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HO CHI MINH CITY INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY Use of algae as biofuel sources Presented by: Lê Huỳnh Đức _ 15073651 Thái Thị Thảo Anh_15081221 Biofuels Introduction to biofuels  Biofuel concept - Biomass Fuel is a fuel formed from compounds of plant and animal origin - As fuel derived from animal and plant fat, agricultural waste,  Classification Biofuel Biodiesel It is a liquid fuel used to replace traditional disel oil Bio-fuel A liquid fuel that uses ethanol blended into gasoline instead of lead additives Biogas Organic Organic gases include methane and other peers Biofuels Biodiesel  Biodiesel concept - Biodiesel is a fuel that is equivalent in fuel to disel oil but is not produced from petroleum but is produced from vegetable oil and animal fat  Raw materials for biodiesel production - The source of raw materials for biodiesel production is mainly from new or used animal and vegetable fats and oils - Currently, the debate over the balance between food security and security Energy has led to the use of unused vegetable oil sources in food as well as waste oil and waste as raw materials biodiesel production Biodiesel -Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acids and akyl esters obtained through ester transposition of vegetable oils or animal fats Sources of vegetable oil or lipid lipid include 90-98% by weight of triglycerides and a small amount of mono and diglycerides, free fatty acids make up about 1-5% of the rest such as phospholipids, carotene, sulfur and little water Biodiesel Biodiesel fuel is divided into generations 1nd generation 2nd generation 3nd generation Subtrate: Seeds, grains of sugar Bioethanol by ferentation of starch (wheat, barly, corn, potato) or sugars Bioethanol produced from plant biomass as agricultural waste of rice, corn and wheat stalks Bioethanol from microalgae and sea weeds Hydrogen from green microalgae and microbes Biodiesel Statistics of total biodiesel production On the world - 2000-2006: total biodiesel production increased by 32% - 2007: total production tripled - 2006 - 2008: total biodiesel production increased by 115% - Europe: world leader in biodiesel production and consumption (185 + 58 factories) - 2012: America becomes the world's top biodiesel consumer market Biodiesel Statistics of total biodiesel production USA  2004: Produces 25,000,000 gallons  2005: produces 75,000,000 gallons (53 factories)  1/2/2018: The world's first biodiesel production plant, 4.4 million gallons per year  Currently: 329,000,000 gallons / year (~ 100 factories) Biodiesel Statistics of total biodiesel production Italia Argentina  2008: times more production and the third largest biodiesel producer in the world  2009: expected to double the number of biodiesel plants compared to 2008 (~ 70 factories)  2010: compulsory use of B5 nationwide  2008: production of 600,000 tons / year, total biodiesel production increased by 28%, total capacity of biodiesel plants increased by 42%  2009: expected to increase production to 8,000,000 tons / year Malaysia  2007: The first factory produced 110,000 tons of biodiesel per year from palm oil Algae  Concept - As a group of low-level plants living in a water environment, there is optical ability Combine, absorb light and transform light, water, CO2 energy into biomass, at the same time release O2  Classification algae Micro algae Big algae Size microscopic, monoclinic or multicellular live in suspension in water These are multicellular algae of large size, can reach a length of 3048cm Catalysis Transester reaction of triglyceride and fatty acid with lipase catalysis Catalysis Transester reaction of triglyceride and fatty acid with lipase catalysis Catalysis Mechanism to react with lipase catalysts Catalysis Mechanism to react with lipase catalysts Catalysis Mechanism to react with lipase catalysts Catalysis Mechanism to react with lipase catalysts Production process Technology process Result and discussion Result and discussion Result and discussion Result and discussion Result and discussion Result and discussion