In English traditional grammar, a phrasal verb is the combination of two or three words from different grammatical categories — a verb and a particle, such as an adverb or a preposition — to form a single semantic unit on a lexical or syntactic level. Examples: turn down, run into, sit up. There are tens of thousands of them, and they are in everyday, constant use. These semantic units cannot be understood based upon the meanings of the individual parts but must be taken as a whole. In other words, the meaning is noncompositional and thus unpredictable. Phrasal verbs that include a preposition are known as prepositional verbs and phrasal verbs that include a particle are also known as particle verbs. Additional alternative terms for phrasal verb are compound verb, verbadverb combination, verbparticle construction, twopart wordverb or threepart wordverb (depending on the number of particles) and multiword verb.
Trang 1Phrase Transcript Meaning Example
go off /ɡəʊ ɒf/
phát ra tiếng kêu, báo thức
It makes a sudden loud noise when the alarm goes off
wake
thức giấc, đánh thức
I am having an important meeting tomorrow Will you wake me up at 6 am?
turn off /tɜːn ɒf/ tắt đi
We turned off the light before anyone could see us
get up /ɡet ʌp/ thức dậy What time do you often get up in the
morning?
put on /pʊt ɒn/ mặc vào (quần
áo) I put on a sweater and a jacket
get on /ɡet ɒn/ lên xe (xe buýt,
tàu hỏa)
Passengers are not allowed to get on the bus with lots of luggage
get off /ɡet ɒf/ xuống xe Every passenger must be careful when
getting off the train
go into /ɡəʊ ˈɪntuː/ bắt đầu làm việc
gì
He went into a long explanation of the affair
I'm a "morning person"
The alarm goes off at 7.00 o'clock I wake up and turn it off I get up quickly and go downstair to have a shower I sing a song in the shower I love putting on my jacket
every Tuesday While listening to my favorite English Time, I take a cup ofcoffee Mmm Then I have some toast for breakfast I take my bag and run to catch
the bus I get on the bus and go for three or four stops, and get off I go into work and
say ''GOOD MORNING'' to my first class It's 8.30 am
W: What time do you usually get up?
Trang 2M: Well, my alarm often wakes me up at 7:00 o'clock, but sometimes I stay in bed until
I have to turn off the alarm for the second time
W: What kind of clothes do you wear for an interview?
M: Shirts and trousers may be a good choice though I just love putting on casual
clothes
W: Do we get off at the next bus stop?
M: No, we just got on the bus 3 stops ago.
Trang 3come in /kʌm ɪn/ vào, tới, đến
Always be sure to show a friendly smile when
a customer comes in
stand
up
/stænd
ʌp/
đứng lên He was sitting on a bench then
suddenly stood up
sit
down /sɪt daʊn/ ngồi xuống
We sat down with Greg to discuss a new
extended contract
take
out /teɪk aʊt/
lấy ra, đem ra, mang ra
The thief who broke into the museum last
night took out a lot of precious paintings write
down
/raɪt
daʊn/ viết (vào giấy)
Sorry, why do I have to write down my name
on every page of this registration form?
pick up /pɪk ʌp/ thu, lượm,
nhặt
If you see a note on your way, do
you pick it up?
Judy’s story is hard to believe.I’m sure
she made it up
look up /lʊk ʌp/ tra cứu, tìm
kiếm
I didn't know the correct spelling so I had
to look it up in the dictionary
miss
out /mɪs aʊt/
bỏ lỡ (một dịp vui, cơ hội)
Buy some now or you will miss out on the best
deal of the year!
He didn't wait to turn the page over, he started
to read the book attentively
Our classroom "FaceSnaps"
I still remember my first day at school When my teacher, Mrs Smith, came in, everybody stood up to bow We were allowed to sit down but she immediately asked
us to take out a pen, and then write down our names, birthdays, phone numbers, home addresses and hobbies on a piece of paper Then she picked up all of the paper
to make up a book that we called "FaceSnaps" From then on, by looking up our friends’ personal information in that book frequently, we never missed out on a birthday party You wanna see my FaceSnap? Turn over the first page and I’m still
there!
Trang 4W: In our culture, we always stand up to bow to the teacher when she comes in.
M: It sounds great But if you’re busy making something, do you have to stand up
anyway?
W: Yes, sure.
M: Have you looked up their phone number for me?
W: Yah And I remember writing it down somewhere in my notepad.
W: Sorry I can’t find the list of the attendees anywhere.
M: Take out my notepad and turn the first 5 pages over, then you will see the list on
the left column But be sure not to add any more names to that list
W: OK I just want to pick up some names for my report.
W: How did you spend your time when you were young?
M: I just loved sitting down on the sofa and watching TV.
W: Well, I didn’t have a TV when I was young, so I think I missed out on a lot of fun.
Trang 5look at /lʊk ət/ xem xét
John looked at renting car but it would be
too expensive
do up /du ʌp/ nâng cấp
It took them six months to do up the house.
take out /teik
aʊt/ mang ra ngoài
Take out the trash when you leave
put in /put in/ lắp đặt (thiết bị lớn) They've put new windows in and painted the
outside of their house
put up /put ʌp/ treo, dán Remember to put this picture up carefully throw
away
/θrəʊ ərəʊ ə
ˈweɪ/
loại đi, vứt bỏ The previous owners have left lots of trash
that we would have to throw away
fix up /fɪks ʌp/ sửa chữa My neighbors are fixing up the house before
they move in
take up /teik ʌp/
bắt đầu làm gì như một công việc, thói quen
He takes up his duties next week.
House Moving
I went to look at a new apartment yesterday but it was not very promising Although it is
in a beautiful area of town The whole place needs doing up The old kitchen sink needs taking out We would have to put in air conditioning We would also need to put up
some shelves for my books and there are no bedroom cupboards The previous owners
have left lots of trash that we would have to throw away The cooker doesn't work properly but it can be fixed up Before we decide whether to move, we must discuss this and consider it very carefully although you did say that you were interested in taking up
home decoration!
M: We don't need to use these bottles so we should take them out.
M: No no, don't throw away these ones, we can recycle them.
W: Are you fixing up the old motorbike you've got in the garage?
Trang 6M: Yes, this motorbike is my friend's I am doing it up If he gets it in good condition
again, he could sell it
W: What do you think about my apartment?
M: After looking at it, I think yours would look a lot nicer if you put up more lamps in
the living room and how's about a new central heating system?
W: How much would it cost to put a new central heating system in?
M: Not much You should take up this work as soon as possible.
Trang 7She grew up in Boston.
carry
on /ˈkæri ɒn/
xúc tiến,tiếp tục
Carry on quitely with your work until the teacher
What time did he turn up?
When are you going to get married and settle down?
Grandfather's Diaries
I recently read my grandfather's diaries, and I found out a lot of interesting things about his life Apparently, he grew up in San Francisco He and his parents didn't get on at all, and when he was 18 he decided to see America He set off with very little money and traveled east He carried on until he reached New York, where he got a job washing
Trang 8dishes in a restaurant.
He felt in love with one of the waitresses, and one day he turned up at her flat with a bunch of roses and asked her to marry him Surprisingly, she agreed, and he settled down with her in New York where they had 3 children.
W: What have you heard about Dr John Mika?
M: After 8 years, he and his wife found out that they didn't get on well so they decided
not to live together anymore
W: Where are they now? What about their little daughter, Brian?
M: After that, he moved to Vietnam to work as a researcher for the center of Linguistics
at the Institute of Social Sciences She has grown up so he brought her to settle down
there
W: Hope that they like the weather and life in Vietnam!
W: Don't carry on wasting time for Scarlet, Richard I am sure that she will never turn
up It's time to leave.
M: I will try calling her one more time before we really set off.
Trang 9hang
around
/hæŋ əˈraʊnd/
He wanted to ask her out but was too
When he saw me coming, he took off in
the opposite direction
stay up /steɪ ʌp/ thức khuya We stayed up half the night talking
turn in /tɜːn ɪn/ đi ngủ I turned in at 11:30 because I had an
early start the next morning
My Day When I was a teenager, I used to hang around in the park with my friends because there wasn't much to do in my hometown Sometimes, when I wasn't feeling shy, I would ask out girls Sometimes they would say yes, usually no When it was too wet for the park, I would call on my uncle Peter He loved cars, so we would mess around with old engines, trying to get them to work Because he worked nights at a factory, I would always take off from his place at around dinner time Then at home I'd stay up late watching TV I'd never turn in before midnight.
W: How is your dad recently?
M: He has really gone to the dogs since he lost his job at the auto plant All he does now
Trang 10is hang around the house, watch TV, drink beer and mess around with gardening.
W: Anthony, I'm tired from staying up so late yesterday I'll continue our assignment
tomorrow morning OK?
M: OK I think you should turn in early.
W: Have you met Daisy today?
M: John called on her house in the morning and asked her out It seems that they took off at 10 o'clock And they haven't come back home yet.
W: I see.
Trang 11Visiting a Friend It's an early morning when my alarm goes off at 6 am I get up and do not forget
to read the to-do-list which had been written down yesterday evening before
I turned in I quickly put on and get on the bus back to Mary's at 7.
It has been a long time since I last called on her I still remember when we were kids, we often messed around by the rivers and on the meadows, growing
up together When I was 15, my parents decided to set off to the North and settle down there Mary was very sad about that We stayed up late on the day before
to talk, but finally we had to say goodbye the next morning She had also given
me her favourite doll before we really took off From then on, she never misses out any occasion to call me as I always think about her when I took her doll out of my wardrobe.
I get off the bus at 10 and carry on walking on the path Mary turns up with a charming smile when I am hanging around there to find the way to her
apartment She always looks great in a red dress We have a nice talk on that
day We both know that we still get on really well despite long time no see And I'm always thinking of asking her out one day soon.
Trang 12call in /kɔːl ɪn/
gọi đến,triệu tập
We had to call in a plumber because the
sink was leaking, and I had no idea how
I came across my old school reports
when I was clearing out my desk
She really helped me out when I was
going through my divorce
give
back /ɡɪv bæk/
trả lại cho ai vật gì
I gave the money back that she'd lent to
me
show up /ʃoʊ ʌp/
có mặt,
xuất đầu lộ diện
It was getting late when she finally showed
up
put to /pʊt tu/
đưa ra vấn đề gì
để xem xét, giải quyết
Your proposal will be put to the Board of
Directors
A Troubling Bike
A policeman called me in this morning, asking about how I had come by my bike I told him I'd come across it just outside my gate From the look on his face, I got the idea that
he didn't believe me In fact, I really had asked around to find out who it belonged to, but
no one round here could help me out I assumed that the owner had thrown it away so I
fixed it up with some new bits of chrome and plastic, and started to use it I'd
Trang 13certainly give it back to the rightful owner if he showed up, and that's the case I will put
to the judge next Tuesday.
M: Linda, guess what! I came across Alex, my classmate from high school on my way
home yesterday
W: Really? How is he doing now?
M: I think life is treating him very well He was always one of the smartest in our class when we were in high school He helped me out on my very first day in California I'm
still grateful for that
W: Peter, do you have the new report? The company called me in for the project
discussion tomorrow afternoon
M: No, I don't Let me ask around to see if anyone has it I guess I'm not on the list this
time
W: How did you come by this wood-handled knife, John? It's a lot like mine.
M: Well, it's really yours I just took it out of your bag And I'm going to give it back to
you right now
W: People said that he put the proposal to the board of directors again for reconsideration
yesterday, didn't he?
M: He was supposed to But he didn't show up, and the board cancelled the conference.
Trang 14sort out /sɔːt aʊt/
giải quyết vấn đề (của bản thân)
If you can wait a moment, I'll sort it all out for you
face up
to /feɪs ʌp tu/
chấp nhận,đương đầu với
Many people find it hard to face up
to the fact that they are getting old.
lie in /laɪ ɪn/
tìm thấy được, tồn tại, nằm trong, thể hiện ở
His skill lies in his ability to
communicate complex ideas verysimply
Unless we can come up with an idea by
tomorrow, we're in real trouble
see
about /siː əˈbaʊt/
kiểm tra, hỏi thêm thông tin
I know Janet and Tom aren't interested in
bicycling, but let's see about Helen
talk
over /tɔːk ˈoʊvər/
thảo luận vấn đề một cách kỹ lưỡng để đi đến quyết định
You'll find it helpful
to talk things over with a friend
deal
with /diːl wɪð/
giải quyết, đối phó The manager must be professional
in dealing with difficult situations.
How to become a self-made man It's time you sorted yourself out You're 23 now and you still haven't got a job! You've got
to face up to reality It's about time that you realized that the secret of success lies in taking positive action Over the next couple of days, I will expect you to come up with a few ideas
about how you're going to improve your situation, or else you can go and live somewhere
else Why don't you go and see about that job uncle Herbert offered you at his factory? I've offered to help talk things over with you, but you never seem to want my help You don't deal with things yourself Sometimes I think you're just a waste of space!
A: How do you intend to deal with this problem?
Trang 15B: Needless to say, you know that the problem lies in the budget, we just can't pay too much
or we'll end up in a finacial crisis
A: I know it seems difficult but I'll help you to sort things out I have to come up with a
good idea for making some quick money
A: What's the matter with you, Brian? You look so sad.
B: I am worried about my Uncle Tom He has become more and more depressed and he just can't face up to the fact that he's too old to work.
A: Why don't you talk it over with Mr Smith? I think uncle Tom would be able to earn a
little money by doing odd jobs at his factory like cleaning machines or doing some otherdomestic chores
B: Nice idea! Thank you very much I'll go and see about getting him a good job with Mr.
Smith
Trang 16No, don't hang up the phone!
ring up /rɪŋ ʌp/
gọi điện cho ai
Helen rang me up early this morning to confirm
the date of the talk show
put
through
/pʊt θrəʊ əruː/
chuyển cuộc gọi (sang máy khác)
Could you put me through to extension number
259, please
get
through
/ɡet θrəʊ əruː/
kết nối (với máy nào đó)
I tried calling her mobile phone, but I couldn't get through
To be honest, I don't like to pick up the phone from
a strange number It always brings me trouble
Making a Phone Call
(Voice mail recording)
Hi, you’ve been put through to Julia Jill’s voice mail I’m not available to pick up your call right now, but I’ll call you back as soon as I can Please leave your message after the
sound of the tone Thank you Beep
(Man) Hi Julia Please don’t hang up, listen to me… I tried to ring you up several times
yesterday but I couldn’t get through The line was always busy I’m sorry for getting
angry with you and calling you an idiot at Peter’s birthday party I do want to say sorry,
dear I shouldn’t have said such rubbish Please forgive me… Hold on, Julia Would you
like to come over for dinner with us on Saturday? My mom will cook some delicious
Italian dishes We're also going to have that traditional pizza that you like so much It