8.2.5 Glossary of Terms, Article 5, Mandatory Appendix III System, Article 5, T 542.4 Instrument Requirements, Article 4, T 431 Angle Beam, Article 5, T 542.4.4 Nozzle Examination, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix F Straight Beam, Article 5, T 542.4.5 Nozzle Inner Radius and Inner Corner Region Examinations, Article 4, T 442 Sweep Range Correction, Article 5, T 542.5.1 Personnel Requirements, Article 4, T 422 Cladding (Examination), Article 5, T 543 Pumps and Valves (Including Welds), Article 4, T 444 Equipment and Supplies, Article 5, T 530 Rate of Search Unit Movements, Article 4, T 424.2 Evaluation, Article 5, T 580 Scanning Sensitivity Level, Article 4, T 424.3 Examination Coverage, Article 5, T 523.1 Records, Article 4, T 490 Forgings and Bars (Examination), Article 5, T 541.2 Planar Reflectors Frequency (Instrument), Article 5, T 531 Data Record Example, Article 4, Nonmandatory Appendix D Search Unit, Article 5, T 542.6.1.3 and T 542.8.2.1 Recording Angle Beam Examination Data, Article 4, Nonmandatory Glossary of Terms, Article 5, Mandatory Appendix III Appendix H Plate (Examination), Article 5, T 541.1 Recording Straight Beam Examination Data, Article 4, Nonmandatory Rate of Search Unit Movement, Article 5, T 523.2 Appendix K Recording Sensitivity Level, Article 5, T 523.3 Screen Height Linearity, Article 4, T 461.1 and Mandatory Appendix I Reports and Records, Article 5, T 590 Straight Beam Calibrations (General Techniques), Article 4, Screen Height Linearity, Article 5, T 532 and Mandatory Appendix I Nonmandatory Appendix C Search Units, Article 5, T 535 Vessel Examinations, Article 4, T 441 Thickness Measurement, Article 5, T 544 Welds, Article 4, T 471 Tubular Products (Examination), Article 5, T 541.3 Examination Using Angle Beam Search Units, Article 4, Welds (Examination), Article 5, T 542 Nonmandatory Appendix I Austenitic and High Nickel Alloy Welds, Article 5, T 542.8.5 Surface Preparation, Article 4, T 471.1.2 Ferritic Welds in Ferritic Pipe, Article 5, T 542.8 Vessel Reference Points (Layout), Article 4, Nonmandatory Evaluation, Article 5, T 542.8.4.3 Appendix A Scanning, Article 5, T 542.8.4 Written Procedure Requirements, Article 4, T 450 Surface Preparation, Article 5, T 542.8.3.1 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION METHODS FOR MATERIALS AND Wrought and Cast Ferritic Product Forms (Excluding Pipe), Article 5, FABRICATION, Article T 542.6 Alternate Calibration Block Configuration, Article 5, Nonmandatory Evaluation, Article 5, T 542.7.2.5 Appendix II Scanning, Article 5, T 542.7.2 Amplitude Control Linearity, Article 5, T 533 and Mandatory Appendix A Surface Preparation, Article 5, T 542.7.1 Basic Calibration Block (Welds), Article 5, T 542.2.1 Written Procedure Requirements, Article 5, T 522 Block Selection, Article 5, T 542.2.1(a) VISUAL EXAMINATION, Article Block Quality, Article 5, T 542.2.1.1(e) Applications, Article 9, T 951 Clad, Article 5, T 542.2.1.1(b) Direct Visual Examination, Article 9, T 952 Heat Treatment, Article 5, T 542.2.1.1(c) Evaluation, Article 9, T 980 Material, Article 5, T 542.2.1.1 Glossary of Terms, Article 9, Mandatory Appendix I Pipe, Article 5, T 542.8.1.1 Personnel Requirements, Article 9, T 942 Reflectors, Article 5, T 542.3 Procedure Technique, Article 9, T 950 Diameters Greater Than 20 Inches, Article 5, T 542.3.4 Records/Reports, Article 9, T 990 Diameters 20 Inches and Less, Article 5, T 542.3.5 Remote Visual Examination, Article 9, T 953 Pipe, Article 5, T 542.8.1.2 Translucent Visual Examination, Article 9, T 954 Surface Finish, Article 5, T 542.2.1.1(d) Written Procedure Requirements, Article 9, T 941 Beam Angle, Article 5, T 542.6.1.4 and T 542.8.2.2 Bolts and Studs (Inservice Examination), Article 5, T 541.5.3 756 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted 2013 SECTION V INTERPRETATIONS Volume 62 Interpretations of the Code will be posted in January and July of 2014 and January of 2015 at http://cstools.asme.org/ interpretations.cfm Interpretations of Section III, Divisions and 2, are part of the update service to Section III, Subsection NCA Interpretations Volumes 60 and 61 were included with the update service to the 2010 Edition of the Code; Volume 62 is the first Interpretations volume to be included with the update service to the 2013 Edition Section I II A II B II C II D (Customary) II D (Metric) III NCA III III IV V VI VII VIII VIII VIII IX X XI XII Vol 62 7/13 7/13 … … 7/13 7/13 7/13 7/13 7/13 7/13 7/13 … … 7/13 7/13 7/13 7/13 7/13 7/13 … No further reproduction or distribution is permitted ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE SECTION V No further reproduction or distribution is permitted Copyright © 2013 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved INTERPRETATIONS VOL 62 INTERPRETATIONS VOLUME 62 — SECTION V Replies to Technical Inquiries January 1, 2011 through December 31, 2012 FOREWORD GENERAL INFORMATION This publication includes all written interpretations issued between the indicated dates by the ASME Staff on behalf of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee in response to inquiries concerning interpretations of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code A contents is also included that lists subjects specific to the interpretations covered in the individual volume These interpretations are taken verbatim from the original letters, except for a few typographical and editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity In some instances, a review of the interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature In these cases, a revised interpretation is presented bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R and the original file number with an asterisk Following these revised interpretations, new interpretations and revisions to them issued during the indicated dates are assigned interpretation numbers in chronological order Interpretations applying to more than one Code Section appear with the interpretations for each affected Section ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional information is available that the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation Further, persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee As stated in the Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity An interpretation applies either to the Edition and Addenda in effect on the date of issuance of the interpretation or the Edition and Addenda stated in the interpretation Subsequent revisions to the Code may supersede the interpretation For detailed instructions, see "Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees" in the front matter SUBJECT AND NUMERICAL INDEXES Subject and numerical indexes (if applicable) have been prepared to assist the user in locating interpretations by subject matter or by location in the Code They cover interpretations issued from Volume 12 up to and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume 225 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted SECTION V INTERPRETATIONS VOL 62 Subject Interpretation Article 2, Mandatory Appendix VIII, VIII 210 (2007 Edition) Article 2, T 276.2(a) (2010 Edition) Article 4, Mandatory Appendix III (2010 Edition), Proper Calibration Blocks for Piping Examinations When Using TOFD Article 4, T 434.3 and Article 5, T 534.2 (2010 Edition) Article 6, T 642 (2010 Edition), Surface Preparation Article 6, Table T 621 (2004 Edition) Article 9, T 921.3 (2010 Edition), Demonstration UT Requirements for Forgings Examined per SA 388/SA 388M V 10 01 V 10 06 08 1626 10 1445 V V V V V V 09 10 11 10 10 11 226 10 10 10 10 10 10 02 05 07 03 04 08 File No 1539 1860 381 1452 1649 1265 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted SECTION V INTERPRETATIONS VOL 62 Interpretation: V-10-01 Subject: Article 2, Mandatory Appendix VIII, VIII-210 (2007 Edition) Date Issued: April 19, 2011 File: 08-1626 Question: Which paragraphs of Article 2, Mandatory Appendix III are applicable to computed radiography (phosphor imaging plate) applications performed in accordance with Article 2, Mandatory Appendix VIII? Reply: Paragraph III-286 of Article 2, Mandatory Appendix III is applicable Interpretation: V-10-02 Subject: Article 4, Mandatory Appendix III (2010 Edition), Proper Calibration Blocks for Piping Examinations When Using TOFD Date Issued: April 19, 2011 File: 09-1539 Question: Is it the intent of Article 4, Mandatory Appendix III that for the examination of a weld in a pipe, the basic calibration block shown in Fig III-434.2.1(a) is to be used? Reply: Yes Interpretation: V-10-03 Subject: Article 6, Table T-621 (2004 Edition) Date Issued: April 19, 2011 File: 10-1452 Question: Table T-621 lists minimum and maximum time periods between steps as an essential variable to be addressed in the written procedure Per T-643, is it necessary to establish only a minimum time for cleaning solutions to dry? Reply: Yes Interpretation: V-10-04 Subject: Article 9, T-921.3 (2010 Edition), Demonstration Date Issued: April 19, 2011 File: 10-1649 Question: When a procedure has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Inspector, does each subsequent examination performed to that procedure require demonstration? Reply: No 227 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted SECTION V INTERPRETATIONS VOL 62 Interpretation: V-10-05 Subject: Article 4, T-434.3 and Article 5, T-534.2 (2010 Edition) Date Issued: October 11, 2011 File: 10-1860 Question: Paragraph T-434.3 of Article indicates that the piping calibration block thickness “shall be within 25% of the nominal thickness of the component to be examined.” Paragraph T-534.2 of Article indicates that casting calibration blocks “shall be the same thickness ±25% as the castings to be examined.” Do the different wordings of these two paragraphs actually specify identical requirements? Reply: Yes Interpretation: V-10-06 Subject: Article 2, T-276.2(a) (2010 Edition) Date Issued: June 20, 2012 File: 10-1445 Question: Paragraph T-276.2(a) of Article indicates that, for welds with reinforcement, the IQI is based on the nominal single-wall thickness plus the estimated weld reinforcement not to exceed the maximum permitted by the referencing Code Section Does the term ”weld reinforcement,” as used in T-276.2(a), include both external and internal reinforcement when both are present? Reply: Yes Interpretation: V-10-07 Subject: Article 6, T-642 (2010 Edition), Surface Preparation Date Issued: June 20, 2012 File: 11-381 Question: According to T-642(a), surface preparation by grinding, machining, or other methods may be necessary where surface irregularities could mask indications on parts in the as-welded, as-rolled, as-cast, or as-forged conditions According to Table T-621, surface preparation is an essential variable Does T-621.2 require the demonstration of all surface preparation methods and surface cleaning methods listed in the procedure? Reply: In accordance with T-150(a), the procedure is required to be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Inspector 228 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted SECTION V INTERPRETATIONS VOL 62 Interpretation: V-10-08 Subject: UT Requirements for Forgings Examined per SA-388/SA-388M Date Issued: June 20, 2012 File: 11-1265 Question (1): Paragraph 8.3.3 of SA-388/SA-388M in Article 23 specifies that when both the I.D and O.D notch can be detected, the examination must be performed from the hollow forging’s outside diameter May indications detected during the scanning from the outside surface be further evaluated from the inside surface? Reply (1): Neither T-571.2 of Article nor SA-388/SA-388M in Article 23 contain alternate techniques for the further evaluation of detected indications Question (2): Paragraph 8.3.3 of SA-388/SA-388M in Article 23 specifies that the reference line is required to be drawn through the peaks of the first reflections obtained from the I.D and O.D notches How far beyond the notch peaks is the reference line to be drawn? Reply (2): Neither T-571.2 of Article nor SA-388/SA-388M in Article 23 specify the distance beyond the notch peaks that the reference line is to be drawn Question (3): If an indication is detected when performing an angle beam examination per SA-388/SA-388M, and its sweep position is prior to the first I.D notch or after the first O.D notch positions, how is it to be evaluated? Reply (3): Neither T-571.2 of Article nor SA-388/SA-388M in Article 23 specify how an indication appearing prior to the first I.D notch or after the first O.D notch is to be evaluated 229 No further reproduction or distribution is permitted SECTION V ... T-1173(b)(1) T-1173(b)(2) I-1183 A-1110 A-1120 A-1130 A-1140 A-1150 A-1160 T-1273.2.1 T-1273.2.2 A-1210 A-1220 A-1230 A-1240 IV-721 V- 721 II-821 IV-823 V- 821 VI-821 VII-823 VIII-821 T-921 I-1021... I-1021 II-1021 III-1021 III-1031 IV-1021 V- 1021 VI-1021 VIII-1021 VIII-1031 IX-1021 X-1021 T-1121 T-1181 T-1281 II-1351 II-1352 T-1472.1 T-1472.2 II-143 4-1 II-143 4-2 T-1522 T-1623 T-1721 II-1 Requirements... C-21 0-2 C-21 0-3 C-21 0-4 D-21 0-1 D-21 0-2 D-21 0-3 D-21 0-4 D-21 0-5 D-21 0-6 D-21 0-7 D-21 0-8 T-434.1.7.2 T-434.2.1 T-434. 3-1 T-434. 3-2 T-434.4.1 T-434.4.2.1 T-434.4.2.2 T-434.4.3 T-434.5.1 Location