Bài giảng Giải phẫu học (Tập 1): Phần 2

Nối tiếp phần 1, phần 2 của Bài giảng Giải phẫu học (Tập 1) tiếp tục trình bày các nội dung chính sau: Giải phẫu đầu - mặt - cổ, xương khớp đầu mặt, các động mạch cảnh, động mạch dưới đòn, đám rối thần kinh cổ, cơ quan thị giác, cơ quan tiền đình - ốc tai,... Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo để nắm nội dung chi tiết.

PHAN III : DAU - MAT - C6 14 WONG KHOP DAU MAT MUC TIEU BAI GIANG A MUC TIEU L"\;7 THUYE/T Xdc dinh dung vi tri cac xuong Tau mat MO to cac chi tiel giai phdu quan cua cac xuong Xdc dinh duoc vi tri cac xoang dau mat, chdc nang, tdc dung da cac xoang MO to cau tao va giai thich hoat clOng cua khdp thdi duang ham Ve nen so (mat trong), chti 3'7 den cac 16 có than kinh so di qua B MUC TIEU THIJC TAP Chi duqc tren hOp so vi tri cac )(Long dal.' mat Chi duoc tren xuong mot s6 chi tiat giai phdu quan cua cac xuong clau mat CM troll phim X quang cac xuong va xoang xuang so Chi dung cac 10 chinh dia nen so va cac phan di qua titng 16 Xac dinh mot s6 m6c xuang tren dau Ira so Cdc xuong a aau mat chia lam hai phan : —Khoti =mg so, tao hOp so nao —Kh6i xuong mat, tao so mat HOp so nao duoc chia Om so va nen so Cdc xuang ti6p khdp bed nIning &Ong khdp bat dOng khdp thdi dozing ham clued) So ngu'Oi khdc so Ong vat so nao phdt trign nhieu han so mat tre so sinh, kheii xuong mat nhO han so vdi hOp so, có cac thop (fonticuli 238 cranii) nam a not gap cua cdc &tang khdp : th6p trudc, th6p sau (fonticulus anterior et posterior) Ira hai thop ben IA thop baam (fonticulus sphenoidalis), va th6p chum (fonticulus mastoideus) Cdc ga, cdc u khong r6 vi ca chu'a hoat dung nhieu Xuang ham ddai gem hai naa chUa dinh vao Tren phim X quang xdang dau mat cUa tre so sinh, to thay nhieu Wang (xuang ham diidi, xuang tran, xdong cham) chtia dinh lam met; chu'a c6 cdc xoang; cdc xacmg a Om so nam xa nhau, nhat lad cdc th6p Nhu'ng cang ve sau, cdc xuang cang dinh lien : — Luc — tuOi : cdc manh xacing dinh lam met — Luc — tuOi : mat cdc th6p va tao cdc &ging khdp — Luc — tuOi : )(tat hien cdc xoang (xoang tran, xoang xoang ham tren) Sit phdt tridn cua hop so chia lam ba giai doan : * Giai doan dau (7 nam dau) : phdt trign chu yefu phan sau * Giai doan hai (7 tuOi tai day thi) : phdt trign hoi chain * Giai doan ba (15 - 22 tucii) : phut trig'n manh a phan track O tuoi gia : xtrung mOng di, nhe han, va mg dung khdp bat Tang So dan Ong to han so dan ba (10%) So dan ba nhan hon va tram clang han so dan Ong W phuzing dien nhan chUng hoc c6 nhieu chi so vg so nao \Ta so mat, du'a vao cdc mac xu'o'ng XLJcJng tran Xu'o'ng dinh XdOng builm Xuring thai &king )(tieing MCI% Miring gO ma Xu'ang chgm Xu'o'ng ham tren Xu'ong ham cludi \\* \%‘ Hinh 14.1: Iniang ddu mat (nhin ben) 239 KHOI XU'O'NG SO Khol xdong so (ossa cranii) gom cac xuang: xu'dng tran, xuang sang, xadng chgm, xadng badm, hai xudng thai duang, hai xuang dinh Xiang tran mai XL/Ong le Xu'o'ng ge) Xuring ma ham ken Hinh 14.2 : Xiang dCiu Wit (nhin track) XU'O'NG TRAN (os frontale) Nam trade hOp so, phAn ldn tao tran va tran o mat Xuang trail gem: trai phan mai va phan (3 mat Xadng tram tiep khdp vdi xu'dng dinh bed be dinh (margo parietalis) va vai xuang go ma bdi mom go ma (process us zygomaticus) TRAI TRAN (squama frontalis) 1.1 MAT NGOAI (facies externa) (H.14.3) Tren duOng giGa, phia du'di co dien tren g6e mid (glabella) CI hai ben &king giaa eó u tran (tuber frontale), cung may (arcus superciliaris) va 240 bd tren mat (margo supraorbitalis) O bd ch8 n6i 1/3 va 2/3 ngoai cd 16 tren mat, doi chi la mot khuyet goi IA khuye't tren mat (foramen sive incisura supraorbitalis) 16 hay khuy6t tren mat c6 dOng mach tren mat va nhanh ngoai than kinh tren mat di qua Phia cila 16 tren mat cd khuy6t tram, doi la mot 16 goi la 16 tram (incisura sive foramen frontale) Qua khuy6t tram c6 dOng mach.tren ring roc va nhanh than kinh tren mat di qua Phia ben mat ngoai mat thdi dung (facies temporalis) ngan cdch vdi phan trade bed ding thdi dining (linea temporalis) 1.2 MAT TRONG (facies interna) (H.14.4) chinh gala cd ranh xoang doc tren (sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris) di tit giiia bd dinh va tan ding phia Judi bdi 16 tit (faramen cecum) L6 tit nam giCia mao tran (crista frontalis) va mao ga )(dung sang; doi di qua 16 tit c6 mot tinh mach Mao tram la ch6 dinh cda phan trade liem dai nao O hal ben dung gliita mat trai tran 13i lOm sau thOy tram cila nao de len Mat c6 nhang ranh cda d6ng mach mang nao giga di qua Bd dinh 11 tran niang thai du'dng Ktniygt tren mgt 11110111Pailir Gai mOi Mom gO ma Cung may Bd tren mgt Hinh 14.3: Xitang tran (mdt ngocii) PHAN MCI (pars nasalis) (H.14.5) Phan nh6 va chu vi khong d6u, nho xu6ng phia dudi d yang phia trade khuy6t sang Trong phan cd bd mui (margo nasalis) tong va khdp vdi cdc 'along mil ding vdi mom tram xdung ham tren Gai mill (spina nasalis) nam a giiia va di thang xu6ng vdch mui, giita cdc xuzing milli d tradc va manh thang citing xu'ang sang a sau CI hal ben gal mui la mat c6 ranh tao trail PHAN O MAT (pars orbitalis) (H.14.5) Là phan xu'ung ming nam ngang, a giita cd khuy6t sang (incisura ethmoidalis) Mat mat 241 Ranh xoang doc tren Ranh dOng mach ming nao gifia mao fran Hinh 14.4 Xuang tran (mat trong) (facies orbitalis) cua phan nlidn va 16m, gidi han phia trade bdi 136 trail mat, phia trade ngoai bdi mot ba g6 ghe khdp vdi xuang go ma; phia sau ngoai khdp vdi canh ldn xuung budm; phia sau mOng, khdp vdi b6 trudc canh nhO =mg budm BO &la no tan ding 6' du'Ong khdp tran le va tran sang Phia sau cua bar tren mat va phia &la mom go ma c6 ha' tuy6n le (fossa glandulae lacrimalis) Phia tilt& co horn rang roc (fovea trochlearis) la ch8 barn cOa co cheo tren Phia gin khuy6t sang c6 ranh sang fru& va ranh sang sau, hai ranh hop vdi xu'ung sang tao 18 sang truck (foramen ethmoideale anterius) c6 &Ong mach va than kinh sang tru'dc di qua va 18 sang sau (foramen ethmoideale posterius) co Ong mach va than kinh sang sau di qua Mat phan mat lien quan vdi nao thi hai 16i va c6 nhieu chi) 16i lam nhiing vet an cua cac h6i &la thay trap in len Gai mai Horn ping roc Moto mat Khuyet sang Ranh sang sau MOt thai du'o'ng Hinh 14.5 Xuang tran (mat mat) 242 XOANG TRAN (sinus frontalis) dau cua cung may duc ring )(dung co hai xoang trail dam sat ngan each bai mot vach )(dung ming WONG SANG (os ethmoidale) (H.14.6) Nam phan trudc an so, nho xu6ng phia dudi tii khuygt sang xuang tram Long sang tham gia tao mai va mat Xoang g6m c6 ba phan : MANH SANG (lamina cribrosa) (H.14.7) Manh sang la mot manh xu'ung nam ngang, a Oita c6 mao ga (crista galli) day, hinh tam giac la nth bam cua li0rn dai nao 136 trade ciia mao ga ngan tao canh mao ga (ala cristae galli) khdp vai )(doing trail Gina mao ga vdi xtiang trail co 18 tit ngan each C3 hai ben mao ga manh sang c6 nhigu 18 va cac ranh than kinh khdu giac di qua MANH THANG DING (lamina perpendicularis) (H.14.7) Manh thong clang la mot manh xuang clang thong g6c vdi manh sang de tao mot phan cua vach mai Phia tren clang cua manh thong not tigp vdi mao ga ME DAO SANG (labyrinthus ethmoidalis) (H.14.8) Treo la lung phia du'ai hai ben manh sang Me dao sang Om nhigu phong khi, khong dgu goi la cac xoang sang (cellulae ethmoidales) Xoang sang duo chia lam ba nh6m : trade, giaa va sau Cac xoang sang &Plc lot bdi niem mac lien tuc vai niem mac mai Ben ngoai me dao sang c6 mot manh )(dung ming hinh ta giac goi manh mat (lamina orbitalis) Manh tao phan ldn mat Mat tren dm me dao sang c6 hai ranh hdp ding xlidng trail tao 6ng sang trade va sau co mach va than kinh sang truck va sang sau di qua Mat me dao sang tao nen ngoai mai va c6 hai manh xuong tong goi 1a xuang xoan mai tren (concha nasalis superior), xadng xoan mai gala (concha nasalis media) Doi co )(Long xoan mai teen ding (concha nasalis suprema) dam phia tren )(dung xoan mui teen Cac xuang xoan mai dugs phu niem mac Giaa cac )(Yang xoan mai, mat me dao sang tao cac ngach mai hing la cac ngach mai tren va gala (meatus nasi superior et medius) Phia trade ngach mui giaa la pheu sang (infundibulum ethmoidale), mot dating hep thong gala xoang trail vdi me dao sang Mat traffic me dao sang co vai ban xoang sang va cac ban xoang duo trot mot xoang nguyen ven nhti mat trade me dao sang tigp khap vai xdung 10 Ira mom trail )(acing ham tren Tii phan co mot manh khong cl6u tan goi la mom mac (processus uncinatus) nho xu6ng phia dudi va 243 phia sau de khdp vdi mom sang caa xucrng xoan mui clued tao mot phdn nhO cua ctia xoang ham tren Mat sau me dao sang tie-p khclp with xu'ang bu'am Mao ga L6 sang Manh sang - Me dao sang Xacing xoan mai tren Along xoan mai giela Manh thing Hinh 14.6 Sa d6 Wang sang Mao ga Ranh (6ng) sang twac L6 sang Ranh (6ng) sang sau Duel xu'ong xoan mdi giaa Hinh 14.7 : Xizang sang nhin tren Ngoki a ngoai ngach mid giia c6 mot loi tron lien quan vai mot hay nhieu xoang lon goi la bot sang (build ethmoidalis) Phia trade duai bot sang (glita bot sang va mom m6c) c6 mot khe hep hinh ban nguyest goi la khe ban nguyet (hiatus semilunaris) din den pheu sang Mao ga Minh thing Hinh 14.8 : Xizang sang (nhin ben) 244 WONG DINH (os parietale) hai ben dinh so, hinh hai vuong, c6 hai mat, bon bac, b6n goc During thai du'ong tren Duong thai daong dual Hinh 14.9: Xitong dinh (mat ngoai) ' Ranh xoang doc fir& Goc tran Goo chgm Ranh dOng mach mang nao giUa Ranh xoang xich ma Goc badm - Goo chum Hinh 14.10: Xitong dinh (mat trong) 245 MAT NGOAI (facies externa) (H.14.9.) Cong butiu goi la u dinh (tuber parietale) Co hai du' ng cong: - Diking thai &tang teen (linea temporalis superior) c6 can thai dozing barn - Diking thai dikrng dttdi (linea temporalis inferior) co ca thai duong bam MAT TRONG (facies interim) (H.14.10.) Lien quan vdi nao, c6 nhi6u ranh d6 cac nganh do, ng mach mang nao giaa di qua di gan bar doc giaa co nhi6u h6 nh6 d6 cac hat mang nao narn va a bd doc giaa co ranh xoang tinh mach doc teen (sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris) O phia sau clued gan g6c chdm co ranh xoang tinh mach xich-ma (sulcus sinus sigmoidei) CAC BO Co b6n bd: - Bar doc giaa (margo sagittalis) a tren Bar day co khia rang am va ti6p khdp 'yeti xoang ben canh O canh bar c6 18 dinh (foramen parietale) - Bd trai (margo squamosus) a dtkii, tigp khdp vdi phan trai xiking thai - Bti tran (margo frontalis) a trade, ti6p khdp vdi xuong tran - Bd chdm (margo occipitalis) tip khdp vdi xu'ang chdm CAC GOC G6m b6n goc: - Goc trail (angulus frontalis) la g6c vuong a trade va teen xuang dinh - G6c bu'eim (angulus sphenoidadis) la g6c nhon a talkie va durdi )(acing dinh - G6c chdm (angulus occipitalis) la g6c to a sau teen xu'o'ng dinh - Goc chum (angulus mastoideus) la goc to a sau dirai xuong dinh XLIONG THAI [WONG (os temporale) (H.14.11.) Là xu'ung dOi: mot phan da va phan nhi a ben \Tom so, mot phan an so G6m ba phan: phan trai, phan PHAN TRAI (pars squamosa) La mot phan ben cfra h(ip so Ti6p khdp a tren vdi xiking dinh, a tru'ac vdi xtrang bu'am va a sau vdi xu'o'ng chdm Phan trai g6m hai mat va hai bd: 1.1 MAT THAI DU-ONG (facies temporalis) - Phan tren hai 16i va trim, c6 diking cong de mac va ca thai diking barn vao Ngoai co ranh d6ng mach thai dikrng giaa (sulcus a temporalis mediae) - Phan dutri ngang dinh vao phan da 246 Bei dinh Phan trai CO khop H6 ham Khuye't Binh Co tai ngoai Phan nhi Mom chum Mom boc Mom tram Hinh 14.11: Xiiong thcii du'ung (nhin ngodi) - Giita hai phan da va trai la mom go ma (processus zygomaticus), h6 ham (fossa mandibularis) va cu khdp (tuberculum articulare) va phia sau cu khdp có mat khop (facies articularis) dg tigp khop vdi xu'ong ham du'di tao khdp thdi clticrng ham &Ai 1.2 MAT NAO (facies cerebralis) Nam phia va lien quan vdi nao CO nhigu ranh d6ng mach mang nao gala 1.3 BO DINH (margo parietalis) o tren vet ties-p khop vai xitung dinh 1.4 BO BLIC1M (margo sphenoidalis) day, hinh rang cata, phia khdp vdi bar sau cua canh lan )(acing Wain Phia sau phan trai CO khuygt dinh (incisura parietalis) not vdi nen cua phan da xtfcing thdi clucrng PHAN DA (pars petrosa) (H.14.12.) Hinh thdp khong deu, nen khdp vdi phan trai va phan nhi tao vdch ngoai so nao va mom chum (processus mctstoideus) MOrn có nhe hinh chum cau ma dinh o phia trok dad Mat ngoai so co mot diking n6i gala phan da va phan trai xuang thai du'cing goi la khe dd trai (fissura petrosquamosa) C1 phia sau mom chum co khuygt chum (incisura mastoidea) de car hai than barn va co ranh d6ng mach chain (sulcus a occipitalis) C3 tren có 10 chum (foramen mastoideum) d6 tinh mach di qua €$ mat so co ranh xoang xich-ma (sulcus sinus sigmoidei) dg xoang tinh mach ben nam Phan dd nam ngang inking vao trung tam an so G6m hai bo tren va sau (con bet that ba bd tru'eic khong r6 rang), va ba mat: trade, sau va 247 — pars orbitalis — pars palpebralis M orbicularis oris Mm ossiculorum auditus M palatoglossus M palatopharyngeus M palmaris brevis M palmaris longus M pectineus M pectoralis major — pars abdominalis — pars clavicularis — pars sternocostalis M pectoralis minor M peroneus brevis M peroneus longus M peroneus tertis M piriformis M plantaris M platysma M popliteus M procerus M pronator quadratus M pronator teres — Caput humerale — Caput ulnare M psoas major M pterygoideus lateralis M pterygoideus medialis M pyramydalis auriculae M quadratus plantae M quadriceps femoris M rectus capitis anterior M rectus capitis posterior major M rectus capitis posterior minor M rectus femoris M rectus inferior M rectus lateralis M rectus medialis M rectus superior M risorius M salpingopharyngeus M sartorius M scalenus anterior M scalenus medius M scalenus posterior M semitendinosus M semimembranosus 276 276 279 441 356 356 109 91 178 56 56 56 56 57 208 208 207 162 215 286 215,197 277 92 91,92 92 92 176 281 281 433 226 162, 176 281 281 281 176 424 424 424 424 278 371, 442 176 285 286 286 187 187 M serratus anterior M soleus M splenius capitis M splenius cervicis M sphineter pupillae M stapedius M sternohyoideus M sternothyroideus M sternocleidomastoideus M stylohyoideus M stylopharyngeus M styloglossus M subscapularis M subclavius M suprahyoidei M supinator M supraspinatus M tarsalis inferior M tarsalis superior M temporalis M temporoparietalis M tensor fascia latae M tensor veli palatini M tensor tympani M teres major M teres minor M thyroarytenoideus M thyroepiglotticus M thyrohyoideus M tibialis anterior M tibialis posterior M tragicus M transversus auriculae M transversus linguae M transversus menti M triceps brachii — Caput laterale — Caput longum — Caput mediale M triceps surae M uvulae M vastus intermedius M vastus lateralis M vastus medialis M verticalis linguae M vocalis M zygomaticus major M zygomaticus minor 56 215 282 287 420 441 284 284 287 283 371 361 58 56 283 101 58 426 426 280 275 159, 161 356, 442 441 58 58 390 390 284 205 143, 217 433 433 361 278 76 76 60, 76 76 214 356 176 176 176 361 390 278 278 525 N 405,408 Nares 405 Nasus externus 462 Nervi alveolares superiores 464 Mn auriculares anteriores 312,468 Nervi auricularis post 472 Nn caroticotympanici 459 Nn ciliares breves 461 Nn ciliares longi 159 Nn clunium inferiores 159 Nn clunium medii 158 Nn clunium superiores 453 Nn craniales 211 Nn digitales dorsales hallucis lateralis 232 Nn digitales plantares communes 232 Nn digitales plantares proprii 455 Nn olfactorii 463 Nn palatini minores 56 Nn pectorales 347 Nn phrenici accessorii 462 Nn pterygopalatini 453 Nn spinales 349 Nn supraclaviculares intermedii 349 Nn supraclaviculares laterales 349 Nn supraclaviculares mediales 463 Nn temporales profundi 459 Nervus abducens 476 N accessorius 477 N accessorius, ramus externus 477 N accessorius, ramus internus 465 N alveolaris inferior 457 N ampullaris anterior 457 N ampullaris posterior 457 N ampullaris lateralis 194 Nn anococcygei 464 N auricularis anterioris 312 N auricularis posterior 349 N auricularis magnus, ramus ant 349 N auricularis magnus, ramus post 463,438 N auriculotemporalis 51,61 N axillaris 464 N buccalis 463 N canalis pterygoidei 61,75 N cutaneus antebrachii medialis 99 N cutaneus antebrachii post (n.radialis) 526 61,75 N cutaneus brachii medialis 211,233 N cutaneus dorsalis intermedius 233 N cutaneus dorsalis lateralis 211,233 N cutaneus dorsalis medialis 173 N cutaneus femoris lateralis 159,165,211 N cutaneus femoralis posterior 165,196,211 N cutaneus surae lateralis 211 — Ramus communicans peroneus N cutancus surae medialis 196,211 N digitalis palmaris communis 112 N digitalis palmaris proprii 112 N digitalis plantaris propi 232 N digiti secundi medialis 211 N ethmoidalis anterior 461 N ethmoidalis posterior N facialis N femoralis N frontalis N genitofemoralis N glossopharyngeus N gluteus inferior N gluteus superior N hypoglossus, rami linguales N hypoglossus N ilioinguinalis N infraorbitalis —Rami nasales externi —Rami nasales interni N infratrochlearis N intermedius N interosseus anterior N interosseus cruris N interosseus posterior N ischiadicus N lacrimalis N laryngeus inferior N laryngeus recurrens N laryngeus superior N lingualis N mandibularis N massetericus N maxillaris N meatus acustici externi 461 466 184 460 180, 173 470 166 164 478 477 173 462 463 463 461 466 99 219 102 164, 166 460 475 475 475 464 435,463 463 462 435,464 N medianus 60, 76 — Radix lateralis 60 61 — Radix medialis 112 —Ramus communicans cum n ulnaris 465 N mentalis 60, 75 N musculocutaneus N mylohyoideus 465 461 N nasociliaris 463 N nasopalatinus 184 N obturatorius 349 N occipitalis minor 457 N octavus 458 N oculomotorius 459 —Ramus inferior 459 —Ramus superior 455 Nn olfactorii 460 N ophthalmicus 460 N ophthalmicus, ramus tentorii 416, 450 N opticus 463 N palatinus major 56 Nn pectorales 166, 196 N peroneus communis 210 N peroneus profundus 211 — Rami musculares 202, 211 N peroneus supeficialis — N cutaneus dorsalis intermedius 202, 211 202, 211 — N cutaneus dorsalis medialis 211 —Rami musculares 463 N petrosus major 465, 472 N petrosus minor 463 N petrosus profundus 346 N phrenicus 347 —rami pericardiacus 219, 223, 232 N plantaris lateralis 219, 223, 232 N plantaris medialis 464 N pterygoideus lateralis 464 N pterygoideus medialis 167 N pudendus 61, 79 N radialis 457 N saccularis 184, 202 N saphenus 468 N stapedius 347 N subclavius 464 N sublingualis 461 N supraorbitalis 326 N suprascapularis 462 Nn pterygopalatini 461 N supratrochlearis N suralis 211 212 — Rami calcanei lateralis N tensoris tympani 465 465 N tensoris veli palatini N tibialis 166, 196, 219 — Rami calcanei mediales 219 219 — Rami musculares 349 N transversus colli 460 N trigeminus 460 N trigeminus, radix motoria 460 N trigeminus, radix sensoria 459 N trochlearis 438, 472 N tympanicus 76 N ulnaris 112 — Ramus superficialis 112 — Ramus profundus 457 N utricularis 457 N utriculoampullaris 347, 435, 474 N vagus 457 N vestibulocochlearis 457 — Pars cochlearis 457 — Pars vestibularis 457 — Radix cochlearis 457 — Radix inferior 457 — Radix superior 457 — Radix vestibularis 462 N zygomaticus 339 Nodi lymphatici buccales 340 Nodi lymphatici cervicales profundi 339 Nodi lymphatici cervicales superficiales 323 Nodi lympatici mediastinales anteriores 174 Nodi lymphatici inguinales superficiales 179 Nodi inguinales superficiales lymphatici 343 Nodus lymphaticus jugulodigastricus 343 Nodus lymphaticus juguloomohyoides 335 Nodi lymphatici linguales 339 Nodi lymphatici mandibulares 337 Nodi lymphatici occipitales 338 Nodi lymphatici parotidei profundi 337 Nodi lymphatici parotidei superficiales 337 Nodi lymph retroauriculares 338 Nodi lymph retropharyngei 339 Nodi lymph submentales 339 Nodi lymph submandibulares 399 Nodi lymph tracheobronchiales inferiores 442 Noduli lymph tubarii 458 Nucleus accessorius 471 Nucleus ambiguus 527, Nucleus cochlearis dorsalis 457 Nucleus salivatorius inferior 471 Nucleus cochlearis ventralis 457 Nucleus salivatorius superior 466 Nucleus dorsalis n glossopharyngei 471 Nucleus sensorius principalis n trigemini 460 Nucleus dorsalis n vagi 474 Nucleus spinalis n accessorii 476 Nucleus lentis 422 Nucleus tractus solitarii 466 Nucleus motorius n trigemini 460 Nacleus tr mesencephalici n trigemini 460 Nucleus n abducens 459 Nucleus tr spinalis n trigemini 460 Nucleus n trochlearis 459 Nucleus vestibularis inferior 457 Nucleus n facialis 466 Nucleus vestibularis lateralis 457 Nucleus n hypoglossi 477 Nucleus vestibularis medialis 457 Nucleus n oculomotorii 458 Nucleus vestibularis superior 457 O Oculus Olecranon Ora serrata 416 40 420 —Margo posterior Os frontale —Facies orbitalis 136 240 242 Orbita 264, 417 —Facies temporalis 241 Organa oculi accessoria 416, 422 —Margo nasalis 241 Organum spirale 444 —Margo parietalis 240 Organum vestibulocochleare 430 —Mdrgo supraorbitalis 241 Organum visus 416 —Pars nasalis 241 Organum vomeronasale 409 —Pars orbitalis 241 Os capitatum 41 Os hamatum 41 Os coxae 124 Os hyoideum 262, 382 Os cuboideum 142 —Corpus 262 Os cuneiforme intermedium 142 — Cornu majus 263 Os cuneiforme laterale 142 —Cornu minus 263 Os cuneiforme mediale 142 Os ilium 124 Os ethmoidale 243 Os ischii 124 — Lamina cribosa 243 Os lacrimale — Lamina orbitalis 243 Os lunatum — Lamina perpendicularis 243 Ossa metacarpalia I - V Os femoris, corpus femoris 129 Os nasale Os femur 127 Os naviculare 259 41 42 259 142 Os fibulae 135 Os occipitale 528 — Corpus fibulae 135 — Margo lambdoideus — Facies lateralis 136 — Margo mastoideus — Facies medialis 136 —Pars basilaris — Facies posterior 136 —Pars lateralis — Margo anterior 136 —Squama occipitalis — Margo interosseus 136 Os palatinum 252 252 252 252 252 252 256 * Lamina per pendicularis 257 — Facies anterior partis petrosae 248 — Facies nasalis 257 — Facies post partis petrosae 249 — Facies palatina 257 — Margo occipitalis 248 256 — Margo post partis petrosae 248 — Facies nasalis 256 — Margo sup partis petrosae 248 — Facies maxillaris 256 * Lamina perpendicularis * Pars squamosa 246 245 — Facies cerebralis 247 — Angulus frontalis 246 — Facies temporalis 246 — Angulus mastoideus 246 — Margo parietalis 247 — Angulus occipitalis 246 — Margo sphenoidalis 247 — Angulus sphenoidalis 246 * Pars tympanica 249 — Margo frontalis 246 Os tibia 132 — Margo occipitalis 246 Facies laterale 132 — Margo sagittalis 246 — Facies medialis 132 — Margo squamosus 246 — Facies posterior 132 Os patella 131 — Corpus tibiae 132 — Apex 132 — Margo anterior 132 — Basis 132 — Margo interosseus 132 — Facies anterior 132 — Margo posterior 132 — Facies articularis 132 Os parietale Os pisiforme Os pubis Os scaphoideum 41 124 41 Os trapezium 41 Os trapezoideum 41 Os triquetrum 41 Os zygomaticum 257 Os sphenoidale 250 — Facies lateralis 258 * Ala major 251 — Facies orbitalis 258 — Facies cerebralis 251 — Facies temporalis 258 — Facies maxillaris 251 Ossa carpi 40 240 — Facies orbitalis 251 Ossa cranii — Facies temporalis 251 Ossa digitorium manus — Margo frontalis 251 Ossa digitorum pedis — Margo parictalis 251 Ossa faciei — Margo zygomaticus 251 Ossa metacarpalia 42 — Margo squamosus 251 Ossa metatarsalia 142 251 Ossa sesamoidea 251 Ossa tarsi 139 251 Ossicula auditus 440 * Ala minor Processus pterygoideus — Lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei 43 139,142 254 44 — Lamina medialis processus pterygoidei 251 Ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae 372,442 246 Ostium tympanicum tubae auditivae 437 Os temporale Pars petrosa 247 529 P Palatum durum 356 Palatum molle 356, 372 Palma manus 106 Palpebra inferior 426 Palpebra superior 426 Palpebrae 426 Papilla lacrimalis 426 Papillae conicae 360 Papillae foliatae 360 Papillae filiformes 360 Papillae fungiformes 360 Papillae linguales 360 Papille vallatue 360 Panes caroticus 437 Pafies jugularis (cavum tympani) 436 Paries labyrinthicus (cavum tympani) 436 Paries mastoideus (cavum tympani) 437 Panes membranaceus (trachea) 397 Panes membranaceus (cavum tympani) 437 Paries tegmentalis (cavum tympani) 436 Paries tympanicus ductus cochlearis 444 Panes vestibularis ductus cochlearis 445 Pars palpebralis (glandula lacrimalis) 427 Pars buccopharyngea 370 Pars cartilaginea (septum nasi) 408 Pars cartilaginea tubae auditivae 442 Pars ciliaris retinae 420 Pars ceratopharyngea 370 Pars chondropharyngea 370 Pars cricopharyngea 370 Pars flaccida (membrana tympani) 438 Pars glosspharyngea 370 Pars intercartiaginea (rima glottidis) 393 Pars intermembranacea (rima glottidis) 393 Pars iridica retinae 420 Pars laryngea 374 Pars laryngea pharyngis 392 Pars membranacea (septum nasi) 409 Pars mobilis septi nasi 405 Pars mylopharyngea Pars nasalis (pharynx) Pars optica retinae Pars orbitalis (glandula lacrimalis) Pars profunda (glandulae parotis) 530 370 372 420 427 357 Pars pterygopharyngea Pars ossa (septum nasi) Pars ossea tubae auditivae Pars palpebralis (glandula lacrimalis) Pars superficialis (glandula parotis) Pars tensa (membrana tympani) Pars thyropharyngea Patellor Pectea ossis pubis Pelvis Pelvis major Pelvis minor Periorbita Pericranium Perilympha Petiolus epiglottidis (cartilago epiglottis) Phalanx — Basis phalangis — Corpus phalangis — Caput phalangis Phalanx distalis Phalanx media Phalanx proximalis Pharynx Philtrum Planta pedis Plexus brachialis — Fasciculus lateralis — Fasc medialis — Fasc posterior — Truncus inferior — Truncus medius — Truncus superior Plexus caroticus internus Plexus cavernosi concharum Plexus cervicalis Plexus dentalis inferior Plexus dentalis superior Plexus esophageus Plexus parotideus Plexus pharyngeus 335, Plexus pterygoideus Plexus pulmonalis Plexus thyroideus impar Plexus tympanicus Plexus venosus suboccipitalis 370 408 442 427 357 438 370 131 126, 127 127 125, 127 125, 127 422 263 445 383 43, 142 43, 142 43, 142 43, 142 44, 142 43, 142 43, 142 380, 366 279 222 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 442 409 346 465 462 475 467 376, 475 333, 443 475 336 442, 443 336 Plexus tympanicus (IX) 436, 442, 443, 472 Plexus venosus suboccipitalis 336 Plica aryepiglottica 384 Plica glossoepiglottica mediana et lateralis 361, 372 Plica lacrimalis 428 Plica mallearis posterior 438 Plica mallearis anterior 438 Plica nervi laryngei 375 Plica salpingopalatina 372 Plica salpingopharyngea 372 Plica semilunaris conjunctivae 426 Plica sublingualis 358 Plica ventricularis 392 Plica vestibularis 386 Plicae vocalis 387, 392 Plicae iridis 420 Plica palatinae transversae 356 Polus ant et post lentis 421 Polus ant (bulbus oculi) 418, 421 Polus post (bulbus oculi) 418, 421 249 Porus acusticus internus Processus alveolaris 255 Processus anterior (malleus) 440 Processus ciliares 420 Processus clinoideus anterior 251 Processus clinoideus medius 251 Processus clinoideus posterior 251 Processus cochleariformis 436 Processus condylaris 262, 267 Processus coronoideus 33, 40, 262, 258 Processus ethmoidalis Processus frontalis 255,258 Processus intrajugularis 248 Processus jugularis 252 Processus lacrimalis 258 Processus lateralis (malleus) 440 Processus lateralis tali 141 Processus lateralis tuberis calcanei 141 Processus lenticularis (incus) 440 Processus mastoideus 250 Processus maxillaris 258 Processus medialis tuberis calcanei 141, 142 Processus muscularis (cartilago arytenoidea) 383 Processus palatinus 255 Processus posterior tali 141 Processus pterygoideus 251 Processus styloideus 249 Processus styloideus (os metacarpale) 43 Processus styloideus (radius) 38 Processus styloideus (ulna) 40 Processus temporalis 258 Processus uncinatus 243 249 Processus vaginalis Processus vocalis (cartilago arytenoidea) 383 Processus zygomaticus 240, 247 ,255 Prominentia canalis facialis 436 Prominentia canalis semicircularis lateralis 436 Prominentia laryngea 382 Prominentia mallearis 438 Promontorium 127 Protuberantia occipitalis externa 252 Protuberantia occipitalis interna 252 Protuberantia mentalis 261 Promontorium (paries labyrinthicus cavum tympani) 436 Pulpa dentis 859 Punctum lacrimale 426, 428 Pupilla 420 R Radices craniales Radices spinales Radius — Facies anterior —Facies lateralis —Facies posterior —Margo anterior —Margo interosseus —Margo posterior Radix dentis Radix facialis Radix linguae 476 477 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 359 463 360, 361 Radix nasi Radix oculomotoria Rami alvealares superoanterius Rami alveolares superomedius Rami alveolares superoposterius Rami bronchiales Rami buccales Rami caleanei mediales Rami caleanei lateralis Rami cardiaci cervicales sup et inf Rami cardiaci thoracis Rami celiaci 405 459 462 462 462 475 468 223 223 475 475 475 531 464 Rami communicantes cum n faciali 464 Rami communicantes cum n hypoglosso 466 Rami communicantes cum n linguali 173,184 Rami cutanei anteriores (n.femoris) 184 Rami cutanei cruris mediales 465 Rami dentales inferiores 462 Rami dentales superiores 363 Rami dorsales linguae 475 Rami gastrici anteriores 475 Rami gastrici posteriores 462 Rami gingivales superiores 465 Rami gingivales inferiores 466 Rami glandulares 475 Rami hepatici 464 Rami isthmi faucium 465 Rami labiales inferiores 463 Rami labiales superiores 464,473,478 Rami linguales 210 Rami malleolares laterales 210 Rami malleolares mediales 465 Rami mentales 184 Rami musculares (n femoralis) 461 Rami nasales 463 Rami nasales inferolaterales 461, 463 Rami nasales interni 463 Rami nasales externi 461 Rami nasales mediales 463 Rami nasales posteriores 463 Rami nasales post sup mediales 463 Rami nasales superolaterales 463 Rami orbitales 463 Rami palpebrales inferiores 331, 464 Rami parotidei 114, 231 Rami perforantes 165 Rami perincales (n cutaneus femoralis post.) 473, 475 Rami pharyngei 475 Rami renales 468 Rami temporales 464 Rami temporales superficiales 473 Rami tonsillares 400 Rami tracheales 468 Rami zygomatici 435, 438, 475 Ramus auricularis (n.vagus) 468 Ramus colli Ramus communicans cum chorda tympani 464, 465 461 Ramus communicans cum ganglio ciliari Ramus communicans cum n glossopharyngea 468 Ramus communicans cum n laryngeo inferiore 475 459 Ramus communicans cum n nasociliari 532 460 Ramus communicans cum n zygomatico 468 Ramus communicans cum plexus tympanico Ramus communicans cum r auriculari n vagi 472 465 Ramus communicans cum ramo meningeo 173 Ramus cutaneus n obturatorius 468 Ramus digastricus 173 Ramus femoralis n gentitofemoralis 124 Ramus inferior ossis pubis 184 Ramus infrapatellaris 414 Ramus labialis superioris 468 Ramus lingualis 262 Ramus mandibulae 468 Ramus marginales mandibulae 464 Ramus membranae tympani 462,463,475 Ramus meningeus 314 Ramus meningeus accessorius 473 Ramus m stylopharyngei 461 Ramus nasalis externus 458 Ramus occipitalis 124 Ramus ossis ischii 114 Ramus palmaris profundus 113 Ramus palmaris superficialis 442 Ramus petrosus 463 Ramus pharyngeus 235 Ramus plantaris profundus 473 Ramus sinus carotici 124 Ramus superior ossis pubis 363 Ramus suprahyoideus 468 Ramus stylohyoideus 459 Ramus sympathicus ad ganglion ciliare 472 Ramus tubarius 462 Ramus zygomaticofacialis 462 Ramus zygomaticotemporalis 356 Raphe palati 369 Raphe pharyngis 279,370 Raphe pterygomandibularis 447 Recessus ellipticus 435 Recessus epitympanicus 372 Recessus pharyngeus 375 Recessus pyriformis 409 Recessus sphenocthmoidalis 447 Recessus sphericus 90 Regio antebranchii anterior 95 Regio antebrachii posterior 54 Regio axillaris 71 Regio brachii anterior 76 Regio brachii posterior 230 Regio calcanea 202 Regio cruris anterior Regio cruris posterior Regio cubiti anterior Regio cubiti posrior Regio deltoidea 211 83 87 Rete malleolare mediale Rete patellae 210 198 55 172 Rete venosum dorsale pedis Rete venosum plantaris Retina 187 Retinacula laterale Regio genus anterior Regio genus posterior Regio glutea 194 195 Retinacula mediale Retinacula patellae 156 Regio olfactoria 411 Retinaculum extensorum inferius et superius 208 Retinaculum flexorum 42, 107 Retinaculum mm extensorium inferius 233 Retinaculum mm peronerum inferius 208 Retinaculum mm peronerum superius 208 Retinaculum patellae laterale 148 Regio femoris anterior Regio femoris posterior Regio olfactoria tunicae mucoseae nasi Regio pectoralis 408, 455 Regio respiratoria (tunia mucosa nasi) Regio scapularis 408, 411 Rete articulare genus Rete articulare cubiti Rete calcanei Rete carpi dorsale Rete malleolare laterale 56 58 198 94 219 97, 115 210 Retinaculum patellae mediale Rima oris 210, 233 223 420 176 176 176 Rima palpebrarum Rima vestibuli 148 354 426 393 Rostrum sphenoidale 253 S Sacculus Sacculus laryngis Sacculus lacrimalis Sacrum Scala tympani Scala vestibuli Scapha (auricula) Scapula — Facies costalis — Facies dorsalis — Margo lateralis — Margo medialis Margo superior Sclera Sella turcica Semicanalis m tensor tympani Septum canalis musculotubarii Septum linguae Septum nasi Septum intermuscularis femoris laterale Septum intermuscularis femoris mediale Septum intermuscularis post cruris Septum orbitale Sinus caroticus Sinus cavernosus Sinus ethmoidalis 444 393 428 123 446 446 432 32 32 32 33 33 33 419 251 441 442 361 408 171 172 202 422 315 330 411 Sinus frontalis Sinus maxillaris Sinus paranasales Sinus petrosus inf Sinus sphenoidalis Sinus sigmoideus Sinus venosus sclerae Spatium perilymphaticum Spina iliaca ant inf Spina iliaca anterior superior Spina iliaca post inf Spina iliaca post sup Spina ischiadica Spina mentalis Spina nasalis Spina nasalis anterior Spina nasalis posterior Spina ossis sphenoidalis Spina scapulae (scapula) Squama frontalis Squama occipitalis Stapes Stratum cerebrale Stratum circulare (membrana tympani) Stratum cutaneum (membrana tympani) Stratum ganglion retinae 243, 411 255, 410 409 335 411 334 419, 422 446 126 126 126 126 126 262 241 255 265 269 32 240 252 440 421 438 438 421 533 421,456 Stratum ganglion n.optici 438 Stratum mucosum (membrana tympani) 421 Stratum neuroepitheliale 420 Stratum pigmenti corporis ciliaris 420 Stratum pigmenti (retina) 438 Stratum radiatum (membrana tympani) 438 Stria mallearis 420 Stroma iridis 421 Subtantia lentis 419 Substantia propria corneae 419 Substantia propria sclerae 247 Sulcus a occipitalis 246 Sulcus a temporalis mediae Sulcus calcanei Sulcus carpi Sulcus caroticus Sulcus chiasmatis Sulcus ethmoidalis Sulcus infraorbitalis Sulcus intertubercularis Sulcus lacrimalis 14141 251 250 260 255 34 255,259 Sulcus mylohyoideus 262 Sulcus nasolabialis Sulcus n petrosi majoris 277 Sulcus n petrosi minoris Sulcus n radialis Sulcus ulnaris 248 248 34 34 262 Sulcus mylohyoideus 125 Sulcus obturatorius 255, 256 Sulcus palatinus major 419 Sulcus selera 248 Sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris 246, 248 Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris 241, 252 Sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris 246, 247 Sulcus sinus sigmoidei 252 Sulcus sinus transversi 140 Sulcus tali 141, 142, 215 Sulcus tend m flex hall longi 141, 142, 143, 208 Sulcus tendinis m peronei longi 360 Sulcus terminalis 442 Sulcus tubae auditivae 249., 437 Sulcus tympanicus 426 Supercilium 141 Sustentaculum tali 263, 264 Sutura coronalis 263 Sutura frontalis 263 Sutura lambdoidea 263 Sutura sagittalis 264 Sutura sphenofrontalis 264 Sutura sphenoparietalis 264 Sutura sphenosquamosa 264 Sutura sphenozygomatica 265 Sutura squamosa 150 Syndesmosis tibiofibularis Syndesmosis tympanostapedia 441 T Talus Tarsus inferior Tarsus superior Tegmen tympani Tela subcutanea Tela submucosa {pharynx) Tendo Achillis Tendo calcaneus Thymus Tonsilla lingualis Tonsilla palatina Tonsilla pharyngea Tonsilla tubaris Torus levatorius Torus tubarius 534 140 426 426 248 172 371 215 215 398 361, 372 356, 372 367 372 372 372 Trachea Tractus iliotibialis Tractus opticus Tragus Trigonum caroticum Trigonum femorale Trigonum omoclaviculare Trigonum submandibulare Trochanter major Trochanter minor Trochanter tertius Trochlea humeri Trochlea peronealis Trochlea tali Truncus brachiocephalicus 397, 380 161 456 432 288 179 289 288, 330 129, 131 129 129 35 141 142, 151 302 Truncus costocervicalis Truncus lingusfacialis Truncus thyrocervicalis Truncus vagalis Tuba auditiva Tuberculum articulare Tuber calcanei Tuber frontale Tuber ischiadicum Tuber maxillae Tuber parietale Tuberculum adductorium Tuberculum articulare Tuberculum auriculae Tuber calcanei Tuber culum caroticum Tuberc conoideum Tuberculum epiglotticum Tuberc infraglenoidale Tuberc intercondylare laterale Tuberc intercondylare mediale Tuberc laterale (talus) Tuberc majus (humerus) Tuberc mediale (talus) Tuberc minus (humerus) Tuberc oss scaphoidei 326 312 324 475 435, 442 267 141, 142 240 126 255 246 129, 131, 178 247, 268 431 141 304 30 384 32 135 135 141 34 141 34 42 Tuberc oss trapezii 42 Ulna — Margo anterior 39 40 40 40 —Margo interosseus 40 —Facies anterior —Facies posterior Tuberc pharyngeum Tuberc pubicum Tuberc supraglenoidale Tuberc thyroideum inf Tuberc thyroidcum sup Tuberositas deltoidea Tuberositas glutea Tuberositas iliaca Tuberos ossis cuboidei Tuberos ossis metatarsalis Tuberos ossis navicularis Tuberos radii Tuberos tibiae Tunica conjunctiva bulbi Tunica conjunctiva palpebrarum Tunica conjunctivum Tunica fibrosa bulbi Tunica interna bulbi Tunica mucosa (larynx) Tunica mucosa nasi Tunica mucosa (pharynx) Tunica mucosa oris Tunica mucosa (trachea) Tunica mucosa (tuba auditiva) Tunica muscularis pharyngis Tunica vasculosa bulbi — Margo posterior Umbo membranae tympani Utriculis Uvula palatina 252 126 33 382 382 34 129 126 142,143 142 142, 143 36,37 133,135 426 426 426 418 420 371,393 411 371 356 397 442 366 419 40 438 444 356, 372 V Vagina bulbi 424 Vagina carotica 297 Vagina tendinis m tibialis ant 233 Vagina processus styloidei 249 Vagina synoviales communis mm flexorum 110 Vagina tendinis m extensoris hallucis longi 233 — Pars anularis vaginae fibrosac — Pars cruciformis vaginac fibrosac Vaginae synoviales digitorum manus Vaginae tend m extensoris digitorum pedis longi Vagina tendinis m flexoris pollicis longi 110 Vallecula epiglottica Vagina tendinis m tibialis anteriores 233 Velum palatinum Vaginae fibrosae digitorum manus 111 112 112 110 233 261, 372 356 535 330 Vena angularis 333 Vv articulares temporomandibulares 333 V auricularis 333 Vv auriculares anteriores 333 V auricularis posterior 64 V axillaris 72, 75, 84, 91 V basilica 75 Vv brachiales 334 V brachiocephalicae 337 Vv bronchiales 335 V canaliculi cochlea 333 V canalis pterygoidei 336 V cava superior 72, 75, 84, 91 V cephalica 336 V cervicalis profunda 223 Vv digitales plantares 364 V dorsales linguae 337 Vv esophageae 331, 330 Vv faciei profunda 330 V facialis 331 — Rami parotidei 174, 184, 198 V femoralis 198 Vv genus 333 V jugularis anterior 333 V jugularis externa 333 V jugularis interna 331 Vv labiales inferiores 331 V labialis superior 448 Vv labyrinthi 336, 394 V laryngea inferior 394 V laryngea superior 335 V lingualis 333 Vv maxillares 83, 91 V mediana antebrachii 83 V mediana cubiti Vv meningeae 335 Vv meningeae mediae 333 Vv metatarsae plantares 223 333 V occipitalis V ophthalmica 330 330 Vv palpebrales inferiores Vv palpebrales superiores 330 Vv parotidae V palatina externa Vv peroneae V pharyngea V poplitea V profunda linguae V retromandibularis V saphena magna V saphena parva V sternocleidomastoidea V subclavia V sublingualis V submentalis V supraorbitalis V suprascapularis Vv supratrochleares V stylomastoidea V temporalis media Vv temporales profundae Vv temporales superficiales Vv thyrojdeae inferior V thyroidea superior V thyroidea mediae Vv thymicae Vv tibiales anteriores Vv tibiales posteriores Vv tympanicae Vv transversae colli V transversa faciei Vv tracheales V vertebralis V vertebralis anterior Ventriculus laryngis Vertex Vertex corneae Vestibulum Vestibulum laryngis Vestibulum nasi Vestibulum oris Vincula tendinum Vinculum breve Vinculum longum Vomer 333 219 376 198 364 331 174,202,233 190,196,198,233 335 333 364 331 330 333 330 333 333 333 333 336 335 335 337 198,210 198,219 333 333 333 337 336 336 392 263 419 447 392,393 408 355 110 110 110 260 333 z Zona orbicularis 536 145 I Zonula ciliares 422 CONG TY TNHH MOT THANH VIEN NHA XUAT BAN Y HOC CHI NHANH TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH Dia chi: 699 Tr'in Hung Dao P.1, Q.5 TP.116 Chi Minh Bien Thoai: 39235648 Fax: 39230562 Email: cnxuatbanyhoc@gmail.com Bai giang Gill PHAU HOC 1Tap Chiu trach nhiOm xuAt ban: HOANG TRONG QUANG Chiu trach nhiam ban thao: VO THI GIANG HU'O'NG Bien tap: ThS Hoang BA° Khanh Trinh bay bia: Mai Xuan Horai In 1.000 cutin kh6 19x27cm tai C6ng ty CP In N6ng Nghie'p, 292/3 Kha Von Can, P Hip Binh Chanh, Q Thii TP HCM S6 Bang ky Ica hooch xuAt ban: 23-2013/CXB/14185NH 02/01/2013 S6 xuAt ban: 350/QD-YH 04/10/2013 In xong va nOp chieu guy IV/2013 CONG TY TNHHIVICIT THANH VIEN NHA CHI NHANH Dia chi: 699 TrAn Dien thoai: 08.2 Email: cm I 1•I I F-2014-0004* b TTU Library 611.00 Ng527( Reserved Gia: 135.000 cl ... MA (os zygomaticum) (H.14 .22 .) Mom tran Mom tran NW mAt L6 L6 gO ma thai during L6 go ma mat go ma m6t not thai during A MAT TRONG B MAT NGOAI Hinh 14 .22 : Xitcmg go ma 25 7 Di tit xu''o''ng thai duang... xoong ham dudi 2. 2 .2 Day chAng btidm - ham chidi (lig sphenomandibulare) barn tit gai xu''ong badm (spina ossis sphenoidalis) tdi krdi )(acing ham dtidi (lingula mandibulare) 2. 2.3 Day chang tram... c) LO bau duc 27 2 1 62 Deng mach mat chui qua 16 nao nen so : a) (1) d) (4) b) (2) e) (6) c) (3) 163 Cac 16 (hay 6ng) nao dtkic tao nen ski tip khdp cua cac ''along kg can : a) (2) , (3) d) (7),