Features of linking words in “jane eyre” novel by charlotte bronte and the vietnamese equivalents

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY NGUYỄN THỊ THU PHƯƠNG FEATURES OF LINKING WORDS IN “JANE EYRE” NOVEL BY CHARLOTTE BRONTE AND THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS (TỪ NỐI TRONG TIỂU THUYẾT “JANE EYRE” CỦA CHARLOTTE BRONTE VÀ NHỮNG TƢƠNG ĐƢƠNG VỚI TIẾNG VIỆT) M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Hanoi, 2018 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY NGUYỄN THỊ THU PHƯƠNG FEATURES OF LINKING WORDS IN “JANE EYRE” NOVEL BY CHARLOTTE BRONTE AND THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS (TỪ NỐI TRONG TIỂU THUYẾT “JANE EYRE” CỦA CHARLOTTE BRONTE VÀ NHỮNG TƢƠNG ĐƢƠNG VỚI TIẾNG VIỆT) M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Supervisor name: Dr Nguyễn Thị Thu Hƣơng Hanoi, 2018 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled FEATURES OF LINKING WORDS IN “JANE EYRE” NOVEL BY CHARLOTTEBRONTE AND THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2018 NGUYEN THI THU PHUONG Approved by SUPERVISOR Date………………… ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Similar, profound gratitude goes to Andy Brower, who has been a truly dedicated mentor I am particularly indebted to Andy for his constant faith in my lab work, and for his support when so generously hosting me in Oregon I have very fond memories of my time there My heartfelt thanks also go to my teachers at Hanoi Open University as well as my family, friends and colleagues whose encouragement and support have made the completion of my thesis possible Finally, but by no means least, thanks go to mum, dad and Steve for almost unbelievable support They are the most important people in my world and I dedicate this thesis to them i ABSTRACT In this thesis, the writer will study about features of linking words in “Jane Eyre” novel by Charlotte Bronte and comparison with Vietnamese In fact, linking words have an important role in language grammar In 1976, the publisher of Lodon and Nework published “Cohesion in English”, an English - language book by M.A.K Halliday and Ruqaiya Hassan In the book, the two authors discuss thoroughly the references: Substitution, Ellipsis, Lexical cohesion, Linking words About linking words, Halliday and Hassan emphasize that connections must be based on their semantic relationship To all these things, the writer use descriptive and analytic to the study Description is intended to follow a qualitative approach The data are collected, the description of the translation of linking words is given The results of the study suggest some approaches of translating linking words and some ways to help Vietnamese learners of English overcome the difficulties when using linking words ii TABLE CONTENT STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i ABSTRACT ii TABLE CONTENT iii LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF FIGURES vii Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale for the study .1 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study .2 1.3 Research questions .2 1.4 Method of the study 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Design of the study Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Previous studies 2.1.1 International Studies 2.1.2 Research in Vietnam 2.2 Overview of syntax and semantic 2.2.1 Theory of syntax 2.2.1.1 Concept .7 2.2.1.2 Clause - basic link unit 2.2.2 Theory of semantic 10 2.2.2.1 Concept 10 2.2.2.2 Expression method .11 2.2.3 Overview of linking words 11 2.2.3.1 Definition of Linking words 11 2.2.3.2 Linking words classification 12 2.3 Linking words in English and in Vietnamese 12 2.3.1 Linking words in English 15 2.3.1.1 Structure 15 2.3.2 Linking words in Vietnamese 18 2.3.2.1 Structure .18 iii 2.3.2.2 Meaning 18 2.4 Conlusion .24 Chapter 3: METHODOLOGY 25 3.1 Subjects 25 3.2 Instruments 25 3.3 Procedures 26 3.4 Statistical Analysis 27 3.5 Summary 27 Chapter 4: FEATURES OF LINKING WORDS IN “JANE EYRE” NOVEL BY CHARLOTTE BRONTE AND THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS 28 4.1 Syntactic features of linking words in “Jane Eyre” novel 28 4.1.1 Linking words has a incorporate word 28 4.1.2 Linking words includes many incorporate words 30 4.2 Semantic features of linking words in “Jane Eyre” novel 31 4.2.1 Elaboration .31 4.2.2 Extention 36 4.2.3 Spatio – Temporal 37 4.2.4 Logical expresstion 39 4.2.5 Comparation 40 4.2.6 Causality –Result .41 4.2.7 Conditional - Result 42 4.2.8 Dismissive 43 4.3 Contrastive analysis of Linking words in English and Vietnamese in “Jane Eyre” novel 44 4.3.1 Structure 44 4.3.2 Meaning 46 4.4 Implication .47 4.4.1 Implication for teaching and learning .47 4.4.2 Implication for translating 49 4.5 Summary 49 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION .51 5.1 Summary of Findings 51 5.2 Conclusions 51 5.3 Recommendations for Further Study .52 iv REFERENCES 53 APPENDIX .56 v LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Meaning of linking words in English and Vietnamese 17 Table 3.1 Summary of the research of the problem 27 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figures 4.1: The rate of linking words is investigated (%) 28 Figures 4.2 Semantic features of linking words in “Jane Eyre” novel 31 Figures 4.3 Elaboration rate (%) 32 Figures 4.4 Extention rate (%) 36 Figures 4.5 Spatio – Temporal rate (%) 39 Figures 4.6 Logical expresstion rate (%) 40 Figures 4.7 Comparation rate (%) 41 Figures 4.8 Causality –Result rate (%) 41 Figures 4.9 Conditional –Result rate (%) 43 Figures 4.10 Dismissive rate (%) 44 vii And, having down the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retrement 10 To the left were the clear panes of glan ν 11 But not separating me from the dear november day ν 12 With ceaselem rain sweeping away wildly before a long and lamentable blast 13 Or Naze, to the north cape 14 With “ the west sweep of the Arctic zone, and those forlorn regions of dreary space 15 but strongely imprcessive 16 so was the black horned thing seated aloof on a rock 17 yet ever profoundly interesting ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 73 18 And when, having bought her inroning – table to the nursery hearth 19 And while she got up mrs Rud’s lace 20 With bewick on my knee,I was then happy 21 Then he paused: He found the room 22 But Aliza just put her head in at the door and said at one 23 For I trembled at the idea of being dragged forth by the said Jack 24 For i was but ten 25 Which made him 26 but his mama had taken him home or a mouth or two ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 74 27 if he had fewer cakes and 28 but the mothers’s heart turned from on option so harsh 29 Because I had no oppeal whatever aginist either his menaces or his 30 Though hi dif both now and then in her very presnce 31 However behind her back 32 While dreading the blow 33 For all at one, without speaking 34 For your impudence in answering mama 35 now, i’ll teach you to ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 36 but when i saw him 37 not soon enought, however, the volume was ν ν 75 38 Also, i had down parallels in sitence which i never though them to have declared aloud 39 Them mrs Reed subjoined 40 The fact is, I was a trifle beside my seft 41 Or rather our of my self, as the French would 42 And, like any other, rebel slave 43 For you nothig for you keep 44 and think over your 45 And thrust me upon a stool 46 and she had ascertained that i was really subsiding 47 then she ad miss abbot strod with ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 76 48 but ever along, addrescing me, she said 49 if she were to turn ou off, you would have to go to 50 but only half intelligible 51 And to try to make yourseld agreeable 52 And then where would she go ν 53 For if you don’t repent, some thing bad might be ν 54 Indeed, unless when a chance influx of visitors at 55 yet it was one of the largest and 56 because it seldom had a fire 57 because it was known tobe so seldom entered ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 77 58 since that day, a sense of dreary consecration had guared it from 59 between them repeated the cacant majies try of the bed and room 60 Returnint,, i had to cross before the looking glass 61 but it was not yet her hour for complete victory 62 and to purchase intcomnity for every fault 63 Though he twisted the necks of the pigecons 64 For her dark skin 65 Similar to his own 66 And spoited her silk attive 67 And he was still “ her own.” ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 78 68 and because i had turned against him 69 as running away 70 or if that could not be effected 71 yet in what darkness 72 why i thus 73 now, at the distance of 74 with mrs Reed or her children, or her chosen vassalage 75 or adding to their 76 though equally dependent and 77 And the beclouded, afternoon was tending to dear 78 and then m courage 79 or was the voult under the ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 79 80 But i know that he was my own uncle 81 when a parent infant to his house 82 and that in his last moments he had required 83 that she could rear and main 84 and so she had, i dare say, as well as her nature, would permit her 85 but how could she really like an interloper 86 after her husband’s death, by any tie? 87 and to, see an uncoanial alien 88 that if mr reed had been alive 89 and now, as i sat looking at the while bed ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 80 90 occasionally also turning a fascinated eye towards the 91 and avenge the oppressed 92 whather in the church, vault or in the unknown qould of the departed 93 and rise before me in this chamber ν ν ν ν ν 94 95 Or client form the gloow some 96 Felt would be terible if realised 97 but then, prepared as my mind was for 98 and i though a ghost would come 99 and she didnot sratch it formme ν ν ν ν ν 81 100 if she had been in great pain one would have excused 101 but she only wanted to bring us all 102 till, came to her my self 103 particularly in children 104 it is my duty to show that tricks will not 105 and from the above reported confrence between vessie and abbot 106 however: day and week passed 107 but no new allusion was made to the subject 108 with a severe eye 109 but seldom addressed me ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 82 110 since, my illness 111 between me and her own children 112 and pass all my time in the neersery 113 while my cousins were constantly in the drawing-room 114 still i felt an instiactive, certainly 115 for her glance, now more than ever 116 whenever he saw me 117 but as i instantly turned against him 118 that prominent feature as hard a blow as my 119 And when i saw that either that or my look daunted him ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 83 120 but he was already with his mama 121 not talk to me about her 122 either you or your sisters should associate with her 123 here, learning over the barmister 124 but, on hearing this strage and audacious declaration 125 And coushing me 126 or ufter one syllable during the remainder 127 what would uncle redd say to you, if he were alive? 128 for it seemed as if my tongue pronounced words 129 as if she really did not know 130 and think, and so can papa and ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 84 mama 131 and how you wish me dead 132 and then left me without a word 133 for i felt indeed only bad fellings surging in my breast 134 from evvery enjoyment iwas, ofcouse 135 and after wards, in lisstening to the sound of the piano or the harp played below 136 the drawing-room door opened and clused 137 the solitary and silent nursery 138 There, though somewhat sad, i was not miserable 139 To speak touth, i had not the least wish to go into company ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 85 140 and if bessive had but been kind and companionable 141 instead of passing them under the formidable eye of mrs Reed 142 but bessie, as soon as she had dressed her young ladies 143 Generally bearing the canddle, along with her 144 i then sat with my doll on my knee tell the fire got low 145 And when the embers sank to a dull red 146 And in the drarth of worthier objects ν 147 But not separating me from the dear november day ν 148 With bewick on my knee,I was then happy ν ν ν ν ν ν ν 86 149 Which made him 150 while my cousins were constantly in the drawing-room Total Total ν ν 22 19 18 19 17 15 18 22 87 ... Definition of Linking words The use of media identifiers indicates the linking words of the authors are inconsistent Nguyen Huu Quynh mentioned the concept of linking words "Linking words are words, ... understand the use of linking words in English and Vietnamese 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study For research on linking words in English, the study goes into the linking words analysis in Chartlote's... with most of the links, including linking words In his article, Diep Quang Ban mentions linking words and means of connection; and the common meaning in linking words On the means of connection,