This page intentionally left blank I M M I G R A N T S AT T H E M A R G I N S L a w, R a c e , a n d E x c l u s i o n i n Southern Europe Spain and Italy have recently become countries of large-scale immigration This provocative book explores immigration law and the immigrant experience in these southern European nations, and exposes the tension between the temporary and contingent legal status of most immigrants, and the government emphasis on integration The book reveals that while law and the rhetoric of policymakers stress the urgency of integration, not only are they failing in that effort, but law itself plays a role in that failure In addressing this paradox, the author combines theoretical insights and extensive data from myriad sources collected over more than a decade to demonstrate the connections among immigrants’ role as cheap labor – carefully inscribed in law – and their social exclusion, criminalization, and racialization Extrapolating from this economics of alterit´e, this book engages more general questions of citizenship, belonging, race and community in this global era is Professor of Criminology, Law and Society at the University of California, Irvine She has published widely in the area of law and society, and her research has been funded by the National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Justice, and the Fulbright Program She was President of the Law and Society Association from 2000 to 2001 She has lived and traveled extensively in southern Europe K I T T Y C A L AV I TA C A M B R I D G E S T U D I E S IN L AW A N D SO C I E T Y Cambridge Studies in Law and Society aims to publish the best scholarly work on legal discourse and practice in its social and institutional contexts, combining theoretical insights and empirical research The fields that it covers are studies of law in action; the sociology of law; the anthropology of law; cultural studies of law, including the role of legal discourses in social formations; law and economics; law and politics; and studies of governance The books consider all forms of legal discourse across societies, rather than being limited to lawyers’ discourses alone The series editors come from a range of disciplines: academic law; socio-legal studies; sociology; and anthropology All have been actively involved in teaching and writing about law in context Series Editors Chris Arup Victoria University, Melbourne Martin Chanock La Trobe University, Melbourne Pat O’Malley Carleton University, Ottawa Sally Engle Merry Wellesley College, Massachusetts Susan Silbey Massachusetts Institute of Technology Books in the Series Constituting Democracy Law, Globalism and South Africa’s Political Reconstruction Heinz Klug 521 78113 hardback 521 78643 paperback The New World Trade Organization Agreements Globalizing Law through Services and Intellectual Property Christopher Arup 521 77355 hardback The Ritual of Rights in Japan Law, Society, and Health Policy Eric A Feldman 521 77040 hardback 521 77964 paperback The Invention of the Passport Surveillance, Citizenship and the State John Torpey 521 63249 hardback 521 63493 paperback Governing Morals A Social History of Moral Regulation Alan Hunt 521 64071 hardback 521 64689 paperback The Colonies of Law Colonialism, Zionism and Law in Early Mandate Palestine Ronen Shamir 521 63183 hardback Law and Nature David Delaney 521 83126 hardback Social Citizenship and Workfare in the United States and Western Europe The Paradox of Inclusion Joel F Handler 521 83370 hardback 521 54153 paperback Law, Anthropology and the Constitution of the Social Making Persons and Things Edited by Alain Pottage and Martha Mundy 521 83178 hardback 521 53945 paperback Judicial Review and Bureaucratic Impact International and Interdisciplinary Perspectives Edited by Marc Hertogh and Simon Halliday 521 83178 hardback 521 54786 paperback Immigrants at the Margins Law, Race, and Exclusion in Southern Europe Kitty Calavita 521 84663 hardback 521 60912 paperback Lawyers and Regulation The Politics of the Administration Process Patrick Schmidt 521 84465 hardback IMMIGRANTS AT THE MARGINS Law, Race, and Exclusion in Southern Europe Kitty Calavita University of California, Irvine Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge , UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521846639 © Kitty Calavita, 2005 This book is in copyright Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press First published in print format 2005 - - ---- eBook (EBL) --- eBook (EBL) - - ---- hardback --- hardback - - ---- paperback --- paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of s for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate In loving memory of my mother, May Shannahan Cecil, who treated friends and strangers alike with dignity and respect, and my father, Arthur Bond Cecil, whose actions always spoke louder than words ... of law in action; the sociology of law; the anthropology of law; cultural studies of law, including the role of legal discourses in social formations; law and economics; law and politics; and. .. Series Constituting Democracy Law, Globalism and South Africa’s Political Reconstruction Heinz Klug 521 78113 hardback 521 78643 paperback The New World Trade Organization Agreements Globalizing Law. .. federal and regional laws and policies are drafted and passed almost weekly The political landscapes in Italy and Spain are shifting once again as this goes to press The bankruptcy of, and corruption